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CHEMRECEnergy to Succeed
Scenarios for Development of BioDME
Supplies
Scenarios for Development of BioDME
Supplies
Ingvar Landälv, Chief Technology Officer, Chemrec AB
Stockholm, September 7- 8, 2010
Stockholm, September 7- 8, 2010
DME 4
CHEMRECEnergy to Succeed
Content
• BioDME from Pulp Mills via Black Liquor Gasification
• BioDME from Biomass through gasification• Supply and Demand Balance for a DME fuel system
- Flexibility for BioDME producers- Guarantee DME availability in the fuel system- Flexibility for fossil DME producers
• Conclusions
2
CHEMRECEnergy to Succeed
Content
• BioDME from Pulp Mills via Black Liquor Gasification
• BioDME from Biomass through gasification• Supply and Demand Balance for a DME fuel system
- Flexibility for BioDME producers- Guarantee DME availability in the fuel system- Flexibility for fossil DME producers
• Conclusions
3
CHEMRECEnergy to Succeed9/13/2010 4
The Route via Gasification and Syngas to Automotive Fuels
SyngasSyngas(CO+H2)(CO+H2)
Natural GasNatural Gas
CoalCoal
BiomassBiomass
SynteticDiesel (FTD)
Methanol
DMEDME (DiMetylEter)(DiMetylEter)
Hydrogen
Black liquorBlack liquor
Heavy oilsHeavy oils
GA
SIFI
CA
TIO
N
CO2
Chemicals
SNG
CHEMRECEnergy to Succeed9/13/2010 5
Major Biomass Flow from the Forrest Today
PulpMill
Forest
Saw-mill
WoodProducts
PulpMill
LogsPulp
Wood
RecoveryBoiler
TODAY
Pulp
CHEMRECEnergy to Succeed9/13/2010 6
PulpMill
Forest
Saw-mill
WoodProducts
PulpMill
LogsPulp
Wood
RecoveryBoiler
Combined Recoveryand Fuel Generation
Fuel
ForestResidual
TOMORROW (1)
Pulp
Major Biomass Flow from the ForrestWith the BLG* Based Biorefinery Concept
* BLG: Black Liquor Gasification
CHEMRECEnergy to Succeed
9/13/2010 7
Chemrec Gasification ProcessDP-1 in Piteå, Sweden
FLARE
Raw Syngas
GREENLIQUOR
Black Liquor
GAS COOLER
Oxygen
Atomizing medium
GASIFIER
QUENCH
C.W
BFW
MP- Steam
Weak Wash
CLEANSYNGAS
BFW
SULPHUR ABSORPTION
Condensate
White/Green Liquor
LP-St.
CHEMRECEnergy to Succeed
The BioDME Block Flow Diagram
9/13/2010 8
MP steam
Aminewash
H2S / CO2 to mill
COshift
Carbonfilter
MeOHSynthesis 1
MeOHSynthesis 2
First single- pass MeOH synthesisfeaturing > 95% yield
Sulphurguard
MeOH(recycled)
DMEProduct
GasesDME
synthesis
Raw MeOH
Water
Evaporator~ 4 tonDME/day
DP-1
CHEMRECEnergy to Succeed
New BioDME Pilot - CAD Illustration
9
WGS,MeOH/DME,Distillation
Carbonfilter
AmineWash
DP-1plantFlare
CHEMRECEnergy to Succeed
Current project status of Domsjö project
• Domsjö mill sulphite thick liquor gasified successfully in DP-1• 500 MMSEK (~ 50 MM€) investment grant approved by Swedish
Energy Agency (conditioned EU’s DG Competition approval)• Feasibility report complete (May 2010)• Technology for Gas Purification and MeOH/DME Synthesis selected.• Front-end Engineering Design (FEED) scheduled for Q3/10-Q2/11 for
final investment decision in Q3 2011.
