sc,bd,bsshodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/9642/6/06_references.pdf · and mushroom...
TRANSCRIPT
105
Abdel- El- Haleem, D. 2003. Acinetobacter: Enviromental and Biotechnological
Applications. Afr. J. Biotechnol. 2:71-74.
Abioye, P. O., Abdul Aziz, A. and Agamuthu, P. 2010. Enhanced Biodegradation of
Used Engine Oil in Soil Amended with Organic Wastes. Water Air Soil Pollut.
209:173–179. DOI 10.1007/s11270-009-0189-3.
Adamczak, M. and Bednarsk, W. 2000. Influence of media composition and
aeration on the synthesis of biosurfactants produced by Candida antartica.
Biotechnol. 22:313-316.
Adekunle, A. A. and Adebambo, O. A. 2007. Petroleum Hydrocarbon Utilization by
Fungi Isolated from Detarium Senegalense (J. F Gmelin) Seeds. Journal of
American Science. 3(1).
Adelowo, O. O., Alagbe S.O. and Ayandele, A. A. 2006. Time-dependent stability
of used engine oil degradation by cultures of Pseudomonas fragi and
Achromobacter aerogenes. Afr. J. Biotechnol. 5:2476-2479.
Adenipekun, Clementina and Oyinkansola. 2008. Bioremediation of engine-oil
polluted soil by Pleurotus tuber-regium Singer, a Nigerian white-rot fungus. African
Journal of Biotechnology. 7 (1): 055-058.
Adesodun, J. K. and Mbagwu, J. S. C. 2008. Biodegradation of waste lubricating
petroleum oil in a tropical alfisol as mediated by animal droppings. Bioresource
Technology. 99:5659–5665.
Adria, A., Bodour, Raina and Miller-Maier, M. 1998. Application of a modified
drop-collapse technique for surfactant quantization and screening of biosurfactant-
producing microorganisms. Journal of Microbiological Methods. 32:273-280.
Ahn, Y. H., Sanseverino, J. and Sayler, G. S. 1999. Analyses of polycyclic aromatic
hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria isolated from contaminated soils. Biodegradation.
10:149–157.
Aislabie, J., Saul, D. J. and Foght, J. M. 2006. Bioremediation of hydrocarbon-
contaminated polar soils. Extremophiles. 10:171–179.
106
Aitken, M. D., Stringfellow, W. T., Nagel, R. D., Kazunga, C. and Chen. S. 1998.
Characteristics of phenanthrene-degrading bacteria isolated from soils contaminated
with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Can. J. Microbiol. 44:743-752.
Akit, J., Cooper, D. J., Manninen, K. I. and Zajic, J. E. 1981. Investigation of
Potential Biosurfactant Production among Phytophathogenic Corynebacteria and
Related Soil Microbes. Cur Microbiology. 6:145-150.
Akoachere, T. K., Akenji,T.N., Yongabi,F.N., Gerald Nkwelang and Ndip,
R.N.2008. Lubricating oil-degrading bacteria in soils from filling stations and auto-
mechanic workshops in Buea, Cameroon: Occurrence and Characteristics of
isolates. Afr. Jr.Biotechnol. 11: 1700-1706.
Akpa, E., Jacques, P. and Wathelet, B. 2001. Influence of culture Conditions on
Lipopeptide Production by Bacillus subtilis. Applied Biochem. Biotechnol. 91:551-
561.
AL-Araji Laith, R. N. Z. A., Rahman, M., Basri and Salleh, A. B. 2007. The Effects
of culture Conditions on biosurfactant activity of Pseudomonas aeruginosa 181
using response surface methodology. Journal of Medical and Biological sciences.
1(1):1–4.
Alden, L., Demoling, F. and Baath, E. 2001. Rapid method for determining factors
limiting bacterial growth in soil. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 67(4):1830–1838.
Alexander, M. 1977. Introduction to soil microbiology. John Wiley and sons, Inc.
New York NY.
Alexander, M. 1994. Biodegradation and Bioremediation. Academic Press, New
York. 692.
Alexander, M. 1999. Biodegradation and Bioremediation (2nd edition) Academic
Press, San Diego.
Alvarez, P., Vogel, M. 1991. Biodegradation. 2:43.
107
Amezcua-Vega, C., Ferrera-Cerrato, R., Esparza-Garcia, F., Rios-Leal, E. and
Rodriguez-Vazquez., R. 2004. Effect of Combined Nutrients on Biosurfactant
Produced by Pseudomonas putida. Journal of Environmental Science and Health.
