score cleaner 1 - doremirdoremir.com/files/scorecleaner-manual-en.pdf · songs and snippets are...

TUTORIAL And

REFEREnCE mAnUAL

score

1cleaner

3

contentswelcome to scorecleaner ............................................................5

Introduction – What is ScoreCleaner? .....................................................................................5 About this manual ...............................................................................................................................6 Prerequisites ............................................................................................................................................6 Installation .................................................................................................................................................6 Midi setup .................................................................................................................................................7

tutorial ...................................................................................................81. simple – record, clean, print and save ....................................................................8

Record ........................................................................................................................................................8 Clean ........................................................................................................................................................ 10 Print and save ...................................................................................................................................... 13

2. arrange – polyphony, overdub and merge ....................................................... 15 Automatic voice separation – voices and chords .......................................................... 15 Overdub – adding voices ............................................................................................................. 19 Append songs – extend your arrangement ...................................................................... 22

3. musical –

scorecleaner recognizes various musical structures ................... 25 Rubato and syncopation ............................................................................................................... 25

Rubato 25, Syncopation 26 Swing notation and triple division ........................................................................................... 28 Composite meters ........................................................................................................................... 30 Non-metrical structure (free rhythm) .................................................................................. 31 Click-track recording ....................................................................................................................... 33

4. edit – easy, fast and powerful editing ................................................................ 36 Powerful global editing ................................................................................................................... 36 Changing the Time Signature (song window) ................................................................... 36

Changing Note Values 37, Changing Measure Length 38 Changing metrical phase – Pickup measures .................................................................... 39 Changing key signature – Key, mode and transpostion ............................................... 41

Changing Key and Mode 41, Transpose 43 Correct mistakes – Changing notes, accidentals and rests ........................................ 43

Erase rests 45, Change note 45, Change accidentals – Alterations 45, Turn note into rest and change rhythm 45

4 contents

REFERENCE ...........................................................................................47

1. the listener – working with snippets .................................................................. 47Concepts ................................................................................................................................................ 47The listener window and toolbar ............................................................................................ 48Editing a snippet for cleaning – selection, crop and split snippet ........................... 49

Crop 49, Split Snippet 50, The Listener Menu 50, Save, Open snippets and more options 51

2. the navigator – finding your way around your music ........................ 52Concepts ................................................................................................................................................ 52The Navigator window .................................................................................................................. 52

3. the song – the musical score document ......................................................... 54Concepts ................................................................................................................................................ 54The Song window ............................................................................................................................. 54The Edit menu .................................................................................................................................... 58More song options ........................................................................................................................... 59

4. the menu bar .........................................................................................................60The Scorecleaner menu ................................................................................................................ 60The File menu ..................................................................................................................................... 62The Edit menu .................................................................................................................................... 64The Listener menu ........................................................................................................................... 64The Record menu ............................................................................................................................ 64The Window menu .......................................................................................................................... 66

keyboard shortcuts .................................................................................................................... 67Listener.................................................................................................................................................... 67Navigator ............................................................................................................................................... 67Song .......................................................................................................................................................... 68

introduction – What is scorecleaner?

ScoreCleaner is an application that interprets MIDI perform-ance input and converts it to Standard Western Music nota-tion. In other words, it performs “automatic transcription”. It differs from other comparable softwares since it doesn’t re-quire you to make specific settings of tempo, key signature, time signature, smallest note value, number of voices etc. – and that you do not need to use click-track in order to retrieve a useful notation from your performance. ScoreCleaner makes a prediction of how a listener might perceive the structure in the music you play and can thus be regarded as a “virtual listener and notation assistant”, a listen-er who is an expert at transcribing music but who doesn’t know beforehand the pieces you are playing. ScoreCleaner is based on long-term academic research in music cognition and has been tested on an extensive body of music showing that ScoreCleaner is quite successful in transcribing music. How-ever, music notation is not always a simple, straightforward task and it is important to realize that there is seldom only one correct notation of a musical piece, since it depends a lot on conventions about music notation. When it is possible for a hu-man listener who does not already know the piece of music to understand the musical structure, ScoreCleaner will generally provide a useful transcription that can be used instantly with a minimum of editing.

welcome to scorecleaner

– a new concept for music notation

6 welcome to scorecleaner

about this manualThis manual contains information of how to download, install and use ScoreCleaner. Although ScoreCleaner has a very sim-ple user interface we would strongly suggest that you read the entire manual and also watch the guided video tour, which can be found on www.doremir.com/en/products under each chapter. This manual is divided into a Tutorial and a Reference sec-tion. In the beginning of each major section in the Tutorial there is a ‘Need to know’ - text box, which is all you have to read if you are eager to get started!

prerequisitesThis version of ScoreCleaner runs on Apple Macintosh com-puters with Intel processors under Mac OS X 10.5 and later, including Mac OS X 10.7 Lion. You also need a MIDI keyboard (or another MIDI device) connected to your computer to use ScoreCleaner. If you e.g. have a digital piano you might need to get a separate MIDI interface to connect the instrument to the computer.

installationScoreCleaner can be downloaded at the following link:

http://www.doremir.com/en/download/

When it is downloaded, open the disk image. Please read the read me file. Then, drag the application icon to your Applica-tions folder (or other preferred folder).

When starting ScoreCleaner it will automatically perform ad-ditional installations: The ScoreCleaner font, Modusnotes, will be installed. Drag the ScoreCleaner icon to the dock from the applica-tions folder if you want to open ScoreCleaner from the dock.

welcome to scorecleaner 7

midi setupWhen the application is installed, open ScoreCleaner by dou-ble-clicking its icon. You will find preferences under the Score-Cleaner menu at the top left. Here you can choose the MIDI input device that is connected to your computer. You can also choose what output device to use - default is QuickTime GM Synth (which is a software synthesizer built into Mac OS X). Now you are ready to use ScoreCleaner.

Choose input device from the list and click OK.

TUTORIAL

1. simple – record, clean, print and save

recordScoreCleaner has a very simple, intuitive user interface: Once you have opened the application and checked that your MIDI device is connected, just play your keyboard and ScoreCleaner starts to record. When recording you will see notes appearing in the listener window. Stop recording by pressing the space bar or just wait around five seconds and the recording will stop by itself. Play a song! Let’s try this one at a moderate tempo, as a first try: (Alternatively, open Snippet 1 in ScoreCleaner Demo Files www.doremir.com/en/support/scldemofiles with File> Open MIDI file > Raw)

how to notate music in scorecleaner:1. Play2. Stop recording by pressing the space bar or just wait3. Double-click on the recorded “snippet” in the Listener

and ScoreCleaner will produce a musical score

1. simple – record, clean, print and save 9

Stop the recording by pressing the Space bar. As you play, notes will appear in the Listener window and when you are done something like the picture below will appear on your screen:

ScoreCleaner has recorded your playing in the Listener win-dow, which displays the notes you played and roughly for how long they sounded in terms of note values. This is called a Snip-pet in ScoreCleaner. You can listen to your recorded Snippet by pressing the space bar or clicking on the play button in the listener window. You can record multiple snippets and a list of all the snippets is stored in the Navigator window. You can also edit your snippet in different ways (including deleting a snip-pet), see Tutorial Chapter 4, Edit.

ScoreCleaner menu

The Navigator

The Listener

Listen to your recording by clicking on the play button or by pressing space bar.

