secondary school curriculum and · web viewsecondary school curriculum/course selection/...

TABLE OF CONTENTS

PAGE

I. A MESSAGE TO STUDENTS 3 II. SECONDARY SCHOOL CURRICULUM/COURSE SELECTION/SCHEDULING, 4

SCHEDULE CHANGE POLICY, COURSE WITHDRAWAL POLICY,SCHEDULE CORRECTIONS

III. GRADUATION REQUIREMENTS, STUDENT PROMOTION & GRADE 5CLASSIFICATION

IV. COURSES OF STUDY

Academic Course of Study 6

Standard Course of Study 7

Suggested Courses for Various Career Interests 8-9

V. JEFFERSON COUNTY – DUBOIS AREA VOCATIONAL TECHNICAL SCHOOL 10

VI. SPECIAL PROGRAMS

Work Release, Dual Enrollment 11

PSSA Math Review, Academic Support, EAP Reading Program, 11

Driver Education -Behind the Wheel, Cyber Services 11

VII. LIST OF COURSES, ABBREVIATIONS, YEARS, AND CREDITS 12-16

VIII. COURSE, CREDIT AND DESCRIPTION BY DEPARTMENTS

Special Education 16

Foreign Language 17-18

English

19-23

Mathematics

24-28

Science

29-31

Social Studies

32-33

Physical Education/Health

34-35

Art

36-37

Music

38-391

Business 40-42

Guidance

42

Family & Consumer Science 43

Technology Education 44-47

Driver Education

48

Work Release

48

Cyber Services

48-49

IX. 8th GRADE COURSE DESCRIPTIONS

Reading 51

English 52

Math 52-53

Science 53-54

Social Studies 54

Computer Applications 8 55

Multimedia Technology 55

Physical Education 8th grade Girls / Boys 55

Foreign Languages 8 55

Chorus 8 56

Music 8 56

Library Media 8 56

Family & Consumer Science 56

Technology Education 8 57

Art 8 57

Business 8 57

Band/Chorus 8 57

2

Date of Development: October 1974

Revised: Annually since 1975

A MESSAGE TO STUDENTS:

This Student Curriculum Guide was prepared for your use in making decisions about your future. Its primary purpose is to acquaint you and your parents with the variety of courses available. Few high school students are able to make a final determination regarding their future plans so early in life. Therefore, it is important that you prepare yourself for the future with a broad and gainful educational background.

Your administration, counseling staff, and teachers are committed to helping you achieve your educational goals and are available to help you in making your future plans. Please do not take these decisions lightly! These decisions set the course for your future.

Each department’s philosophy and the course descriptions were written by the teachers with the hope that students will have a full understanding of the courses before selections are made.

Questions regarding the High School Curriculum may be directed to the following:

Punxsutawney Area High School…………………………………………814-938-5151

Mr. London Principal extension 1000

Guidance Staff extension 1543Mrs. Cassidy Counselor for Grade 12Mrs. White Counselor for Grade 11Mrs. Pepple Counselor for Grades 9 and 10Miss Hand Counselor for Grade 8 & Cyber Services Grades K-12Mrs. Smith Guidance Secretary

PUNXSUTAWNEY AREA SCHOOL DISTRICT MISSION STATEMENT

The mission of the Punxsutawney Area School District is to prepare students for the future by enabling them to acquire knowledge, skills and attitudes necessary to become productive and responsible citizens.

3

NOTICE OF NONDISCRIMINATION

The Punxsutawney Area School District is an equal opportunity education institution and will not discriminate on the basis of race, color, national origin, sex, or disability in its admission procedures, educational programs, activities, or employment practices as required by Title VI, Title IX and Section 504. For information regarding civil rights or grievance procedures, contact Gerald G. Gigliotti (Title IX Coordinator) at Punxsutawney Area High School, 500 Findley Street, Punxsutawney, PA 15767, Telephone: (814) 938-5151, ext. 6531 or Karen A. Young (Section 504 Coordinator) at Punxsutawney Area High School, 500 North Findley Street, Punxsutawney, PA 15767, Telephone: (814) 938-5151, ext. 6523

SECONDARY SCHOOL CURRICULUM/COURSE SELECTION/ SCHEDULING

In accordance with the district’s mission statement, Punxsutawney Area High School gives students the opportunity to prepare for their future by selecting from a variety of courses. Students and parents should make these choices based on the student’s aptitudes, interests, and in preparation for future goals.

Beginning in mid-February, counselors meet with students as a group to present them with the schedule selection form and review curriculum and course selections, available electives and graduation requirements. Each student is given a course selection sheet on which s/he selects desired courses for the following year. After the student and parents review the course selections, they sign the form and return it to the counselor for review. Early in March, counselors meet with students individually to review course selections and the students’ individual situations and needs.

The present program of studies contains two basic course outlines: the Academic Course of Study and the Standard Course of Study. Suggested classes for various career interests are listed which can be used in combination with either the Academic or Standard course outlines. These lists of courses can be pursued in preparation for post-graduation occupation whether it is college entrance, technical training, varied gainful employment, or military service.

SCHEDULE CHANGE POLICY

We cannot over-emphasize the importance of careful course selection. Selection should be made in accordance with student interests and abilities and also with guidance and assistance from parents, teachers, and counselors. The school bases its needs – including staffing, books, and supplies - on course selection. Following a student’s initial requests, course changes will be considered only in merited cases for academic reasons.

COURSE WITHDRAWAL POLICY

A schedule change form signed by the parent/guardian, the teacher, and the counselor shall be required to withdraw from any course. During the first week of school, requests to drop a course and add a different course or a study hall will be considered if the minimum number of courses is maintained. Thereafter, if unusual circumstances arise, a student may drop a course only for academic reasons. The student must have demonstrated an attempt to pass the course through regular completion of

4

assignments, class participation, attendance, tutoring, and communication between the teacher and parents.

SCHEDULE CORRECTIONS

Any student who needs to make a correction in his/her schedule for any of the following reasons may do so during the first week of school.

a. Computer errors in scheduleb. Needs required course for graduationc. Lacks prerequisites for the coursed. Failed course previously with currently scheduled teacher

Counselors are available during the two weeks prior to each school year and the two weeks following each school year to answer any questions concerning schedules and schedule changes.

GRADUATION REQUIREMENTS

To graduate from the Punxsutawney Area High School, students must meet the following Requirements

1. All students in the class of 2013 need a minimum of 22 credits (23 credits beginning with the class of 2014) in the following subject areas to be eligible for graduation. All students must schedule a minimum of 6.25 credits per year.

Class of 2013 Class of 2014 & beyondA. English 4.00 credits 4.00 creditsB. Math 4.00 credits 4.00 creditsC. Science 3.00 credits 3.00 creditsD. Social Studies 3.00 credits 3.00 creditsE. Physical Education 1.00 credit 2.00 creditsF. Health 0.50 credits 0.50 creditsG. Computer Applications 0.50 creditsH. Career Education 0.50 creditsI. Family and Consumer Science 0.50 credits 0.50 creditsJ. Electives* 5.50 credits 5.50 credits

*See individual course of study pages for required electives in each program (pages 6-9).

2. All students must pass a Graduation Project. Additional and more detailed information for students in the class of 2013 is described in the graduation project handbook “Doors of Opportunity”. This handbook is available in the Punxsutawney Area High School Office. Students in the class of 2014 and beyond must complete the career/service senior project as outlined in the “Careers and Community” handbook.

3. All students must achieve at the proficient or advanced level on the eleventh grade PSSA, the twelfth grade PSSA re-take tests, or the mid or end of the year 12th grade local assessments to graduate.

4. Keystone requirements for class of 2015 and 2016.

A. English CompositionB. LiteratureC. Algebra ID. Biology

5

STUDENT PROMOTION & GRADE CLASSIFICATION

Promotion in high school is determined entirely on the number of credits earned by a student. Promotion requirements are as follows:

A. 9th grade --- promotion from 8th grade (passing at least 5.5 eighth grade classes)B. 10th grade --- 4.0 credits (5 - for class of 2014 and beyond)C. 11th grade --- 10.5 credits (11 - for class of 2014 and beyond)D. 12th grade --- 16 credits (17 - for class of 2014 and beyond)

6

ACADEMIC COURSE OF STUDY

The Academic Course of Study is designed with higher-level courses to challenge students and to give individuals the best preparation to attend a four-year college/university. Students must fulfill the following requirements including a minimum of two years of the same foreign language.

Ninth Grade

Academic English 9 1 creditAcademic Algebra I, or Academic Geometry 1 creditAcademic Biology 1.5 creditsAmerican History II 1 creditForeign Language and/or Elective 1 creditPhysical Education .5 creditHealth (.5 credit) / Career Education (.5 credit) 1 credit

Tenth Grade

Academic English 10 1 creditAcademic Geometry, or Academic Algebra II 1 creditAcademic Chemistry 1.5 credits World Cultures 1 creditForeign Language and/or Electives 2 creditsPhysical Education .5 creditSafety Education .25 credit

Eleventh Grade

Academic English 11 1 creditAcademic Algebra II or 1/2 year Trigonometry and 1/2 year Algebra III 1 credit Academic Physics 1.5 credits Civics/Economics 1 credit Foreign Language and/or Electives 2 creditsPhysical Education .5 credit

Twelfth Grade

Academic English 12 or AP English 1 credit Academic Level Math 1 credit Physical Education .5 creditForeign Language and/or Electives 3 or 3.5 credits On Your Own (.5 credit)/Independent Living (1 credit) .5 or 1 credit

STANDARD COURSE OF STUDY7

The Standard Course of Study is designed to meet the graduation requirements of the Pennsylvania Academic Standards. This course of study allows a greater flexibility in planning within the sequence of requirements. Students may select a combination of Standard or Academic courses.

Ninth Grade

English 9 1 credit Math Option 1 credit Biology 1 credit American History II 1 credit Elective 1 credit Health (.5 credit) / Career Education (.5 credit) 1 credit Physical Education .5 credit

Tenth Grade

English 10 1 credit Math Option 1 credit Chemistry 1 credit World Cultures 1 credit Electives 2 credits Physical Education .5 credit Safety Education .25 credit

Eleventh Grade

English 11 1 credit Math Option 1 credit Physical Science 1 credit Civics/Economics 1 credit Electives 2 credits Physical Education .5 credit

Twelfth Grade

English 12 1 credit Math Option 1 credit On Your Own (.5 credit)/ Independent Living (1 credit) .5 or 1 creditElectives 3 or 3.5 credits Physical Education .5 credit

Suggested Courses for Various Career Interests

8

S.T.E.M (Science, Technology, Engineering, Math) Careers Technology / Engineering: Science: Math:

Engineering Graphics Advanced Engineering

Graphics Parametric Design Engineering Capstone Architectural Drawing Electricity and Electronics Robotics Electromechanical

Engineering Technology (EMET)

Biology (Academic level suggested)

AP Biology Chemistry (Academic

level suggested) AP Chemistry Physics (Academic level

suggested) Anatomy and Physiology

Trigonometry/ Algebra III Calculus/AP Calculus Surveying Probability and Statistics Computer Mathematics I

and II

All S.T.E.M. categories: Speech Writing Workshop

Computer Related Careers – Information Technology, Computer Programming or Repair, and related fields.

Graphic Processes I and II Multimedia Technology Video Production Digital Photography Computer Mathematics I and II Information Processing Robotics Electricity / Electronics Speech Writing Workshop

Fine Arts Careers – Music performance or Education, Art or Art Education, Fine Arts degree, Theater, and related fields.

Foreign Language Humanities I and II Journalism Writing Workshop Speech Introduction to Psychology Sociology Band Chorus

Music Appreciation Music Theory, Musical Theater

Workshop Dramatics Art I, II, III, IV Digital Photography, Crafts Creative Clay I and II Art Appreciation

Industrial Trades – Construction, Welding, Electrician, Mechanic, and related fields.

Technology of Today Manufacturing Materials and Processes Advanced Manufacturing Wood Products and Processes Advanced Wood Processes

Construction Technology Cabinet Making/Mill-working Speech Writing Workshop

Business Careers – Accountant, Business Management, Administrative Assistant, Medical Assistant/Secretary, and related fields.

Introduction to Business9

Accounting I and II Information Processing Business Law Speech Writing Workshop Word Processing Probability and Statistics Graphic Processes I and II

Medical Careers – Nursing, Physician/Physician Assistant, Physical /Occupational Therapy, Sports Medicine, Radiologic Technology, and related fields.

Biology (Academic level suggested) AP Biology Chemistry (Academic level suggested) AP Chemistry Physics (Academic level suggested) Anatomy and Physiology Intro to Sports Medicine Foreign language Writing Workshop Introduction to Psychology Algebra, Geometry Trigonometry/ Algebra III Calculus/AP Calculus Probability and Statistics Speech

Education - Teacher, Guidance Counselor, Principal and related fields.

Foreign language English (Academic level suggested) Humanities I and II Speech Journalism Writing Workshop Introduction to Psychology Sociology

Social Services - Law Enforcement, Social Worker, Psychologist, Probation Officer, and related fields.

