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Ethernet IP

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TCP / IP and the OSI reference model

Process /Application

Host-to-Host

Internet

Network Access

Physical

TCP

Coax, Twisted Pair, fibre optics,.

App.A App.B App.C App.D

UDP

Tokenr. PPPEthernet

IP

Application

Presentation

Session

Transport

Network

Data Link

Physical

ISO / OSI

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IP or „many roads lead to Rome...“

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IP - The Internet Protocol or „how modern Pathfinders work“

NetNet

Net

Net

Net

Subnet

Subnet

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Net

Subnet

„0-127“

The IP address according to IPv4 (4 Bytes)

„128-191“

„192-223“

0

Class A

10

Class B

110

Class C

„224-239“

„240-255“

1110

Class D

1111

Class E

126 networks with 16.777.216 devices each

16.384 networks with 65.536 devices each

2.097.152 networks with 254 devices each

IP multicast addresses (e.g. all Hosts, all Gateways, etc.)

Reserved for future applications

The value 255 in each Byte is reserved as broadcast address

IP - The Internet Protocol or „how modern Pathfinders work“

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The IP address (4 Bytes)

00000111 01000111 1100011110011100

Class A example

class1.college.edu

board.college.edu

leader.activists.org

pleas.home-office.gov

harry.beefburgers.com

monday.orders.flowers.au

.

.

Name Server

78.7. 71.199.

IP - The Internet Protocol or „how modern Pathfinders work“

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Address212.66.3.39 for 6 hours.

Next !Class C networkwith 254 addresses

Address212.66.3.52 for 4 hours.

Next !

No addressavailable. NO TCP/IP.

Seeya.

IP, DHCP, ARP, ICMP - is all that really necessary ?Part 1 : DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol)

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Who is who in the IP or I‘m the MAC (ARP)

TCP

Coax, Twisted Pair, fibre optics.

App.A App.B App.C

UDP

Tokenr. PPPEthernet

IP

IP address

124.20.0.14

124.20.0.26

124.20.0.31

.

.

.

Hardware- (MAC-) address

00-50-73-58-b3-40

00-50-73-52-a1-22

00-50-73-54-a3-00

.

.

.

124.20.0.26

00-50-73-52-a1-22

122.10.0.12

ARP request to all nodes

IP address

124.20.0.14

124.20.0.26

124.20.0.31

.

.

.

Hardware- (MAC-) address

00-50-73-58-b3-40

00-50-73-52-a1-22

00-50-73-54-a3-00

.

.

.

ARP response

20 min

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TCP and the OSI reference model: End-to-End

Process /Application

Host-to-Host

Internet

Network Access

Physical

TCP

Coax, Twisted Pair, fibre optics.

UDP

Tokenr. PPPEthernet

IP

Application

Presentation

Session

Transport

Network

Data Link

Physical

ISO / OSI

TCP

Coax, Twisted Pair, fibre optics.

UDP

Tokenr. PPPEthernet

IP

•Connection orientated

•Connect, transmit, Terminate

•Data check

•Reception is acknowledged

•Multiplexing

•Different applications use TCP services

App.A App.B App.C App.A App.B App.C

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TCP and the OSI reference model: Sockets

HTTP Appl. X

TCP

Coax, Twisted Pair, fibre optics

UDP

Tokenr. PPPEthernet

IP

TCP

Coax, Twisted Pair, fibre optics

UDP

Tokenr. PPPEthernet

IP

TCP

Coax, Twisted Pair, fibre optics

UDP

Tokenr. PPPEthernet

IP

IP 123.20.0.36

PC A PC B PC C

FTP-Control

FTP-Control

FTP-Control

FTP-ControlSocket

HTTP

IP 123.20.0.34 IP 10.0.0.123

Socket Socket SocketSocket

Port 21,1

Well known Port

Port 21,2

Well known Port

Port 80

Well known Port

Port 241

Local Port

Port 1880

Local Port

Port 361

Local PortSocket

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Windows the TCP fashion

Station1

Station2

Station2:Establish HTTP

connection ?

OK !My reception window

has room for 8 packets.

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Station1

Station2Windows the TCP fashion

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UDP and the OSI reference model: Hurry, hurry...

Process /Application

Host-to-Host

Internet

Network Access

Physical

TCP

Coax, Twisted Pair, LWL, .....

UDP

Tokenr. PPPEthernet

IP

Application

Presentation

Session

Transport

Network

Data Link

Physical

ISO / OSI

TCP

Coax, Twisted Pair, fibre optics

UDP

Tokenr. PPPEthernet

IP

•Not connection orientated

•undirected data stream

•No supervision

•flow control is shifted to the higher layers

•Multiplexing

•Multiple applications use UDP services

App.A App.B App.C App.A App.B App.C