39:2983–2991.
Amund, O. O. and Nwokaye, N. 1993. Hydrocarbon degradation potentials of yeast
isolates from a polluted lagoon. J. Sci. Res. Dev. 1:61-64.
Amund, O. O., Omole, C. A., Esiobu, N. and Ugoji, E. O. 1993. Effects of waste
engine oil on soil physico-chemical and microbiological properties. J. Sci. Res. Dev.
1:65-68.
Anand, S., Nayak, M. H., Vijaykumar and Karegoudar, T. B. 2010. Characterization
of biosurfactant produced by Pseudoxanthomonas sp. PNK-04 and its application in
bioremediation. International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation. 63:73-79.
Andrea Franzetti, Paolo Caredda, Paolo La Colla, Manuela Pintus, Elena Tamburini,
Maddalena Papacchini and Giuseppina Bestetti. 2009. Cultural factors affecting
biosurfactant production by Gordonia sp. BS29. International Biodeterioration &
Biodegradation. 63:943–947.
Andreoni, V. and Gianfreda, L. 2007. Bioremediation and monitoring of aromatic—
polluted habitats. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 76:287–308.
Aneja, K. R. 1996. Experiments in microbiology, plant pathology tissue culture
and mushroom cultivation 2(edt). Wishwa prakash and New age international (P)
limited, New Delhi.
Anjana Sharma and Meenal, B. R. 2009. Laboratory scale bioremediation of diesel
hydrocarbon in soil by indigenous bacterial consortium. Ind J Exp Biol. 47:766-769.
Antai, S. P. 1990. Biodegradation of Bonny light crude oil by Bacillus sp. and
Pseudomonas sp. Waste Manag. 10:61–64.
Antai, S. P., Mgbomo, E. 1993. Pattern of Degradation of Bonny light crude oil by
Bacillus sp. and Pseudomonas sp isolated from oil spilled site W.A.J. Biol. Appl.
Chem. 38(1-4):16-20.
108
Anyanwu, C. U., Obi, S. K. C. and Okolo, B. N. 2011. Lipopeptide Biosurfactant
Production by Serratia marcescens NSK-1 Strain Isolated from Petroleum-
contaminated Soil. Journal of Applied Sciences Research. 7(1):79-87.
Asselineau, C. and Asselineau, J. 1978. Trehalose containing glycolipids. Prog.
Chem. Fats Lipids. 16:59–99.
Atlas, M. R., Horowitz, A., Krichevky, M. and Bej, K. A. 1991. Microbiol.Ecol.
22:249–256.
Atlas, R. M. 1981. Microbial degradation of petroleum hydrocarbons: an
environmental perspective. Microbiol. Rev. 45:180-209.
Atlas, R. M. and Bartha, R. 1992. Hydrocarbon biodegradation and oil spill
bioremediation. Adv Microbiol Ecol. 12:287–338.
Atlas, R. M. and Cerniglia, C. E. 1995. BioScience. 45:332–338.
ATSDR. 1997. Public health statements: used mineral based crankcase oil. Atlanta,
GA: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Public Health Service. CAS
8002:5-9.
Autry, A. R., Ellis, G. M. 1992. Enviromental Progress. 11:318.
Awasthi, N., Manickam, N., Kumar, A. 1997. Biodegradation of endosulphan by a
bacterial co-culture. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 59:928–934.
Bakermans, C. and Madsen, E. L. 2002. Diversity of 16S rDNA and naphthalene
dioxygenase genes from coal-tar-waste-contaminated aquifer waters. Microb. Ecol.
28:645-651.
Balows, A., Truper, H G., Dworkin, M., Harder, W., Schleifer, K. H . 1992. The
Prokaryotes: A Handbook on the Biology of Bacteria. SpringerVerlag, Heidelberg,
Germany.
Banat, I. M. 1995. Biosurfactants Production and Possible Uses in Microbial
Enhanced Oil Recovery and Oil Pollution Remediation: A Review. Bioresource
Technology. 511-12.
109
Banat, I. M., Makkar, R. S., Cameotra, S. S.2000. Potential commercial applications
of microbial surfactants. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 53:495−508.
Banat, I. M., Samarah, M., Murad, M., Horne, R. and Banerjee, S. 1991.
Biosurfactant production and use in oil tank clean-up. World Journal of
Microbiology and Biotechnology. 7:80-88.
Barther, R. and Atlas, R. M. 1977. The microbiology of aquatic oil spills. Adv.
Appl. Microbiol. 22:225-266.