Foreign language Humanities I and II Speech Journalism Writing Workshop Probability and Statistics

Introduction to Psychology Criminal Justice Sociology Business Law Money Matters

10

Jefferson County – DuBois Area Vocational Technical School576 Vo-Tech Road

Reynoldsville, PA 15851814-653-8265

JEFF TECH

The emphasis of Jeff Tech’s vocational program is to prepare the student for entry into the work place or to help the student continue his/her postsecondary education in a specific field. Jeff Tech offers students a wide range of career option courses, each of which is a state-approved vocational program. These technical training courses begin in ninth or tenth grade and conclude with graduation.

The training areas offered are as follows:

*AUTO BODY*AUTO MECHANICS*BUILDING TRADES *COSMETOLOGY*MARKETING/RETAILING*DRAFTING*FOOD SERVICE*LUMBERING*MACHINE SHOP*WELDING/METAL FABRICATION*INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY ACADEMY*HEALTH ASSISTANT*PROTECTIVE SERVICES

To enter Jeff Tech as a freshman, students must have successfully completed 8th grade. To enter Jeff Tech as a sophomore, students must have passed a minimum of 5 credits from the following list of ninth grade courses:

English 9 or Academic English 9 1 credit Pre Algebra / Algebra l 1 credit Biology 1 or 1.5 credits American History il 1 credit Elective 1 credit Physical Education .5 credit Health (.5 credit) / Career Education (.5 credit) 1 credit

SPECIAL PROGRAMS

11

WORK RELEASE

The work release program is designed for seniors who are interested in gaining job experience while still in high school. To qualify, a student must follow specific regulations and complete permission forms, and have earned a minimum of 18.5 credits (19.5 credits for class of 2014 and beyond) by the end of his/her junior year. Students should apply for work release within the first 10 days of each semester of their senior year.

DUAL ENROLLMENT

Dual Enrollment is available to seniors during their school day and to juniors and seniors outside the school day. Students with a 90% average may apply to take college classes and could receive college credit along with appropriate high school elective credit (.5). Tuition and related costs are the responsibility of the student.

PSSA MATH REVIEW

Since successful completion of the PSSA is required for graduation, the PSSA Math Review is required for seniors who did not attain the Advanced or Proficient Level in Mathematics on the PSSA Exam and/or juniors who did not attain proficiency on the benchmark assessment

ACADEMIC SUPPORT

The Academic Support Program is for students who can benefit from the small group assistance of a PA certified teacher (provided through Americorp). The Academic Support teacher will help students learn skills in organization, test taking, studying and note taking. Academic Support is available to students during their study hall period and/or Activity Period.

EAP READING/MATH PROGRAM

The EAP Reading/Math Program is required for students who did not score at the Proficient or Advanced Level on the PSSA test. Students in the EAP Reading/Math Program are required to successfully complete all requirements of the program and will be scheduled to do so during their study hall period or Activity Period.

DRIVER EDUCATION – BEHIND THE WHEEL

Students who have completed Safety Education may apply through the assistant principal to take six hours of behind the wheel instruction. No credit will be given for this course.

CYBER SERVICES

Cyber courses will be available to juniors and seniors (courses are listed on page 46-47). Consumer Math will be approved for math credit recovery or as an elective credit. The others will be available as elective credits. Students interested in these options must get their guidance counselor’s approval.

COURSES, YEAR, AND CREDITS12

Special Education Department

016 Work Readiness Skills I 9-12 .5 017 Work Readiness Skills II 9-12 .5 018 Work Readiness Skills III 10-12 .5 019 Work Readiness Skills IV 10-12 .5

Foreign Language Department

101 French I 9-12 1 102 French II 10-12 1 106 Spanish I 9-12 1 107 Spanish II 10-12 1 108 Spanish III 11-12 1 109 Spanish IV 12 1

English Department

110 English 9 9 1 111 Academic English 9 9 1 120 English 10 10 1 121 Academic English 10 10 1 130 English 11 11 1 131 Academic English 11 11 1 140 English 12 12 1 141 Academic English 12 12 1 143 AP English 12 12 1 144 Speech 10-12 .5

145 Writing Workshop 11-12.5

146 Humanities I: Ancient Greece to the Renaissance 10-12 .5 147 Humanities II: The Enlightenment to Present Day 10-12 .5 148 Dramatics 10-12 .5149 Journalism 10-12 .5150 Network Journalism 11-12 .5

Mathematics Department

201 Pre-Algebra 9 1 205 Algebra I 9-10 1 206/207 Algebra l Lab 9-10 .25 / semester210 Academic Algebra l 9 1215 Geometry 9-11 1 216/217 Geometry Lab 9-11 .25 / semester220 Academic Geometry 10 1

13

Mathematics Department (Continued)

225 Algebra II 10-12 1 226/227 Algebra II Lab (begins 2013-14) 10-12 .25 / semester230 Academic Algebra ll 11 1 240 Trigonometry 11-12 .5 241 Algebra III 11-12 .5 242 Surveying 11-12 .5 243 Probability & Statistics 11-12 .5 244 Transition to College Mathematics 12 1 245 Introduction to Calculus 12 .5 246 Calculus 12 1 247 AP Calculus 12 1250 Computer Mathematics I 9-12 .5251 Computer Mathematics II 9-12 .5

Science Department

310 Biology 9 1 311 Academic Biology 9 1.5 320 Chemistry 10 1 321 Academic Chemistry 10 1.5 330 Physical Science 11 1 331 Academic Physics 11 1.5 339 Anatomy and Physiology 12 .5 - 1340 Science for Living 11-12 1341 Biology Connections 11-12 1 342 Advanced Placement Biology 11-12 1.5 343 Advanced Placement Chemistry 11-12 1.5

Social Studies Department

401 American History II 9-10 1 402 World Cultures 10-12 1 403 Economics 11-12 .5404 Civics 11-12 .5427 Criminal Justice (Elective only) 11-12 .5 428 Introduction to Psychology (Elective only) 11-12 .5 429 Sociology (Elective only) 11-12 .5 442 AP United States History (Elective Only) 10-12 1 443 AP European History (Elective only) 10-12 1

14

Physical Education Department

500/501 PE 9th Grade Girls 9 .5 502/503 PE 9th Grade Boys 9 .5 504/505 Lifetime Sports, Games, & Activities / Girls 10-12 .5506/507 Wellness & Fitness for Life / Girls 10-12 .5 508/509 Competitive Team Sports / Girls 10-12 .5510/511 Conditioning & Strength Training / Girls 10-12 .5 514/515 Lifetime Sports, Games, & Activities / Boys 10-12 .5516/517 Wellness & Fitness for Life / Boys 10-12 .5518/519 Competitive Team Sports / Boys 10-12 .5 520/521 Conditioning & Strength Training / Boys 10-12 .5 522 Health 9 .5 523 Intro to Sports Medicine 10-12 .5 524 Personal Health and Fitness 11-12 .5

Art Department

601 Art I 9-12 1 602 Art II 10-12 1 603 Art III 11-12 1 604 Art IV 12 1 605 Art Appreciation 10-12 .5 606 Crafts 10-12 .5 608 Creative Clay I 10-12 .5 609 Creative Clay II 10-12 .5 610 Digital Photography 10-12 .5

Music Department

620 Band 9-12 1 621 Chorus 9-12 1 622 Chorus (1 semester) 9-12 .5 623 Honors Chorus 9-12 1624 Musical Theater Workshop 9-12 1625 Music Theory 10-12 .5 626 Music Appreciation 10-12 .5

Business Department

640 Introduction to Business 9-12 1 642 Computer Applications II 10-12 .5 644 Word Processing 10-12 .5 645 Advanced Word Processing 10-12 .5 647 Business Mathematics 10-12 1 648 Accounting I 10-12 1 649 Accounting II 11-12 1

15

Business Department (Continued)

650 Business Law 10-12 .5 651 Money Matters 10-12 .5653 Information Processing 11-12 .5 654 Entrepreneurship 11-12 .5 655 Office Technology 11-12 .5

Guidance Department

665 Career Education 9 .5

Family & Consumer Science Department

670 Independent Living I 10-12 1 671 Independent Living II 11-12 1 672 On Your Own 10-12 .5

Technology Education Department

700 Technology of Today 9-10 1 701 Engineering Graphics C.A.D. 10-12 .5 702 Advanced Engineering Graphics C.A.D. 10-12 .5 703 Architectural Drawing C.A.D. 11-12 .5 704 Parametric Design C.A.D. 11-12 .5 705 Engineering Capstone 11-12 .5 708 Electricity/Electronics 10-12 .5 709 Robotics 11-12 .5 711 Manufacturing Materials and Processes - METAL 10-12 .5 712 Advanced Manufacturing - METAL 11-12 .5 714 Wood Products and Processes - WOOD 10-12 .5 715 Advanced Wood Processes - WOOD 11-12 .5 716 Construction Technology - WOOD 11-12 .5 717 Cabinetmaking & Mill-working - WOOD 11-12 .5 720 Electromechanical Engineering Technology 10-12 .5 722 Graphic Processes I 10-12 .5 723 Graphic Processes II 10-12 .5 724 Multimedia Technology 11-12 .5 725 Video Production 10-12 .5

Safety Education Department

750/751 Safety Education 10 .25

16

Work Release

760 Work Release 12 0

Cyber Services

770 Consumer Math 11-12 1 771 Career and Technology A 11-12 .5 772 Career and Technology B 11-12 .5774 Environmental Science 11-12 1775 Art History 11-12 .5776 Introduction to Anthropology 11-12 .5 Other Electives with permission of the principal

SPECIAL EDUCATION DEPARTMENT

#016 Work Readiness Skills I 1/2 credit

Work Readiness I is a course in which students will review reading, writing, and math in the workplace. Students will be exploring career options and choices to begin a portfolio.

#017 Work Readiness Skills II 1/2 credit

Work Readiness II extends skills learned from Work Readiness I. Students will explore further and research career options to add to their portfolio. Students will also learn safety, customer service, and basic technology skills needed in the workplace.

#018 Work Readiness Skills III 1/2 credit

Work Readiness III will extend knowledge and skills from I, II for the workplace. In this course students will not only learn new skills and knowledge, but will be shown how to market these new skills to prospective employers, making it easier to get jobs.

#019 Work Readiness Skills IV 1/2 credit

Work Readiness IV extends all the skills learned from I, II and III. This course will continue the skills learned and build on teamwork and other professional skills necessary to become a highly qualified employee. This course expands skills by vocational training, (job shadowing), and/or possible work release for entry-level jobs.

17

FOREIGN LANGUAGE DEPARTMENT

The department believes that all students should have foreign language experience. Students can find enjoyment in language study; all students will not do advanced work. Students will gain from language study in proportion to the time and energy they devote to it.

Students will gradually acquire skills in listening, comprehending, speaking, reading, and writing and gain a new concept of language, theirs and other people’s. Students, through expanding and deepening knowledge of other countries, will achieve a better perspective of their own culture. Some students will be able to make vocational use of their linguistic ability, either immediately or through post secondary study. Students will understand travel and foreign study as opportunities to practice and refine their language skills, to learn about architecture, art, literature and music to become aware of social and cultural mores. They will realize, too, that they represent America abroad.

#101 French I 1 credit

French I is open to all interested students with differing interests and academic levels. Students will learn to speak French through various activities such as listening and repeating simple daily expressions. Additionally, students will be expected to actively participate in daily classroom discussions. Students will be expected to utilize learned concepts and apply them to new material. Through the use of visual materials, French culture, attitudes, and customs will be presented throughout the course.

#102 French II 1 credit

The course will begin with a review of the language skills learned in French I. All basic points of structure will be studied through dialogues and other passages, which will bring into use vocabulary, idiomatic expressions, and grammar. Throughout the year, selected phases of French civilization and customs will be discussed. Articles will give the students a brief overview of the development of France and its culture. Upon completion of the course, students will have knowledge of all basic skills. Audiovisual materials and Internet sources will be used to supplement the curriculum.

#106 Spanish I 1 credit

You will be given the opportunity to speak, write, and listen to basic patterns in vocabulary, grammar, sentence structure and other language specific concepts will be learned and used in class. You will be using sounds that are different from those in English and will be required to speak and listen in class every day. You will be required to do daily work since each section of work is based upon the previous one. Audiovisual materials will be used to supplement textbook materials. Hispanic culture and countries will be studied also in order to better understand the language.

#107 Spanish II 1 credit

You will be given the opportunity to speak, read, write, and listen to Spanish in the present, past, and future tenses. You will be required to speak on a higher level than the previous year. You will be exposed to more tenses, vocabulary, and expressions necessary to attain fluency as preparation for Spanish III, IV, or travel to a Spanish speaking country. You will also learn about Spanish customs, culture, and individuals that help us to understand other nationalities with which we associate. You will have a good knowledge of grammar, vocabulary, geography, and everyday expressions upon completion of the year. Many audio-visual materials will be used to supplement the textbook. Much of the second semester is conducted in Spanish.

#108 Spanish III 1 credit

18

There is a review of grammar and verb tenses throughout the text. The course consists mainly of daily discussion about literature, history, culture, and current events. Contemporary newspapers and magazines are used in class. Audiovisual materials will be used to supplement textbook work. Classes are conducted primarily in Spanish, but may use English to clarify, as students require.

