Science Bell Ringer: Turn in your lab donations to your colored drawer

and Please take out and read over your video notes with your partner.

Today’s Lesson:Sedimentary Rock- Ch4.3

Objectives –Students will be able to:

Describe how sedimentary rocks form. List and describe three major types of

sedimentary rocks.

Snicke

rs!

Let’s take a closer look at this sedimentary rock!

Have you ever tried to build a sand castle at the beach? Did you ever wonder where the sand came from?

Weathering of RocksCalcium Carbonate Critters (Crystalize!)Compacted together and compressed to form

Sandstone

Arches National Park in Utah

Origins of Sedimentary Rock:A 5 Step Process

• 1) Weathering from: wind, water, ice, sunlight, and gravity = small fragments

• 2) Erosion moves sediment from one place to another

3) Deposition is the process by which sediment settles out of the water or wind carrying it. •Different types of sediment are shells, bones, leaves, stems, and other remains of living things.

4) As new layers of sediment occur, they COMPACT the older layers.

5) Quartz and Calcite let water seep (evaporate) past to form a natural CEMENT. • Occurs over millions of

years.• Transforms loose sediments into solid sedimentary rock

Location of Sedimentary Rock• Near the Earth’s surface = no internal

heat or pressure from the core

• Visual cues= layers or strata

–So… How do we go from sediment to Sedimentary rock???–You tell me! Let’s “Rock” it!

1.Weathering breaks it!2.Erosion moves it!3.Deposition drops it!4.Compaction squeezes it!5.Cementation glues it!

We now have sedimentary rock Sandstone

Composition:Sedimentary Rock is

Classified by how it forms

Clastic: Minerals (clasts) cement together Quartz & Calcite, Conglomerate & Breccia

Chemical: Crystalize from a solution like seawater Halite, Rock Salt, & Rock Candy!

Organic: Remains of plants & animalsCoal, Limestone

Clastic RocksA sedimentary rock that forms when rock

fragments are squeezed togetherThe fragments range in sizeGrouped by the size of rock fragments or

particles in which they are made.

–Shale•Forms from tiny particles of clay.•Cementation is needed to hold the clay particles together.

Sandstone

Forms from the sand on beaches, on the ocean floor, in riverbeds, and in sand dunes.

Conglomerate rocks have fragments with rounded edges.

Breccia rocks are make up of large fragments with sharp edges.

Clastic!

ORGANIC Sedimentary Rocks

–Form where the remains of plants and animals are deposited in thick layers

–Two important organic rocks are coal and limestone.

–Coal –forms from the remains of swamp plants buried in water.

Limestone –the hard shells of living things Limestone forms from the calcite found in

the shells and skeletons of coral, clams, oysters, and snails.

Limestone =Chalk

• Another example of limestone is chalk.

• (sediments of the skeletons of microscopic living things found in the oceans.)

Chemical Rocks

Chemical Rocks -forms when minerals that are dissolved in a solution, crystallize.

Limestone can form when calcite that is dissolved in lakes, seas, or underground water comes out of solution and forms crystals.

What are some Sedimentary Rock Uses…

Chemical sedimentary rocks also form when mineral deposits are left when seas or lakes evaporate –rock salt is made of the mineral halite.

Large deposits of rocks formed by evaporation found only in dry climates

The White House is made of sandstone!

Limestone is important in smelting iron ore and making cement!

The Great Barrier ReefLargest structure built by living creatures

207,000 km2

Comparing & Contrasting

Sedimentary

Rocks

Igneous

Rocks

Bell Ringer: Please open your IAN and begin brainstorming similarities and differences of these two rocks. 5 bullets a piece. 3 bullets for the similarities.

Critical thinking:Rocks are classified on

◦Texture◦Composition

•Which of these 2 properties would be more important for classifying

clastic rocks?• Use our notes from Friday to help

us out!

Clastic RocksA sedimentary rock that forms when rock

fragments are squeezed togetherThe fragments range in sizeGrouped by the size of rock fragments or

particles in which they are made.

–Shale•Forms from tiny particles of clay.•Cementation is needed to hold the clay particles together.

ORGANIC Sedimentary Rocks

–Form where the remains of plants and animals are deposited in thick layers

–Two important organic rocks are coal and limestone.

–Coal –forms from the remains of swamp plants buried in water.

Chemical Rocks

Chemical Rocks -forms when minerals that are dissolved in a solution, crystallize.

Limestone can form when calcite that is dissolved in lakes, seas, or underground water comes out of solution and forms crystals.

ClassificationEach blue tray is numbered 1-7. There are

two samples of each sedimentary rock we discussed on Friday. Using your descriptive notes, try to identify rocks 1-7 in numerical order.

1) 2)3) 4)5) 6)7)Why do the two samples of #2 look different?What do the rocks in tray #6 have in

common with #7?

Let’s Review!

What are the 5 steps needed for the sedimentary rock to form?

Let’s do the WEDCC Rock!Now, Let’s add this mnemonic device to

our IANs.Take out 5 sticky notes from the blue tub

to create a flip chart on this 5 step process.

How quickly does this process occur?

2m=2,000mm2,000mm/4mm= 500 years

Math Connection: A layer of sedimentary rock is 2 m thick. How many years did it take to form if an average 4mm of sediment accumulated per year?

Finish your mnemonic device!

Please take out your candy bar!

SEE it, HEAR it, and DO it!Please review the steps of IGNEOUS

rock formation.https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PrN7jy

gu4cQNow Draw it.

Please review the steps of WEDCC Sedimentary Rock formation.

Textbook e activities

Now let’s do it!

Snickers lab: Conglomerate Rock

Twix lab: Sandstone Rock

Now Let’s draw it!