Baruah, A., Saina, U. S., Adhikari, D. K. and Sista, V. R. 1997. Production of
biosurfactants by Pseudomonas and Bacillus Strains, Indian J Microbiol 37:145-
148.
Benincasa, M. 2007. Rhamnolipid produced from agroindustrial wastes enhances
hydrocarbon biodegradation in contaminated soil. Curr. Microbiol., 54(6):445-449.
Benincasa, M., Contiero, J., Manresa. M. A. and Moraes, I. O. 2002. Rhamnolipid
production by Pseudomonas aeruginosa LBI growing on soap stock as the sole
carbon source. Journal of Food Engineering. 54:283–288.
Benjamas T., Wanna Pumeechockchai, Anirut Limtrakul, Panarat Arunrattiyakorn,
Wipawan Petchleelaha, Teruhiko Nitoda and Hiroshi Kanzaki. 2007. Chemical
structures and biological activities of rhamnolipids produced by Pseudomonas
aeruginosa B189 isolated from milk factory waste. Bioresource Technology.
98:1149-1153.
Bento, F. M., Camargo, F. O. A., Okeke, B. C. and Frankenberger, W. T. 2005.
Comparative bioremediation of soils contaminated with diesel oil by natural
attenuation, biostimulation and bioaugmentation. Bioresource Technology. 96:1049-
1055.
Bertilsson, S., Cavanaugh, C. M. and Polz, M. F. 2002. Sequencing independent
method to generate oligonucleotide probes targeting a variable region in bacterial
16S rRNA by PCR with detachable primers. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 68:6077–
6086.
110
Bhattacharya, D., Sarma, P.M., Krishnan, S., Mishra, S. and Lal, B. 2002.
Evaluation of genetic diversity among Pseudomonas citronellolis strains isolated
from oil sludge—contaminated sites. Appl Environ Microbiol. 69:1435–1441.
Bintrim, S. B., Donohue, T. J., Handelsman, J., Roberts, G. P. and Goodman, R. G.
1997. Molecular phylogeny of Archaea from soil. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 94:277–
282.
Blodgett, W. 2001. Water—soluble mutagen production during the bio-remediation
of oil-contaminated soil. Fla Sci. 60:28–36.
Bonilla, M., Olivaro, C., Corona, M., Vazquez, A. and Soubes, M. 2005. Production
and characterization of a new bioemulsifier from Pseudomonas putida ML2. J.Appl
Microbiol., 98:456–463.
Boonchan, S., Britz, M. L. and Stanley, G. A. 2000. Degradation and Mineralization
of high–molecular weight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by defined fungal–
bacterial co-cultures. Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 66(3):1007–1019.
Borjana, K., Tuleva, George, R., Ivanov and Nelly, E. Christova. 2002.
Biosurfactant Production by a New Pseudomonas putida Strain. Z. Naturforsch.
57(3-4):356-60.
Bossert, I. and Bartha, R. 1984. The fate of Petroleum in the Soil Ecosystems. In.
Atlas R M. (ed.) Petroleum Microbiology. Macmillan Publishing Co, New York.
435–473.
Bossert, I.D., Bartha, R. 1986. Structure–biodegradability relationships of
polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in soil. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol.37:490–495.
Braddock, J. F., Ruth, M. L., Catterall, P. H., Walworth, J. L. and McCarthy, K. A.
1997. Environ.Sci. Technol. 31(7):2078.
Brinboin, H. C. and Dolly, J. A. 1979. A rapid alkaline extraction procedure for
screening recombinant plasmid DNA. Nucleic.Acid.Res. 7:1513-1523.
111
Bundy, J. G., Paton, G. I. and Campbell, C. D. 2004. Combined microbial
community level and single species biosensor responses to monitor recovery of oil
polluted soil. Soil Biology & Biochemistry. 36:1149-1159.
Bushnell, L. D. and Haas, H. F. 1941. The utilization of hydrocarbons by
microorganisms. J. Bacteriol. 41:653–673.
Butler, C. S., Mason, J. R. 1997. Structure–function analysis of the bacterial
aromatic ring–hydroxylating dioxygenases. Advanced Microbial Physiology. 38:47–
84.
Cameotra, S. S. 1995. Biosurfactant production by an oil field bacterial strain.
J.Micro.Biotech. 50:520-529.
Cameotra, S.S. and Makkar, R.S. 1998. “Synthesis of Biosurfactants in Extreme
Conditions”. Applied Microbiology Biotechnology. 50:520-529.