#109 Spanish IV 1 credit

This course, which is conducted in Spanish, will include on going study of grammar and tenses, focusing on topics and areas of concentration, which the class will select. There is an emphasis on the history and geography of Spain at the beginning of the course, with a look at Hispanic cultures in the Americas yesterday and today.

Students will make speeches and write essays on historical or literary events. They will also read short novels and/or selections from the writing of these five world-renowned authors: Jorge Luis Borges, Frederico Garcia Lorca, Gabriel Garcia Marquez, Ana Maria Matute, and Miguel de Unamuno.

Through daily assignments and various supplemental materials from the Internet, Spanish television, videos, and magazines, students will gain a deeper appreciation of the Spanish people through a study of Hispanic culture. A focus on conversation and daily interaction in the Spanish language will allow students to acquire a higher level of oral proficiency by the end of the course.

ENGLISH DEPARTMENT

19

The English department provides students with a sequential variety of experiences that will help them understand how people communicate with each other.

Literature is taught as a written form of communication so that students may come to realize that reading can be an enjoyable and informative method of self-development.

Various experiences are presented in the uses of language so that students learn the values of communicating with and being communicated to by other people in the classroom, the home, and the world community.

Opportunities are offered for written and oral expressions to help students learn that language is an efficient and entertaining way to communicate.

Instruction is provided in language analysis so that students can discover some explanations for the ways that English operates.

The English department provides each individual with the ideas and information he or she needs to be able to cope with and participate in the oral and written processes of human communications.

#110 English 9 1 credit

In this course students will study sentence structure and grammar to improve speaking and writing skills. Work will also be done in spelling and vocabulary. Study of literature including short stories, a play, Romeo and Juliet, poetry, non-fiction and drama will improve reading skills while introducing many interesting people in real-life adventures. Students will also read the novel Where the Red Fern Grows. This course also offers a unit in classical Greek/Roman mythology. Also, four book reports are required during the school year. Writing will include essays in three modes: narrative, informative, and persuasive.

#111 Academic English 9 1 credit

English 9 Academic prepares the student for continuing academic work in high school and college. This course is for students who have developed strong reading skills. The literature book used in Academic English 9 focuses on a study of various literary genres: the short story, non-fiction, essay, poetry, and drama. It is supplemented with various novels and a text featuring Greek and Roman mythology. Students will also read William Shakespeare’s play, Romeo and Juliet, and a novel, Flowers for Algernon. Studies in these works help students to recognize the use of literary devices, parts of the plot, methods of characterization, and theme. Students also learn the narrative points of view and ways to identify setting. Composition requirements include creative writing, poetry, well-organized paragraphs, essays (narrative, informative and persuasive) and two book reports. Students who choose to take Academic English 9 must be willing to do homework on a daily basis to succeed.


A required course, English 10 helps the student to improve his or her spelling, vocabulary, sentence structure, paragraph writing, and grammar. This course also offers the study of American literature from 1607 to 1900, including author biographies, short stories, poems, and essays. Students will select three novels to read for book reports. Students will also read classic American novels such as Mark Twain’s The Adventures of Tom Sawyer, Shane, and Sounder.


20

Prerequisite – Academic English 9

Would you like to know more about the Salem Witch Trials or the gentle rebels like Henry David Thoreau who instigated our twentieth century non-violent protests? Would you like to find out more about the strange Mr. Poe and his psychological literature of horror and suspense? Would you be interested in reading some of the best literature America ever produced? You can do this and much more in Academic English 10.

In this course you will read American literature from its beginnings to 1875 and learn to understand, interpret, and comment on what you’ve read, both orally and in well-organized compositions. You will also read two classic American novels, Willa Cather’s Pioneers! and Mark Twain’s Huckleberry Finn.

Composition in Academic English 10 focuses on longer, analytic papers that blend reference materials utilizing proper citation form.


English 11 will help you to improve many of the language skills used in daily life. You will spend time learning to write effectively, and you will try to improve your vocabulary, grammar and usage skills, sentence and paragraph structures, and reading comprehension. The literature part of the course includes a sampling of British short fiction, short novels, poetry, nonfiction, and drama dealing with universal themes such as resolving conflict, facing challenges, identifying truth, celebrating differences, taking responsibilities, making choices, and exploring relationships. You will read some Shakespeare, as well as two novels from a list that includes Lord of the Flies, Night, Hound of the Baskervilles, and Animal Farm.

This course also includes work-related verbal communication skills such as speaking persuasively, managing conflict, listening actively, and making proper introductions. Students will also gain practice-writing essays in three modes: narrative, informative, and persuasive.


Prerequisite – Academic English 10

In this one-year course for academic students, you can start on the road to being all that you can be. You will devote time to learning the steps in composition to aid you in writing good themes and essays. You will be polishing your grammar and usage skills. This course is for those motivated students who are preparing to go on to college and for those who want to step into the world of educated speakers, writers, and readers.

In literature, you will be doing a survey of British literature from its beginnings to the present. You will be going to your roots, the home country that has inspired much of American literature, and discovering more about writers of novels, short stories, plays, and poems, many of which you have known for years. You will find out more about Charles Dickens and his Tale of Two Cities; Charlotte Bronte’s Jane Eyre; The Man in the Iron Mask; Shakespeare’s Macbeth and his tryst with three witches; Beowulf, the super hero of the Anglo-Saxons; The Romantic Poets including Coleridge’s The Rime of the Ancient Mariner; British history as reflected in literature; You will also read Night, a non-fiction story of a Holocaust survivor and more.


21

This is a one-year English course designed for the twelfth grade student who is seeking employment or making plans to enter a post-graduate technical or business school. The course focuses on the use of English and communication skills, such as speaking, listening, and writing, as they apply to everyday on-the-job experiences, challenging the student to develop, enhance, and apply these skills. Students will also learn to develop quality resumes as part of the course’s career focus. Utilizing the latest technology and current media resources, seniors will explore gathering news on the Internet and comparing its quality to a top city newspaper.

The literature part of the course includes a sampling of recent American fiction. Aside from reading various short stories and poetry, the students will read two novels from the following list: a tense, racially charged court room drama, To Kill a Mockingbird; the classic outdoor challenges of White Fang and Call of the Wild; and Steinbeck’s Of Mice and Men and The Grapes of Wrath.


Prerequisite: Academic English 11

Academic English 12 enables you to become the kind of young man or woman that colleges are seeking. Through a yearlong exposure to reading, analyzing, and interpreting American literature, you will expand your abilities and your horizons.

Among the areas of personal growth and development that you will encounter include a variety of compositions requiring analytical thinking and interpretation as well as a variety of research methods. Learning the skills involved in college level research paper writing, using electronic as well as library resources will help you adjust to and survive college English courses.

In addition to composing your own writings, you will have the opportunity to explore the works of worthwhile and influential short story writers, dramatist, poets, and novelists. Your study of American literature from the turn of the century to the present day will equip you with ideas that will challenge your own attitudes toward life. Small group work provides a change to delve into the multiple layers of the classic literature being studied as well as a change to share ideas with others. Moreover, you will better understand some of the people who have shaped our modern world. Novel choices include The Great Gatsby, The Grapes of Wrath, A Farewell to Arms, and Winesburg, Ohio.

#143 Advanced Placement English 12 1 credit*Enrollment in this class requires special permission from parents and faculty.

Advanced Placement English 12 is a course for selected seniors who want to use their time not only to develop essential skills in communication but also to earn college credit for work completed during high school. Through intensive training in reading, understanding and reacting to classical literature as well as through the writing of numerous scholarly essays and research papers, students will learn more about the demands of college-level work. Moreover, interested class members will be able to take a standardized national examination at the end of the year, which, if successfully completed, can lead to college credits in English. Hundreds of leading universities and colleges throughout the country accept Advanced Placement English grades.

Advanced Placement students will bypass regular Academic English class so they can devote more time to mastering the skills involved in this demanding but rewarding course. AP English 12 covers all the material included in the regular Academic English 12 course and much more. Students may even be asked to do some summer reading. Reading for this course will include both American and World literature, including novels, poetry, short stories, and nonfiction. Upon completion of the class, all students will be required to take the AP exam. The district will cover the cost of the exam for all students.

#144 Speech 1/2 creditThis course is designed to develop students’ abilities in public speaking through critical thinking processes of research, preparation, practice, and feedback. The primary commitment of this course is to

22

provide the student with various opportunities to practice and receive feedback on public speaking skills. This is a performance-based course that will expect students to engage in several public speaking events. Students will also participate in providing feedback on other speeches based on critical listening skills.

#145 Writing Workshop 1/2 creditThis is an elective course open to juniors and seniors. The major emphasis of the course will be on developing the students’ own skills in writing of various types. Under the headings of the four modes of discourse (description, exposition, narration, and persuasion), students may write characterizations, criticism, stories, essays of opinion, and more. The class will consider examples of good writing in current magazines, books, and newspaper as models. Stress will be placed on style, diction or word choice, and mechanics of grammar to make writing more effective. Students will be required to read, correct, and evaluate the work of others in class in some units.

#146 Humanities I: Ancient Greece to the Renaissance 1/2 creditHumanities I is an elective open to sophomores, juniors, and seniors. It is an excellent course for anyone who wants to be better prepared to appreciate all of the humanities that fill our lives: literature and movies, art and architecture, history and psychology, and so much more. Students complete selected readings related to the Greek, Roman, Medieval, and Renaissance Eras. The class is especially good preparation for those who will be facing a college humanities elective before long. Many classes are open discussions in which students are encouraged to express their opinions about questions raised by writers and creators in various cultures over the ages. Student interest will help shape the course. Other classes are reserved for activities, which allow students to take an active part in some area of humanities, to be an evaluator and even a creator! This course enables its members to unleash their creativity and to explore issues and ideas. Humanities I enhances the knowledge of the fine arts, explores some of the most interesting areas of cultures of the past, and enriches the mind with literature not found in any other high school class.

#147 Humanities II: The Enlightenment to Present Day 1/2 creditOpen to sophomores, juniors, and seniors, Humanities II is a continuation of Humanities I. Humanities I is NOT a prerequisite for Humanities II. The class picks up where Humanities I ends. Group discussions, class projects, and selected readings focus on the eras of Romanticism, Realism, Modern Contemporary World Literature, and much, much more. Mini units on various cultures, such as Indian, Chinese, Japanese, Persian, Arabic, Mesopotamian, and African, will be visited. Humanities II, like its sister course, lets you experience learning new and exciting information not found anywhere else in the high school curriculum.

#148 Dramatics 1/2 credit In Dramatics, students will explore the wonders of the stage. They will examine key figures and periods of theater and the roles they play culturally in the world. They will learn acting basics, which will increase theater/communication skills through various activities including, but not limited to, improvisation, monologues, and audition skills. They will learn theater vocabulary. They will be introduced to all aspects of play production, including theater safety, scenery construction techniques, set design, lighting design, costume construction and basic sewing techniques, stage makeup, sound design, scenic painting, and stage management. In addition, students will acquire 21st century learning skills such as collaboration, cooperation, creativity, organization, technical fluency, and problem solving.#149 Journalism 1/2 creditJournalism is an elective open to juniors and seniors interested in working on the school paper. This course has a free-form, workshop atmosphere wherein traditional homework, textbooks and tests are, for the most part, put aside so that students may devote their energies to considering, researching, and writing articles for The Shadow, our school newspaper. A prerequisite for the course is that the student

23

be able to demonstrate good writing skills and use grammar effectively since this course takes the student beyond the basics taught in the regular English class. It is recommended that only students currently taking Academic English sign up for this course.

Being a member of The Shadow staff will permit the student to write sports, features, school news items, editorials, entertainment selections, and even some poetry or creative writing pieces. The work is rewarding and fun, but sometimes the student will be asked to “go the extra mile” in order to get the job done. Students must be willing to work during activity period and after school at times. Students also learn to elicit, plan, and compose a display advertisement, determine pricing of ad units, and manage billing of display ad customers.

Journalism meets five times a week for one semester. Class time is devoted to individual and group brainstorming, writing, editing, rewriting, word processing, and pasting of newspaper layout sheets. Students also advertise and sell the paper. Students will also write news articles to appear in the local newspaper, The Spirit.

#150 Network Journalism 1/2 creditPrerequisites – 85% up in English 9, 10

“Network Journalism” is a course devoted to the growth and upkeep of the Punxsutawney Area School District’s internet web site, and the way the public not only views our district’s public face, but also in the way the public may gain access to information about our activities and student life.

During the course, students will report on all sports, clubs, and student activities, especially at the high school. Imagine each sport, each club, each student government activity having its own up to date web site, replete with photos, rosters and calendars. Students in the course will learn to interview, gather information, organize it, write about it, edit it down in a journalistic fashion, and present it in a timely manner, all while mastering the additional challenges of layout, visual presentation, photography, internet upload, and all the accompanying technical skills needed.

Students will be graded on the punctuality of their work, the quality of their work, the responsibility of managing the gathering, organizing and presenting their respective assignments, and they will be further graded on working in groups.

