second oxford tidal stream workshop 2013 are nearly all tidal stream turbines designs wrong? stephen...
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Second Oxford Tidal stream Workshop 2013
Are Nearly all Tidal Stream Turbines Designs Wrong?
Stephen Salter
Institute for Energy Systems
University of Edinburgh
www.see.ed.ac.uk/~shs
[email protected]@ed.ac.uk
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No names, no pack [email protected]
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. . . just like wind turbines but under water.
Pmax1
2 A U
316
27
Frederick Lanchester 1868-1946 Albert Betz 1885-1968
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Unswept flow passage ≡ leaky pipes
≡ Vortex wake pollution
≡ Ignorance of flow angles
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O’Doherty DM. Mason-Jones A, Morris C, O’DohertyT, Bryne C, Pricket PW, Grosvenor RI.
Interaction of marine turbines in close proximity.
EWTEC 2011
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2.75
3.35
3
0.55
O’Doherty DM. Mason-Jones, Morris, O’DohertyT, Bryne, Pricket, Grosvenor. Interaction of Marine Turbines in Close Proximity. EWTEC 2011
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R.A. McAdam, G.T. Houlsby, M.L.G Oldfield. Structural and Hydrodynamic Model Testing of the Transverse Horizontal Axis Water Turbine. EWTEC 2011
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R.A. McAdam , G.T. Houlsby , M.L.G. OldfieldStructural and Hydrodynamic Model Testing of the Transverse
Horizontal Axis Water Turbine EWTEC 2011
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Pow1
2 A U
316
27 Pow g A H U
.296 U3 g H U
Open flow field Duct
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Bending moment atblade root
http://www.google.co.uk/search?q=Tidal+stream+turbine+Alstom&hl=en&client=safari&rls=en&tbm=isch&tbo=u&source=u
niv&sa=X&ei=BOBOUbPSJY6o0wXh2ICIBw&ved=0CEIQsAQ&biw=1042&bih=1505
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GOOGLE IMAGES
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NASA
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Edinburgh vertical-axis, variable-pitch with rim power take off.
EWTEC Patras 1998
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Pitch variation gives control of rotor forces
Contra-rotation cancels cross force and torque reaction in wake
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70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 700
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2Downstream force on a 140 diameter rotor as a fraction of ideal
1.2
0
fdsi 4
FDSi 4
DR
2
DR2
Xi
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Work goes through restricted passage to congested generation space
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Second Oxford Tidal stream Workshop 2013
Are Nearly all Tidal Stream Turbines Designs Wrong?
Stephen Salter
Institute for Energy Systems
University of Edinburgh
www.see.ed.ac.uk/~shs
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Google images
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Speed up x 30Range up x 6000
Payload up x 20,000Cost per ton-mile down ÷ 100
Google images
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Something for the simpletons
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Laminaria Hyperborea (kelp) are found along the
edges of the Pentland Firth at depths up to 30 m.
Length can reach 3.5 metres.
Cf = ?
Google images.
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Pentland bed stills. P Hayes. Fisheries Research Aberdeen 2006-8
68 mm bob
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Friction coefficients for Fshear = 0.5 ρ U2 Cf
6.165 TW x 0.04 = 247 GW
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Edinburgh vertical-axis, variable-pitch with rim power take off.
EWTEC Patras 1998
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