seasonal cycle
DESCRIPTION
Comparison of ground-based FTIR measurements and EMAC model simulations of trace-gases columns near St. Petersburg (Russia) in 2009-201 2. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Comparison of ground-based FTIR measurements and EMAC model simulations of trace-gases columns near St. Petersburg (Russia) in 2009-2012Yana Virolainen (1), Maria Makarova (1), Dmitry Ionov (1), Alexander Polyakov (1), Oliver Kirner (2), Yury Timofeyev (1), Anatoly Poberovsky (1), and Hamud
Imhasin (1)(1)St.Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation, (2) Steinbuch Centre for Computing, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe,
Germany
Instrumentation
solar FTIR-spectrometer Bruker 125HR
Spectral resolutio
n~0.005 cm-1
LocationPeterhof - St. Petersburg (59.88 N, 29.82 E)
Time series 2009-2012
Gases Spectral windows, сm-1
Random error of
measurement
Influenced gases
H2O
1110.00-1113.001117.30-1117.901120.10-1122.001196.00-1200.401220.50-1221.501251.75-1253.00
0.9-1.3% N2O, CO2, CH4, O3
O3
991.25-993.801001.47-1003.041005.00-1006.901007.35-1009.001011.15-1013.55
1-2% H2O, CO2 , C2H4
ClONO2779.0-779.8780.0-780.3780.3-781.3
15-20% H2O, CO2, O3, HNO3, C2H2
HNO3867.00-869.60872.80-875.20 1-2% H2O, CO2, NO2
HCl2925.75-2926.002727.73-2727.832775.70-2775.802925.80-2926.00
2-5% CH4, H2O
CH42613.7-2615.42921.0–2921.62835.5-2835.8
0.3-0.5% H2O, HDO, CO2, NO2
CO2057.7-2058.0
2069.56-2069.762157.5-2159.15
1.1-1.4% O3,CO2,OCS,N2O,H2O
NO2 2914.590-2914.707 8-12% CH4, HDO
The EMAC model is a numerical chemistry and climate simulation system that includes sub-models describing troposphere and middle atmosphere processes and their interaction with oceans, land and human influences. The simulation includes a comprehensive atmospheric chemistry setup for the troposphere, the stratosphere and the lower mesosphere. We applied the EMAC (ECHAM5 version 5.3.01, MESSy version 1.10) in the T42L39MAresolution, i.e. with a spherical truncation of T42 (corresponding to a quadratic Gaussian grid of approximately 2.8 by 2.8 degrees in latitude and longitude) with 39 vertical hybrid pressure levels up to 0.01 hPa.
Gas (number of days)
Method Mean ± variability, cm-2
Bias ± SD, %
Correlation
coefficient
H2O (191)
FTIR (4.49±2.99) × 1022-3.1 ± 21.5
0.95±0.01EMAC (4.62±2.79) × 1022
O3 (189)FTIR (9.25±1.24) × 1018
-12.5 ± 8.2
0.91±0.01EMAC (10.4±1.7) × 1018
ClONO2 (89)
FTIR (1.12±0.50) × 1015-0.7 ± 32.5
0.70±0.06EMAC (1.13±0.41) × 1015
HNO3 (89)
FTIR (2.39±0.51) × 1016+33.2 ±
16.80.65±0.0
6EMAC (1.60±0.44) × 1016
HCl (309)FTIR (4.36±0.60) × 1015 +22 ±
8.10.81±0.0
2EMAC (3.40±0.44) × 1015
CH4 (232)FTIR (3.83±0.06) × 1019 +1.4 ±
1.00.82±0.0
2EMAC (3.77±0.04) × 1019
CO (452)FTIR (2.12±0.33) ×1018 +14.0 ±
5.70.93±0.0
1EMAC (1.82±0.31)×1018
NO2 (233)
FTIR (3.32±1.10) × 1015+14.1 ±
13.20.92±0.0