&
in collaboration
CHEMRECEnergy to Succeed
The Energy Combine of ÖrnsköldsvikDomsjö Mill Övik Energy Övik Community
- TODAY -
9/13/2010 11
Cellulose fiberLigno sulfonateEthanol
ÖvikEnergy
ÖrnsköldsvikCommunity
Biomass
Pulp wood
Domsjö
Fiber
Districtheat
Steam Power
DomsjöFabriker
A sodium sulphitebased mill
Recovery boilers
CHEMRECEnergy to Succeed
The Energy Combine of ÖrnsköldsvikDomsjö Mill Övik Energy Övik Community
- TOMORROW -
9/13/2010 12
Cellulose fiberLigno sulfonate Ethanol300 t/d DME
or450 t/d Methanol
ÖvikEnergy
ÖrnsköldsvikCommunity
Biomass
Pulp wood
Domsjö
Fiber
Districtheat
Steam Power
The sodium sulphitebased mill
CHEMRECEnergy to Succeed9/13/2010 13
Airseparation
Power
Oxygen
Rawgas
Synthesis gas
Gascooling
Gasi-fication
and
Quench
Steam
Weak wash
Thick Liquor
LS Green liq.
Gas ConditioningAnd Purification
H2S
Synthesis- and Distillation DME/Methanol
Domsjö Fuels Plant Build Up – Parallel Trains
1 x 100%1 x 100%
1 x 100%
CO2
3 x 50%
CHEMRECEnergy to Succeed
Preparations for industrial scale plants
Chemrec Gasifier Unit Status:• Gasifier, quench and gas cooler
scale-up work complete• Gasifier black liquor nozzle scale-
up work ongoing• Process Design Package work
ongoing together with key suppliers
149/13/2010
CHEMRECEnergy to Succeed
SteamDrum
FinalCoolers
CCC
Quench
Reactor
Train #1 Train #2 Train #3
PRELIMINARY
Preparations for industrial scale plants
CHEMRECEnergy to Succeed
Location for Potential Pulp Mill Biorefineries in the US
More than 100 suitable pulp mills In North Americawith 200-400 MW of Black Liquor per plant
16
Some 250 suitable pulp mills world wide
CHEMRECEnergy to Succeed
Content
• BioDME from Pulp Mills via Black Liquor Gasification
• BioDME from Biomass through gasification• Supply and Demand Balance for a DME fuel system
- Flexibility for BioDME producers- Guarantee DME availability in the fuel system- Flexibility for fossil DME producers
• Conclusions
17
CHEMRECEnergy to Succeed9/13/2010 18
The Route via Gasification and Syngas to Automotive Fuels
SyngasSyngas(CO+H2)(CO+H2)
Natural GasNatural Gas
CoalCoal
BiomassBiomass
SynteticDiesel (FTD)
Methanol
DMEDME (DiMetylEter)(DiMetylEter)
Hydrogen
Black liquorBlack liquor
Heavy oilsHeavy oils
GA
SIFI
CA
TIO
N
CO2
Chemicals
SNG
CHEMRECEnergy to Succeed9/13/201019
Major Biomass Flow from the Forrest including Direct Biomass Gasification
PulpMill
Forest
Saw-mill
Pulp
WoodProducts
PulpMill
LogsPulp
Wood
RecoveryBoiler
Combined Recoveryand Fuel Generation
Fuel
ForestResidual
DirectBio-mass conversion
Fuel
TOMORROW (2)
CHEMRECEnergy to Succeed9/13/201020
Major Biomass Flow from the Forrest Enlarged Feedstock Base
PulpMill
Forest
Saw-mill
Pulp
WoodProducts
PulpMill
LogsPulp
Wood
RecoveryBoiler
Combined Recoveryand Fuel Generation
Fuel
ForestResidual
DirectBio-mass conversion
Fuel
Energy crops, Agricultural waste, etcTOMORROW (3)
CHEMRECEnergy to Succeed
Synthetic fuels through gasification.Value Chain A as defined by EBTP1)
1) European Biofuels Technology Platform
21
TransportBiofuels
Co-products
**FinalConversion
Pre-treatment
InitialConversion
BiomassProduction
System
Co-located
- Feeding sys.- Gasification- CH4 ref’ng- Tar handling- Particulatehandling- Shifting- Gas cleaning- Etc
-pyrolysis- coarse prep. -drying-torrefaction-grinding
- Synthesis-
reforming- Cracking- hydrotreating- Distillation- Etc
**certain steps of final conversionmay be located elsewhere
FinalConversion
-Hydrotreatment-Co-treatment
*No pre- treatment necessary before gasification.