10 tutorial10 tutorial

cleanThe Listener display of the music is, however, not a useful musi-cal notation. In order to get a musical score, just double-click on the Snippet. ScoreCleaner will analyze it – clean it – which means turning it into a readable musical score. In a few seconds another window, a Song window, will ap-pear on your screen, which might look like this:

Songs and Snippets are displayed in the Navigator.

The Song window

• Time Signature• Tempo• Key and Mode• Voices• Rhythm• Pickup Measures• Clefs etc. are auto-

matically assigned


ScoreCleaner analyzes your playing and produces a useful score in Standard Western notation from it. It contains most of what you need, in order to play the music, Time Signature, Notes and Rhythm, Tempo, Key and Mode, Voices (in this case only one), Clefs etc.

There is generally more than one way of correctly transcribing a piece of music and it might be that your notation looked dif-ferently, most likely like one of the two examples above. The differences in notation can depend on how fast or how regularly you played. None of the above three notations is wrong given the very limited information inherent in the melody of “Twinkle, Twinkle Little Star”. Which one you prefer might be related to traditions, conventions or personal choice. Therefore, we have made it very easy to transform the inter-pretation of the notations, a topic we will return to in Chapter 4, Edit.

Did you not get a notation like the ones above? Try recording again and think about:

� Try not to cut phrase ends too much� Try not to make abrupt tempo shifts

4/2 time – double bar length

4/4 time – double bar length


ScoreCleaner models how humans notate music and can suc-cessfully separate tempo changes like rubato playing from rhythmic changes, even including considerably ritardando and accelerando – but it will have a hard time guessing what you are after if you cut the phrase ends very much or make abrupt changes in tempo. If you got a notation with no time signature, ScoreCleaner has considered your playing to be non-metrical (“free rhythm”), see Chapter 3, Musical. To avoid this, try being a little straight with regards to tempo in the beginning of the piece – this helps ScoreCleaner to interpret the piece as metrical. Note also that ScoreCleaner analyses the time based on all the recorded events, so if you play something “free” before you start playing according to a beat, the entire recording will be interpreted as non-metrical – skip the free intro or erase it from the analysis later! (see Reference, Chapter 1).

you get better results from scorecleaner if you� Play clearly and distinctly� Play with organic musical phrasing� Avoid cutting or extending phrase ends to the extreme� Avoid abrupt tempo shifts� Don’t mix “free rhythm” and tempo. Skip or unselect the

“free intro”

tip!


print and save

In order to present the music to a performer, you might want to add some information about the song. Click on the Song info button in the tool bar of the Song Window and a pop-up dialogue will appear in which you can type in basic information about the Song.

When you have added the information and clicked OK, it will appear in the Song document, like this:

To print, just choose print from the ScoreCleaner File menu or use the generic print command -P and a common print dialogue will appear.

Song info


In the File menu there are several options for saving your work and for exporting it to other applications for further editing.

� Save Song as ScoreCleaner Document (.scld). This is the standard format which saves a song document including all the edits you have performed in the current song window. You can open a ScoreCleaner document in ScoreCleaner by double-clicking the document icon in the Finder.

� Export Current Snippet saves a selected snippet (high-lighted in the Listener window) the original recording, in Standard MIDI file format, which can be reopened in i.e. ScoreCleaner

� Save all Snippets saves all the snippets in the session listed in the Navigator and in the Listener to a folder with today’s date in Standard MIDI file format. This option is very use-ful when you want to continue working with a project at another time.

� Export Song as mIdI saves the current song in Standard MIDI file format, which can be useful if you want to use entire songs or voices in a sequencer program.

� Export Song as music XmL saves the current song in Mu-sicXML file format, which is especially useful if you need to make further editing to your score in a more advanced score editing (music notation) application, since the inter-pretation made by ScoreCleaner as well as edits made by you are preserved when opening the file in the other ap-plication.

Save Song in ScoreCleaner Document format (.scld) Save selected snippet

as MIDI file (.mid)

Save all Snippets in Listener as MIDI files (.mid)

For exporting to other applications

15

2. arrange – polyphony, overdub and merge

Automatic voice separation – voices and chordsOne of the key features of ScoreCleaner is advanced voice separation, which is deduced from the structure of the music you play. Play the following simple arrangement of “Twinkle, Twinkle Little Star”: Start playing and the notes will appear in the listener. Stop the recording with the space bar. Double-click and wait a few seconds for the Song window to appear. (Alternatively, open Snippet 4 in ScoreCleaner Demo Files www.doremir.com/en/support/scldemofiles with File> Open MIDI file > Raw)

how to arrange in scorecleaner: Either1. Play your arrangement on the keyboard (polyphony) –

ScoreCleaner separates voices from chords, sustained notes from true voices

2. Add voices to your score by Overdub recording

Extend songs to arrangements by dragging a song from the Navigator to another Song window


This is a resulting song score from an analysis of a performance of this arrangement: Click on the Voices button in the tool bar of the Song win-dow and the main voices ScoreCleaner have found are dis-played by different colors. In this case ScoreCleaner has found three voices, a treble voice, a tenor voice and a bass voice, the two latter displayed on the lower system. ScoreCleaner is by default in piano staff mode, which means it places the voices by register in two staves. If you want to listen to or print just one or some of the voices, you can select which voices to view and listen to by clicking off and on voices in the Voices submenu.

Since there are really three independent voices in this arrange-ment you might want to display each voice in separate systems, in an ensemble staff design. This is useful for instance when you arrange for an ensemble on the keyboard. You acquire this by clicking on the Split Staff button to the right on the tool bar :

Voices

Select which voices to display

2. arrange – pholyphony, overdub and merge 17

ScoreCleaner separates typical chordal voices from true po-lyphony, treating chords as just more notes in one voice. In the following arrangement of “Twinkle, twinkle” there is just two main voices, the lower being a chordal voice. (Play yourself or alternatively, open TwinkleChords.mid in ScoreCleaner Demo Files www.doremir.com/en/support/scldemofiles with File> Open MIDI file > Raw)

Chord voice

Split Staff displays voices on separate staves


In improvised keyboard arrangements, there is often a hybrid between true voices and chords, which is also modeled by ScoreCleaner. Moreover, sustained notes may be common which may result in sub-voices, i.e. temporary extensions of true voices, like in this example. (ScoreCleaner Demo Files, twinkle_subvoice)

Sub-voice division

you can help scorecleaner interpret your poly-phonic arrangement better if you play notes that you want to belong to the same voice � Not too short (more legato than staccato) and � not sounding too long after their desired duration (not

extreme legato)� The more consistent the voice structure is, the easier it

is for ScoreCleaner to make a useful guess about voice separation

� For longer pieces with varying voice structure, like e.g. sonata movements, it can be a good idea to divide the recording into sections with similar structure (see Ap-pend Songs p. 20)

tip!


overdub – adding voicesTo add voices to your song is as easy in ScoreCleaner as to notate music. Just click on the Overdub button in the tool bar in the Song window and you will hear a click introduction of two measures. Then you can add a voice by playing along with the song – still without click-track and without having to do any settings regarding interpretation!

By default ScoreCleaner inserts the added voices in Piano Staff Layout, which means only two staves, a treble and bass system of staves, in the current example resulting in a top voice in the upper system: (Alt. open Twinkle_overdub.scld in Score-Cleaner Demo Files with Files>Open)

Overdub button (-D)

Recording cursor

New overdubsong

Added voices


ScoreCleaner inserts new voices in the staves by register, in-serting treble voices in the upper staff and bass voices in the lower system. If you for instance, recorded a voice with a reg-ister between the melody and the tenor it would have been placed as a second voice in the upper staff. ScoreCleaner actually produces a new song window for each overdub, by default named the original name of the song followed by the word overdub. The original song is found be-hind the overdub window. You can always return to your origi-nal song, without even having to deselect voices.