MATHEMATICS DEPARTMENT

Instruction at any level should make mathematics meaningful to each student and help him/her approach the highest level of his/her ability. We must continue to advance our mathematics program to keep our

24

students abreast of the changing times. The program provides for the academic, vocational, and cultural needs of the student.

Mathematics Course Sequence Suggestions Option I: Math (8), Pre Algebra (9), Algebra I (10), Algebra Lab (10), Geometry (11), Geometry Lab (11), Algebra II – if additional math credit is needed (12)

Option Il: Pre Algebra (8), Academic Algebra I or Algebra I (9), Academic Geometry or Geometry (10), Academic Algebra II or Algebra II (11), Transition to College Math (12) or Trigonometry / Algebra III (12)

Option III: Academic Algebra I (8), Academic Geometry (9), Academic Algebra II (10), Trigonometry / Algebra III (11), AP Calculus (12) or Calculus (12) or Intro to Calculus along with Probability & Statistics (12)

All Students should follow one of the above options. Additional electives, such as Surveying and / or Probability & Statistics, may be scheduled under Option III provided that all prerequisite requirements have been met.

#201 Pre-Algebra 1 credit

Pre-Algebra is a course designed to teach basic algebra topics and applications and prepare students for Algebra l. The course includes an extensive use of fundamental arithmetic concepts and skills, including problem solving with positive numbers, negative numbers, fractions, decimals, percents, exponents, ratios, and proportions. Also included are algebraic topics such as factoring, simplifying, and evaluating expressions, solving and graphing equations and inequalities, and using correct order-of-operations. Finally, this course includes a unit on interpreting data and graphs, and a unit on probability, predictions, and statistics

#205 Algebra l 1 credit

Prerequisite – Pre-Algebra

Real world applications of linear equations and functions are the major focus of Algebra I. Students will operate with real numbers and simplify expressions. They will write, solve and graph linear equations and inequalities. Students will examine concepts in probability and statistics as well as gain exposure to basic operations with polynomials.

#206/207 Algebra l Lab ¼ or ½ credit

Teacher Placement Only

25

The Algebra l Lab will re-teach and review the objectives taught in Algebra l. Students will be given assistance with homework assignments and supplementary material to improve basic skills

#210 Academic Algebra I 1 credit

Prerequisite - Pre-Algebra

Working with linear equations and functions in depth is the major focus of Academic Algebra l. Students will operate with real numbers and simplify expressions. They will write, solve and graph linear equations and inequalities as well as systems of equations and inequalities. Students will apply concepts of probability and statistics to real world applications, and they will factor and solve quadratic functions.

#215 Geometry 1 credit

Prerequisite - Algebra I

Through individual pacing and group instructions, the one-year course will focus on the key topics that provide a strong foundation in the essentials of geometry. Topics include basics of geometry, segments and angles, parallel and perpendicular lines, triangle relationships, congruent triangles, quadrilaterals, similarity, polygons and area, surface area and volume, right triangles and trigonometry and circles.

#216/217 Geometry Lab ¼ or ½ credit

Teacher Placement Only

The Geometry Lab will re-teach and review the objectives taught in Geometry. Students will be given assistance with homework assignments and supplementary material will be used to improve basic skills.

#220 Academic Geometry 1 credit

Prerequisite – Algebra l Academic

The Geometry course includes an in-depth analysis of plane, solid, and coordinate geometry as they relate to both abstract mathematical concepts as well as real-world problem situations. Topics include logic and proof, parallel lines, polygons, perimeter and area analysis, volume and surface area analysis, similarity and congruence, trigonometry, and analytic geometry. Emphasis will be placed on developing critical thinking skills as they relate to logical reasoning and argument. Students will be required to use different technological tools and manipulatives to discover and explain much of the course content.

#225 Algebra II 1 credit

Prerequisites – Algebra l & Geometry

In this full year course you will review the concepts of Algebra l through real numbers and extend the number system to include complex numbers. The solutions of equations are stressed throughout the course, including linear, quadratic, and systems of equations. Fundamental concepts of logarithms, functions, and data analysis will be included in this course. This course is recommended for those students who have had Algebra l.#226/227 Algebra II Lab (begins 2013-2014) ¼ or ½ credit Teacher Placement Only

26

The Algebra II Lab will re-teach and review the objectives taught in Algebra II. Students will be given assistance with homework assignments and supplementary material will be used to improve basic skills.

#230 Academic Algebra ll 1 credit

Prerequisites – Academic Algebra l and *Academic Geometry and must have passed Keystone Exam for Algebra l

In this full year course you will review the concepts of Algebra I through real numbers and extend the number system to include complex numbers. The solutions of equations are stressed throughout the course, including linear, quadratic, and systems of equations. Fundamental concepts of logarithms, functions, and data analysis will be included in this course. This course is recommended for those students who have passed Algebra I with a B average or better. We will explore more areas of Algebra ll and move at a faster pace than the standard course.

* It is possible to take Academic Algebra ll and Academic Geometry concurrently with teacher permission.

#240 Trigonometry 1/2 credit

(Fall semester only) Prerequisite - Algebra II and Geometry

In Trigonometry you will study the six trigonometric functions to solve problems involving triangles, to prove identities, and to solve trigonometric equations. Exponential and logarithmic functions will also be studied.

#241 Algebra III 1/2 credit

(Spring semester only) Prerequisite – Trigonometry

In Algebra III the students will review and extend their knowledge of algebra in the study of our number system, algebraic operations and proofs, polynomial equations, inequalities, and functions. Also included is the study of analytic geometry, trigonometry, and advanced algebraic concepts that have real-world applications.

#242 Surveying 1/2 credit

Prerequisite - Trigonometry or Academic Algebra ll

Surveying is for the students who have an interest in field work, careers in engineering and application of measurements in mathematics. You will use and care for instruments outside the classroom by measuring and recording angles using a transit, theodolite, and measuring linear distances using tapes, and topographic maps. Students will gather field data and use trigonometry, geometry and algebraic procedures to check precision and accuracy.

#243 Probability and Statistics 1/2 credit

Prerequisite – Academic Algebra II

Probability and Statistics will develop in the student an understanding of the role of statistics in our society. The topics covered will include data display and organizations, measures of central tendency

27

and dispersion, regression, permutations, combinations, probability, conditional probability, probability distributions and sampling. Topics in analysis and hypotheses testing will be studied as time permits. This course will be helpful to those who plan to study in the fields of education, business, social science, mathematics, biology, and psychology.

#244 Transition to College Mathematics 1 credit

Prerequisite - Geometry or Algebra II

Transition to College mathematics is a full year course for 12th grade students who plan to go to college and would like to improve their Algebra and Geometry skills. Students will also be introduced to fundamental concepts in Trigonometry and Probability & Statistics. This course will help prepare a student to begin college in an entry-level mathematics course rather than a non-credit course.

#245 Introduction to Calculus 1/2 credit

(Fall Semester only) Prerequisite – Trigonometry and Algebra III

This course is designed for those students who wish to gain an understanding of the fundamental concepts of calculus. Students will be introduced to the concepts of limits, derivatives and integrals along with applications as time permits. The purpose is to prepare students with the foundations of calculus so that they may enter college calculus on a competitive basis.

#246 Calculus 1 credit

Prerequisite – Trigonometry and Algebra III

This course is designed for those students who plan to take calculus at the college level. Students will learn about limits, derivatives, and integrals along with their applications. Topics covered will be similar to those covered in a first semester college calculus course.

#247 Advanced Placement Calculus 1 credit

Prerequisite – Trigonometry and Algebra III

Advanced Placement Calculus will be on the level of a first semester college calculus course. Emphasis will be placed upon preparation for the National Advanced Placement Test. Students with sufficiently high scores on this test may be awarded credit at many colleges and universities.

Upon completion of the class, all students will be required to take the AP exam. The district will cover the cost of the exam for all students.

#250 Computer Mathematics I 1/2 credit

Prerequisite – Algebra I Computer Mathematics I is a course designed to teach computational and logical thinking and basic computer programming skills. Students will use BASIC and Q-Basic computer languages to solve problems and design simple computer programs. Computational strategies will focus on decision structures, loops, logic gates, flow charts and functions.

28

#251 Computer Mathematics II 1/2 credit

Prerequisite – Computer Mathematics I

Computer Mathematics II is a course designed to expand students’ computer programming skills, using BASIC, Q-Basic, and C++ computer languages. Additional computational strategies will also be introduced, including the use of arrays, matrices, databases, graphics, and sound.

SCIENCE DEPARTMENT

The Science department believes our program will prepare students for active participation in our scientific and technological society. Emphasis is being placed upon the process of scientific inquiry by students, so they can discover and interpret scientific knowledge, develop desirable attitudes, interest, and appreciation related to science.

29

Science Course Sequence Suggestions

Option I: Biology (9); Chemistry (10); Physical Science (11); Science for Living (12).

Option II: Academic Biology (9); Academic Chemistry (10); Academic Physics (11); Biology Connections (11-12) or AP Biology (11-12) or AP Chemistry (11-12) or Anatomy and Physiology (11-12).

#310 Biology 1 creditBiology is offered primarily to students in the standard course of study in our school system and should be taken during the freshman year. Major areas of study include ecology, the cell, genetics, classification, and the diversity of life.

#311 Academic Biology 1 1/2 credits

Prerequisite - It is highly recommended that ninth grade students taking Academic Biology pass Academic Earth Science in 8th grade with a 90% or higher.

Academic Biology prepares the student for college biology. The emphasis in Academic Biology is placed on the use of scientific equipment and the collection and analyzing of scientific data. Major areas of study include detailed microscopic work, dissections, presentation of scientific materials, biodiversity, living chemistry, structure and function of life, and ecology. The aim has been to make the course research and laboratory based. Two double periods of laboratory work each week enable each student to complete over sixty laboratory exercises.

#320 Chemistry 1 credit

This course is for students who do not intend to major in a scientific field, but still have an interest in learning some chemical concepts and application. It will cover topics such as gas laws, atomic structure, chemical nomenclature, and chemical bonding. Chemistry should be taken during the sophomore year.

#321 Academic Chemistry 1 1/2 credits

If you like to experiment, this course may be for you! You’ll do as many as two experiments per week with such things as ammonia, solutions, metals, and gases. You must learn about basic concepts such as atomic structure and chemical bonding. Also, you should have a good math background, especially in Algebra I, to solve numerous problems dealing with chemical weights and concentrations, and to balance equations for reactions. You will need 9 periods per cycle to schedule Academic Chemistry. It’s a must for future nurses, doctors, lab technicians, engineers, pharmacists, scientists, and most everyone planning to attend college.

30

#330 Physical Science 1 credit This introductory physical science class integrates physics, Earth science, space science, and applied mathematics. The class emphasizes the connections between these subjects and cross-disciplinary applications, and helps students think analytically, like scientists. Physical Science should be taken during the junior year.

#331 Academic Physics 1 1/2 credits

Prerequisite - It is recommended that each enrolling student has taken at least Algebra I and Trigonometry, or is taking Trigonometry during the course. Academic Physics should be taken during the junior year.

As the world becomes more and more dependent on science and technology, students should acquire more knowledge of science and technology. The aim in Physics is to present basic concepts of science such as mechanics, thermodynamics, vibration and wave phenomena, optics, electromagnetism, relativity, and quantum mechanics. This is done through classroom discussion and laboratory experiments.

#339 Anatomy and Physiology 1 credit with ½ year option

Prerequisites – Academic Biology, Academic Chemistry and Physics

This course will provide the students with a detailed understanding of the structure and functions of the human body. All of the major organ systems will be studied as well as an in-depth investigation of the cells and tissues.

#340 Science for Living 1 credit

Science for living emphasizes the study of science and the use of decision-making skills. Emphasis is placed on energy transfer in the ecosystem and real world applications such as, air and water as resources, properties of natural materials, petroleum and other energy sources, biomes and climate, land use, and selected environmental issues.

#341 Biology Connections 1 credit

This course examines the numerous connections among organisms and nonliving factors in biology. Major areas of study include scientific principles and concepts, biological systems, biomes, biological issues at local, national, and global levels. Students will participate in field activities and labs to gain hand on experience with biological studies, as well as, conduct research on biological topics.

This course is not recommended for students who have completed AP Biology. Students should have completed a Biology, a Chemistry, and a Physics course before enrollment.#342 Advanced Placement Biology 1 1/2 credit

Advanced Placement Biology provides students with an extensive biology background so they can be competitive at the college level. Advanced Placement Biology offers challenges for in-depth learning in classroom and laboratory experiences since this course is the equivalent of a first-year college class. AP Biology has been particularly designed for selected students who have successfully completed both Academic Biology and Academic Chemistry and have an average of 90 or higher.

31

The course will meet 9 periods each cycle. Enrollment in AP Biology requires special permission from parents/guardians as well as from the science faculty. Students will be expected to do assigned reading in the summer prior to taking this class. A college level text and tests will be used throughout the course.


