REPORT ON ENERGY RESOURCES

Introduction:Energy is a scarce commodity. Energy in any form is a scarce

commodity and an expensive resource. However, if we look at the predicted future human population figures and consider the probability that the individual life expectancy will increase, we see that energy could, in the future, be deficit. Unless that supply is increased it will be a source of friction in human affairs. Hence the need for energy conservation arises.

Energy Conservation is the deliberate practice or an attempt to save electricity, fuel oil or gas or any other combustible material, to be able to put to additional use for additional productivity without spending any additional resources or money. Energy Efficiency is achieved when energy intensity in a specific product, process or area of production or consumption is reduced without effecting output, consumption or comfort levels. Promotion of energy efficiency will contribute to energy conservation and is therefore an integral part of energy conservation.

One of the ways of using energy effectively &conserving it is by conducting energy auditEnergy audit is nothing but the verification, monitoring and analysis of energy usage including submission of technical report containing recommendations for improvingenergy efficiency with cost benefit analysis and an action plan to reduce energy consumption.

ENERGY USAGE of K.I.T.S campus, Ramtek

Electricity:

No. of Transformers = 2 Transformer 1 = 200k.v. Transformer 2 = 150k.v. Connector load from M.S.E.B = 350k.v.

Backup facilities:

No. of Generators = 2 Generator 1 = 200k.v. Generator 2 = 100k.v.2 panel boards connected to each transformer

I) Electricity consumption per building

1. Civil Engineering + Laboratories = 31.78kw2. Mech. Engineering + laboratories =23.65kw3. Elect. & Comp Technology + Laboratories =53.41kw4. Administrative Bldg. =82.38kw5. Lighting loads in the college =44.44kw

..….…………………...Total =235.66kw

II) Hostels quarters side

1. Lighting load in Hostels =55.50 kw 2. Lighting load in Staff quarters =38.73 kw3. Pumps for Water supply =40.19 kw4. Street Light = 5.70 kw ..….…………………...

Total =139.92 kw

Total connected load (I + II) = 375.58 kw

= 417.31 kva

STUDY & ANALYSIS OF LIGHT SOURCES

Alternative lighting:

LED- Led lighting systems can be made use in college building as well as in hostel building. Led lights have following advantages compared to the Compact Fluorescent Lighting, Incandescent Lamps. The below table gives the comparison:

CASE STUDY ANALYSIS OF SET-JU CAMPUS, BANGALORE

Calculations for LED’s.LED’s have a life span of 50,000 hours. Now considering for corridor lighting the lights are on for an average of 11 hours.Yearly usage=11*365 = 4015 hoursReplacement of each light = 50000/4015 = 12.45 yearsCost of each LED cluster light = Rs.9,000(depending on model chosen).Installation of 30 LED’s = 9000*30 = Rs.1,80,000Annual cost of electricity consumption of LED’s = 30*29*6.50*4015 = Rs 2,27,04,825Total cost for 12.45 years = 1,80,000 +(22704825*12.45) = Rs.28,28,55,071.2

Calculations for CFL’sCFL’s have a life span of 10,000 hours.Now considering for corridor lighting the lights are on for an average of 11 hoursYearly usage=11*365 = 4015 hoursReplacement of each light = 10000/4015 = 2.49 yearsCost of each CFL light = Rs.2,600 (surface mounted)Cost of installation of 30 = 2600*30=Rs.78,000Cost of replacement of 30 lights = 30*45 = Rs.1,350Energy cost for 12.45 years at Rs.6.50 =

12.45*30*4015*6.50*36 = Rs.35, 09, 06, 985Total cost for 12.45 years = 78000 + 35, 09, 06,985 + 6750 =

Rs.35, 09, 91,735Total savings in 12.45 years = Rs.(35,09,91,735 - 28,28,55,071.25) =

Rs 6,81,36,663.75

ELECTRICITY USAGE OF ARCHITECTURE DEPT. K.I.T.S, RAMTEK

GROUND FLOOR CALCULATIONS

No. of tube lights = 55No. of CFL’s = 39No. of Bulbs = 1

Electricity usage of Tube Lights = 55 x 40 x 8(per day) = 17,600 W-H - (i)Electricity usage of CFL’s = 15 x 39 x 8(per day) = 4680 W-H - (ii)Electricity usage of bulbs = 60 x 8