Suppose, however, that you would want to add the new voice into a new separate staff, for instance if it was to be played by another instrument. Then you need to deselect Piano Staff Layout in the Record menu. If we perform an overdub, adding a similar voice to the same original Song with Piano Staff Layout deselected it will appear in a separate staff:

Deselect Piano Staff Layout to add new voices into new

staves.

Added voice


Note that it is perfectly possible to add more voices at the same time onto more than one staff, for example adding a piano accompaniment to a melody. Moreover, you can continue to overdub and ScoreClean-er will place the additional voices in system in register order. Here we have added a chord voice to the previous overdub, which results in another staff placed between the top voice and the piano arrangement: (see twinkle_chord_overdub.scld in ScoreCleaner Demo Files)

You can select which voices to show or hide in the Voices sub-menu, by clicking on the Voices button in the Toolbar.

Added chordal voice


append songs – extend your arrangementAnother way to arrange music in ScoreCleaner is to combine songs. You do this by appending one song to another: Just click-drag a song from the navigator window to the song you want to append it to, then the two songs will merge. This is very useful not only for arranging music, but also for exam-ple when you record and transcribe a song in sections, e.g. an a- and a b-part separately, or when you would like to create a repetitive pattern, like an ostinato. Here is an example in which we will add an introduction to an arrangement of “Twinkle, Twinkle, Little Star”. We will create the introduction by selecting a part of the Snippet and “Clean” it by itself, creating a short song which can serve as the intro-duction. (Play yourself or open twinkle_overdub_snippet4 by Files>Open and Snippet 4 by Files>Open MIDI File> Raw).

Original song overdub

Original snippet

1. Select part of snippet by clicking-drag-release

2. Click Crop to selection to execute the selection


First we selected the two first phrases of the song by click-dragging over the area we wanted to use as an introduction. You can listen to the selection by pressing the space bar or press the Play button. In order to execute the selection and hide the unselected notes, press Crop to Selection in the Lis-tener toolbar. Then the unselected notes become greyed out and you can see the shaded background color delimiting the selection:

Then double-click on the selection in order to clean just that bit and you will get a two-bar song from the selection.

nB! It is not unlikely that ScoreCleaner will come up with an analysis different from that of the entire song, especially if you make a short selection, in which case you may need to edit the new voice before continuing.

Active selection Deselected notes

Click and drag theselection boundary tochange the selection


Now you got two songs in two different windows, which both are displayed in the Navigator window by the same name, here Snippet 4. Adjust the size of the windows so you can see both of the songs. Then append the original song (the longer one) by click-dragging it and releasing it on the new one. You will see a rounded rectangle with a plus sign in the lower right corner indicating that you append the song.

The result becomes a merged song, where the original song is appended to the first two bars of the new song.

Click-drag and drop original from navigator to new song to append

Original Song Overdub

New Song Intro

25

3. musical – scorecleaner recognizes various musical structures

rubato and syncopationThe basic concept of ScoreCleaner is that you should be able to play musically while you notate your music. However, since it attempts to model how a listener who is not familiar with the song you play or the musical style may interpret your mu-sic, there are constraints to how freely you can interpret the music. To get a desired notation from playing in ScoreCleaner, it is generally more successful to play in a musically clear way with organic timing than to play absolutely straight, like a machine. It depends, however on the music you play.Let us give a few examples, which may serve as hints for suc-cessful use of ScoreCleaner.

rubatoWe will use Standard MIDI files from the folder ScoreCleaner Demo Files which can be found on www.doremir.com/en/sup-port/scldemofiles

scorecleaner automatically tracks� Rubato and Syncopation� Swing timing� Composite meters� Non-metrical music (Free Rhythm)� Pickup measures

When accompaniment is missing, use Click-track recording

ScoreCleaner does not generally track change of Time Signa-ture, Key or Mode


Open the MIDI file 1. twinklewaltz.mid by choosing Open MIDI File > Raw from the ScoreCleaner Demo Files folder and you will see the file appearing in the listener as a snippet. Listen to the recorded snippet2. by pressing the space bar or choose play from the Listener Tool Bar. As you can hear the tempo fluctuates quite a lot. It is a lot slower in the beginning than towards the end and there is a substantial ritardando at the very end.

3. double-Click on the snippet (or on the name of the snip-pet in the Navigator window) and after a few seconds you will see the notation below (excerpt) in a song window.

Listen to the song by clicking on the Play button in the Song window and you will hear ScoreCleaners notation of the re-corded snippet played back. As you can see and hear, Score-Cleaner has removed all the tempo variations from the nota-tion. This is an example of ScoreCleaners ability to separate rhythmic and metrical structure from tempo variation.

3. musical – various musical structures 27

syncopationAnother notation problem is syncopation, which means that you articulate notes that are not on the beats but off-beat, thus hiding the beat. ScoreCleaner also tracks syncopation, provided you keep a reasonably straight tempo – it is hard also for a listener to track syncopation if you don't play with a steady tempo! Open the file latin_syncopation.mid in the folder Score-Cleaner Demo Files with Open MIDI File > Raw and listen to the snippet. As you can hear there are a lot of syncopations in the chord voice. Then double-click on the snippet. In just a few seconds you will see the analyzed, cleaned score.

when accompaniment is missing, use click-track recordi

� When accompaniment is missing, use Click-track record-ing

� ScoreCleaner does not generally track change of Time Signature, Key or Mode

� Try to keep a steady tempo when you play syncopated rhythms

� Play with natural timing and organic tempo-variations when playing rubato-style music

� If you are unsure if the metrical notation is correct, click on the Click icon in the Song toolbar and you will hear a click-track when you playback the song

tip!


swing notation and triple divisionIn some notation styles, such as Jazz notation, it is common not to display uneven rhythmic divisions of beats as tuplets, but rather as even eighth notes. This is a notation convention that has to be set referencely in ScoreCleaner since it differs from standard notation even though ScoreCleaner in fact automati-cally detects swing timing in the quantization process. Open the file swingex.mid in the folder ScoreCleaner Demo Files with Open MIDI File > Raw and listen to the snip-pet. As you can hear it is played with general long-short rhyth-mization, perhaps moderate swing-feel, but not especially tight. Then double-click on the snippet. In just a few seconds you will see the analyzed, cleaned score in a Song window.

If you compare it to the original you will notice that all rhythms have been quantized to fit with triple division, which is a bit more uneven than in the original. In order to have it displayed as Swing notation just click on the Toggle Swing button in the Song tool bar.


As you can see all triplets are erased and the beats are subdi-vided into ‘even’ eighth notes. Still the syncopated rhythms are displayed and when you listen to the Song you will still hear triple division. Even within other musical styles triple division may be notated in different ways, according to different conventions. Therefore, we have made it possible to switch between duple subdivision and triple subdivision of beats by a single click. If you first click on the Toggle Swing button again to return to Triplet notation (duple division) and then click on the Triple Time you will see the following notation:

This will still sound exactly like before. The difference is that the notation demonstrates a triple subdivision of the beats, indicat-ing a sub-tactus pulse level.