#343 Advanced Placement Chemistry 1 1/2 credit

Advanced Placement Chemistry is designed to be the equivalent of the general chemistry course usually taken during the first year of college. The course is to be taken only after the successful completion of Academic Chemistry with at least a 90 average and recommendation of the science faculty. Physics is strongly recommended. Students must have scored 1000 or better on the SAT or PSAT. The advanced placement course uses a college textbook and covers more topics than Academic Chemistry with an emphasis on chemical calculations, the mathematical formulation of chemical principals, and extensive laboratory work. It enables some students to obtain college credits in chemistry at the high school level if they successfully pass a written examination. It is recommended students complete Algebra II prior to enrolling in Advanced Placement Chemistry.


SOCIAL STUDIES DEPARTMENT

The Social Studies department is fulfilling the mission statement of the Punxsutawney Area School District by providing the students with the opportunities to become both “productive and responsible citizens”. The department recognizes that students have individual needs, abilities, and interests; therefore, the Social Studies curriculum offers a variety of courses.

32

The Social Studies offerings are based on the belief that our democratic society depends on citizens who can make rational decisions in a rapidly changing culture.

#401 American History II 1 credit

American History II will trace the events that have brought the United States from a second-class power to one of the leaders of the world. This leadership began at the end of World War I and proceeded to the present. What created this leadership? Was it industry, big business, or government policies? What factors have created the way of life for the American people? American History will provide answers to these questions.

#402 World Cultures 1 credit

This course covers an explanation of major themes, milestones, and debates in the history of the world since 1300. Using examples from around the world, the course will explore such issues as the causes of war and revolution; the impact of religion, science and technology on human communities; the development of global systems of slavery, colonialism, industrialization, and imperialism; the rise of nationalism; and perceived differences between the “East” and “West”, and “tradition” and “modernity”. This course is dedicated to the view that people make history: they respond to events according to their perception of reality, and their responses help shape the course of succeeding events.

#403 Economics 1/2 credit

This required course will enable students to have an essential set of reasoning and decision making skills necessary for surviving and thriving in a changing competitive global economy. Students will analyze and evaluate the concepts of our Economic Policies. They will learn about the US monetary policy, and how the role of government and its international monetary policy affects the US economically. This course will be a half credit that will be designed to address the Pennsylvania State Economics Standards.

#404 Civics 1/2 credit

This required course will emphasize a study of government and individual rights and responsibilities. Civic education is essential for active participation by informed citizens. Examination of rules and laws and the need for authority is crucial to maintaining a safe society for diverse individuals and groups. Civic understanding increases a student’s skills to make informed decisions, to resolve conflicts peacefully to articulate and defend positions, and to engage in the civic and political life of the community.

#427 Criminal Justice 1/2 credit

The Criminal Justice Course is designed to give the student a better understanding of the broad field of justice including police work, investigative techniques, types of crimes, misdemeanors and felonies, the court system, as well as your rights as a victim and the accused. The course will also discuss the trial system and the correction system.#428 Introduction to Psychology 1/2 credit

This course introduces the field of psychology and its basic concepts, theories, research methods, and contributions to the understanding of human behavior. Topics include the nervous system, perception, motivation, learning and memory, social behavior, personality, developmental, and clinical psychology. The past and current theories and contributions of major psychologists are explored.

33

#429 Sociology 1/2 credit

Like history and geography, sociology is considered a social science. Of the “family” of sciences, history is the oldest and sociology the youngest member. This science covers many of man’s activities at work and at play, as a member of his family, his church, and his community. Therefore, sociology treats human beings as social creatures and deals with human group relations. How are groups formed? Why do they behave like they do?

#442 Advanced Placement US History 1 credit

The purpose of the course is to provide students with an intense study of United States History from Asian Migration to the present. Students will examine and use both primary and secondary sources, enhance research skills, and use verbal and written communications. In the course, students will identify and evaluate the social, political, and economic problems of American society.


#443 Advanced Placement European History 1 credit

Advanced Placement European History is an analysis of European society as a result of the changes that occurred from the Renaissance and Reformation. In this course the student will identify and evaluate the social, political and economic problems that existed from the 15th century to the present, examine the ideologies and upheavals that stirred Nationalism, analyze the causes and effects of events that had an impact in the twentieth century, and identify the numerous people and civilizations that made a contribution to Western society for the past 700 years.


PHYSICAL EDUCATION DEPARTMENT

The Physical Education Department provides each student an opportunity to participate in activities that will improve fitness and coordination levels. This will be achieved through activities that develop sportsmanship, positive self-esteem, balance, cardiovascular endurance, flexibility, muscular strength, and muscular endurance. The department enables the individuals to participate in team sports and individual sports, as well as strength training and cardiovascular exercises.

34

The Health Education program will better enable the student to more effectively function in today’s environment through the study of past and present health concepts in relation to one’s interests, needs, and desires.

#500/501 Physical Education 9th Grade Girls 1/2 credit

#502/503 Physical Education 9th Grade Boys 1/2 credit

The students are given the basic fundamentals of individual and team sports through skill training and competition. They also participate in activities that will help develop overall fitness. The importance of exercise, in relation to their body developments, is stressed through various conditioning activities.

#504/505 Lifetime Sports, Games, & Activities / Girls 1/2 credit(10th, 11th, and 12th grade)

#514/515 Lifetime Sports, Games, & Activities / Boys 1/2 credit(10th, 11th, and 12th grade)

The emphasis of this course is on the development and reinforcement of behaviors that contribute to optimum health and fitness throughout life. The sports component of this course is designed for students of all physical ability, fitness, and competitive levels. Students will explore and develop an understanding of the nature of sports, while enhancing positive teamwork and sportsmanship skills.

#506/507 Wellness & Fitness for Life / Girls 1/2 credit(10th, 11th, and 12th grade)

#516/517 Wellness and Fitness for Life / Boys 1/2 credit(10th, 11th, and 12th grade)

This course is designed to help students better understand health issues facing them today and to develop a plan to improve fitness now and in their future. Students will participate in activities designed to improve all components of fitness and wellness. Cultural expectations, personal motivation, and carefully monitored fitness levels will combine to make this course personally meaningful. This course will emphasize personal improvement, and the intensity will increase with increased fitness levels.

#508/509 Competitive Team Sports / Girls 1/2 credit(10th, 11th, and 12th grade)

#518/519 Competitive Team Sports / Boys 1/2 credit

(10th, 11th, and 12th grade)

35

This course is designed to comprehensively structure team game activities. This course may include ultimate Frisbee, soccer, team handball, basketball, volleyball, hockey, lacrosse, flag football, and others. Course work will include rules, drills, strategies, and sport-specific physical conditioning exercises. Students will not only participate in game play, but will gain techniques and strategies through teaching and practice to become proficient at each sport.

#510/511 Conditioning & Strength Training / Girls 1/2 credit(10th, 11th, and 12th grade)

#520/521 Conditioning & Strength Training /Boys 1/2 credit(10th, 11th, and 12th grade)

Conditioning and strength goals will be met through active participation in various activities. These will include functional, core, and isometric training. Proper usage of free weights and the universal gym will also be included. Cardiovascular conditioning will be achieved through such activities as running, jump rope, stationary bikes, steppers and small group games. Cognitive techniques, including determination of target heart rate, and usage of computerized consoles on stationary bikes and treadmills will also be instructed.

#522 Health 1/2 credit

This is a personal living course, focusing on attaining a level of achievement in wellness. The physical, emotional, mental, spiritual, and social development of the individual will be addressed.

#523 Introduction to Sports Medicine 1/2 credit

In this course students will gain an overview of the basics of athletic training, including the care, prevention, management, treatment, and rehabilitation of athletic injuries. This course will also instruct students in basic anatomy, physiology, and kinesiology concerning athletic injuries. Instruction in basic first aid and emergency care will be given as well as demonstrations of appropriate taping, wrapping, and bracing techniques for athletic injuries.

#524 Personal Health and Fitness 1/2 credit

This elective course will teach students about nutrition, exercise techniques, and the major health issues facing our nation today. The course will consist of both classroom information and exercise labs. Three days will be spent in the classroom and 2 days will be spent practicing exercise techniques. An emphasis will be placed on lifetime fitness. This class is an elective that can be taken in addition to the regular health class, it is not a replacement.

ART DEPARTMENT

Art education, as an integral part of the general education program of the Punxsutawney Area High School, contributes to the development of a well-integrated, cultured, and expressive individual.

The end product of exposure in the art program should be:

36

1. Individuals who will be able to use their leisure time for meaningful personal expression of their world through a variety of art media.

2. Individuals who will be prepared to make choices with career opportunities in the visual arts.

3. Individuals who can contribute creative and imaginative ideas to the improvement of society and the world.

4. Individuals with discriminating tastes and interests from an understanding of visual organization skills.

5. Individuals who have a sense of the uniqueness of a person and the artistic contributions of people through time.

#601 Art 1 credit

The Art I class is for students who are excited about their own unique means of expression in art. It is designed to introduce the student to basic art techniques and creative visual thinking. Some experimentation with familiar and new materials is encouraged.

Students can expect a studio atmosphere which includes discussions, demonstrations and working time to produce original art. Brief studies of notable artists relate to concepts students use in their own work. Techniques in drawing, water-based painting, printmaking and sculpture are introduced. There is a unit of study on masks as an art form in history. Visual references will relate to the students’ natural and man-made environment.

#602 Art II 1 credit

The Art class is for students who enjoyed expressing their ideas through art materials and who desire to develop more skills and techniques in art experiences. The studio units will take you deeper into the understanding and use of basic art concepts. More attention will be placed on helping you to be more personal and creative in your visual thinking with a verity of art media. The face is the subject for several assignments. Acrylic painting, pencil and mixed media drawing sculpture and paint making are some of the areas covered in Art ll.

#603 Art III 1 credit

Art III is a continuation of the serious exploration of ideas and feelings by the student in the visual arts. It is an advanced course for 11th and 12th grade students who successfully meet the requirements of Art I and Art II with an average of 85%.

Your own individual style of art expression is permitted to develop as you select from new art media and processes and work more independently. Figure drawing, painting, sculpture, printmaking and graphic design are among those experiences developed at an advanced level. The computer will continue as a tool for research, design and creative expression.

#604 Art IV 1 credit

Art IV is an advanced, independent - study course for students who successfully meet the requirements of the Art III class with an average of 85%, have a strong desire to create original art, and are capable of working independently. Students are recommended by their Art III instructor. Students in Art IV plan their own program of art experiences in the following areas: painting, drawing/printmaking, 3-dimensional

37

design or commercial art. They may creatively explore new art areas or work in greater depth of skill and understanding in those areas of art that have been experienced in previous years.

#605 Art Appreciation 1/2 credit

This class in art will take a semester to look at art in many styles from different times in history and discuss “When is it art?”, “Why is it art?” and “What is it saying?” in relation to the artists’ time. Such familiar art forms as painting, sculpture, architecture and crafts of different cultures and the Punxsutawney area are examined through informal presentations with slides, filmstrips and videos. Influences on the design of cars, homes, tools, clothing, advertising, etc. are explored.

#606 Crafts 1/2 credit

The Crafts course in an introductory level course which meets for ½ of the year. This course is open to all students and all levels. Art I is a recommended prerequisite (but not required). Functional as well as decorative work will be created with the incorporation of some design fundamentals. A choice of possible crafts experiences will be selected from, but not limited to: weaving, stained glass, enameling, and jewelry.

#608 Creative Clay I 1/2 credit

The Creative Clay course is a semester class that emphasizes creative design for hand-built clay forms. The student will explore pinch, slab and coil methods of form building and complete them with techniques of surface treatment and glazing.

#609 Creative Clay II 1/2 credit

This advanced course is for students who have earned 80% or more in Creative Clay I and would like to build upon their acquired skills. In this semester class students will develop a series of original clay pieces using their choice of hand building and surface treatment techniques. In addition each student will have an extended period of time on the potter’s wheel to create another series of work. Students may elect to explore sculptural or functional forms, different glazing ideas, or firing techniques.

#610 Digital Photography 1/2 credit

In this semester course students will have the use of a digital camera to record the images in their lives that fulfill given assignments such as landscape, portrait, still life and action. They become familiar with the camera controls and how to adjust them to take better quality photographs. Students will learn how to “find” good composition and how to employ photo shop technology in order to refine an image and make a stronger statement. Finally students will learn how to create a mat presentation for exhibit and portfolio.

MUSIC DEPARTMENT

Music should be taught to develop the cultural aspects of music as an art and as a means of recreation, relaxation, and self-gratification. Students should be encouraged to achieve their highest potential in various realms of music such as listening, performing, and understanding. Participation in these musical activities develops cooperation, responsibility, personal satisfaction, and provides a means to social interaction. If we are to give our youth a true education, we must offer them a “Balanced” program to include humanities along with science, mathematics, and foreign languages.

38

#620 Band 1 credit

Students are given the opportunity to perform music of the past and present, both original band music and transcriptions. They also have opportunities to perform at athletic events, parades, school and community functions, and festivals both within and outside Pennsylvania. Emphasis is placed on the performance of high quality band literature specific to the ability of the group as determined by the conductor. All band students must participate in marching band.

