Section 8-4

Focus On:

Reproduction in Seed Plants

Parts of a seedPollination, Fertilization, Germination.Angiosperms & Gymnosperms

Section 8-4: Reproduction in Seed Plants

I. The evolutionary leap for seed plants:A. Two leaps that make plants ready for life on

land are:

1) _______________________________

2) _______________________________

Do not need water to reproduce

Have a seed coat for protection

Section 8-4: Reproduction in Seed PlantsII. Fertilization in Seed Plants:A. The reproductive structures of seed plants

are known as _________and _________.B. Female and Male Reproductive Parts:

The female cones and flower parts have what is called an _____________. This structure: ________________________

The male cones and flower parts have what is called ______________. This structure: _________________________C. The the transfer of pollen to the ovule is

called: _______________________.

cones flowers

ovulecontains one egg cell

is the male sex cell.pollen

pollination

Section 8-4: Reproduction in Seed Plants

D. Two types of seeds can be produced:1) angiosperms: ____________________

________________________________

example:________________2) gymnosperms:___________________

________________________________

example:________________

Plants that have

seeds protected by a seed coat.

Plants whose seeds

are naked – not covered.

Pine cone

Lima bean

Section 8-4: Reproduction in Seed Plants

A. The basic seed structure consists of: ______________________________________________.

B. The seed structures and their function:1) Seed Coat: ______________________ ________________________________2) Cotyledon: ______________________

________________________________3) Embryo: ________________________ ______________________________

A seed coat, a young plant,& stored food.

The protective coverfor the seed. “Shell-like”

Stored food for theEmbryo (young plant).

The young/baby plant.As it grows it is called germination.

III. Seeds

Section 8-4: Reproduction in Seed Plants

4) Hypocotyl: ________________________

5) Epycotyl: _________________________

6) Radical:___________________________

7) Hilum:____________________________

Undeveloped stemUndeveloped leafUndeveloped root

Structure that absorbs water.

Radical

HypocotylEpycotyl

Germinating

Seed

Section 8-4: Reproduction in Seed Plants

IV. Seed Dispersal:

A. Seeds need to find a place to grow, so many

of them have to travel. Since seeds cannot walk they need ways to carry them.

Here are some ways seeds can be carried….

Section 8-4: Reproduction in Seed Plants

1) Carried by wind

Section 8-4: Reproduction in Seed Plants

2) Carried by water

Section 8-4: Reproduction in Seed Plants

3) Carried by animals

Section 8-4: Gymnosperms & Angiosperms

V. Gymnosperms: The Naked Seed

A. There are FOUR phyla of Gymnosperms:

Phyla: Example:

1) _____________ _________________

2) _____________ _________________

3) _____________ _________________

4) _____________ _________________

Conifers

Cycads

Ginkgoes

Gnetophytes

Redwood

Palm Trees

Maiden Hairs

Tropical Vines

Section 9-3: Gymnosperms & Angiosperms

B.The largest group of gymnosperms are the

________________.The word conifer actually means:

______________________.

VI. Angiosperms: The Coated SeedA. Angiosperms: _____________________ _______________________________Angiosperms can be found all over the

world, even where it is cold.

Conifers

Cone-bearer

Make up the largestgroup of plants–they vary greatly.

Section 9-3: Gymnosperms & Angiosperms

B.Angiosperms are the flower producers. Flowers are: ________________________ ___________________________________

_________________________________C.The general structures and their functions

in flowers:1) sepals:

__________________________

_________________________________2) petals: _________________________

_________________________________

The structures that havethe reproductive organs in angio-sperms.

Support and protect the base of the flower.

Used to attract organisms for pollination. Also can protect.

Petals

Sepals

Parts of a Flower

Reviewing this Section:

$ How has reproduction in seed plants adapted to life on land?

$ What is the difference between angiosperms and gymnosperms?

$ Explain how one species of palm tree can be on several different islands.

$ What is the process that is happening here.

Germination