Capelli, S. M, Busalmen, P. J. and De Sánchez, R. S. 2001. Hydrocarbon
bioremediation of a mineral-base contaminated waste from crude oil extraction by
indigenous bacteria. International Biodeterioration and Biodegradation. 47:233-238.
Carrillo, P. G., Mardaraz, C., Pitta-Alvarez, S. I. and Giulietti, A. M. 1996.
Isolation and selection biosurfactant-producing bacteria. World J.Microbiol.
Biotechnol. 12:82-84.
Cerniglia, C. E. 1992. Biodegradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.
Biodegradation. 3:351-368.
Cerniglia, C. E. and Yang, S. K. 1984. Stereoselective metabolism of anthracene
and phenanthrene by the fungus Cunninghamella elegans. Appl. Environ. Microbiol.
45:119-124.
Cerniglia, C., White, G. and Heflich, H. 1985. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 50:649–55.
Chaillan, F., Le Flèche, A., Bury, E., Phantavong, Y., Grimont, P., Saliot, A. and
Oudot, J. 2004. Identification and biodegradation potential of tropical aerobic
hydrocarbon-degrading microorganisms. Res Microbiol. 155:587-595.
112
Chakrabarty, A. M. 1980. Plasmids and dissimilation of synthetic environ mental
pollutants. In: Plasmids and Transposons. pp. 21-30 (C. Stuttard and K.R. Rooze,
ed.) Academic Press, New York.
Chang, R. 1998. Chemistry. (6th edition).McGraw–Hill Companies, Inc. 24:962–
963.
Chin-Chi Lai, Yi- Chien Huang, Yu-HongWei. and Jo-Shu Chang. 2009.
Biosurfactant-enhanced removal of total petroleum hydrocarbons from
contaminated soil. Journal of Hazardous Materials. 167:609–614.
Cho , J. C and Sang-Jong Kim. 2001. Detection of Mega Plasmid from Polycyclic
Aromatic Hydrocarbon-Degrading Sphingomonas sp. Strain KS14.J. Mol.
Microbiol. Biotechnol. 3(4):503-506.
Christofi, N. and Ivshina, I. B. 2002. Microbial surfactants and their use in field
studies of soil remediation. Journal of Applied Microbiology. 93:915–929.
Christopher, W. K. and Christopher, L. K. 2004. Bacterial succession in a petroleum
land treatment unit. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 70(3):1777-1785.
Collins, C. H. and Lyne, P. M. 1998. Microbiological Methods, 5th Ed.,
Butterworths, Kent, UK.
Colombo, J. C., Cabello, M. and Arambrri, A. M. 1996. Biodegradation of aliphatic
and aromatic hydrocarbons by natural soil micro flora and pure cultures of imperfect
and lignolitic fungi. Environ. Pollution. 94:355-362.
Cookson, J. T. 1995. Bioremediation engineering:Design and application; Mc
Graw-Hill Inc., New York.
Cooper, D. G. and Paddock, D. A. 1984. Production of Biosurfactants from
Torulopsis bombicola. Applied Environmental Microbiology. 47:173–176.
Cooper, D. G., MacDonald, C. R., Duff, S. J. B. and Kosaric, N. 1981. Enhanced
production of surfactin from Bacillus subtilis by continuous product removal and
metal cation additions. Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 42:408-412.
113
Cripps, R. E. and Warkinson, R. J. 1990. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons:
Metabolism and environmental aspects. In Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Shell
biosciences laboratory, Sittingbourne, UK.
Da Rosa, C. F. C., Mariano Michelon, Janaína Fernandes de Medeiros Burkert,
Susana Juliano Kalil and Carlos André Veiga Burkert. 2010. Production of a
rhamnolipid-type biosurfactant by Pseudomonas aeruginosa LBM10 grown on
glycerol. Afr J Biotechnology. 9(53):9012-9017.
Dagley, S. 1985. A biochemical approach to some problems of environmental
pollution. Essays in Biochem. 11:81-138.
Danne, L. L. I., Harjono, S. M., Barns, L. A., Launen, N. J., Palleron and
Haggblom, M. M. 2002. PAH-degradation by Paenibacillus spp. And description of
Paenibacillus naphthalenovorans sp.nov., a naphthalene-degrading bacterium
from the rhizosphere of salt marsh plants. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 52:131-
139.
Das, K. and Mukherjee, A. K. 2007. Crude petroleum-oil biodegradation efficiency
of Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains isolated from petroleum
oil contaminated soil from North–East India. Bioresource Technology. 98:1339–
1345.