#621/622 Chorus 1/2 or 1 credit

Students are given an opportunity to learn Choral techniques. They will have the opportunity to perform various types of music, including folk, popular and classical as well as to perform different styles of choral music. They also have opportunities to perform at school and community functions, and festivals both within and outside Pennsylvania. Emphasis is placed on the performance of high quality choral literature specific to the ability of the group as determined by the director.

#623 Honors Chorus 1 credit

Prerequisites – At least one year of high school chorus & recommendation by teacher

Students will be exposed to and perform a wide variety of choral literature. Music from many time periods and styles will be discussed and performed. Sight-singing (fixed and moveable do) and solfege symbols will be covered in depth and used in the classroom on a daily basis. Students will study music in several different languages and learn about the basic diction rules and singing in each language. Students will perform in at least two public concerts per school year. Students will be expected to rehearse music outside of the classroom so that rehearsal time can be used for working with the entire group. Students must be willing, and will be encouraged, to sing in several different styles to which they may not be accustomed. The pace of the course will be very rapid. Students will cover a large amount of music each semester. Students will be graded on class performance tests, singing tests, music vocabulary tests, music memorization, and public performances. Students will also listen to several choral/solo performances each week and will be expected to participate in class during in-depth analysis and discussions of various compositions/composers and styles. The student should be able to read music, and will learn more advanced reading (solfege) throughout the course.

#624 Musical Theater Workshop 1 credit

Students enrolled in the course will be exposed and introduced to all aspects of musical theater. Course classes will be a mixture of lecture and performance. Students will work on performing on stage both as individuals and in groups. Students will be introduced to and work with all topics included in the course description. Students will work on monologues/dialogues, acting, singing, and dancing so that by the

39

conclusion of the course they will be prepared for a musical theater audition. An informal showcase of performances will be held at the end of the semester so that student may perform for friends and family. All students will be required to perform either a monologue or a musical number. Students will work on a variety of projects involved in musical theater regarding make-up design, set design, and other topics listed in the course description. At the completion of the course students will have the basic knowledge required to succeed in a musical theater audition and be able to discuss the topic of musical theater using the correct terminology. Students will be assessed in several ways, including class performances, projects, tests and the showcase at the end of the semester.

#625 Music Theory 1/2 credit

Students will be provided an opportunity to understand the structure of music. Emphasis will be placed on the structural elements of music and identifying the various techniques composers use to create their music. A student who successfully completes this course will gain a more complete picture of the elements and processes used in writing musical compositions. Students should have a working knowledge of the music staff and rhythmic notation prior to taking this course. This course will serve as an appropriate college preparatory course for students interested in pursuing a career in music.

#626 Music Appreciation 1/2 credit

This course will focus on the history and development of music. Students will study music throughout various time periods by listening to different styles of music, reading, and engaging in interactive projects. The only requirement for the student is that he or she must enjoy music. It is recommended, but not required, that students be able to read basic musical notation.

BUSINESS DEPARTMENT

Why is the study of business important? Everyone in our society interacts with business--through products we buy, advertisements we see and hear, and the money we invest. The average high school graduate will spend thirty or more years in the world of work. It is, therefore, critically important that students understand the role of business in society, what their relationship is to business, and what basic skills and knowledge they need to succeed.

40

The Business Department offers a wide selection of courses which will help to prepare students for the business career of their choice or continuing their education at the college level. Students who follow the business course of study will be prepared to become responsible adult members of society. They can develop skills in selected areas, have hands-on experience in machine and computer operation, gain work experience through classroom simulations, and learn to make conscientious decisions concerning economic and political issues that affect their standard of living and society in general.

#640 Introduction to Business 1 credit

Prepare to be challenged! Introduction to Business is an exploratory business course that exposes the students to a variety of business topics. The students study the economic systems of different countries and learn how they meet the needs and wants of their citizens. Topics in marketing and international business are also included. Students develop skills in using the Internet. They complete units in accounting to learn about the concepts for a sole proprietorship. They will do a comprehensive unit on how to use credit wisely and how to do their banking intelligently. A simulation is provided in which they find employment, learn to budget income, and keep a checking account. Also included are short units in consumer buying and law, insurance, career choices and the stock market.

#642 Computer Applications II 1/2 credit

This is a one-semester course, which is designed for students to enhance their keyboarding skills. They will become more proficient in keying and produce more complex documents. They will expand skills in creating a PowerPoint presentation. Students will gain skills in using the keypad and also in using desktop publishing features to produce posters, newsletters, and other documents that include text and graphics. Office simulations and special projects will also be completed.

#644 Word Processing 1/2 credit

Prerequisite - Computer Applications 8

After graduation, you will need computer skills to gain employment in most fields. Most jobs do not require a knowledge of computer programming, but do require you to use a program designed for the job you are to accomplish, and require word processing skills. You will use MICROSOFT OFFICE 2007 to become acquainted with proper procedures to create documents, worksheets, databases, and presentations suitable for coursework, professional purposes and personal use.

#645 Advanced Word Processing 1/2 credit

Prerequisite - Computer Applications 8 and Word Processing

Using Microsoft Word 2007 Vista, students will build on their knowledge of Word by practicing advanced features of this software. This course provides a case-based, problem solving approach to learning Microsoft Word and integrating it with the Web and other programs. Students will be introduced to an alternative assessment, electronic portfolios (e-portfolios) which many employers and colleges ask for upon application. This is an electronic collection of a student’s work that exhibits his or her skills and/or

41

efforts, progress, and accomplishments. At the end of the course, students will work independently on an integrated simulation using Microsoft Office 2007 Vista.

#647 Business Mathematics 1 credit

This course is designed to help students develop greater skill in math, which is used in business. Topics will include money management, banking options, work related computations, insurance needs, saving and borrowing money, credit, and income taxes. The students will become proficient in using financial calculators available online.

#648 Accounting I 1 credit

This course provides the student training in handling the accounting records for small, single-owner businesses and for a merchandising business organized as a corporation. Students will become familiar with journals and ledgers. They will analyze and record transactions, prepare financial statements and learn how to make important business decisions. Students will complete a business simulation, which covers realistic transactions completed by a merchandising business. They will also use automated accounting software to learn about computerized accounting principles.

#649 Accounting II 1 credit

This course is designed for students who want to continue more advanced studies in accounting and major in some phase of business. Accounting II covers corporate accounting. A business simulation for a corporation will be completed. Students will also receive hands-on experience with automated accounting. Topics include plant assets and depreciation, uncollectible accounts, notes and interest, etc.

#650 Business Law 1/2 credit

This course in basic law will make students aware of their legal rights and duties in our society. They will study civil law, criminal law, and business ethics. They will learn laws about money, credit, debt, and bankruptcy, renting and owning a home, and entering into various kinds of contracts. They will explore other topics including insurance and estate planning, marriage and divorce, employment laws, cyber law and E-commerce. The course usually includes a field trip to the courthouse to view criminal court.

#651 Money Matters 1/2 credit

This one-semester course is designed to equip students with the knowledge and skills necessary to make wise decisions in managing their financial resources. Students will learn to set and achieve realistic goals dealing with their savings, spending, borrowing, and investing patterns. Topics include planning their career, consumer law issues, organizing financial records, preparing for savings and investing, housing options and other large purchases, preparing tax returns and other taxes, insurance needs, using credit and bank services, applying basic online research, and computer simulations.

#653 Information Processing 1/2 credit

Prerequisite - Computer Applications 8 and Word Processing

This one-semester elective course is designed to introduce students to the Windows environment. In addition, Microsoft Office 2007 Vista (Word, Excel, Access, PowerPoint) and Microsoft Explorer will be incorporated. Internet Explorer will be utilized in completing activities in these applications.

42

#654 Entrepreneurship 1/2 credit

Entrepreneurship is a one semester course dealing with planning, marketing, managing, and financing a small business. The course will also address legal requirements and considerations. Devising business and marketing plans, developing types of advertising and filling out tax forms for a small enterprise will expose students to the challenges of opening a business and operating it profitably. Upon completion of this course students will have completed a business plan.

#655 Office Technology 1/2 credit

Office Technology is a one semester (1/2 credit) course. The units will include simulations for a travel agency, a medical office, a fitness center and a civic center. Operation of an electronic calculator, filing concepts, telephone techniques, and a word processing simulation will also be included.

GUIDANCE DEPARTMENT

#665 Career Education 1/2 credit

Career Education is a semester course for ninth graders that includes a wide range of activities and topics for career exploration. Upon completing assessment inventories, students will relate careers to individual interests, skills, values, abilities, and aptitudes. They will utilize resources to help them set goals and create a career plan. Students will explore trends in technology, global markets, and workforce diversity. Emphasis will be placed on workplace expectations.

FAMILY & CONSUMER SCIENCES DEPARTMENT

Family & Consumer Science education today includes a wide range of activities to develop basic skills that allow students to eventually live independently. Current needs of the students are considered with an emphasis on being adaptable to future changes in their family lives and society. Each course has been developed using the Pennsylvania Academic Standards for the Family and Consumer Science Curriculum.

43

#670 Independent Living I 1 credit

This class is an elective composed of 10th, 11th, and 12th grade students. This course is designed to cover the PA Academic Standards for the Family and Consumer Sciences curriculum. Students successfully completing this class will be given credit for the FCS graduation requirement. The areas of study that will be covered include the following: time management, social behavior and inter-personal skills, consumer awareness in buying vehicles and homes, pre-school child development and literacy, clothing selection and maintenance, safety and sanitation in food handling, nutritional analysis, health and wellness, and a wide variety of food preparation basics. Culinary units will include: salads, creaming (cookies), muffin (quick-bread) and pastry (pies) methods of mixing, fruits/vegetables, vegetarianism, and preparation of healthy good choices from “My Plate.” In addition, students will study meal management and spending the family food budget.

#671 Independent Living II 1 credit

This class is composed of students from 11th and 12th grade who have successfully completed Independent Living I. This course is designed for students with interests in furthering their knowledge in family relations, child development and in advancing their skill in the culinary arts. In addition, course objectives are based on the PA Academic Standards for the Family and Consumer Science curriculum. The areas of study that will be covered include the following: financial management, and consumer awareness, housing, family life cycles, family functions, family services, safety and sanitation in food handling, nutritional analysis, advanced food preparation in cooking and baking, and principles of meal management. The culinary arts units will include: appetizers, desserts, advanced quick breads, yeast breads, meat and poultry, regional foods, and international foods.

#672 On Your Own 1/2 credit

This class is composed of students from 10th, 11th, or 12th grade. This one semester course is designed to cover the PA Academic Standards for Family and Consumer Sciences. The areas of study will include the following: personal development, future careers and employment, income management, major purchases and consumer awareness, navigating skills, parent readiness and child development, nutrition, health and wellness, meal management, safety and sanitation in food handling, and basic cooking methods.

TECHNOLOGY EDUCATION DEPARTMENT

The Technology Course of Study is designed for those students with a genuine interest in technology. The course offerings in this department will afford the student the opportunity to explore first-hand, some of the careers associated with technology while applying the math, science and communication skills cultivated during their years in school. Students must take the four core courses* to graduate in the Technology Course of Study.

#700 Technology of Today* 1 credit

44

Technology of Today is a foundational course in technology for all students in ninth grade. This exciting hands on course provides an overview of the systems areas of construction, communications, manufacturing, power, and transportation technology. Students working alone and in groups will build a foundation for technical solutions in today’s world and the impact technology has on society and the environment.

#701 Engineering Graphics - C.A.D. 1/2 credit

Engineering graphics, a language of industry, has significance for many potential careers. This course is strongly recommended for all students considering a future in engineering, welding, drafting, design, machining, construction, architecture or woodworking. Initially, students will explore several engineering disciplines and the nature of the work involved in each building before beginning the graphic portion of the study. Starting with a rectangular coordinate system, students will create geometry and assign coordinates to the features sketched on a grid. As the course progresses, students will gradually learn to solve more and more complex problems using drawing instruments as well as the computer.

#702 Advanced Engineering Graphics - C.A.D. 1/2 credit

*Prerequisite - Engineering Graphics or Geometry

This class will use the information learned in Engineering Graphics or geometry as a starting point for studying more complex two-dimensional problems such as those that might be found in civil engineering, surveying, or mapping. The study will then proceed to mechanical system design that will include sectional and auxiliary views. Assignments in advanced engineering graphics may include thread detail, cam and gear design conventions, as well as surface development and design.

#703 Architectural Drawing - C.A.D. 1/2 credit

Prerequisite – Engineering Graphics

This course provides students an opportunity to learn more about the principles of architecture and related C.A.D. practices and techniques. Architectural styles and their characteristic features will be part of this study. Students will construct scale models of residential or commercial buildings. This provides helpful information for the future homeowner, and is especially beneficial to a person planning to become an architect, interior design, or contractor.

#704 Parametric Design - C.A.D.* 1/2 credit

Prerequisite – Advanced Engineering Graphics or Algebra II

Sketching, as with all other engineering graphics classes, will be an important part of this course. At this level, all of the work will be with solid geometry creation and manipulation using a C.A.D. program. Included in this program of study will be various types of rapid prototyping systems as a part of desktop manufacturing. Students will be required to complete a product development exercise. Students will use the engineering design process to plan, analyze, and select a product design prior to preparing a prototype. The prototype can be prepared in any of the high school technology labs with instructor approval.

