section 11 hydration. 2 ► daily fluid requirements ► dehydration and stroke ► hydration and...
TRANSCRIPT
SECTION 11Hydration
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Hydration
► Daily fluid requirements► Dehydration and stroke► Hydration and urinary incontinence► Hydration and constipation
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The average adult can live for weeks without food, but only for days without water.
► People need at least 6 to 8 cups of non-caffeinated fluids daily to stay hydrated
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Daily fluid requirements
Daily fluid requirements
Measure AmountCups 6 8
Ounces 48 64Litres 1.5 2
Millilitres 1500 2000
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Fluids in common foods
Food Serving Size Fluid Content Jellied dessert ½ cup 120 mLPudding ½ cup 100 mLIce cream or sherbet ½ cup 60 mLPopsicle 1 popsicle 90 mLYogurt ½ cup 90 mLCanned Fruit ½ cup 100 mLSoup 1½ cups 165 mLSimple conversion for daily fluid requirement 1 cup = 250 mL
½ cup = 125 mL
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Key point
Help the survivor stay hydrated.
Find out the survivor’s favourite non-caffeinated drinks.
Make them available and encourage the survivor to drink during the day.
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Dehydration and stroke
Dehydration is a health risk that rapidly becomes life-threatening. When people are dehydrated they may lose physical, mental, and cognitive function. They have an increased risk of:
o Infectiono Fallso Constipation and fecal impactiono Urinary tract infection
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Dehydration and strokeIncreased risks for stroke survivors who:► Have swallowing problems may fear choking
and avoid drinking fluids. ► Fear of incontinence may decrease their fluid
intake in an attempt to prevent accidents.► Are on a thickened fluid diet and do not take all
the fluids provided► Refuse fluids at meals or snacks► Need help with eating and drinking► Lack the feeling of being thirsty
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Dehydration and stroke
Increased risks for stroke survivors who (cont’d):► Are unable to communicate that they are thirsty► Have memory problems or are forgetful► Have an illness that increases fluid loss, such as
vomiting, diarrhea, or fever and sweating
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Signs of dehydration
Watch carefully for these signs of dehydration:► Decreased urine output► Dark, concentrated, or strong-smelling urine► Frequent urinary tract or bladder infections► Thick, stringy saliva► Constipation► Dizziness when sitting up or standing► Confusion or a change in mental status
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Signs of dehydration
Watch carefully for these signs of dehydration (cont’d):
► Weight loss of 3.5 pounds (1.5 kg) in less than 7 days
► Fever► Decreased skin elasticity
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Signs of dehydration
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► Encourage the survivor to drink enough fluids► Sip fluids during the day, rather than drinking large
amounts at once► Drink water, the preferred liquid. Consider providing
the required amount of water in a container► Limit caffeine intake to 2 to 3 cups or less► Provide gentle reminders to drink.► Try to give them liquids they prefer. ► Offer a variety of liquids
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How you can help
Key point
Dehydration is potentially life-threatening.
It is vital to encourage survivors to consume enough fluids.
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Upon reflection
What are three things you can do to help a stroke survivor stay hydrated?
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