Davis, D. A., Lynch, H. C. and Varely, J. 1999. The production of surfactin in batch
culture by Bacillus subtilis AATCC21332 is strongly influenced by the condition of
nitrogen metabolism. Enzyme. Microbiol. Technol. 25:322-329.
Davis, J. B. and Updegraff, D. M. 1954. Microbiology in Petroleum industry.
Bacteriol. Rev. 18:215–238.
Del Arco, J. P. and de Franc, F. P. 2001. Influence of oil contamination levels on
hydrocarbon biodegradation in sandy sediment. Environ. Pollut.,112:515-519.
Deleu, M. and Paquot, M. 2004. From Renewable Vegetables Resources to
Microorganisms: New Trends in Surfactants. C.R. Chimie. 7:641-646.
114
Desai, J. D. and Banat, I. M. 1997. Microbial production of Surfactant and Their
Commercial Potential. Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews. 61:47-64.
Diaz, E., Fernandez, A., Prieto, M. A. and Garcia, J. L. 2001. Bioremediation of
aromatic compounds by Escherichia coli. Microbiol Mol Biol. Rev 65:523–569.
Dibble, J. T. and Bartha, R. 1979. Effect of environmental parameters on the
biodegradation of oil sludge. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 55:729–739.
Dua, M., Johri, A. K., Singh, A. and Sethunathan, N. 2002. Biotechnology and
bioremediation: successes and limitations. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol., 59:143–152.
Duvnjak, Z. and Kosaric, N. 1985. Production and release of surfactant by
Corynebacterium lepus in hydrocarbon and glucose media. Biotechnology Letters.
7:793-796.
Duvnjak, Z., Cooper, D. G. and Kosaric, N. 1982. Production of surfactant by
Arthrobacter paraffineus ATCC19558. Biotechnology & Bioengineering. 24:165-
175.
Duvnjak, Z., Cooper, D. G. and Kosaric, N. 2004. Production of surfactant by
Arthrobacter paraffineus ATCC 19558. Article first published online. Feb18th
2004. DOI: 10.1002/bit.260240.
Eaton, R. W. and Timmis, K. N. 1986. Characterization of a plasmidspecified
pathway for catabolism of isopropylbenzene in Pseudomonas putida RE204. J.
Bacteriol. 168:123–131.
Edewor, T. L., Adelowo, O. O. and Afolabi, T. J. 2004. Preliminary studies into the
biological activities of a broad spectrum disinfectant formulated from used engine
oil. Poll Res. 23:581–586.
Edwards, J. R. and Hayashi, J. A. 1965. Structure of a rhamnolipid from
Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Arch. Biochem. Biophys., 111:415-421.
115
Ellaiah, P., Prabhakar, T., Sreekanth, M., Taleb, A. T., Raju, P. B. and Saisha, V.
2002. Production of glycolipids containing biosurfactant by Pseudomonas species.
Indian J Exp Biol. 40:1083–1086.
Emtiazi, G., Shakarami, H., Nahvi, I. and Mirdamadian, S. H. 2005. Utilization of
petroleum hydrocarbons by pseudomonas sp. And transformed Escherichia coli. Afr
J Biotechnol. 4:172-176.
Ensley, B. D, Ratzkin, B. J, Osslund, T. D, Simon, M. J, Wackett, L. P and Gibson,
D. T. 1983. Expression of naphthalene oxidation genes in Escherichia coli results in
the biosynthesis of indigo. Science. 222:167–169.
Eriksson, M. G., Dalhammar, A. K. and Borg-Karson. 1999. Aerobic degradation of
hydrocarbon mixture in natural contaminated potting soil in indigenous
microorganisms at 20 oC and 6 oC. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 51:532–535.
Eriksson, M., J. K. K. A. and Mohn, W. W. 2001. Effects of low temperature and
freeze-thaw cycles on hydrocarbon biodegradation in Arctic Tundra soil. Appl.
Environ. Microbiol. 67:5107-5112.
Ewa Huszcza and Bogdan Burczyk. 2003. Biosurfactant Production by Bacillus
coagulant. Journal of Surfactants and Detergents. 6(1):61–64.
Ezeji, E. U., Anyanwu, B. N., Onyeze, G. O. C. and Ibekwe, V. I. 2005. Studies on
the utilization of Petroleum Hydrocarbon by microorganism isolated from oil
Contaminated Soil. Int. J. Nat. Appl. Sci. 1(2):122-128.