Time Signaturechange to 12/8

Triple Time button


composite metersOne feature that makes ScoreCleaner stand out from most other comparable applications is that it can interpret more complex metrical structures than the most common time-signatures within Western music. In many musical styles 5, 7, 9, 10 etc. beats per measure is rather common. Moreover, beats may be grouped differently in different measures. Open the file asymmetrical.mid in the folder ScoreCleaner Demo Files with Open MIDI File > Raw and listen to the snip-pet. As you can hear there are only short notes with asym-metrical accentuation. Then double-click on the snippet. In just a few seconds you will see the analyzed, cleaned score:

As you can see and hear ScoreCleaner interprets the beat grouping according to the grouping indicated by the melody structure, where the beaming of the notes show the beat-grouping within the measures, 2+2+2+3 and 3+3+3. In this case the beat grouping was indicated in the melody by recurring melodic patterns, but it was also indicated through the playing by the accentuation. The metrical interpretation is influenced by your performance, so if you make a clear inter-pretation it is more likely ScoreCleaner will recognize your intentions.

� If you get triplets instead of desired eighth notes or vice versa you can easily convert the notation to your prefer-ence by using the Toggle Swing and Triple Time com-mands

tip!

Triple Time button


ScoreCleaner can also, to a limited degree track changes in Time Signature when it is acomposite meter (subdivided beats). However, ScoreCleaner is a bit biased towards regular pulse and regular measures, so if you want to change time, it is a good idea to record a piece in different sections or use Click-track recording where the change of Time signature can be set in advance.

non-metrical structure (free rhythm)ScoreCleaner interprets if your recording is likely to be per-ceived as metrical, i.e. perceived as related to a pulse like most dance music, or is likely to be perceived as non-metrical (“phrase-based” or with “free rhythm”), without general met-rical structure – without pulse. In non-metrical music it feels unnatural to stomp your feet along with the music. Non-metrical music is actually more common than you might think. A lot of vocal music around the world has no pulse or meter, not to the least chants and religious songs, but this is also true for some film music, certain modern art music and music used for relaxation. Like a human listener, ScoreCleaner, attempts to find a reg-ular beat and measure level in your music, such as in the “Twin-kle, twinkle” example, but if ScoreCleaner does not succeed it assumes that it is non-metrical (’phrase-based’). It then divides the music into phrases and makes a quantization according to the phrase structure. Phrase boundaries are displayed as bar lines.

� You can help ScoreCleaner recognize asymmetrical beat patterns by accentuation

� If you want to record music with changing Time Signa-tures you can record the Song in sections and use ap-pend or use Click Track recording (see below)

tip!

32 tutorial

Open the file edwards_nonmetrical.mid in the folder Score-Cleaner Demo Files with Open MIDI File > Raw and listen to the snippet. As you can hear there are long notes and or-namented passages. This is a Swedish traditional herding call converted to MIDI from an audio recording. Then double-click on the snippet. In just a few seconds you will see the analyzed, cleaned score:

Listen to the recording. As can be seen in the illustration there is no Time-signature in the resulting score and Non-Metrical shows in the lower left corner of the window. If you listen to the Song, you will hear that the notation is quite close to the original, with gentle quantization. Since ScoreCleaner like most human listeners, is biased to-wards recognizing metrical structures, you may need to use the command Clean Snippet Non-metrical under the Listener menu in the ScoreCleaner menu bar to achieve a non-metrical interpretation. Most users will on the other hand be surprised by a non-metrical interpretation of their playing. ScoreCleaner chooses a non-metrical interpretation when it cannot find a consistent pulse throughout the recording. In order to avoid a non-met-rical interpretation try being a little more straight with regards to tempo especially in the beginning of a piece. If you have a recording with both free sections and tempo sections, notate the different sections separately by making selections for analy-sis in the Listener (see Reference, Chapter 1, The Listener).

No time signature

Metrical status

”Bar lines” shows Phrase boundaries


click-track recordingAlthough recording without click-track is sufficient for most situations, there are some musical situations where click-track recording, i.e. recording in relation to a metronome click, is needed. This is especially useful when the entire musical struc-ture does not show in the music which is recorded into Score-Cleaner, for example if your performance relates to an imag-ined accompaniment which is not played. It can also be useful when you play something with a varying or complex metrical structure or when it is hard to keep a regular tempo through-out your playing. Open the file need-click-snippet in the folder ScoreCleaner Demo Files with Open MIDI File>Raw and listen to the snippet. As you can hear the metrical structure is somewhat ambigu-ous. Then double-click on the snippet. In just a few seconds you will see the analyzed, cleaned score:

However, this snippet was originally conceived in relation to a 3/4-time metronome click, like this:

� You can force a Non-metrical interpretation by using the Clean Snippet Non-metrical command

� You can usually avoid non-metrical interpretation if you play a little more straight and do not mix metrical struc-ture in the same recording – deselect the “free intro”

tip!

34 tutorial

ScoreCleaner cannot, like most listeners, arrive at the above score, since there are not enough structural cues to reveal the composers intentions and since the structural cues are ambiguous. This is a case when it is useful to use click-track recording. Try this by opening Click-Track Recording from the Record menu (-R).

The Time Signature fields defines the click-track. You can define your own Beat Grouping by changing the values in the Beat Grouping field. You can also add Time Signature shifts by add-ing more Time Signatures to the beat map by clicking on the + sign and define the number of measures it will continue before switching to another Time Signature. To record our example piece, set Tempo in the Click Record Dialogue to 144. Click on the choose Time Signature radio button and select 3/4 from the drop-down menu, then click in the Beat Grouping field and you will see that it shows 1+1+1/4. By default you get two measures introduction. However, you can change this value, as well as if there should be a pickup measure or not.

Click Track RecordingDialogue

Tempo

Additional Time Signatures

Time Signature Beat Grouping Number of measures

Count in

Pickup Measure


Try recording the example piece above by clicking on the Record button and then play (or open the ScoreCleaner doc-ument need-click-song.scld by choosing Open from the File menu) Click on the metronome icon in the Song toolbar and listen to the song. The perception of the song is quite different when you hear the accompanying metronome click.

� Use Click-track recording when your playing is relating to a “silent” accompaniment or when you need changing Time Signatures

tip!

36

4. edit – easy, fast and powerful editing

powerful global editingScoreCleaner interprets what you play but let’s you decide which interpretation you prefer. ScoreCleaner allows quick and simple editing of both recordings in the “listener window” as well as the interpreted notations. You can choose to only notate a part of the piece you just played, a great improvisation for example, and then fuse it with other pieces of notations using simple drag and drop, adjusting prelude, time signature, pulse, key and tempo showing your notation with or without swing timing. There are basically two types of editing of a song in Score-Cleaner: editing of ScoreCleaners interpretation and editing of the music itself. Since ScoreCleaner is designed basically for playing music and not edit music, the former type is more de-veloped and offers a unique set of tools.

Changing the Time Signature (song window)Which Time Signature should be notated is often a matter of conventions and personal choice. Let us return to the example of Twinkle, Twinkle Little Star, that was used as an example in the previous sections. Open the file Snippet 4 in the folder ScoreCleaner Demo Files with Open MIDI File > Raw. Clean by double-clicking the Snippet in the Listener or double-click the Snippet in the Navigator window.

fast, easy and accessible edit of interpretation of� Key and Mode� Time Signature� Note Values� Pickup measures� Transpose your music or change tempo according to

your choice� Correct mistakes easy by clicking on the note or rest,

erase it or drag it to its desired position

4. editing 37

The resulting analysis of the song gives an adequate but some-what unusual Time Signature for the song, 4/2. However, it is likely that you would see Twinkle, Twinkle notated in 4/4 in music books, which can be achieved either by halving the note values or reducing the length of the measures. Both these transformations can be easily done in ScoreCleaner.

changing note valuesLet us start with changing the Note values: Click on the Time Denominator icon in the Song Tool bar and choose Shift Time Denominator Up.

