school age children

“School Age Children”

SCHOOL AGE CHILDREN

• Age range is from 6-12 years of age.• Characterized by a more quiet, stable changes

compared with the extremes of growth and development seen infancy and adolescence.

• Weight increases an average of 2 to 3 kg. per year until the child is 9 or 10 yrs.old.

• Heights increments average 6to 8 cm per year from 2 yrs.of age until pubertal acceleration.

IDEAL BODY WEIGHT

BMI (Body Mass Index)- a relationship between weight and height that is associated with body fat and health risk.

- (weight/height squared) x 703.

- BMI result is between 18.5 and 24.9, then it is considered healthy. Otherwise, children who have their BMI result below 18.5 are underweight; while those with a BMI result above 24.9 are overweight.

- if the weight of a child is 10% or more than the ideal weight recommended with reference to the height and body structure, then only he/she is considered as obese.

GIRLS

HEIGHT WEIGHTYEAR FT-IN CM POUNDS KG

6 3'41/2-3'111/2 103.2-120.7 33.4-47.5 15.2-21.6

7

3'6 1/4-4'1 1/4 3'63/4-4'11/4 108.4-125.1 36.5-51.0 16.6-23.2

8 3'8 1/2-4'3 1/2 113.3-130.7 40-56.3 18.2-25.6

9 3'10 1/2-4'5 3/4 118.3-136.4 44-62.9 20.0-28.6

10 4'1/2-4'8 123.4-142.1 49.3-72.4 22.4-32.9

11 4'2 1/2-4'10 1/4 128.8-148 55.9-83.6 25.4-38.0

12 4'5-5'0 134.7-152.2 64-96.1 29.1-43.7

BOYS

HEIGHT WEIGHT

YEAR FT-IN CM POUNDS KG

6 3'5-3'11 1/4 103.9-120.0 34.8-48.0 15.8-21.8

7 3'7-4'3/4 108.9-123.6 37.8-51.0 17.2-23.2

8 3'8 3/4-4'2 1/2 108.9-123.6 41.4-55.9 18.8-25.4

9 3'10 1/2-4'4 1/2 113.7-128.4 45.1-62.5 20.5-28.4

10 4'1/2-4'7 122.8-139.6 49.3-70.6 22.4-32.1

11 4'2 1/2-4'9 3/4 127.4-146.6 53.9-81.4 24.5-37.0

12 4'0-5'1 132.1-155.0 59.2-94.8 26.9-43.1

CALCULATIONS FOR ENERGY REQUIREMENT

Energy requirement is the amount of food energy needed to balance energy expenditure Basal metabolic rate (BMR) Total energy expenditure (TEE)

Physical activity level (PAL) = *Double labeled water (DLW) *Heart rate monitoring (HRM)

CONVERTIONS:

1 megajoule (MJ) = 1,000 kilojoules (kJ)1 kilocalorie (kcal) = 4.18 kilojoules (kJ)1 foot = 12 inch1 inch = 10 cm1 kg = 2.2 lbs

BMR VARIABLES*Height *Age*Weight *Gender

English BMR Formula

Men: BMR = 66 + ( 6.23 x weight in pounds ) + (12.7 x height in inches ) - ( 6.8 x age in year )

Women: BMR = 655 + ( 4.35 x weight in pounds ) + ( 4.7 x height in inches ) - ( 4.7 x age in years )

Metric BMR Formula

Men: BMR = 66 + ( 13.7 x weight in kilos ) + ( 5 x height in cm ) - ( 6.8 x age in years )

Women: BMR = 655 + ( 9.6 x weight in kilos) + ( 1.8 x height in cm ) - ( 4.7 x age in years )

HARRIS BENEDICT FORMULA (1918)

Step 1Determine your height in inches and weight in pounds. These two numbers are a critical part of the BMR formula and their accuracy is important. To determine your height in inches, multiply your height in feet by 12 (there are 12 inches in a foot) and add the remaining inches to that figure. For example, someone who is 5 feet, 2 inches would do the following equation: (5 x 12) + 2 = 62 inches.

