seismic design approach for large counterfort wall ... · pdf file2 •arup •seismic...
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North American Chinese Geotechnical Engineers Association - 8th Geotechnical Workshop
A-Level Los Angeles Room, Los Angeles Department of Water and Power
Friday September 9, 2011
Seismic Design Approach for Large Counterfort Wall Retaining Structures
Andy Dodds
Senior Geotechnical Engineer
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2
• Arup
• Seismic Design Approach for Large Counterfort
Wall Retaining Structures
Outline
Outline of Presentation
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3
• Ove Arup, a Danish engineer, started the practice bearing his name in 1946, at the age of 51, and is most often remembered as the structural engineer for the Sydney Opera House.
The W’s
• Arup is a global design and consulting firm, organized into three main business practices:
Buildings,
Infrastructure, and
Consulting.
90 Offices Worldwide
Who is Arup?
What and Where is Arup?
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4
International, national and local.
Some Arup Projects
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5 Presentation
Seismic Design Approach for Large
Counterfort Wall Retaining Structures
Co-authors:
Philip Davies, BEng (Hons), MSc, DIC, CPEng, MIEAust
James McIlquham, BEng (Hons), CEng, CPEng, MICE, MIEAust Golder Associates, Sydney, Australia
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6
N
Existing
Port Botany Site
Port Botany
Expansion
Sydney Airport
Third Runway
1km
NSW
Australia
Project Location
Location
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7 Plan View
Site
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8 Oblique View
Site Works
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9 Oblique View of Completed Works
Completed
Works
Boat Ramp
Bridge, Road,
Services and
Foreshore
Enhancement Works
Dredging
PBE Expansion
Counterfort
Units
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10 Counterfort Retaining Structure
Counterfort Unit (~
65
ft)
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11 Cross-Section
Typical Section
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12 Cross Section
Dredging and Filling
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13 Longitudinal Section
N
Existing
Port Botany
Site
Port Botany
Expansion
Sydney
Airport
Third Runway
1k
m
Foundation Conditions
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14 Oblique View
Berth Structure
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15 Static and Pseudostatic Loading
Design Loadings
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16 Global Bearing Capacity
Bearing (Shear) Mode of Failure?
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17 Numerical Modeling
Dynamic Finite Element Modeling
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18 Numerical Modeling
Dynamic Results
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19 Dynamic Model Movement
Dynamic Results
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20 Pseudostatic Considerations
Pseudostatic versus Dynamic
)(tFkxxcxm
Dynamic: An
Idealized
System
Time (t)
Pseudostatic:
FPGA ?
PGA
Acceleration
Earthquake
F
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21 Newmark Model
Newmark Sliding Block
• Predominantly translational mode of movement noted in dynamic model
• Self-stabilizing nature will promote translational tendencies
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22 Validation
50% PGA Validation
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0
Slid
ing
Blo
ck D
isp
lace
me
nt (
mm
)
Threshold Acceleration / PGA
EQ1
EQ2 - 227 degree component
EQ2 - 137 degree component
EQ3
Displacement of
dynamic model
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23 Findings
Messages
• Limit equilibrium is limited!
• Justify a reduction in PGA when undertaking a pseudostatic design approach.
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24 Sitewide
General View
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25 Sitewide
General View
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26 Circular Precast Yard
Counterfort Precast Yard
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27 Precast Yard
Counterfort Falsework
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28 Precast Yard
Counterfort Falsework
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29 Precast Yard
Counterfort Rotation
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30 Movement on Land
Counterfort Transportation
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31 Storage on Land
Counterfort Storage
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32 Movement over Water
Counterfort Crane Barge
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33 Movement over Water
Lifting Frame
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34 Placement
Placing Counterfort Units
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35 Reclamation
Reclamation by Pipe Discharge
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36 Ground Improvement
Land Vibrocompaction
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37 Ground Improvement
Underwater Vibrocompaction
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38 Ground Improvement
Dynamic Compaction
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39 Ground Improvement
Dynamic Compaction
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40 Happy Friday
Thanks.