Thus you will change the beat duration from half notes to quarter notes and the Time Signature will change to 4/4. NB. It is still 4 beats per measure and the tempo is the same, it is only the note values that are changed.

Shift Time Denominator changes beat duration,

hence all Note values and the Time Signature accordingly

38 tutorial

changing measure lengthThe other possible transformation of the interpretation is to halve the length of the measures, keeping the same note val-ues. First return to the previous notation by e.g. choosing Undo Shift Time Denominator from the Edit menu (-Z) or use Shift Time Denominator Down. Start by reducing the length of the measure by clicking the Time Numerator button in the Song Tool bar and choose Shift Time Numerator down twice. (⌥⇧ 2).

But we have still half notes as beat. To change this, click on the Beat Density button in the Song Tool bar and choose . This means that there will be four instead of two beats per measure.

Now there are four beats per measure, and since the Beat Density is double what it was before the tempo is doubled. However, the song still sounds exactly the same. We have only changed the notation. In order to hear the change we can use

Shift Time Numerator changes the number of beats per measure

Changing Beat Density changes the frequency of beats per measure,

hence the Tempo and Time signature

4. editing 39

the Click button in the Song Tool bar which makes the change in interpretation audible – it clicks twice as many times per measure as before.

changing metrical phase – pickup measuresScoreCleaner automatically, and for the most part correctly, tracks Pickup measures. Open the file OhSusannah.mid in ScoreCleaner Demo Files by using Open MIDI File>Raw from the File menu and Double-Click to Clean it or Play it yourself.

However, even very well known songs can be ambiguous with regards to pickup measure interpretation. Open the file Clem-entineI_nopickup.mid in ScoreCleaner Demo Files by using Open MIDI File > Raw from the File menu and Double-Click to Clean it.

� Shift Time Denominator changes beat duration, hence all Note values and the Time Signature accordingly

� Shift Time Numerator changes the number of beats per measure

� Changing Beat Density changes the frequency of beats per measure, hence the Tempo and Time signature

� You can mostly change ScoreCleaners interpretation of Time and Rhythm according to your preference with a few commands instead of making another recording

� Use Keyboard shortcuts to make fast and easy edits (see Keyboard shortcuts)

tip!

40 tutorial

However consistent with the performance this is not how “Oh my darling Clementine” is notated originally. The two first notes should be an upbeat to the downbeat, and belong in a pickup measure. To change this, just click the Metrical Phase button in the Song Tool bar and choose twice or, preferably, use the key-board shortcut command ⌥ 6.

If you listen to the Snippet (select it in the Listener and press Space bar) you will hear that the performance actually indi-cates the erroneous Metrical Phase. You can help ScoreClean-er interpret your intentions by accentuating the downbeats, as in the example clementine2.mid (Choose Open MIDI File > Raw and select clementine2). More often than we usually think, it is actually possible to interpret metrical structure in different ways and since ScoreCleaner do not know any songs, it will make its interpretation based on your playing and the structural cues in the music.

Shift Metrical Phase moves all bar lines

4. editing 41

changing key signature – key, mode and transpostion

ScoreCleaner has an advanced automatic tracking of Mode and Key Signature for Major and Minor modes. However, sometimes the information in the Snippet can be too limited or ambiguous for ScoreCleaner to arrive at the desired Key and Mode interpretation.

changing key and modeOpen the file twinkle_var_key.mid in the folder ScoreCleaner Demo Files with Open MIDI File > Raw. Listen to the Snippet. As you can hear it is somewhat ambiguous regarding key and mode, indicating one mode in the beginning and another to-wards the end. Double-click to clean it.

� Shift Metrical Phase moves all barlines� You can help ScoreCleaner track your interpretation of

Metrical Phase by accentuating downbeats when the rhythmic structure is ambiguous with regards to meter

� It is very easy and quick to change metrical interpretation

tip!

42 tutorial

The resulting analysis indicates E as the Key and Minor as Mode. This is, however, not likely to be consistent with any of the two most probable alternative conceptions of key and mode, namely D major (beginning) or B minor (end). We can easily change this by using the Change Key button in the Song Tool bar. Press the Change Key button and choose e.g. Major Key > D Major. The result shows here:

As you can see what happens is that you change the interpre-tation of the Key and Mode, nothing more. This means that the Key Signature in the beginning of the staves change, temporary accidentals disappears and the Key and Mode indicator in the lower left corner of the window change.

Key and Mode indicators


Change Key Signature

4. editing 43

transposeHowever, changing Key can imply something completely dif-ferent, namely to the music according to a shift of Key. Say, for instance, that you want to transpose this piece from D Major to Eb Major. To do that, you simply click on the Transpose but-ton in the Song Tool bar and choose Up > Eb Major.

Note that there are no minor keys available when the original mode is major. To change to a minor key, start by swapping mode by using the Change Key button (or Swap mode com-mand in the Edit menu) and then Transpose.

Transpose button


Change Key and Mode via the Change Key button before using Transpose if you want to transpose the music from a major key to a minor key or vice versa

tip!

44 tutorial

correct mistakes – changing notes, accidentals and rests

We all make mistakes, especially when we are playing some-thing for the first time. Sometimes changing a single note can make the whole difference between a good piece and a bad one. Therefore, we have made it easy to correct individual mis-takes in ScoreCleaner, including changing and deleting notes and rests. The general approach is to click on the event (note or rest) you want to change to select it and then edit it. Open the file twinkle_mistakes.mid in the folder Score-Cleaner Demo Files with Open MIDI File > Raw. Listen to the Snippet. As you can hear it has some odd notes, which we will change in this exercise. Double-click to clean it.

We have marked a number of typical “errors” that you can correct.

Wrong accidentals

Unnecessary rests “Wrong” notes “Wrong” rhythm (erase note)

4. editing 45

erase restsTo erase the unnecessary rests, click on each rest and press backspace ←. As you can see the rests disappear and the previ-ous note is prolonged.

change noteChange the erroneous note in the second bar by clicking on it, then drag it one step up to an a. You hear the notes when you drag the notes vertically. Make a similar change to the c natu-ral in the first measure in the second system of staves. Note that when simply dragging a note it adapts to the current Key Signature.

change accidentals – alterationsChange the b flats in treble and bass staff in the first measure to b natural, by pressing the alt-key (⌥) while dragging the note upwards. Note that you can also get double sharps and double flats if you continue to drag further than the sharps and flats. If you click on the stem of the chord notes in the bass system all notes will be selected – click only on the note head to select only b flat. Selecting all notes in a chord is useful when you want to delete all notes with a single key stroke. You can also make quarter tone alterations by holding shift + alt (⇧⌥) while dragging the note head vertically.

turn note into rest and change rhythmBy pressing backspace ← repeatedly you can actually change the rhythm. Select the f sharp enclosed by a ring in the last measure in the first system of staves and press backspace. First the note turns into a rest. If you press a second time the rest is erased and the previous note is prolonged.