Faboya, O. O. P. 1997. Industrial pollution and waste management. In: Akinjide, O
(ed) Dimensions of environmental problems in Nigeria. Friedrich Ebert
Foundation.12–25.
Farinazleen, G., Raja, Z., Rahman, A., Abu, S. and Mahiran, B. 2004. Int.
Biodeterior. Biodegrad. 54:61–67.
Fennewald, M., Benson, S. and Shapiro, J. 1978. Plasmid-chromosome interactions
in the Pseudomonas alkane systems. In : Microbiology 1977 (D. Schlessinger, éd.),
American Society for Microbiology. Washington,D.C.
116
Fiebig, R., Schulze, D., Chung, J.C. and Lee, S.T.1997. Biodegradation of
polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in the presence of a bioemulsifier produced on
sunflower oil. Biodegradation . 8:67-75.
Fiechter, A. 1992. Biosurfactants: moving towards industrial application. Trends in
Biotechnology. 10:208-217.
Flasz, A., Rocha, C. A., Mosquera, B. and Sajo, C. 1998. A comparative study of
the toxicity of a synthetic surfactant and one produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa
ATCC 55925. Med. Sci. Res., 26:181–185.
Fonseca, R. R., Silva, A. J. R., De Franca, F. P., Cardoso, V. L. and Servulo, E. F.
C. 2007. Optimizing Carbon/Nitrogen Ratio for Biosurfactant Production by a
Bacillus subtilis Strain. Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology. 15:471–486.
Frautz, B., Lang, S. and Wagner, F. 1986. Formation of cellobios lipids by growing
and resting cells of Ustilago maydis. Biotechnology Letters. 8:757-762.
Freeman, H. M., Harris, E. F. 1995. Hazardous Waste remediation, Innovative
Treatment Technologies. Technomic Publ. Co., Inc., Lancaster, Pa, USA.
Friedrich, U., Prior, K., Altendorf, K. and Lipski, A. 2003. High bacterial diversity
of a waste gas degrading community in an industrial bio-filter as shown by 16S
rDNA clone library. Environ. Microbiol. 4:721–734.
Fukui, S. and Tanaka, A. 1981. Metabolism of alkanes by yeasts. Advances in
Biochemical Engineering. 19:217-237.
Fulthorpe, R. R., Rhodes, A. N. and Tiedje, J. M. 1998. High level of endemicity of
3-chlorobenzoate-degradaing soil bacteria. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 64:1620–
1627.
Garland, J. L. and Mills, A. L. 1991. Classification and characterization of
heterotrophic microbial communities on the basis of patterns of community-level
sole-carbon-source utilization. Appl. Env. Microbiol. 57:2351–2359.
117
Georgiadis, P., Stoikidou, M., Topinka, J., Kaila, S., Gioka, M., Katsouyanni, K.,
Sram, R. and Kyrtopoulos, S. A. 2001. Personal exposures to PM (2.5) and
polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and their relationship to environmental tobacco
smoke at two locations in Greece. J. Expo. Anal. Environ. Epidemiol. 11:169-183.
Georgiou, G., Lin, S. C. and Sharma, M. M. 1992. Surface-active compounds from
microorganisms. Bio ⁄ Technology. 10:60–65.
Gerdes, B., Brinkmeyer, R., Dieckmann. G. and Helmke, E. 2005. Influence of
crude oil on changes of bacterial communities in Artic sea-ice. FEMS Microbiology
Ecology. 53:129-139.
Gerhardt, P., Murray, R. G. E., Costilow, R. N., Nestor, E. W, Wood, W. A, Krieg,
N. R. and Philips, C. B, 1981. Manual of Methods for General Bacteriology.
American Society for Microbiology. Washington D. C.
Gerson, D. F .1985. The Biophysics of Microbial growth on hydrocarbon: Insoluble
substrates. Int. Bioresour. J.1:39-53.
Ghazali, F. M., Abdul Rahman, R. N. Z., Salleh, A. B. and Basri, M., 2004.
Biodegradation of hydrocarbons in soil by microbial consortium. Int.Biodeterio.
Biodegrad., 54:61–67.
Gibson, D. T. and Subranian. V. 1984. Microbial degradation of aromatic
hydrocarbons. In Gibson D T. (ed.). Microbial degradation of organic compounds.
Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York, USA. 181.
Gilewicz, M., Ni'matuzahroh, T., Nadalig, H., Budzinski, H., Doumenq, P.,
Michotey, V. and Bertrand, J. C. 1997. Isolation and characterization of a marine
bacterium capable of utilizing 2-methylphenanthrene. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol.,
48:528-533.
