sec.1 chemical energy and atp by hamdy karim
TRANSCRIPT
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4.1 Chemical Energy and ATP
Science SMART BoardKing Faisal School
Cells and EnergyCreated by: Hamdy Karim
Grade level(s): 9th_Grade
Subject area: Biology
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4.1 Chemical Energy and ATP
Cells and EnergyObjectives;Students will be able to answer the questions;
1. What is the source of chemical energy used in living things?
2. How does energy produce?
3. Are there organisms do not need sunlight and photosynthesis as a source of energy?
Done By:
Mr. Hamdy Karim
KFS, Riyadh, KSA.
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4.1 Chemical Energy and ATP
KEY CONCEPT: All cells need chemical energy.
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4.1 Chemical Energy and ATP
The chemical energy used for most cell processes is carried by ATP.
• Molecules in food store chemical energy in their bonds.
Starch molecule
Glucose molecule
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4.1 Chemical Energy and ATP
phosphate removed
• ATP transfers energy from the breakdown of food molecules to cell functions.
– Energy is released when a phosphate group is removed.
– ADP is changed into ATP when a phosphate group is added.
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4.1 Chemical Energy and ATP
Organisms break down carbon-based molecules to produce ATP.
• Carbohydrates are the molecules most commonly broken down to make ATP.
– not stored in large amounts– up to 36 ATP from one
glucose molecule
Tri = 3
Di = 2
Adenosine Tri-Phosphate Adenosine Di-Phosphate
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4.1 Chemical Energy and ATP
• Fats store the most energy.
– 80 percent of the energy in your body– about 146 ATP from a triglyceride
• Proteins are least likely to be broken down to make ATP.
– amino acids not usually needed for energy– about the same amount of energy as a carbohydrate
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4.1 Chemical Energy and ATP
A few types of organisms do not need sunlight and photosynthesis as a source of energy.
• Some organisms live in places that never get sunlight.
• In chemosynthesis, chemical energy is used to build carbon-based molecules.– similar to photosynthesis– uses chemical energy
instead of light energy