= 480 W-H - (iii)

Total = (i) + (ii) + (iii) - (a)=22,760 W-H

FIRST FLOOR CALCULATIONS

No. of Tube lights = 78No. of Bulb = 2

Electricity usage of Tube lights = 78 x 40 x 8(per day) = 24960 W-H - (iv)Electricity usage of bulbs = 60 x 2 x 8(per day) =960 W-H - (v)

Total = (iv) + (v) = 25,920 W-H - (b)

Total Electricity usage = (a) + (b) = 48,680 W-H

Annual No. of days for electricity usage = 250(After deducting holidays)Total usage of electricity per year = 48,680 x 250

= 1,21,70,000 W-H = 12,170 KW-H = 12170/(250*8) = 6.085 KW

PROPOSAL FOR ALTERNATIVE ELECTRICITY USAGE IN ARCHITECTURE DEPT. K.I.T.S, RAMTEK

On the basis of case study analysis and the literary study from vivid sources, we came to the conclusion of using CFL’s in the campus

building for better eyesight and to reduce the strain on eyes of the students.

GROUND FLOOR CALCULATIONS

No. of CFL LIGHTS = 98No. of CFL Bulbs = 1

Electricity usage of CFL lights = 98 x 14 x 8(per day) = 10,976 W-H - (i)Electricity usage of CFL bulbs = 15 x 1 x 8(per day) = 120 W-H - (ii)

FIRST FLOOR CALCULATIONS

No. of CFL LIGHTS = 187No. of CFL Bulbs = 2

Electricity usage of Tube lights = 187 x 14 x 8(per day) = 20944 W-H - (iii)Electricity usage of bulbs = 2 x15 x 8(per day) = 240 W-H - (iv)

Total usage of proposed CFL Lights = (i) + (iii) = 31,920 W-H

Total usage of CFL Lamps = (ii) + (iv) = 31920 W-H

Total electricity usage = 32,280 W-HAnnual No. of days for electricity usage = 250(After deducting holidays)Total usage of electricity per year = 32,280 x 250

= 80,70,000 W-H = 8,070 KW-H

= 8070/(250*8) = 4.035 KW

Power Saved with the new proposal for CFL lights:

Power saved = 6.085 – 4.035= 2.035 KW

Solar Street Lighting:

The solar lighting system consists of a Solar Photo Voltaic Module, Luminaries and Battery and with Battery box. The SPV Modules convert solar energy to electrical energy during the day, which in turn is used to charge the battery.

Some of the benefits to the institution are:

Zerorunning cost, Perfect alternative for power cuts, noline voltage, trenching, or metering , no power outages, battery backup for cloudy or rainy days, no scheduled maintenance for up to 5 years, no cost of replacing concrete,

asphalt or landscaping, long-life PV modules with more than 25 years of power generation

capacity, environmentally friendly - 100% powered by the sun,

For street lighting, solar and LED can be combined together to achieve optimization in cost. The calculations of the payback are as shown below. 36W LED’S are sufficient for street lighting purpose.

1. Cost of 1 fixture of LED = Rs.9000/-2. Total no of lamps to be replaced by LED = 253. Therefore total cost of 25 LED fixtures =

Rs.9000*25 = Rs.2, 25, 000/-4. Total watt required by 25 LED fixtures = 36*25 = 900 W5. Solar panel output rating to be chosen = 1000 W6. The peak watt rating (Wp) = 1380 W Battery rating = 400A-h7. Cost of installation of the above mentioned ratingsolar generator with battery = Rs.1,72,3608. Total cost of installation of LED fixtures and solar generator r= 2,25,000+1, 72, 360=Rs.3, 97, 3609. Life hours of LED = 50,000 hours10. Usage of street lights in hours = 1211. Energy consumption of LED’s from the power drawn

fromMSEB = 012. Therefore the cost of per unit power = 013. Change of the battery after 10 years = Rs.10000*4 = Rs.40, 00014. Total expenditure incurred using LED’s for 11.41 years = Rs.397360+40,000 = Rs.4,37,360