#705 Engineering Capstone 1/2 credit45

Prerequisite – Parametric Design

Engineering Capstone is an advanced engineering design program. All assignments in this class will require research and documentation. Students will also use basic engineering principles to complete several design exercises. A comprehensive design problem will be assigned to the student enrolled in this course, which will lead to the development of an actual product, prototype, or model created in one of the technology labs.

#708 Electricity/Electronics I 1/2 credit

Prerequisite - Algebra I

Electricity/Electronics I is a course designed to prepare students for a collegiate level circuit analysis. The content will include schematic symbols and a variety of electrical laws and theorems. In addition to the theoretical discussions, students will also construct and evaluate circuits, calculate outcomes and use electronic testing equipment in a variety of lab assignments. Students will gain valuable knowledge for future endeavors in nearly every technical field. A calculator with scientific functions is required for this course. Projects in this class will be based on the topics and material covered during the course.

#709 Robotics 1/2 credit

Robotics, by its very nature, has the potential to inspire the next generation of scientists, technologists, engineers, and mathematicians. The activities in robotics capitalize on embedded learning concepts to deliver timely concepts to meet the needs of students. Students in robotics will apply science and math concepts while completing assigned challenges in the areas of autonomous Robotics. Knowledge of electricity and computer science will also be developed while completing these challenges.

#711 Manufacturing Materials and Processes - METAL 1/2 credit

Machining is designed for students interested in gaining a working knowledge of machines, tools, and processes common to the metals industries. Some of the areas studied are the sheet metal, welding, foundry, and the basic machine operations. Students design, plan, and build metal products as they study the metal working industry. Students use both hand tools and power equipment to develop technical skills, an understanding of the manufacturing products and the fundamentals of metals technology.

#712 Advanced Manufacturing - METAL 1/2 credit

Advanced Machining provides the opportunity to develop advanced skills in the use of metalwork and hand and machines tools. Students design, plan, and make metal products, using machine tools, processes, and metal technology. Creativity is emphasized as students further develop their interest with CNC Machining and metalworking or related areas of metals technology.

#714 Wood Products and Processes - WOOD 1/2 credit

This course is set up to explore the use of machines, develop material such as wood, plastic, or composite material into projects that can be found in today’s market place. Safety in the work place will be stressed, all students will be expected to work in a safe and professional manner. Basic operations on machines will be the main focus of the course. During this course a student will explore the manufacturing process by creating a product and taking it through all manufacturing stages to final marketing.

46

#715 Advanced Wood Processes - WOOD 1/2 creditPrerequisite - Wood and Materials Processing required; Engineering Drawing I recommended

This course is set up to explore machines used to produce items used in today’s market place. Safety training includes, but is not limited to, identification and elimination of accident and health hazards and inspection techniques. The use of CNC machine will be introduced through material processing and manufacturing.

#716 Construction Technology - WOOD 1/2 credit

In Construction Technology, students will develop a basic understanding of the behavior of construction systems. In problem solving activities, students will develop, produce, use and assess structures while studying systems of construction; i.e., framing, plumbing, electrical, finishing, and all systems of the construction trade

#717 Cabinetmaking & Mill-working - WOOD 1/2 credit Prerequisite - Engineering Drawing I recommended Wood and Material Processing requiredThe Cabinetmaking & Mill-working class will provide education and skills required for casework design, construction, and installation. The course will include, but not be limited to, materials specifications, estimating, joinery techniques, millwork, laminate and solid surfaces, finishing, and tool and shop maintenance. The class will include individualized instruction necessary to complete a student-designed project.

#720 Electromechanical Engineering Technology* 1/2 creditThis course deals with hydraulic and pneumatic power transmission and control as well as electromechanical actuators, electrical and mechanical power transmission. It will be presented with a balance of theory and lab activities written to give the students a working knowledge base. Student will learn how to determine mechanical advantage of a transmission system. Included in this study will be motor theory and design, motor controls and an introduction to programmable logic controllers. Students will also learn how to measure motor torque and compute horsepower torque and efficiency. This class will conclude with a student-designed product capable of performing a specific task as outlined in a design brief. This may include but not be limited to designing and building a solar powered model (Junior Solar Sprint), Sumo Wrestling Robot, or an EMV (electromechanical vehicle).

#722 Graphic Processes I 1/2 credit

This will be a beginning class in graphic design with the emphasis on graphic reproduction. Items and assignments in this course are designed for the purpose of showing the student how this might be accomplished in the graphic design business. Activities will include but not be limited to industrial graphics, digital photography, digital printing, TV and desktop video publishing, assembling and editing videos from stock clips, screen process printing, and direct to plate technology.

#723 Graphic Processes II 1/2 credit

Prerequisite - Graphic Processes I

Students in this course will be expected to have a working knowledge of the content covered in an introductory communications course. Activities required in this class will include larger scale and more

47

complex assignments. The opportunity for exploration of special effects and the incorporation of those effects into a product will exist.

#724 Multimedia Technology 1/2 credit

This class is an integrated study of visual and audio communication technology. Student will gain experience in preparing and editing still pictures, voice-overs, audio tracks, sound effects, and video clips. Using a variety of computer applications, students will work independently and in small groups to assemble pieces of the final product. Once completed the final product can be output to DVD or Pod cast. The content in this class is designed to prepare students to maximize their experience in “Classrooms for the Future.”

#725 Video Production 1/2 credit

Prerequisites – Multi-media Technology or Graphics l

The Video Production course will provide students with an understanding of the technology behind video when used to communicate with an audience. Student productions will have a constant focus, keeping in mind the response their message will elicit from an audience. Students will learn advanced skills in storyboarding, script writing, digital video editing, and studio production. Upon completion of this course, students will be able to demonstrate a wide variety of video production skills that are used today in the film and broadcasting industry. Students will be involved in designing and creating a variety of video formats, which will include producing: advertising commercials, sports highlights, video biographies, music videos, promotional video for school sponsored clubs, and public service announcements. Students will also be directly involved with filming, editing, and producing daily video announcements at Punxsutawney Area High School. Students will also acquire and exercise skills needed for reading, writing, and time management when producing video productions that have to meet project deadlines.

DRIVER EDUCATION DEPARTMENT

The Driver Education Department gives each student a complete background in the knowledge and skills essential to safe and successful driving. We must also recognize that operating an automobile safely and responsibly requires not only knowledge and skills but also good driving attitudes. Each student should understand the nature of the challenges s/he faces as a driver and the best ways to meet the challenges.

#750/751 Safety Education 1/4 creditSafety Education is a requirement of all tenth grade students. It is taught every other day for 1/2 year and consists of a minimum of 30 classroom hours. The primary purpose of this classroom instruction is to develop the knowledge and attitudes needed for safe living in today’s complex traffic picture. Students receive a grade of Pass, Fail or Honor, and upon satisfactory completing this course are given one-fourth unit of credit.

48

WORK RELEASE

760 Work ReleaseThe work release program is designed for seniors who are interested in gaining job experience while still in high school. To qualify, a student must follow specific regulations and complete permission forms, and have earned a minimum of 18.5 credits(19.5 credits for class of 2014 and beyond) by the end of his/her junior year. Students should apply for work release within the first 10 days of each semester of their senior year.

CYBER SERVICES

770 Consumer Mathematics 1 creditConsumer Mathematics focuses on basic math skills used in everyday life with the goal of developing intelligent consumers. The practical applications of math are studied using real world situations. Personal finances are emphasized through the study of personal earnings, maintaining a checking account, understanding the elements of business, credit, and life insurance.

771 Career and Technology A 1/2 creditCareer and Technology A is the first part of a two-semester course that covers skills to prepare students for workplace success. Students will explore their interests, aptitudes, and skills plus their individual learning styles in order to find possible career matches. Students will also consider their values and expectations as they learn and practice the skill of goal setting. The course also presents an overview of basic technology skills, including the use of word processing, spreadsheet, presentation, and database software, that are so vital to success in the workplace. Opportunities for practice will be provided to help students master the use of such software. Open source software programs will be provided to the students. Students will explore a variety of career options plus use the steps in the decision-making process to develop their own career plan. A variety of post-high school opportunities will be discussed for achieving career goals. Students will create and evaluate job application materials, learn to search for job opportunities, and conduct a successful job interview. Finally, the course will present the role of government in business; global, national, and local economic trends; and how these factors affect working people.772 Career and Technology B 1/2 credit

Prerequisite – Career and Technology A

Career and Technology B is the second part of a two-semester course that covers problem-solving, decision-making, and communication skills necessary to succeed in the workplace. Students will learn about workplace policies and procedures, growth and promotion opportunities, and the social and technological systems of any business. They will also understand legal and ethical issues related to their personal rights as workers. Students will prepare presentations and communications scenarios for different purposes and audiences, employing a variety of technology skills. The course explains effective leadership skills and provides examples of critical assessment, evaluation, and negotiation. Students will learn the steps of the problem-solving process to identify causes and seek effective resolutions. Students will also learn to plan a project and respond to problems and risks. Finally, students will learn skills for time management, financial responsibility, and methods to deal with stress.

49

774 Environmental Science 1 credit

Environmental Science explores the nature of science and the natural world. Students examine environmental issues and learn to make informed decisions using scientific problem solving. Specific topics for semester one include: ecological interactions, matter and energy flow in ecosystems, biodiversity, characteristics and growth of populations, evolution, succession, biogeochemical cycles, soil and land resources, agriculture, waste management, and characteristics of terrestrial biomes.Specific topics for semester two include: characteristics of aquatic biomes, management of water resources, use of mineral resources and effects of mining, renewable and non-renewable energy resources, atmospheric cycles, climate change, and sustainability.

775 Art History 1/2 credit

This one-semester course is designed to develop students’ understanding and appreciation for the visual arts. This course explores the arts, artists, and their cultures from prehistoric times though the present. Students will be introduced to important works of art, selected from various types of media, including painting sculpture, architecture, and photography. As the works of different periods are presented, students will receive the historical and geographic context necessary for gaining a deeper appreciation of the pieces. This course will provide student with a working knowledge of concepts and an enriched vocabulary so that they can become more informed consumers of art.

776 Introduction to Anthropology 1/2 credit

The aim of anthropology is to use a broad approach to gain an understanding of our past, present, and future and address the problems humans face in biological, social and cultural life. This course will explore the evolution, similarity and diversity of humankind through time. It will look at how we have evolved from a biologically and culturally weak species to one that has the ability to cause catastrophic change. Exciting online video journeys to different areas of the world will also be presented in this course.

PASD50

8th Grade Curriculum Guide

2012-2013

8th GRADE COURSE DESCRIPTIONS (for Core classes)

EIGHTH GRADE READING

8111 / 8121 Advanced Reading 8

Eighth grade Reading at the Advanced level is faster paced and focuses on the acquisition of higher-level, critical thinking skills in reading, writing, listening and speaking. Students will participate in whole class, group and independent classroom activities including critical reading of a variety of genres

51

(including content in history and short stories), discussion and questioning sessions and peer speaking. Students will respond to and reflect on reading and discussion through writing assignments including quick writes and reading response prompts and book reviews. Students will review several of the twelve basic reading strategies that coordinate with the Pennsylvania State Standards. Students will be tested in multiple choice, short answer and essay formats, using the higher-level thinking skills of Bloom’s Taxonomy of Questioning. Acquisition of Language Arts content area, PSSA and SAT-level vocabulary is emphasized. Daily homework is required.

8112 / 8122 Standard Reading 8

Eighth grade Reading at the Standard level focuses on strengthening reading comprehension skills and the exploration of higher level, critical thinking skills in reading, writing, listening and speaking. Students will participate in whole class and group classroom activities, including reading short stories and content area reading (utilizing strategies), discussion, questioning sessions and projects using the library, technology and classroom resources. Students will respond to and reflect on reading and discussion through writing assignments such as reading response prompts and quick writes. There will be an extensive review of the twelve basic reading strategies that coordinate with the Pennsylvania State Standards. Students will be tested in multiple choice, short answer and essay formats, using the organizer approach for essay responses. Increasing knowledge of Language Arts content area, PSSA and SAT-level vocabulary is emphasized. Daily homework is required.

8113 / 8123 Basic Reading 8

Read 180 is an intensive reading program for Basic to Below-Basic level students using computer software, a leveled library of high-interest books, and a textbook with a variety of literary selections building reading comprehension skills. This two-credit class (one Reading and one English credit) also focuses on increasing student vocabulary and improving writing skills. Daily Read 180 classes consist of a whole group direct instruction session, three custom-leveled activity stations (software, small group instruction and independent reading), and a whole group wrap-up. Daily homework is required.

EIGHTH GRADE ENGLISH

Students in all three levels of English 8 must meet the state standards; therefore, content among the three levels must be comparable. The process and products that are used with students create the differentiation of levels.

