searching for dark matter with atomic clocks in spacetigran.space/clocks2017.pdf · searching for...
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Searchingfordarkmatterwithatomicclocksinspace
TigranKalaydzhyan
arXiv:1705.05833
ThisworkwasperformedattheJetPropulsionLaboratory,CaliforniaInstituteofTechnology,underacontractwiththeNationalAeronauticsandSpaceAdministration.© 2017CaliforniaInstituteofTechnology.Governmentsponsorshipacknowledged.
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Motivation
§ Nodirectdetectionofthedarkmattertodate,whilehavinganoverwhelmingamountofindirectobservations.Importance:27%ofenergycontentoftheUniverse,85%ofthemasscontent.
§ Vastrangeofunexploredmasses(about80%)ofthetotalspan10-24eV- 1028eV.WIMPsaretypicallytestedaboveGeVandaxions above𝜇eVscale.
§ LightbosonspredictedbynearlyeverynewtheorybeyondtheStandardModel.
§ Specificallyfortheclockstabilitystudies:abletoshowhigh-frequencysignalsandmakeeasiertoidentifydifferenttypesofnoise.
axion neutrinos WIMPs Q-ball wimpzilla BH
!
Dwarfgalaxy Earth 1meter Protonsize Plancklength
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Brieftheory(darkmatter)
Presenceofdarkmattercaninduceachangeinthefundamentalconstants:
Clockresponseisduetothechangeintheatomictransitionfrequency:
ActionofthetheoryandinteractionLagrangian:
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Exampleofanatomicclock(87Sr@ JILA)
Source:“Anopticallatticeclockwithaccuracyandstabilityatthe10−18 level”,B.J.Bloomatal.,Nature 506, 71–75 (2014)
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Brieftheory(clocks)Averagefractionalfrequencydeviation:
Allanvariance(continuousversion):
W.J.Riley,“Handbookoffrequencystabilityanalysis”Regimeofourinterest:
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GeneralideaofthemeasurementComparetwoclocksassumingeitherofthetwodarkmatterconfigurations:darkmatterwavesortopologicaldefects.
1.Waveswithfrequency 2.Clumpsofdarkmatterofsize
Images:Phys.org,http://danielpalacios.info 5
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Anomaliesinthestabilityplots
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n=1:
n=2:
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n=1:
n=2:
NEW
NEW
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1Hz
1Hz
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Furtherdirections
EARTH
𝑙#
𝑙$
𝜃
• ComparingmechanicalclocksallowstotestlargerDMmasses(Bohrradiusscaleswith𝛼)
• Onecanstudystochasticbackgroundsofvariousfields(includingDMwaves)bycross-correlatingnoisesfromdifferentatomicsensors:atomicclocks(scalarDM),atominterferometers(vectorDM).
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Conclusions• Comparisonofultra-stableatomicclocksprovidesanopportunityfordirecttestsoflightdarkmatter.• TimedomainanalysisopensaccesstoanewregionofparameterspacefortheDMmassesandcouplings.• ExistingdataforHg+/Al+ comparisonputsnewlimitsontheDMcouplingintheDMwavebackground.• Networksofatomicsensorscanbeusedforthesearchofthestochasticbackgroundsofnewfields.
ThisworkhasbeendoneundersupervisionofDr.NanYuwithinthesciencestudyoftheACEScollaborationproject.WearegratefultoSlava Turyshev,EricBurt,JasonWilliams,DmitryDuev andAndreiDerevianko forusefulcommentsandsuggestions.
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