-black liquor *
CHEMRECEnergy to Succeed
Synthetic fuels through gasificationExamples European project developments (1)
22
Choren Projectsa. Beta plant, ~45 MWt / FT products / Under Start-upb. Sigma Plan~640 MWt / FT products / Start-up 14-15(?)
BioLiq Project2 MWt / via DME toHC:s / 2012
Bioliq pyrolysis plant
Choren Beta Plant
+
Lurgi MPGgasifier
Source: EBTP
CHEMRECEnergy to Succeed
Synthetic fuels through gasificationExamples European project developments (2)
23
Chemrec development plant
Pilot tests inChicago at IGT
Gasification ModuleFull sized plantSource: UPM, Andritz,Carbona
BioDME plant under construction
Source: EBTP
Chemrec Projectsa. BioDME~3 MWt / DME / Start-Up Sept 2010b. Domsjö Biofuels~200 MWt / DME and Methanol / Start-Up 2013
UPM Projecta. Pilot testing at IGT, Chicago~5 MWt / syngas production / Ongoingb. Commercial Demonstration~300t / FT products / Start-Up 2014/15
CHEMRECEnergy to Succeed
Synthetic fuels through gasificationExamples European project developments (3)
24
VVBGC Project (under re-financing & re-organisation)~15 MWt / clean syngas / 2012-13
Neste-Stora Enso project ~ 12 MWt /part stream to FT / Gasification in operation
BioTfueL Project~ 12 MWt / FT products / 2012
StoraEnso Pilot Plant
Source: EBTP
CHEMRECEnergy to Succeed
Production Cost as Function of Price of Biomass Source: Renew (2008)
25
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9Total biomass provision costs at BtL plant [€/GJ]
BtL
pro
duct
ion
cost
s [€
/GJ]
Chemrec
CHOREN
FZK
TU Wien
Abengoa CFB
Abengoa EF
CUTEC
~ 75-95 €per dry ton
biomass
Chemrec
ChorenTU W
ien
~ 0.5 €/ lit.diesel eqv.
as DME
CHEMRECEnergy to Succeed
Scenario: All Planned Renewable Gasification Capacity in Europe to
produce BioDME
26
Project Feedstock (MWt)
BioDME Prod.(Tonnes / year)
Start-up Year
Chemrec, Domsjö 200 100 000* 2014UPM 300 180 000* 2014/15Choren 640 380 000* 2014/15BioLiq, StoraEnsoVVBGC and otherminor projects
40 11 000* 2012/13
Total ~ 670 000 2015
* Different yield from different processes as well as different utilization A SCENARIO
CHEMRECEnergy to Succeed
Content
• BioDME from Pulp Mills via Black Liquor Gasification
• BioDME from Biomass through gasification• Supply and Demand Balance for a DME fuel system
- Flexibility for BioDME producers- Guarantee DME availability in the fuel system- Flexibility for fossil DME producers
• Conclusions
27
CHEMRECEnergy to Succeed
Concept for development of the BioDME market for heavy duty vehicles
(short / medium term)
28
1000
2000
3000
The BioDMEProject
The DomsjöProject
20143Q 2010
Methanol- for low blend in gasoline- for RME/MTBE- for chemical use
DME
Number ofheavy duty
vehicles runningon DME
Time10
CHEMRECEnergy to Succeed
Concept for development of the BioDME market for heavy duty vehicles
(medium / long term)
29
4000
8000
12000
DME
Number ofheavy duty
vehicles runningon DME
Time10
16000
20142010
The DomsjöProject
2018 2022
?
?
BioDMEProject
MeOH
CHEMRECEnergy to Succeed
Concept for development of the BioDME market for heavy duty vehicles
(medium / long term)
30
4000
8000
12000
DME
Number ofheavy duty
vehicles runningon DME
10
16000
Time
20142010 2018 2022
?
?
MeOH
Production: 680 000 t DME/y 30 ton dieseleqv / truck, year
Corresponds to apr. 15 000 HD trucks
CHEMRECEnergy to Succeed
How to meet the demand from a growing BioDME Fuel Market ?