46 tutorial

When making local edits you might want to listen only from a certain point in the score. You can select the starting point for the play back by pressing the alt-key, ⌥ while you click at certain note in the score. After a few more edits you can end up with a notation that looks like this:

� You can easily correct mistakes by dragging notes in verti-cal direction or using the backspace key when notes are selected

� Remember that dragging with the alt-key press gives alterations

� Use the alt-click to listen from a certain point in the score

tip!

Alt-click in the score to select starting-point for playback

REFERENCE– all about the scorecleaner user interface

1. the listener – working with snippets

conceptsThe Listener records your playing when ScoreCleaner is open. This means that even if another application is active the Lis-tener will activate as quick as you start playing. This way, you do not have to activate ScoreCleaner to save your ideas. A recording in the Listener is termed Snippet. It is a per-formance MIDI recording (“Raw” MIDI), which means it records your playing with a milliseconds accuracy (equals 440 beats per second). The notes in the Snippet are only rough indications of note values in order to help you edit your Snippet. In ScoreCleaner a Snippet is the raw material which is used for turning your playing into a score, the latter termed Song in ScoreCleaner. The process of analyzing the Snippet into a Song score is called Clean. All the Snippets you record during a session are displayed in the Listener. Which Snippet is active at the moment is showed by a grey-blue background shade. You can navigate between snippets by arrow keys.) You can save one Snippet or all snippets – your perform-ances – for later analysis. This is especially useful when you are working with a composition or arrangement and do not know yet which parts you want to use later. You can open a perform-ance MIDI file in the listener by choosing Open MIDI file > Raw under the File menu. You can also edit a Snippet in a few different ways, and listen to the Snippet when the Listener window is active. Snip-pet edits can be made within the Listener Tool bar and via the Listener Menu in the ScoreCleaner menu bar.

48 reference

the listener window and toolbar

Select Snippet – simply by clicking on it (see also Navigator)Active – The Listener is active by default and records every-

thing you play on your MIDI instrument when connected. You can turn off recording in Listener e.g. for rehearsal by clicking the Active icon (-L).

Stop recording – A recording stops by default after a silence of about 5 seconds. However, you can stop a recording by pressing the space bar.

Play – Playback the active snippet by clicking the Play button or press space bar. The Play button and space bar also stops the playback.

Playback from chosen position – Select Playback starting point by pressing the alt key (⌥) while clicking in the active snip-pet. Then click on the Play button or use space bar.

Crop to Selection and Split Snippet – see below.Click Track – opens the Click Track Recording dialogue, in

which you can make settings for your Click Track (Metro-nome Click). In order to Record with Click Track press the Record button in the Click Track Dialogue.

Hide/Show Icons – by clicking on this button. You can change how and which Icons are displayed by right-clicking (or ctrl-click) in the Listener Tool bar.

Crop to Selection(requires selection)

Deactivate/ActivateListener Recording

Play button Click Track Recording

Split Snippet(requires Split point)

Hide/Show Icons

Time (minutes:seconds)

1. the listener 49

Clean – Clean (Analyze) the snippet into a Song (Score) by double-clicking on the Snippet.

editing a snippet for cleaning – selection, crop and split snippet

It is easy to select a part of a Snippet for Analysis. This is very useful if you for instance happen to play something that should not be included in the score or if you want to use only a sec-tion of what you have been playing in the analyzed score.

cropThere are two ways of making a selection of a Snippet for Cleaning:

Drag the outer boundaries of the Snippet into the Snippet. 1. The unselected notes will be greyish, showing that they are not part of the selection.

Make a selection by click-dragging an area. The selection 2. shows by a blue color. Then choose Crop to selection to confirm the selection and deselect the other notes.

Deselected notes

Crop Snippet by moving its boundaries

2. Confirm selectionby Crop to Selection

1. Make a selection by click-dragging over an

area

50 reference

Note that you can also increase or reduce the area of the se-lection by click-dragging its boundaries before choosing Crop to Selection. Also, the playback command adapts to the se-lected area so you can check your selection by listening before Crop. You can also undo the selection by the generic Undo com-mand -Z or select all of the current snippet by -A.

split snippetIn addition you can Split a Snippet into separate Snippets. This is very useful when you have e.g. different metrical structure within your Snippet, such as one section without pulse (Non-metrical) and one section with a regular beat (Metrical). Score-Cleaner cannot (so far) detect changes in metrical structure and hence the analysis will produce a poor result. To Split a Snippet first choose the Split point by alt-clicking at the point where you want to split. You can check that the point is correct by listening since the playback starts from the marker. Then choose Split and you will get two different snip-pets, named according to the original snippet.

You can undo this by the generic Undo command -Z.

the listener menuYou can find the Listener menu in the Score-Cleaner menu bar.. In the menu there are yet some useful op-tions and it does also display the short-cut commands such as ↑ for Clean Snippet which can be used instead of Double-Click.

1. the listener 51

Clean Snippet non-metrical – forces Non-metrical analysis of Snippets. Since metrical interpretation is more common ScoreCleaner analysis is biased towards metrical interpre-tation, and this option is useful if you prefer a phrase-based analysis of your music.

Zoom In/Zoom Out – is useful when you edit long snippets and especially using the + and - short-cut com-mands.

Select All of Current Snippet – is useful when you edit selec-tions of snippets and want to restart.

delete Snippet and delete All Snippets is useful for keeping a clean work space.

Active – has the same function as the Active button in the Listener Tool bar and is set to Active by default.

save, open snippets and more optionsWhen a Snippet is selected in the Listener you can save it by choosing Export > Export Current Snippet in the File menu. It will be saved as a Standard MIDI File Type 1, which can be opened in ScoreCleaner or another application. NB. It will not contain the Cleaned Score, but is a replica of your performance. You can also save all Snippets by choosing Export > Save All Snippets in the File menu. This is very useful when you work with a project and want to make further edits or if you just want to save your session for later. ScoreCleaner will then cre-ate a folder with todays date and save all snippets within this folder. In order to open a saved Snippet or another MIDI file as a Snippet in the Listener, choose Open MIDI file > Raw in the File menu. It will then appear in the Listener window and will be analyzed from scratch when you Clean the file. You can also name, navigate between and clean snippets in the Navigator window, which will be covered under Naviga-tor. Hide the Listener window by deselecting Listener from the Windows menu. N.B This does not mean that any of your snip-pets will disappear, they just don’t show. (Later you can choose to open the Listener again.)

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2. the navigator – finding your way around your music

ConceptsWhen composing or arranging the number of Snippets and Songs can soon become quite substantial during a session. The function of the Navigator is to help you navigate among your Snippets and Song and it gives you a good overview of your session. The Navigator can also be used for Cleaning and most im-portantly for combining songs when arranging.

the navigator window

As soon as there are Snippets or Songs they will appear in the Navigator. The total duration of the Song and Snippet is displayed in minutes and seconds. When a Snippet is selected in the Navigator it will be se-lected and displayed in the Listener. When a Song is selected the Song window will appear as the top window among the open Songs.

Step between Snippets and Songs in the list by pressing the arrow keys – up/down once a Snippet or Song is selected.

SONGS

SNIPPETS

Append one song to another by drag and drop to a Song window.

Select and Show Song and Snippet by click. Step between with arrow keys.

Clean Snippet by double-click

Click once to name Snippet

Total duration of the Snippet/Song (m.ss)

2. the navigator 53

Clean a Snippet by double-clicking the name of the Snippet in the Navigator.

name Snippets by clicking once on the Snippet in the Naviga-tor and type a name. N.B. This name only applies to the current session and is not saved when you save Snippets.