1EMAC (2.85±1.05) × 1015
Comparison of ground-based FTIR measurements and EMAC model simulations of trace-gases columns near St. Petersburg (Russia) in 2009-2012
Seasonal cycle
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 122009-2012
3,7x1019
3,8x1019
3,8x1019
3,9x1019
3,9x1019
4,0x1019
4,0x1019
CH
4 col
umn,
cm
-2
Monthly meanFTIR (232)EMAC (232)
0,511,522,53
(FTIR-E
MA
C)/FTIR
, %
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 122009-2012
4,0x1014
8,0x1014
1,2x1015
1,6x1015
2,0x1015
2,4x1015
ClO
NO
2 col
umn,
cm
-2 Monthly meanFTIR (191)EMAC (191)EMAC (all)
-30-20-1001020
(FTIR-E
MA
C)/FTIR
, %
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 122009-2012
8,0x1018
1,0x1019
1,2x1019
1,4x1019
Ozo
ne c
olum
n, c
m-2
Monthly meanFTIR (189)EMAC (189)EMAC (all)
-25-20-15-10-5
(FTIR-E
MA
C)/FTIR
, %
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 122009-2012
0,0x100
1,0x1015
2,0x1015
3,0x1015
4,0x1015
5,0x1015
NO
2 col
umn,
cm
-2
Monthly meanFTIR (233)EMAC (233)EMAC (all)
020406080
(FTIR-E
MA
C)/FTIR
, %
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 122009-2012
5,0x1015
1,0x1016
1,5x1016
2,0x1016
2,5x1016
3,0x1016
3,5x1016
HN
O3 c
olum
n, c
m-2
Monthly meanFTIR (89)EMAC (89)EMAC (all)
1020304050
(FTIR-E
MA
C)/FTIR
, %1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 122009-2012
2,5x1015
3,0x1015
3,5x1015
4,0x1015
4,5x1015
5,0x1015
HC
l col
umn,
cm
-2
Monthly meanFTIR (309)EMAC (309)EMAC (all)
51015202530
(FTIR-E
MA
C)/FTIR
, %
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 122009-2012
0,0x100
2,0x1022
4,0x1022
6,0x1022
8,0x1022
1,0x1023
H2O
col
umn,
cm
-2
Monthly meanFTIR (191)EMAC (191)EMAC (all)
-20-1001020
(FTIR-E
MA
C)/FTIR
, %
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 122009-2012
1,2x1018
1,6x1018
2,0x1018
2,4x1018
2,8x1018
CO
col
umn,
cm
-2
Monthly meanFTIR (452)EMAC (452)
101214161820
(FTIR-E
MA
C)/FTIR
, %
Comparison of ground-based FTIR measurements and EMAC model simulations of trace-gases columns near St. Petersburg (Russia) in 2009-2012
Distribution of gases total columns
8,0x1014 1,6x1015 2,4x1015
ClONO2 column, cm-2
0
5
10
15
20
25
Num
ber o
f day
s
FTIREMAC
8,0x1015 1,6x1016 2,4x1016 3,2x1016 4,0x1016 4,8x1016
HNO3 column, cm-2
0
10
20
30
40
Num
ber o
f day
s
FTIREMAC
6,0x1018 8,0x1018 1,0x1019 1,2x1019 1,4x1019
Ozone column, cm-2
0
10
20
30
40
Num
ber o
f day
s
FTIREMAC
8,0x1017 1,6x1018 2,4x1018 3,2x1018
CO, cm-2
0
40
80
120
Num
ber o
f day
s
FTIREMAC
3,6x1019 3,7x1019 3,8x1019 3,9x1019 4,0x1019 4,1x1019
Methane column, cm-2
0
20
40
60
80
Num
ber o
f day
s
FTIREMAC
0,0x100 2,0x1015 4,0x1015 6,0x1015 8,0x1015
NO2 column, cm-2
0
20
40
60
Num
ber o
f day
s
FTIREMAC
1,6x1015 3,2x1015 4,8x1015 6,4x1015
HCl column, cm-2
0
20
40
60
80
100
Num
ber o
f day
s
FTIREMAC
0,0x100 4,0x1022 8,0x1022 1,2x1023
H2O column, cm-2
0
10
20
30
40
Num
ber o
f day
s
FTIREMAC