BioDME
BioMeOH
Fossil DME
Fossil MeOH
Alternate usageof renewable
MeOH
DMEFuel
Alternate usagein the world
MeOH market
Blend into LPG
Dual FuelPlants
RenewableFeedstock
CHEMRECEnergy to Succeed9/13/2010 32
The Route via Gasification and Syngas to Automotive Fuels
SyngasSyngas(CO+H2)(CO+H2)
Natural GasNatural Gas
CoalCoal
BiomassBiomass
SynteticDiesel (FTD)
Methanol
DMEDME (DiMetylEter)(DiMetylEter)
Hydrogen
Black liquorBlack liquor
Heavy oilsHeavy oils
GA
SIFI
CA
TIO
N
CO2
Chemicals
SNG
CHEMRECEnergy to Succeed
Price Levels of some Key Commodities
Commodity € cents / kWh (approx.)
Crude at 80 USD/bbl 3.5Gasoline at refinery gate, NW Europe (0.4€/lit)
4.0
Diesel at refinery gate, NW Europe (0.4€/lit)
4.0
Methanol, contract price (average Jan -09 to March -10) Rotterdam, (200€/t 250 USD/t )
3.6
DME, estimate based on methanol price
3.7-3.8
CHEMRECEnergy to Succeed9/13/2010 34
The Route via Gasification and Syngas to Automotive Fuels
SyngasSyngas(CO+H2)(CO+H2)
Natural GasNatural Gas
CoalCoal
BiomassBiomass
SynteticDiesel (FTD)
Methanol
DMEDME (DiMetylEter)(DiMetylEter)
Hydrogen
Black liquorBlack liquor
Heavy oilsHeavy oils
GA
SIFI
CA
TIO
N
Chemicals
SNGCO2to
CCS
CHEMRECEnergy to Succeed
PRINCIPLE: Net CO2 emission from GTL and BTL if CCS is applied. Case DME
0
100
200
300
400
100 200 300 400 500 600
Total energy consumption (MJ / 100 km)
Tota
l em
issi
on o
f gre
enho
use
gase
s (g
CO
2 eq
v / k
m)
35
Source: EUCAR/CONCAWE/JRC
NG to DME
DME from Black liquor
Conventional gasolineConventional dieselBiodiesel: Glycerin as chemicalBiodiesel: Glycerin as animal feedSyndiesel: CoalSyndiesel: Natural gasSyndiesel: BiomassSyndiesel: Black liquorDME: CoalDME: Natural gasDME: BiomassDME: Black liquorEtOH: Wheat, straw CHP, DDGS as AFEtOH: Sugar cane (Brazil)EtOH: Wheat, straw CHP, DDGS fuelEtOH: CelluloseEtOH: Wheat strawEtOH: Wheat, coal CHP, DDGS as AFEtOH: Wheat, coal CHP, DDGS fuelEtOH: Wheat, NG GT+CHP, DDGS AFEtOH: Wheat NG GT+CHP, DDGS fuelBiogas: Municipal wasteBiogas: Manure
Gasoline &diesel
CHEMRECEnergy to Succeed
The chicken / egg problem has been resolved before!
Produce BioDME
Produce Fossil DME
Distribute the Fuel
Develop Market
CHEMRECEnergy to Succeed
Summary and Conclusions 1• Fuel generation at pulp mills has in various
studies shown to have highest efficiency and lowest production cost compared to renewable fuels alternatives
• BioDME will be produced from November 2010. Capacity 4 tons / day
• An industrial demonstration plants planned to be in operation early 2014. Capacity 100 000 tons of DME or corresponding amounts of methanol
• BioDME can be produced efficiently in biomass gasification based plants
37
CHEMRECEnergy to Succeed
Summary and Conclusions 2
38
• BioDME production needs to be balanced with a second product, preferably BioMethanol
• Fossil DME will play a role to secure DME availability in the DME fuel system
• Fossil DME can be produced at competitive costs compared to fossil diesel in a crude oil price scenario > 50-60 USD/bbl
CHEMRECEnergy to Succeed
With support from and in collaboration with…
www.chemrec.se
Thank You!