science and geography 5 - resource booklet - …richmond-elt/files/sciencegeography5resource... ·...

4 ■ Living Things

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Remember

In nature there are living things and nonliving things. Living things depend on three basic life processes: nutrition, sensitivity and reproduction. Living things are made up of cells.

1. Match the two columns.

2. Label the parts of the plant cell.

3. True or False? Write T or F.

A cell is the smallest unit that makes up living and nonliving things.

Cells have three parts: membrane, nucleus and plasma.

Cells group together to form tissues.

Living things made up of many cells are called unicellular.

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nucleus cytoplasm membrane wall

Reproduction

Nutrition

Sensitivity

Ingest food substances, transform them fortheir utilization and eliminate waste.

Perceive what is happening around them and respond to what they perceive.

Create offspring similar to themselves.

Science and geography 5 - Resource Booklet.qxd 11/28/08 1:50 PM Page 4

5■ Classification of Living Things

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Living things are classified into large groups called kingdoms.The three principal kingdoms are the animal kingdom, the plant kingdomand the fungi kingdom.

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1. Label the pictures: animal kingdom, plant kingdom or fungi kingdom.

2. Match the characteristics to the kingdom.

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They make their own food.

Animals

Plants

Fungi

They are anchored to the ground.

They have a nervous system and sense organs.

They depend on other living things for food.

They move from one place to another.

■ Answer the questions.

• How are fungi and plants similar?

• How are fungi and animals similar?


6 ■ Plant Classification

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Plants can be classified into: nonflowering plants and flowering plants.

Nonflowering plants never produce flowers or seeds. They reproduce with spores. Examples are mosses and ferns.

Flowering plants produce flowers and seeds to reproduce.They can be classified into angiosperms and gymnosperms.

2. Complete the sentences.

1. Complete the word map.


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• are special cells that germinate and create a new plant

in the right conditions.

• Ferns have thick underground and large leaves.

• Gymnosperm seeds are grouped together in .

• Angiosperm seeds develop inside the .

• are called deciduous plants. This is the most numerous plant group.

• Most are trees.

stems spores fruit cones

gymnosperms angiosperms

Plants

m f a g

non p f p


7■ Plant Nutrition

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Remember

Plants make their own food in a process called photosynthesis. They need water, minerals, carbon dioxide and sunlight. Plants also breathe.

1. Label the drawing.

2. Complete the word map.

water food minerals oxygen sunlight

carbon dioxide

xylem vessels

raw sap

water and minerals

Photosynthesis

plant leaf

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8 ■ Plant Reproduction

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2. Order the stages of plant reproduction. Write 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5.

3. Match the two columns.

1. Label the parts of the flower.

Remember

Plants use sexual reproduction or asexual reproduction to reproduce.

• Sexual reproduction uses flowers and seeds. There are three stages:pollination, seed formation and fruit formation.

• Asexual reproduction uses other plant parts like tubers, bulbs or stolons.

ovary sepal stamenspetal ovules

The flower changes into a fruit.

Pollination takes place.

Pollen forms on the stamen.

The seeds germinate.

Seeds form inside the fruit.

Bulbsare horizontal stems that develop roots and create newplants when a node touches the ground.

Stolonsare thick subterranean stems that store manynutritive substances.

Tubers are horizontal, subterranean stems.

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9■ Invertebrates

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Remember

Invertebrate animals have no inner skeleton or backbone.There are many groups of invertebrates, such as sponges, cnidarians, worms,echinoderms, arthropods and mollusks.

1. Write the names of the invertebrate groups.

2. Label the invertebrate groups.

• They have soft bodies with one or two shells,

and only one plane of symmetry. m

• They have soft bodies with bilateral symmetry,

and can be cylindrical or flat. w

• They have jelly-like bodies with radial symmetry.

They are marine animals and have tentacles

that can sting. c

• They have five-way symmetry and all

are marine animals. e

• They have bilateral symmetry and are covered

by an articulated exoskeleton. a

• They have irregular bodies with no symmetry. s▼▼

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10 ■ Arthropods and Mollusks

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Remember

The most characteristic feature of arthropods is their articulated exoskeleton.The principal arthropod groups are: insects, arachnids, crustaceansand myriapods.

Mollusks have soft bodies that are protected by one or more shells. The principal mollusc groups are: gastropods, bivalves and cephalopods.

• m are symmetrical and have soft bodies protected

by one or more s .

• The principal mollusk groups are g , b

and c .

• G have a s shell.

• C have eight or ten l .

• B have two articulated v .

1. Match the pictures with their characteristics.

2. Complete the sentences about the mollusk group.

bodies divided into head, thorax and abdomen; two eyes, four wings and six legs

bodies made up of many identicalsegments; each segment with one or twopairs of legs, and one pair of shortantennae

eight legs with bodies made up of twoparts: abdomen and cephalothorax

ten legs, two pairs of antennae, and compound eyes on a pedicel


11■ Vertebrates: Fish, Amphibians, Reptiles and Birds

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Remember

Fish live in water, have skin covered with scales, breathe through gills and are oviparous.

Amphibians live in water when they are born and on land when they are adults.They develop lungs, are oviparous, and their skin has no protective covering.

Reptiles have skin covered with hard scales, breathe through lungs and lay eggs on land.

Birds have skin covered with feathers, have wings, breathe through lungs and lay eggs on land.

1. Identify the vertebrate groups.

2. Complete the table. Mark ✓ the boxes.

3. What do fish, amphibians, reptiles and birds have in common? Mark ✓.

• They live in water and breathe through gills.

• They are born in water and their skin has no protective covering.

• They have scales and breathe through lungs.

• They lay eggs on land and have wings. ▼▼

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They are invertebrates. They breathe through gills. They have legs.

They have scales. They are oviparous. They swim.

They have feathers. They breathe through lungs. They are vertebrates.

birds fish reptiles amphibians

Fish Amphibians Reptiles Birds

Oviparous

Lungs

Gills

Scales

✓

✓


12 ■ Vertebrates: Mammals

Date

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r p r

c b c

3. Use the words to identify the animal described.

2. Label the pictures with the mammal group each animal belongs to.

1. Mark ✓ the words that describe mammals.

bats cetaceans primates insect eaters

• They have eyes on the front of the head.

• They are the only mammals that fly.

• They have no hind limbs.

• They have many small, sharp teeth. ▼▼

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Remember

Mammal characteristics: most have four limbs; a body covered with hair or fur;they breathe air through lungs; the young develop inside the female’s body and feed on the mother’s milk; they are warm-blooded.

The principal mammal groups are: marsupials, primates, ruminants, carnivores, bats, cetaceans, rodents and insect eaters.

animal

vertebrate

hair

legs

lungs

viviparous

terrestrial

carnivore


13■ The Digestive Process

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ReinforcementWorksheet

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Remember

The digestive system carries out the digestive process. The process has three phases: the digestion of food, absorption of nutrientsand elimination of waste.

1. Color each organ in the digestive tract a different color and label.

2. Complete the sentences.

3. Order the phases of the digestion process. Write 1, 2 or 3.

• is the process that breaks down food to obtain

nutrients.

• In the mouth, food is chewed, mixes with saliva and forms the

.

• In the stomach, gastric juices are produced and form the .

• In the small intestine, the intestinal juice plus bile and pancreatic juice finish digesting

the food and form the .

chyme bolus chyle digestion

Elimination of waste Absorption of nutrients Digestion of food

small intestine

anus

pharynx

mouth

esophagus

stomach

large intestine

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