science metal and non metal
TRANSCRIPT
INDEX
About metal Metallic bond Physical properties of metal About non metal Use of non metal Periodic table Chemical properties of metal and non
metal Thank you
METAL AND NON METAL
WHAT IS METAL AND NON METAL……..??
A metal is a solid material (an element, compound, or alloy). 91 of the 118 elements in the periodic table are metals.
METALLIC BOUND Metals are crystalline solid and atoms are linked to one another by special types of bonds known as metallic bond.
Two parts of metallic bond-a) Valence electron.b) Kernel
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF METAL :::---
Metallic Lustre (shine or brightness)- gold and platnium ,
exception- aluminium, copper and silver.
Hardness- silver and copper exception – sodium magnesium
Melting and boiling point –(atom are closely packed) exception - gallium(m.p =302 k) and cesium(m.p = 303 k).
Density (crystalline in nature) – iron is 7.86 g cm , nickel is 8.9 g cm.
Malleability -the property due to which metal can be beaten into sheets. Eg- Silver and aluminium.
Ductility –The property due to which a metal can be drawn into thin wires. Eg – copper and silver
Electrical conductor(metal are good conductor of electricity)- eg copper and silver. Exception – mercury and lead.
Thermal conductivity (heat) –thermal conductivity of metal is because of the movement of kernels and valence electron. Eg-silver and copper . Exception lead and mercury.
Sonorosity (sound) – all metal are sonorous in nature.
In chemistry, a nonmetal or non-metal is a chemical element which mostly lacks metallic attributes. Non metal s form a large number of compound which are extremely useful.For example – ammonia, nitric , explosive like TNT fertilizer like ammonium nitrate , etc.Oxygen present in atmosphere.Sulphuric acid is even regarded as the ‘king of chemical
NON METAL
Seventeen elements are generally classified as nonmetals; most are gases (hydrogen, helium, nitrogen, oxygen, fluorine, neon, chlorine, argon, krypton, xenon and radon); one is a liquid...
CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF METAL AND NON METAL
Metal Metal + oxygen =metal oxide Example-4 Na+ O2=2Na2O
2Mg +O2 =2MgO
Exception – silver and copper.
NATURE OF METAL OXIDES
a) Action with water.
Metal oxide + water = hydroxide(alkali)
Na2O + H2O = 2NaOH b) Action with acid. Metal oxide+ acid = salt +
water CaO(s) + H2O = CaCl2 (aq) + H2O
Reaction with hydrogen
Metal + hydrogen = metal hydrides 2Na (s) + H2 = 2NaH(s) Metal hydrides + water = hydrogen gas + hydroxide
NaH(s) + H2O (l) = NaOH(aq) + H2(g)
Reaction with water Metal + Water= Metal oxide + Hydrogen2K + 2H2O = 2KOH + H2 + heat energyException – copper , aluminium , gold and platinum.
Reaction with acid
Metal + acid = metal salt + hydrogen
2Na (s) + 2HCl = 2NaCl(aq) + H2
Reaction of metal with the solution of other salt
Metal displacement reaction
Chemical Properties Of Nonmetals Non – metal + oxygen = oxides
Examples- C(s) + O2(g) = CO2
S8(s) + 8O2 = 8SO2
Non-metal + acid = oxide +water
examples – S+2H2SO4(conc.)=3SO4+2H2O
S+6HNO3=H2SO4+6N3+H2
O
Non –metal + chlorine= chlorides example- 2P + 5CL2=2PCL5
2S + CL2=S2CL2
Non – metal+hydrogen=hydrides
examples- H2(g)+ S (s)=H2S N2(g)+3H2(g)=2NH3(g)
THANK YOU
Submitted to- miss rupali
Submitted by- carol ekka