SCIN 136 Final Exam Solution

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SCIN 136 Final Exam Solution

Question 1

Which current would not be part of the so-called Wal-Mart Trade route from Asia?

Question 2

The Gulf Stream Current would primarily affect weather and climate patterns in the following area/areas:

Question 3

Which of the following is the fastest, most powerful ocean current in the world?

Question 4

The best fishing in the world occurs in areas of:

Question 5

The nutrient enrichment caused by upwelling occurs because:

Question 6

The El Nino phenomenon is caused by the reversal of which of the following currents?

Question 7

Possible triggering mechanisms for tsunamis include:

Question 8

Which of these factors effects the velocity of a tsunami?

Question 9

The ocean most recently open to commercial explotitation is the:

Question 10

The highest tides that occur at the full and new moon phases are called:

Question 11

Which of the following would be an estuary on the U.S. Gulf Coast?

Question 12

Beaches can be categorized by:

Question 13

A coastal feature that was created by glaciers would be:

Question 14

Why would a coastal storm like a hurricane, typhoon or Nor'Easter be more destructive during a full moon?

Question 15

Coastal wetlands are important because they:

Question 16

Estuaries are critically important because they are:

Question 17

In which estuary is the circulation dominated by tidal processes?

Question 18

Which of the following is NOT a major estuary due to the oceanic conditions there?

Question 19

Areas along the U.S. East and Gulf coasts of the U.S. have long sandbars that parallel the coast-line and stick up out of the water. Many of these coastal features have become resorts like Nags Head NC, Hilton Head SC, Pensacola FL. But they are very unstable geologically (all sand no bedrock); thus they are very prone to storm and flood damage. These features are known as:

Question 20

Which of the following process/forces is the MAJOR cause of sand being transported and redistributed at various beaches along a coast:

Question 21

The maximum depth of the photic zone would be:

Question 22

The base of the food chain in the oceans relies on this process:

Question 23

The limiting factor for photic zone primary productivity at HIGH LATITUDES/polar areas is:

Question 24

Primary productivity in the deep-sea hydrothermal vents depends on:

Question 25

The level of productivity of the open ocean is equivalent to this area in the U.S.:

Question 26

The most concentrated biological production in the oceans occurs in which of these areas?

Question 27

Respiration CONSUMES which of the following?

Question 28

Only about ____ percent of the available energy is transferred between each trophic level.

Question 29

The statement "there are no marine/salt-water viruses" is:

Question 30

Which of the following are zooplankton?

Question 31

The zooplankton group Chordata (also referred to sometimes as the meroplankton) includes tunicates, salps and all:

Question 32

In the ocean around Antarctica is a small shrimp that forms the basis for the food chain. It's called:

Question 33

Many organisms that live at great depths have light-producing organs on their bodies. Organisms that have these organs are referred to as being:

Question 34

_____________ are the only trees who can stand having their roots imersed in salt water and grow in the Florida Keys and around most of the tropical coastlines.

Question 35

Possible triggering mechanisms for red tides include:

Question 36

Which of the following organisms is most likely to be adversely affected by red tide algae bloom? Hint: Which of these organisms is a filter-feeder and why would that matter in this situation?

Question 37

Which of the following is an invertebrate phylla?

Question 38

Which of the following are vertebrates?

Question 39

Crabs, and lobsters are most closely related which of the following?

Question 40

Clams, mussles, and oysters are classified as:

Question 41

Which type of feeding mechanism best describes clams, mussels,oysters, and baleen whales?

Question 42

Squid and octopus are most closely biologically related to:

Question 43

Coelenerates/Cnidarians include which of the following:

Question 44

The group mentioned above (coelenerates/cnidarians) have stinging cells called __________ which can still inject venom after the organism itself dies.

Question 45

____________ are the simplest macroscopic spicules in their tissues.

Question 46

Which of the following organisms would be most likely found in the intertidal saltmarshes of the US Alantic coast? From Cape Cod south and around the Gulf coast to Texas.

Question 47

Corals have associated algae called ___________ which live symbiotically in their tissues.

Question 48

Mass die-offs of corals have occurred around the world. These die-offs are referred to as:

Question 49

Australia has a huge underwater feature off of it's eastern coast. This is:

Question 50

Which of the following fish species is most likely found around a coral reef?

Question 51

The last geologic stage in the formation of a coral island is:

Question 52

Which of the following states has the giant kelp forests?

Question 53

The top or keystone predators of the kelp forests are:

Question 54

Organisms that are free-swimming are called:

Question 55

Fish's gills actually utilize __________ in order for the fish to breath.

Question 56

A lamprey is an member of which of the following groups?

Question 57

The family of fish that are classified as sharks is because:

Question 58

Bottom fish are typically: Think flounder vs tuna.

Question 59

Sea turtles:

Question 60

The most dangerous snake in the world (has the most toxic venom) is:

Question 61

The two families of whales are:

Question 62

Manatees are endangered because:

Question 63

Which of the following is not a toothed whale?

Question 64

Which of the following whale species are NOT endangered and are even being harvested by nations like

Japan and Norway?

Question 65

The whale that gave rise to the legend of the unicorn lives off of Greenland. It is called a:

Question 66

If a diver comes up too quickly from depth he or she may get a condition known as the "bends". Therefore divers must __________ before surfacing.

Question 67

The basis of the food chain at the deep hydothermal vents is: _________

Question 68

Large macroscopic organisms which are also included in the hydrothermal vent ecosystems are:

Question 69

For a species to be economically viable for mariculture/aquaculture:

Question 70

Which of the following countries has the least amount of aquaculture production?

Question 71

Scientists believe that life might have been "seeded" in the early oceans by comets bringing which of the following to the early oceans on Earth?

Question 72

Which of the following occurrences on Earth eventually allowed life to come out of the oceans and onto land?

Question 73

Many species of fish have been overharvested to the point they are referred to as being:

Question 74

The MAJOR factor in sea-level rise due to global warming is:

Question 75

Oil spilled at sea may do which of the following?

Think about what happened after the B.P. oil spill. Also when looking at the choices think about WHY many clean-up workers wore masks and got headaches cleaning up oil in the hot Sun.

Question 76

Which of the following pollutants will have the longest residence-time in the oceans: Which one will stay around in the oceans for the longest amount of time?

Question 77

Which of the following pollutants was the primary cause of the Mississippi River Dead Zone?

Question 78

The greenhouse effect:

Question 79

Many species of marine organisms have ended up in areas where they are not native (zebra mussels, green crabs, etc) and thus have greatly disrupted the ecosystems in the new areas they populate. They have made these moves due to:

Question 80

Which of the following oceanographic events is most scientifically predicable ONE YEAR IN ADVANCE OF THE EVENT?