science forum day 3 - huanh chu thai - conflicts between agriculture and aquaculture in the delta
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Conflicts between agriculture and aquaculture in the delta
Chu Thai HoanhJuly 2011
IRRI – WorldFish – IWMI + National PartnersDfID – CA – CPWF10 projects, 1999-2007
Fresh water
Saline water
Land & water use in Ca Mau peninsulaLand & water use in Ca Mau peninsula
In early 90’s
• rice demand => expanding rice into saline areas
Quan Lo Phung Hiep water control system
Fresh water
Saline water
250,000 ha
Bach Nguu (2000)
Cau Sap (1996)
Thanh Tri (1995)
Cai Trau (1994)
My Phuoc (1994)
Since 1994, sluices were progressively constructed to protect from salinity intrusion
Bac Lieu province
Saline water
Fresh water
Chu Chi (1997)
Lang Tram (1998)
Pho Sinh (1998)
Vinh My (1997)
Ca Mau (2000)
Who win and who lose?Who win and who lose?
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96 98 00 01 02 03 060
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96 98 00 01 02 03 06
Average Poor
Ninh Thanh Loi
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100
96 98 00 01 02 03 06
Rich
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96 98 00 01 02 03 06
Average Poor
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96 98 00 01 02 03 06
Phong Thanh Tay
Ninh Hoa
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96 98 00 01 02 03 06
Average
0
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96 98 00 01 02 03 06
Very poor
Minh Dieu
0
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96 98 00 01 02 03 06
Average
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96 98 00 01 02 03 06
Poor
Inequitable income is evident…
Rice house
Shrimp house
Fresh water
Brackish water
=> needs of change in water management for both rice & shrimp=> needs of change in water management for both rice & shrimp
2S or2S+1R
2
2S or2S+1R
1
1S, 2S: 1 or 2 shrimp crops
1R: 1 rice crop
2-3R/U: 2 or 3 rice/upland crops
42R/U
5
3R/U
3R/U
61S or
1S+1R
3
New land use zones delineated …
… and corresponding water quality requirements identified
Day 15
Explore options in sluice operation for salinity controlAll sluices closed Lang Tram: two directions
Lang Tram: two directionsHo Phong: draining out
Day 15
Day 30
Day 45
Day 60
Day 15
Day 30
Day 45
Day 60
Day 30
Day 45
Day 60
Impact on farmers’ income
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96 98 00 01 02 03 06
Rich
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96 98 00 01 02 03 06
Average Poor
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96 98 00 01 02 03 06
Phong Thanh Tay
Ninh Hoa
0
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100
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200
250
300
96 98 00 01 02 03 06
Average
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
96 98 00 01 02 03 06
Very poor
Minh Dieu
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
96 98 00 01 02 03 06
Average
0
50
100
150
200
96 98 00 01 02 03 06
Poor
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
96 98 00 01 02 03 060
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100
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300
350
96 98 00 01 02 03 06
Average Poor
Ninh Thanh Loi
Baseline 2030 + 30 cm SLR 2030 + 75 cm SLR
Coming challenges- Sea level rise
Conclusion remark
Integration in AAS =
Endless conflict resolution process
THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION