Scientific Method

Steps

1. State the Problem2. Gather Information3. Hypothesis4. Test the hypothesis5. Analysis of Data6. Conclusion

Problem Many times this comes about

just by asking “Why?” Scientists observe something

that is reoccurring and ask questions about it.

EXAMPLE

•During the first five days of school, Susan was late to my class all five days…

Gather Information

•Ask questions concerning the problem

•Find out as much pertaining information as possible.

•Uses your senses…

EXAMPLE• I asked Susan, “What class are you

coming from?” She replied “Cafeteria.”• I asked Susan, “Why are you always

late?” She replied, “This is my third time in the cafeteria. I wait to eat. When I am done eating, the bell rings and I have to throw everything away. Then, by the time I get up the main stairwell, it’s packed and I end up late.

Form A HYPOTHESIS

• It is a possible explanation for a problem using what you know and what you observed.

• The four things you need in a hypothesis are:– Subject– Verb– If– Then

EXAMPLE• If Susan throws away her garbage

before the bell rings, then she will be on time for class.

Test the hypothesis

• Some can be tested by making observations

• Others can be tested by building models

• An experiment tests the effect of one thing on another using controlled conditions.

EXAMPLE• Ask her to throw away her garbage

before the bell rings and observe her.

Analysis of Data

• Look over information gathered• Organize information• Interpret information…ask if it

makes sense.

EXAMPLE• Did she make it on time? • If she did, did she follow the

hypothesis?

Conclusion• Based on your analysis of data, you

decide whether or not your hypothesis is supported.

• If your experiment does support your hypothesis, repeat experiment several times.

• If your experiment does not support your hypothesis, reconsider your hypothesis.

example• If the hypothesis about Susan

worked, have her repeat it and she shouldn’t be late to class anymore.

• If the hypothesis about Susan was incorrect, create a new hypothesis and test that.

• For example, avoid the main stair well.