Step 2Utilize a specific calculation for men. Multiply your weight in pounds by 6.23 and then multiply your height in inches by 12.7. Multiply your age in years by 6.8. Now, add 66 plus your factored weight and height together and subtract your factored age. This is your basal metabolic rate.

Step 3Utilize a specific calculation for women. Multiply your weight in pounds by 4.35 and then multiply your height in inches by 4.7. Multiply your age in years by 4.7. Now, add 655 plus your factored weight and height together and subtract your factored age. This is your basal metabolic rate.

Step 4To determine your total daily calorie needs, multiply your BMR by the appropriate activity factor, as follows:

• If you are sedentary (little or no exercise): BMR x 1.2

• If you are lightly active (light exercise/sports 1-3 days/week): BMR x 1.375

http://www.bmi-calculator.net/bmr-calculator/

• If you are moderately active (moderate exercise/sports 3-5 days/week): BMR x 1.55

• If you are very active (hard exercise/sports 6- 7 days a week): BMR x 1.725

• If you are extra active (very hard exercise/sports & physical job or 2x training): BMR x 1.9

Estimating the Carbohydrates, Proteins and Fat Allowances

Calculating the Carbohydrates

Step 1Check the number of carbohydrate grams in a serving of the food the children want to eat. Food labels, nutrition booklets, low-carbohydrate diet books, books and websites on diabetes diets and diet tracker websites are all sources for carbohydrate information.


• Step 2Subtract the number of fiber grams from the

carbohydrates to calculate the net carbohydrates. The Atkins' diet identifies net carbohydrates as the carbohydrates that impact blood sugar.


• Step 3Adjust the carbohydrate count to match

the serving size the children actually ate.


• Step 4Track the net carbohydrates for each

meal, snack and beverage for the day and total the net carbohydrates to arrive at the carbohydrate intake for the day.


• Step 5Estimate average daily carbohydrate

intake by tracking your children’s carbohydrate intake for a week. Add up the total carbohydrates for the seven days. Divide the total by seven. The result is his/her average daily carbohydrate intake.

TO CALCULATE THE CHILD’S DAILY PROTEIN NEED


• Formula– Protein needs (Activity Level) x Body Weight (lbs)=

Recommended Daily Protein Needs

CALCULATE THE DAILY FAT INTAKE

Step 1Keep a food journal. Write down what the child consume and his/her serving size at every meal.



• Step 2Look up the nutritional information for every item in

the child’s meals. Check for a nutrition label on the child food's packaging, and look for the line item labeled "total fat."


• Step 3Add the fat grams from all the child’s

meals together to find out the amount of total fat consumed for the day.


• Step 4Multiply the number of fat grams in step

2 by nine (the number of calories in one gram of fat) to figure out the child’s total fat calories consumed.


• Step 5Add up all the child’s meals' calories for

total calories consumed for the day.


• Step 6Divide the child’s total number of fat

calories in step 5 by his/her total daily calories in step 4 to figure out the daily percentage of calories acquired from fat.

2

• Apple– Total Carbohydrates= 17 g– Dietary Fiber= 3 g CarbohydratesTotal - Dietary Fiber= Net

Carbohydrates17 g – 3g= 14 g

3

• If less or ½ of the food, subtract the net carbohydrates half of it. The little girl ate only half slice of an apple

14g – 7g= 7g• If twice or more eaten, add with it’s own. The little boy ate 2 pieces of apple.

14g + 14g= 28 g

4

Day 1 Day 2 Day 3 Day 4 Day 5 Day 6 Day 7

14 g 17 g 21 g 18 g 22 g 23 g 26 g

5

• Average • Day 1 14 g• Day 2 17g• Day 3 21 g• Day 4 18 g• Day 5 22 g• Day 6 23 g• Day 7 26 g 141 g / 7= 20.14 g

7

Activity Level Protein Needs (grams)

x Body Weight (lbs)