8211 / 8221 Advanced English 8For this course, students should be reading, writing, and speaking at the advanced level. The goal of the class is to develop communication and thinking skills through the study of language, literature, and

52

writing. The study of the conventions of Standard English will include parts of speech, punctuation, spelling, vocabulary, and usage. Students will compose thought-provoking, well-organized, multi-paragraph essays in the narrative, descriptive, and expository genres. Research writing will be covered at a beginner’s level. The literature study in this course will require higher level, critical thinking skills in order to analyze and evaluate literary elements and author’s purpose. Formal essays and various projects will be completed using numerous computer programs; therefore, intermediate technological skills will serve the advanced student well.

8212 / 8222 Standard English 8The goal of this course is to develop communication and thinking skills through the study of language, literature, and writing. The study of the conventions of Standard English will include parts of speech, punctuation, spelling, vocabulary, and usage. Students will compose multi-paragraph essays in the narrative, descriptive, and expository genres. Research writing will be covered at a beginner’s level. The literature study in this course will include the analysis and evaluation of literary elements and author’s purpose.

8213 / 8223 Basic English 8Basic English 8 is included in the Basic Reading 8 course curriculum.

EIGHTH GRADE MATH

8311 / 8321 Algebra I 1 Credit*(*With a proficient score on the Keystone Exam)

(*With a minimum grade of 87 or above)Prerequisite - Pre-Algebra

Working with linear equations and functions in depth is the major focus of Algebra l. Students will operate with real numbers and simplify expressions. They will write, solve and graph linear equations and inequalities as well as systems of equations and inequalities. Students will apply concepts of probability and statistics to real world applications, and they will factor and solve quadratic functions.

8312 / 8313 / 8322 Pre-AlgebraThe Pre-Algebra course includes an extensive use of fundamental arithmetic concepts and skills, including problem solving with positive numbers, negative numbers, whole numbers, fractions, decimals, percents, exponents, ratios, and proportions. Also included are algebraic topics such as solving and graphing linear equations and inequalities, using correct order-of-operations, and using formulas. Finally, this course includes a unit on basic geometry, a unit on interpreting data, graphs, and plots, and a unit on probability and predictions.

8314 / 8315 / 8324 Math 8Mathematics 8 is a course where students will review arithmetic problems with an introduction to simple algebra and plane geometry concepts. A study of ratios, proportions, and percent will be addressed. Measurement problems and data analysis will be presented. Emphasis in all will be placed in the practical use of mathematics.

53

EIGHTH GRADE EARTH SCIENCE

Note: All three ability levels of 8th grade Earth Science will be taught similar science content and all classes will be instructed towards the goal of meeting the State and District Standards.

The curriculum of Earth science comprises three main content areas. The first unit is Physical Geology, which studies the Earth’s internal structure and layers, minerals, rocks, and various surface processes (erosion, rivers, glaciers, and landslides). The second unit is Oceanography; the science of the ocean. Students in this unit will learn about the chemical composition of seawater, surface and deep-water currents, ocean waves and color, and the effects and dangers associated with ocean pollution. The third and final unit is Meteorology- the science of weather. Topics in this unit include discussing the structure and composition of Earth’s atmosphere, principles of heat and temperature, air pressure, moisture, and atmospheric stability. Students will also have opportunities to record their own weather data and learn how to forecast the weather. In the Meteorology unit, there is a section on severe weather safety. Here, we examine and study the dangers associated with thunderstorms, tornadoes, hail, flash floods, lightning, hurricanes, extreme heat and cold, and freezing rain. Students will learn how to better protect themselves when faced with one of these dangerous weather phenomena.

8411 / 8421 Advanced Earth ScienceFirst, advanced students will encounter more detailed and complex notes and material- experiencing greater depth and completion of a certain chapter in a more accelerated time frame. Student notes will serve as the main “study guide” tool when preparing for tests and quizzes. Chapter tests are designed with a general mix of each question type – including several critical thinking/essay type problems. Furthermore, more emphasis, in terms of point value, is given towards each test (usually 50-75 points). Second, students at the Advanced level will complete 75% of their major Science projects individually. Third, they will encounter more homework assignments throughout the entire year. Finally, students will apply mathematical principles and formulas to solve problems applied towards several Earth Science Concepts.

8412 / 8422 Standard Earth ScienceStudents at this level will encounter the same material, but not as in-depth or complex as the advanced classes. For example, student’s notes will be complemented by additional reinforcement activities, vocabulary sheets, and/or study guides. Less emphasis, in terms of point value, is given towards one particular test (usually 40-50 points). Every exam consists of a general mix of each question type; with the presence of bolded or underlined key words, less involved short answer questions, and less answer choices. Standard students will be expected to complete 50% of their major science projects individually.

8413 / 8423 Basic Earth Science: First, students in Basic classes will move through a similar science curriculum at a slower pace. These students will cover mainly broad topics and major vocabulary terms, with notes written and presented in an easier to understand language in smaller chunks. Furthermore, the least amount of emphasis, in terms of point value, is given towards one particular test (usually 25-30 points). In fact, most tests consist of mainly multiple choice type questions, with two answer choices and a few “open-ended” opinion type questions. Second, students are provided full-scale vocabulary sheets and study guides, with frequent reinforcement for test preparation. They may also have the option to have tests read aloud, if they so desire. Finally, active group involvement and teamwork is strongly utilized at this level- with students completing their major projects in groups nearly 100% of the time.

54

EIGHTH GRADE SOCIAL STUDIES

Eighth Grade Social Studies will cover history of the United States from the beginnings to 1877. Major units in the course include, but are not limited to, the Colonial Era, American Revolution, Constitution, Westward Expansion and the Civil War.

Eighth grade Social Studies is currently divided into three sections (Advanced, Standard and Basic). Each level will be accountable for the content of the major units listed in the above paragraph. However, a variety of instructional activities and strategies will be used in order to best fit the abilities of the learners. All classes will be developing writing, content vocabulary, academic vocabulary, map reading, critical thinking, and analyzing skills. Students, who are unsure of what level of class to select, should discuss their options with a parent or guardian and use a teacher recommendation when possible. Students enrolling into a class that is below their ability level may be given work (at the discretion of the teacher and guidance counselor) to meet the needs of their abilities.

8511 / 8521 Advanced Social Studies 8

The advanced classes are best suited for students with abilities above grade level, capable of working independently and above grade level. Students must be willing complete research projects, work in a cooperative fashion and be able to present findings within a group setting. Activities will include, but are not limited to, analyzing exercises, homework activities, cooperative group functions, and exams comprised of multiple choice, matching, short answer and essay questions. Unannounced quizzes are more likely within this classroom setting.

8512 / 8522 Standard Social Studies 8

Within the Standard class, students should be proficient and working at grade level. At this level most work given will be started within the classroom and finished outside of the classroom. Students at this level should be able to read at or above grade level. Activities will include, but are not limited to, analyzing exercises, homework activities, cooperative group functions, and exams comprised of multiple choice, matching, short answer and essay questions. Word banks are periodically used for exams.

8513 / 8523 Basic Social Studies 8

The Basic course is for those students whose reading level is below grade level and or unable to work at a grade level. Analytical skills will be developed and tested through this class. Activities will include, but are not limited to, reading, vocabulary skills (content and academic), reading skills, map skills, and have limited out of school homework. Tests and quizzes will be comprised of multiple choice, matching, true/false and essay questions. Word banks will be provided for testing purposes.

SUPPLEMENTAL REQUIREMENTS

8611 / 8612 / 8613 / 8621 / 8622 / 8623 Computer Applications 8 (requirement)

This is a one-semester course to be completed by all 8th graders. The course will help students prepare for keyboarding success as they process and edit documents by using correct formatting skills and program operations with Microsoft Office 2007. They will improve communication skills and be introduced

55

to applications that include technologies in electronic presentations, spreadsheets, and database. The Micro Type and Quick Check software programs provide interesting and challenging drills, games, and puzzles.

8631 / 8632 / 8633 / 8641/ 8642 / 8643Multimedia Technology (requirement)Students taking this class will learn to use a variety of technology tools to communicate. Students will also examine some of the importance and the consequences of some of these communication tools. We will cover planning for production including storyboarding, size constraints, and quality and delivery methods. One of the goals will be to apply the content learned in this class to the production of projects to demonstrate knowledge of content from other classes. Students will have the opportunity to exercise creative thinking skills by applying what they have learned to the development of an animation. Software may include any of the following PowerPoint, Keynote, Garageband, iMovie, Camtasia, Quicktime, iTunes, and Photoshop.

8661 / 8663 Physical Education 8th Grade Girls / Boys (requirement) The Physical Education Department provides each student an opportunity to participate in activities that will improve fitness and coordination levels. The department enables the individuals to participate in team sports and individual sports, as well as strength training and cardiovascular exercises.

The students are given the basic fundamentals of individual and team sports through skill training and competition. They also participate in activities that will help develop overall fitness. The importance of exercise, in relation to their body developments, is stressed through various conditioning activities.

8711 Foreign Language 8 (requirement)Have you ever wanted to learn about other people and their culture? This course is for you!! In this course, we will focus on the four areas of foreign language study: reading, listening, speaking and writing. We will learn about the different sounds and the pronunciation of each language. Vocabulary for different holidays and for specific content areas will be studied. We will discuss cultural differences and similarities. Specific grammatical concepts and parts of speech will be covered. Singing will be a part of our learning experience. During the nine weeks, projects will be incorporated to enhance the study of the language. One of the requirements of this course will be a well-organized notebook to facilitate the study of the material. Students will learn the basics of Spanish and French while having an enjoyable learning experience. This class will expose the students to both languages allowing the student to make an informed course selection at a later date.

ELECTIVES

8712 Chorus 8The course is comprised of students in the eighth grade who wish to take chorus as one of their electives in the related arts program. Students will enhance their musicianship and vocal development throughout this course and will be prepared and encouraged to take high school chorus in grades 9-12. Students will learn vocal warm-up exercises, music reading, and the correct mechanics of singing. Students will rehearse and prepare the required music for a public performance. There will be a public performance held at the end of the nine weeks. Students will experience different styles of music by a variety of

56

composers and arrangers, and will also gain knowledge of music terminology that is used in choral singing.

8713 Music 8 This course is designed for students who are interested in furthering their knowledge of music history, music notation, Music Theater, music theory, and the application of music and reading skills to playing the keyboard. Course objectives are based on the national Standards for the Music Curriculum. The areas of study that will be included are the following: music notation, retrograde music, elements of music, music history, music theater, and keyboard study.

8714 Library Media 8Do you suffer from Information Overload? Do you get frustrated when you Google and there are too many sited but not one has the right information? Do you want to get ahead when it comes to class research? Do you enjoy reading and want to find the best books available? If you answered yes to any of these questions, then Library Media 8 is the class for you! LM8 will prepare students for our high school’s 21st Century Learning Initiative by showing students how to use computers as tools, not toys. They will create home pages and other tools they can use throughout their high school career. Students will learn the best searching, evaluation, and research methods. They will learn about Internet safety, and social responsibilities that go along with 21st Century Learning. Students will also learn how to best use the library to their advantage by introducing them to both traditional and online resources.

8715 Family & Consumer Science 8This course is designed to cover the PA Academic Standards for the Family and Consumer Science Curriculum with extra time and emphasis on specific culinary units. The areas of study that will be covered are: time management, social behavior, and inter-personal skills, safety and sanitation in food handling, nutritional analysis, health and wellness, and also a variety of food preparation basics. It also covers established child-care practices, normal developmental tasks of young children, and how to help children explore their world by reading. During this course, the students will discuss positive and negative methods of conflict resolution and apply them to problems typical to early teens. They will also develop basic proficiency in the care and maintenance of clothing.

8716 Tech Ed 8This course will focus on the process of designing a house and home ownership. It will include studies of financing, including planning according to desired square feet, calculating the price of the house, and calculating mortgage rates and mortgage payments. The class will show steps to acquire and maintain a good credit rating along with strategies to save on mortgage loans. We will study projected cost of living expenses and monthly utilities. The class will study architectural styles along with green home and LEED designs. The class will investigate building permits and codes along with the availability of different building materials. The students will design and draw to scale, floor plans, kitchen and bath designs, and elevations drawings.

57

8717 Art 8 This class is designed for 8th grade students who are interested in exploring how the elements and principles of art are present in sculpture, drawing and painting. Students will create a sculpture inspired by a selected World Culture using armatures, papier-mâché and sculpt-a-mold. A two-dimensional work will feature drawing with a mixed media approach in a puzzle format. The mixed media project will offer a selection of materials including drawing pencils, oil pastels, and ink. In the third piece motivated by a unique environment, students will learn how to compose or arrange well through image-play. Students will interpret this compositional environment with paint by mixing tints and shades of a color.

8718 Business 8This course is designed to introduce 8th grade students to the many facets of the business world. An overview of entrepreneurship, marketing, banking, business ethics and etiquette, along with a discussion of possible careers in these fields will enhance students’ knowledge in business. Real world applications will be used to make the class meaningful and worthwhile.

620 / 621 HS Marching Band / HS ChorusEighth graders will also have the option of participating in the HS Marching Band or HS Chorus during “flex period”. This is in addition to the 4 Related Arts. Please see your counselor for further information.

58

secondary school curriculum and · web viewsecondary school curriculum/course selection/...

Documents