Append a Song to another Song by drag and drop from the Navigator to the Song window you want to append the song to. Make sure the target Song is visible on the screen.

Append one song to another by drag and drop to a Song window.

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3. the song – the musical score document

ConceptsThe Song is the cleaned Score. You can have multiple Songs open at the same time, which is useful for example when you arrange music. The Song window is where you make edits to your music including making additional recordings, for example when you add voices by the overdub command. In principle, the Snippets are only serving as raw material for Songs – once you have a Song, that is where you will work with your music.When you choose Save Song it is saved in ScoreCleaner Doc-ument file format (.scld), which means all of your edits will be saved when you open the Song the next time. The Song can also be exported in Standard MIDI File or Music XML file formats, when you need to use the cleaned Score in another application. What is displayed on the screen and what sounds when playing back a Song is one and the same, the notation. Thus, the Song does not contain your original recording. What you see on the screen is also what you will get when you print the Song by choosing print from the File menu.

the song window

The Song window displays the cleaned Score and it displays additional information such as Key, Mode and Metrical status in the lower left corner of the window.

The Song Tool BarSong Name Hide/Show Icons

Hoover the mouse over the button to see explanation

Select notes by clicking (green color)

Key and Metrical status

3. the song 55

The Song Tool bar contains a number of buttons which correspond to different actions. Most of these actions can also be accessed through the menu or by Short-cut commands. The Icons in the Song Tool bar can be hidden by clicking the hide/show icons button in the upper right corner of the Song window. More elaborate explanations of how to use these com-mands can be found in the tutorial in the previous chapters. In the following we will only briefly describe the functionality. You can undo edits made in the Song window by using Undo in the Edit menu or use the Undo short-cut command -Z. To see what the different Icons in the Song Tool bar does, just hoover the mouse pointer over the Icon text.

Play – Playback the Song as it is displayed in the Score (except swing notation, see below) Alternatively, press Space bar. When playing the same button/command stops playback.

Select Playback starting point by alt-click in the Score.Overdub – record additional voices. You will get a count-in

and then you can play along with your Score which re-sults in new voices added to your score. See also Overdub menu below and Tutorial. Chapter 2, Arrange. By default Overdub is in Piano Staff Layout, meaning that additional voices will be inserted in either the Treble or Bass staff. You can change this by deselecting Piano Staff Layout in the Record menu. Overdub stops currently when the original song ends. (-D).

Click – A metronome click sounds when you playback the Score. This corresponds to the current Time Signature, Tempo and Beat Grouping, a high sound denoting Down beats.

Voices – Clicking on the Voices button displays the Voices submenu, where it is possible to deselect/select voices for inclusion in the score. Different voices show in different colors in the score. Hidden voices won’t display, print or sound when playback, but they are not erased from the Song. This way you can easily print separate parts from a single Score.

56 reference

Note that temporary extensions of a voice which is termed sub-voice in ScoreCleaner, for example sustained notes which makes up a separate secondary voice, are not displayed in the Voices sub-menu.

Set Tempo – Set the tempo of the Score. This will affect play-back as well as tempo when you e.g. export the Song as a Standard MIDI file. (-T).

Change Key – Change ScoreCleaners interpretation of Key and Mode. See also Tutorial, chapter 3 and below the Edit menu. Note that it does not change any notes, only the ap-pearance in the score and the Key/Mode status. It will still sound exactly the same.

Time numerator – Increase or decrease the measures by the number of beats per measure, given the same beat tactus, e.g. 4/4 to 5/4. It does not change the sound of the score, but the measures will expand to include more beats and vice versa. (⌥⇧-2 and 8).

Time denominator – Increase or decrease the beat and all note values correspondingly. Shift Time Denominator Up changes the Time Signature from e.g. 4/4 to 4/8 and all note values will be reduced to half their value. The tempo sign will be changed accordingly. The Score will still sound the same when playing back. This command is useful for choos-ing an appropriate note and beat value. (⌥-2 and 8).

3. the song 57

metrical Phase – Move the music in relation to the bar lines (or if you prefer the opposite way around) according to beats. Move Metrical Phase Right will move the music to the right (the bar lines to the left). This command is essen-tial for changing upbeat interpretation. The difference can be heard if you turn on the Click while playing back. (⌥-4 and 6).

Beat density – Increase or decrease the number of beats per measure keeping the length of the measure constant. If you for instance choose Double Beat Density 4/4 becomes 8/8. Once again, the Song still sounds the same, but you can listen to the difference by turning on the Click when Playing back the score. (See Tutorial, Chapter 4 Edit.)

Triple Time – Change the division of the beat from Duple to Triple Time or vice versa. Changing from Duple to Triple time means that the beats become punctuated, for exam-ple a 2/4 time becomes 6/8 and all notes prolonged with half their original value. The opposite way around turns tri-ple divided eighth notes into triplets. This is useful, since it is often a matter of convention if you want to notate your score as e.g. 6/8 or 2/4 time.

Toggle Swing – Display triplet notes as ‘even’ eighth notes, which is applicable e.g. for jazz notation. This option is only active when ScoreCleaner has found consistent swing tim-ing, i.e. when there is an underlying long-short division of beats which is not too acute, which ScoreCleaner by de-fault displays as triplets although it is usually not that big difference between the notes. When clicking Toggle Swing triplets are erased and substituted for even eighth notes.

(-J). However, triplet division of beats is still used for play-back. (See also Tutorial, Chapter 3, Musical.)

Transpose – Transpose the score , i.e. all notes, according to Key Signature up or down within an octave. If you for in-stance transpose a score in C major up to D major, all notes will be transposed a second up and Key Signature will change accordingly, meaning that temporary acciden-tals will be preserved. This command is not a change of ScoreCleaner’s interpretation but a real edit of the Song content.

58 reference

Split Staff – Displays each genuine voice (not sub-voices) on a separate staff, thus turning a Piano Staff System into a Grand Staff system. This is useful for turning a piano ar-rangement into for example a Choir staff system.

Song Info – When clicking on the Song Info button you can type in the Title of the Song, the Composer, the Instrument and decide whether File name, File date and Page num-bers should be displayed in the print-out of the Score. Title, Composer and Instrument will be displayed in the song window, while remaining information only shows in print.

the edit menuMost of what you can do by clicking the but-tons in Song Window Toolbar is also acces-sible via the Edit menu and often also via keyboard shortcut commands. Almost all of the actions in the Edit menu can be found in the above listing of the Song window Toolbar Icons. Please read them for an explanation.

The only exceptions are Swap mode – Change from Minor to Major

mode or vice versa.Shift Key Signature Up – Changes the Key

Signature along the circle of fifths to-wards the sharps, which implies that a

Song Info

KeyboardShortcuts

3. the song 59

click results e.g. in a shift from D Major to A Major (adding sharps, reducing flats).

Shift Key Signature down – Changes the Key Signature along the circle of fifths towards the flats, which implies that a click results e.g. in a shift from D Major to G Major (reduc-ing sharps, adding flats).

more song optionsIn the File menu you can open, close, export and print song documents (as well as saving and opening Snippets, see below under File Menu). In the Record menu you can make Overdub settings and deselect/select Piano Staff Layout. In the Windows menu, like in the Navigator, you can select the active Song.

60

4. the menu bar

the scorecleaner menu

The ScoreCleaner menu contains general settings and infor-mation as well as the generic Mac OS X commands for hiding and quitting the ScoreCleaner Application.