= Recommended Daily Protein Needs

Recreational Endurance

0.36 x 49 lbs = 17.62 g

10

• Breakfast : 10 g• Lunch: 12 g• Dinner: 15 g• Snack: 8 g

45 g

11

• 1 gram of protein= 9 calories

45 g x 9 cal= 405 cal

12 13

• Breakfast: 500 cal• Lunch: 500 cal• Dinner: 500 cal• Snack: 200 g

1700 g

405 fat cal = 0.24 x 100= 24 % 1700 total cal

NUTRIENT REQUIREMENT FOR SCHOOL AGE CHILDREN

Age group School children7-9 yrs.old

Males10-12 yrs.old

Females10-12 yrs.old

weight 24 24 32 34 35 35

Energy,kcal needed every day

1740 1600 2090 2140 1910 1920

RDA RENI RDA RNA RDA RENI

Energy and nutrient needs of the school-age child

Source: Recommended Energy and Nutrient Intakes, FNRI-DOST

7-9 yrs 10-12 yrs

Calories 1,600 2,140Protein (gm) 43 54Vitamin A (mcg) 400 400

Vitamin C (mg) 35 45Calcium (mg) 700 1,000Iron (mg) 11 13Iodine (mcg) 120 120

A good breakfast• Provides about 1/3 of the total

energy requirement

Rice, bread, cereals like oatmeal

Egg or other

protein-rich

food

Glass of

milk

vitamin-C rich fruits like papaya

School-age children2. A Sample Meal Plan for your School Aged Kids

• Here is a sample meal plan to help you plan to meet your child’s caloric needs.

• Breakfast : 460 cals, 10 grams protein, 257 mg calcium, 3 mg iron 197 RE Vitamin A, 13 mg vitamin C

• 8 oz (240 ml) milk (80-150 cal)• ½ cup (120 ml) juice, fruit or vegetable (60,25 cal)• 1 slice whole grain bread or roll or 3/4 cup (170

grams) cereal (80 cal)

• 1 oz (28 grams) meat, poultry or fish OR 1 oz (28 grams) cheese or 1 large egg or 2 tablespoons peanut butter or other nut butter or 4 tablespoons cooked dry beans and peas or 1 oz (28 grams) nuts and/or seeds or 4 oz (113 grams) yogurt (35-145 cal)

• This will give your child a good start for the day. There’s enough of the right amounts of energy and nutrients to keep him from falling asleep during morning classes.

• Lunch : 400 cal, 9 grams protein, 267 mg calcium, 3.3 iron, 200 RE Vitamin A, 15 mg vitamin C, not to exceed 30% fat, 10% from fat

• 8 oz (240 ml) milk (80-150 cal)• 1-1/2 oz (43 grams) meat or 1-1/2 oz (43 grams)

cheese or 3/4 large egg or 3/8 cup (85 grams) dry beans or peas or 3 tablespoons nut butter or 6 oz or 3/4 cup (170 grams) yogurt or 1/4 oz.(7 grams) nuts (35-145)

• 3/4 cup (170 grams) veggies, fruits, 2 servings (25cal)

• 2 serving grains (slice bread, roll, ½ cup (113 grams) rice, 1 small pita bread, ½ muffin) (80 cal)

In the meals above, it won’t hurt to add a little protein and an extra vegetable.

• Dinner and Snacks: make up the rest of the calories. Here’s a sample of what you can include in these feedings:

• 8 oz (240 ml) milk• 6 oz (140 grams) protein• 2 serving grain with one teaspoon (5 ml) butter• ½ cup (113 grams) vegetable one (non-starchy

vegetable)• ½ cup (113 grams) vegetable two (non-starchy

vegetable)

• ½ cup (113 grams) vegetable three (non-starchy vegetable)

• 1 tablespoon salad dressing• 3 servings fruit for snacks during the day (1 apple, orange,

peach, pear, nectarine, or 10 grapes)• 2 oz (57 grams) cheese (can go with snack)•

This means your child can eat what you’re having for dinner (fish, 2 non-starchy vegetables, rice and butter, spinach salad with a fruit) and save a little protein of the 140 grams protein for bedtime snack, maybe with a small pear. He or she can also have a fruit right after walking in the door from school.

•

A nutritious snack• Boiled banana, cassava, camote,

corn, peanuts

• Fresh fruits in season

• Sandwiches

• Add milk, fresh fruit juices

Special “Baon” Day

Children will bring and eat their baon instead of buying their food

Prepare a nutritious “baon”

Think variety!

consider color, balance and moderation

THANK YOU!!!

school age children

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