Gobbert, U., Lang, S. and Wagner, F. 1984. Sophorose lipids formation by resting
cells of Torulopsis bombicola. Biotechnology Letters. 6:225-230.
Gough, M. A. and Rowland, S. J., 1990.Characterization of unresolved complex
mixture of hydrocarbons in petroleum. Nature. 344:648-650.
118
Goyal, A. K and Zylstra, G. J. 1996. Molecular cloning of novel genes for
polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon degradation from Comamonas testosteroni GZ39.
Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 62:230–236.
Grady, F. 1985. Biodegradation. Its measurement and microbiological basis.
Biotechnol. Bioeng. 27: 660-671.
Grant, D.J.W. 1967. Kinetic aspects of the growth of Klebsiella aerogenes with
some benzenoid carbon sources. J. Gen. Microbiol. 46:213–224.
Greene, E. A., Kay, J. G., Jaber, K., Stehmeier, L. G. and Voordouw, G. 2000.
Composition of soil microbial communities enriched on a mixture of aromatic
hydrocarbons. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 66:5282–5289.
Guerra-Santos, L. H., Käppeli, O. and Fiechter, A. 1984. Pseudomonas aeruginosa
biosurfactant production in continuous culture with glucose as carbon source, Appl.
Environ. Microb. 48:301–305.
Guerra-Santos, L., Kappeli, O. and Fiechter, A. 1986. Dependence of Pseudomonas
aeruginosa continuous culture biosurfactant production on nutritional and environ-
mental factors. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology. 24:443-448.
Guo, Y. P., Hu, Y. Y., Gu, R. R. and Lin, H. 2009. Characterization and
micellization of rhamnolipidic fractions and crude extracts produced by
Pseudomonas aeruginosa mutant MIG-N146. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 331:356–363.
Gupta, V. K., Pankaj Kumar Jain ., Hardik Pathak ., Madan Lowry. and Jaroli, D. P.
2010. Characterization of 2T engine oil degrading indigenous bacteria, isolated from
high altitude (Mussoorie), India. World J Microbiol Biotechnol. 26:1419–1426. DOI
10.1007/s11274-010-0316-8.
Haack, C. A. and Griffiths, B. S. 1997. Statistical analysis of the time course of
Biolog substrate utilization profile. J. Microbiol. Meth. 30:63–69.
Haack, S. K., Garchow, H., Klug, M. J. and Forney, L. J. 1995. Analysis of factors
effecting the accuracy, reproducibility, and interpretation of microbial community
carbon source utilization. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 61:1458–1468.
119
Haba, E., Espuny, M. J., Busquets, M. and Manresa, A. 2000. Screening and
production of rhamnolipids by Pseudonomas aeruginosa 47T2 NCIB 40044 from
waste frying oils. J. Appl. Microbiol., 88:379-387.
Hafez, E. E., Rashad, M., Abd-Elsalam, H. E. and El Hanafy, A. A. 2008. The
Polyaromatic hydrocarbons as a serious environmental pollutants and the role of
bioremediation to overcome this problem, Accepted for publication in Environment,
Health and Nutrition-Global Issues. S.K. Basu and S. Datta Banik (Eds.), APH
Publishing Corporation, New Delhi. India.
Hagwell, I. S., Delfino, L. M. and Rao, J. J. 1992. Partitioning of Polycyclic
Aromatic Hydrocarbons from oil in to water. Environ. Sci. Technol., 26:2104–
2110.
Haha, H. S. and Sizemore, R. K. 1981. Incidence of plasmids in marine Vibrio spp.
isolated from an oil field in the northwestern Gulf of Mexico. Appl. Environ.
Microbiol. 41:199-202.
Hale, C.H., Hale, M.N. and Jones,W.H. 1949. Spectrophotometric determination of
total nitrogen in oils. Analytical chemistry. 21(12):1549-1551.
Hamme, D. J., Singh, A. and Ward, P. O. 2003. Recent advances in Petroleum
Microbiology. Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews. 67:503- 548.
Hanson, K. G., Desai, J. D. and Desai, A. J. 1993. A rapid and simple screening
technique for potential crude oil degrading microorganisms. Biotechnol Tech.
7:745–748.
Harder, E. 2004. Bioremediation of engine oil. Little Flower Academy. Dallas,
Texas.
Harvey, S., Elashvilli, I., Valdes, J. J., Kamley, D., Chakarbarty, A. M. 1990.
Enhanced removal of Exxon Valdez spilled oil from Alaskan gravel by a microbial
surfactant. Bio Technol. 8:228–230.
