Mr.M.Deivam

M.Sc.,M.Ed.,M.Phil.,SET(Edn).,NET(Edn)

Assistant Professor of Computer Science

Usha Latchumanan College of Education,

Thirukanur,

Puducherry UT.

Secularism

Introduction

All religion are equal footing

India is multi-religious and multi-culture

society.

The word secularism did not occur in the

Constitution when it was adopted in 1950.

It was inserted in the Constitution in

1976.

Origin of the word Secularism

The word secularism was first used in

the nineteenth century by George

Jacob Holydake.

The word ‘Secularism’ is derived from

the Latin word ‘Saeculum’ which

means ‘this present age’.

Indian concept of secularism and

a secular state

‘Sarva-dharma-samantva’ or ‘Sarva-dharma-

sambhava’ – equal regard for all faiths and

creeds.

‘Ekam Brahma Vipra Bahuda Vadanti’ – God id

one, wise men call Him by different names.

Jawaharlal Nehru, the first Prime Minister of India

has explained the secular of Indian State as “It

means while religion is completely free, the state

including in its wide fold various religions and

cultures, gives protection and opportunities to all

and thus brings about an atmosphere of

tolerance and co-operation.

Characteristics of a secular

minded individual

Secular outlook treats all religion on an equal

footing.

Secular outlook accepts freedom of religion.

Secular outlook implies freedom of worship.

Secular outlook encourages rational thinking.

Secular outlook views all citizens with equal rights.

Secular outlook encourages moral and spiritual

values.

Secular outlook is not a negation of religion.

Secular state of India following

main features

Indian state treats all religions on equal footing.

Indian state neither interferes with nor promotesany religion.

It permits individual and collective freedom ofreligion to all citizens.

It view all individuals as citizens with equal rights andnot as members of any particular religion.

It is not against any religion.

It functions in a way independent of religion.

It allows religious education in some educationalinstitutions run and managed by minoritiessubject to certain conditions.

Constitutional provisions and

secularism

Article 15: Prohibition of discrimination on

grounds of religion, caste, sex or place of

birth.

Article 25(1) Freedom of Conscience:

Reasons for imparting Secular

Education

Secular education develops a moral outlook.

Secular education helps in the development of

liberal attitudes and values.

Secular education wider-vision.

Secular education develops an attitude of

appreciation and understanding of others point of

view.

Secular education develops democratic values.

Secular education scientific temper of mind.

Secular education develops humanistic outlook.

Secular education synthesises materialism and

spiritualism.

Socialism

It is against capitalism.

Started in Europe in the 19th century,

Karl Mars and Lenin in Russia and Mao in China

were the chief architects of socialism.

Socialism aim at establishing a classless society.

Several types of socialism have emerged.

- Christian Socialism

- Democratic Socialism

- Gandhian Socialism

- Marxist-Leninist Socialism

- Scientific Socialism

Main features of Socialism

Socialism aims at establishing a classless

society.

Classless society is free from disparity,

exploitation and oppression.

Socialism aim at social justice.

Socialism aims at equality.

Socialism aims at abolishing the capitalist

system.

Socialism has little faith in religious ideas

and values.

Socialism ignores spiritual values.

Indian Concept of Socialism

Gandhiji, Jawaharlal Nehru and Jai Prakash Narain

are the great supporters of socialism.

Gandhiji saw socialims as a way of life. He called it

‘Sarvodaya Samaj’ in which the ‘greatest good of all”.

Who is a Socialist? Gandhiji wrote, “Under socialism all

the members of society are equal – none low, none

high. Under it the prince and the peasant , the wealthy

and the poor, the employer and the employee are all the

on the same level.

Indian socialism It is based on equality between man and man

Socialism does not sacrifice man for money.

It believes in building a classless and

casteless society.

It stresses equality, freedom and social justice.

It believes in mixed economy i.e public

ownership as well as private owership.

It aim at providing special facilities to the

weaker sections of the society.

It believes non-violent means to achieve its

goals

Socialism and aim of education

Development of democratic attitude.

Development of communist values.

Development of secular values.

Providing equality of opportunity to all for their all-

round development and welfare.

Rapid expansion of educational facilities to all

areas.

Developing values like ‘Dharma’, dignity of

labour, non-violence, unselfishness, selfless

service etc.

Socialism and Curriculum

Topics like democracy, duties of

citizens, equality, freedom, rights,

secularism, socialism, social reform

movements, non-violence, etc. to be

included in various subjects.

Group activities like debates,

discussions, social service camps, social

surveys, ‘Shramdhan’ etc. to be

organised.

Inclusion of SUPW as an essential

component of the school curriculum to be

Cont.,

Emphasis to be laid on polytechnic

education, vocational and

professional courses.

Introduction of Information

Technology and its effective use

would enable to students to do well

in the age of modernisation.

Socialism and Methods of

Teaching

Emphasis to be laid on group

methods of teaching, seminars,

projects ,etc.

Self-discovery methods to be

encouraged.

Socialism and Control of

Education

Education in India is a concurrent subject.

The Central and State Government take

several measures for the promotions of

education. Local bodies are also

responsible for education especially at

the primary stage.

Socialism and Textbook

Aim at providing books at reasonable

prices. Textbook at the primary and

middle stages by large have been

nationalised.

Cont.,

‘Earn and Learn’ facilities.

Special facilities for girls.

Transport facilities.

Special stress on the education of the

backward areas, hill areas, slum areas etc.

Running of government schools, local bodies

schools.

Socialism and Equalization of Educational opportunities

Tuition free education to economically and

socially weaker sections of students.

Free textbooks and uniforms to weaker

sections.

Award of scholarships.

Grant of loans.

Admission facilities and special quotas

for weaker sections, Scheduled Castes

and Tribes.

Hostel facilities.

Day-study centres.

THANK YOU ALL