The About ScoreCleaner window shows which version of ScoreCleaner you possess and information about Licensed software as well as the License agreement for ScoreCleaner.

4. the menu bar 61

The ScoreCleaner Preferences window displays your current MIDI Setup. The devices you have connected to your compu-ter show as a list when you click on the double-arrow sign in the Input and Output button. By default ScoreCleaner uses the built-in QuickTime GM Synthesizer for output sounds, but if you have a different MIDI setup you might want to change this.

The License window is useful if you have downloaded a trial license and want to buy ScoreCleaner or when you have pur-chased ScoreCleaner and received a license code, which can be registered by clicking the Register license button.

62 reference

the file menu

With the standard Open and Save commands in ScoreCleaner you can open and save Songs in ScoreCleaners internal format, ScoreCleaner Document (.scld). You can also open a Score-Cleaner document in Finder simply by double-clicking on the icon. With the Open mIdI File command you can import Stand-ard MIDI Files of type 0 and 1 into ScoreCleaner. When you choose to do that you are faced with two options.

Either you choose Open mIdI File > Raw... which means open-ing an unquantized (“Raw”) performance MIDI file as a Snippet in the Listener space. This is when you want to clean/analyze the MIDI file from scratch, including analysis of its voices. Or, if you have created and quantized the MIDI file in ScoreCleaner or another software and just want to display it in ScoreCleaner, e.g. for using it in an arrangement, you can choose Open mIdI File > Cleaned and the MIDI file will be converted into a Song. Then ScoreCleaner represents it as it was created, with the addition of Tuplet interpretation. Export is for exporting Snippets and Songs as Standard MIDI Files of type 1 or in MusicXML format.

Open ScoreCleaner Songs (.scld)

Save Songs in ScoreCleaner Document file format (.scld)

Export as Standard MIDI file orMusic XML (se below)

Clean all MIDI files in folder

Add Song Info (Title etc.)

Open Standard MIDI files (see below)

4. the menu bar 63

As mentioned before, Save All Snippets can be a very good thing to do when you are working with a project since it cre-ates a folder where all the Snippets in the current session are saved as separate MIDI files which you can continue to work with later. When exporting a Song as mIdI some of the information that is inherent in a Song Document will disappear, since MIDI does not allow for e.g. beat grouping to be saved. However, it can be useful if you want to use a voice in e.g. a sequencer pro-gram. You can choose which voices should be saved. NB. MIDI does not make any difference between sub-voices and true voices which means you can end up with a lot more voices in your exported MIDI file than in the original Song. Export Song as musicXmL is a good choice if you want to continue to edit your Song in another Notation Software that can import MusicXML format, which means voices, beat grouping, Song Info etc. will be preserved. Batch Analysis means ScoreCleaner will clean all MIDI files in a folder. This is especially useful if you have saved a number of Snippets in a folder and want to continue to work with them. Song Info can be added here as well as by clicking the Song Info button in Song Toolbar. The Print command lets you print a Song. N.B. You cannot print Snippets.

Save Songs in ScoreCleaner Document format (.scld)

Save selected snippet as MIDI file (.mid)

Save all snippets in Listener as MIDI files (.mid)

For exporting to other applications

64 reference

the edit menuSee Reference, Chapter 3 The Song – the musical score docu-ment-

the listener menuSee Reference, Chapter 1 The Listener – Working with Snip-pets.

the record menu

The Record menu contains a few commands and settings use-ful for Recording. Record with Click Track is for recording a Snippet with Click Track, i.e. play in relation to a Metronome click. This topic is covered in depth in Tutorial, Chapter 3 – Section Click Track recording.

4. the menu bar 65

In order to record with click-track, which is useful when you play in relation to a ‘silent’ accompaniment, you need to define Time Signature, Tempo, number of Introduction bars (count in) and if it should be a Pickup bar or not. Then press Record and you will hear a click. Remember that whatever you play before the Introduction is heard will not be recorded. Note that it is possible to specify Beat Grouping and a have changing Time Signatures in the click track, by adding more Time Signatures and specify the number of measures each Time Signature should apply.

Click Track RecordingDialogue

Tempo

Additional Time Signatures

Time Signature Beat Grouping Number of measures

Count in

Pickup Measure

66 reference

Overdub is only possible in a Song. See Tutorial, Chapter 2, Arrange and Reference, Chapter 3, The Song – the musical score document for in-depth explanation of the subject. How-ever, in the Record menu you find Overdub settings and the Piano Staff Layout toggle command, which is useful for Over-dub recording.

The Overdub Settings dialogue lets you specify the number of bars for Count-in, during which a Click is heard. The Click is derived from the current Song. You can also specify if you want to hear a Click while overdubbing. Piano Staff Layout specifies if ScoreCleaner should place additional overdub voices within a Piano Staff system or not. It is selected by default, which means you can create a Piano Score by playing in each voice separately. ScoreCleaner will place the voices on the two systems by means of register, from the highest to the lowest. If you want to place voices on separate staves, Piano Staff Layout should be deselected, which makes ScoreCleaner cre-ate new staves for additional voices when you overdub. The added staves are inserted in relation to the register of the voices from the highest to the lowest.

the window menuIn the Window menu you choose to hide/show Listener and Navigator and choose which song document is active.

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keyboard shortcutsListener

action command

Play/Stop Space BarInsert Split Point/Playback Start Point Alt-Click in SnippetScrub Playback Alt-Click-Drag in SnippetClean Snippet Double-Click or Cmd-↑Clean Snippet Non-Metrical Shift-Cmd-↑Save Current Snippet Ctrl-Cmd-SToggle automatic Listener recording (Active) Cmd-LRecord With Click-Track Cmd-RSave All Snippets Ctrl-Alt-Cmd-SOpen MIDI file in Listener Shift-Cmd-ODelete Snippet Cmd-⌫Delete All Snippets Shift-Cmd-⌫Zoom In Cmd-+ or tZoom Out Cmd-– or rSelect All of Current Snippet Cmd-AHide/Show Listener Cmd-0Undo Cmd-ZStep between Snippets Cmd – Left/Right arrows

Navigator

action command

Clean Snippet Double-ClickStep between Songs/Snippets Up/Down arrowsHide/Show Navigator Cmd-1

68 keyboard shortcuts

Song

action command

Play/Stop Space BarInsert Split Point/Playback Start Point Alt-ClickScrub Playback Alt-Click-Drag in SongSave Song Cmd-SSave Song As... Shift-Cmd-SExport Song as MIDI Ctrl-Alt-Cmd-SOpen Song Cmd-OAdd Song Info Cmd-IPrint Song Cmd-POverdub Cmd-DOverdub Settings Shift-Cmd-DChange Tempo Cmd-TShift Metrical Phase Left Alt-Cmd-4Shift Metrical Phase Right Alt-Cmd-6Shift Time Numerator Up Alt-Shift-Cmd-8Shift Time Numerator Down Alt-Shift-Cmd-2Shift Time Denominator Up Alt-Cmd-8Shift Time Denominator Down Alt-Cmd-2Display in Swing Notation Cmd-JSelect Note/Rest ClickChange Note to Rest, Delete rest and prolong previous note BackspaceChange Scale Degree Click-Drag verticallyChange Accidental (semitone) Alt-Click-Drag verticallyChange Accidental (quartertone) Alt-Shift-Click-Drag vertically

score cleaner 1 - doremirdoremir.com/files/scorecleaner-manual-en.pdf · songs and snippets are...

Documents