Head, I. M. and Swannell R. P. 1999. Bioremediation of petroleum hydrocarbon
contaminants in marine habitats. Curr. Opin. Biotechnol. 10:234-239.
120
Hedlund, B. P., Geiselbrecht, A. D., Blair, T. J. and Staley, J. T. 1999. Polycylic
aromatic hydrocarbon degradation by a new marine bacterium, Neptunomonas
naphthovorans gen. nov. sp. nov. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 65:251-259.
Heider, J. and Rabus. 2008. Genomic Insights in the Anaerobic Biodegradation of
Organic pollutants. Microbial biodegradation: Genomics and molecular biology.
Caister Academic press .ISBN 978-1-904455-17-2.
Helaleh Murad, I. H., Tanaka, K., Fujii, S. I. and Korenaga. T. 2001. GC/MS
determination of phenolic compounds in soil samples using Soxhlet extraction and
derivatization techniques. Analyt. Sci. 17:1225-1227.
Herrera, Y., Okoh Anthony, I., Alvarez, L., Robledo, N. and Trejo-Hernandez, M.R.
2008. Biodegradation of 2, 4-dichlorophenol by a Bacillus consortium. World J
Microbiol Biotechnol. 24:55–60.
Hill, G. T, Mitkowski, N. A., Wolfe, L. A., Emele, L. R., Jurkonie, D. D., Ficke, A.,
Ramirez, S. M., Lynch, S. T. and Nelson, E. B. 2000. Methods for assessing the
composition and diversity of soil microbial communities. Appl. Soil. Ecol. 15:25–
36.
Hirayama, T. and Kato, I. 1982. Novel rhamnolipids from Pseudomonas
aeruginosa. FEBS Lett. 139:81–85.
Hisatsuka, K., Nakahara, T., Sano, N. and Yamada, K. 1971. Formation of
rhamnolipid by Pseudomonas aeruginosa and its function in hydrocarbon
fermentation. Agric. Biol. Chem., 35:686-692.
Hitzl, W., Hendrich, M., Kessel, M. and Insam, H. 1997. Application of multivariate
analysis of variance and related techniques in soil studies with substrate utilization
tests. J. Microbiol. Methods. 30:81–89.
Hollender, J., Althoff, K., Mundt, M., and Dott, W. 2003. Assessing the microbial
activity of soil samples, its nutrient limitation and toxic effects on contaminants
using a simple respiration test. Chemosphere. 53:269–275.
121
Holliger, C., Schraa, G., Stams, A. J. M. and Zehnder, A. J. B. 1992. Enrichment
and properties of an anaerobic mixed culture reductively dechlorinating 1, 2, 3-
trichlorobenzene to 1, 3-dichlorobenzene. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 58:1636–1644.
Holman, H. Y. N., Tsang, Y. W. and Holman, H. R. 1999. Mineralization of
sparingly water-soluble PAHs in water table fluctuation zone. Environ. Sci. Technol.
33:1819-1824.
Holt, J. G., Krieg, N. R., Sheath, P. H., Staley, J. T. and Williams, S. T. 1994.
Bergey’s Manual of Determinative Bacteriology, 9th edn. Lippin Cott Williams and
Wilkins, USA.
Homes, B., Costas, M., Ganner, M. On., S. L. W. and Stevens, M. 1994. Evaluation
of the biolog system for identification of gram- negative bacteria of clinical
importance. J. Clin. Microbiol. 32:1970 -1975.
Hommel, R. K., Stuwer, O., Stubrerd, W. and Kleber, H. P. 1987. Production of
water soluble surface active exolipids by Torulopsis apicola. Appl. Microbiol.
Biotechnol. 26:199–205.
Horowitz, S. and Griffin, W. M. 1991. Structural analysis of Bacillus licheniformis
86 surfactant. J. Ind. Microbiol. 7:45-52.
Hua, Z., Chen, J., Lun, S. and Wang, X. 2003. Influence of Biosurfactants Produced
by Candida antarctica on surface properties of microorganism and Biodegradation
of n-alkanes. Water Research. 37:4143-4150.
Huesemann, M. H. 1995. Predictive model for estimating the extent of petroleum
hydrocarbon biodegradation in contaminated soils. Environ Sci Technol., 29:7–18.
Husaini, A., Roslan, H. A., Hii, K. S. Y. and Ang, C. H. 2008. Biodegradation of
aliphatic hydrocarbon by indigenous fungi isolated from used motor oil
contaminated sites. World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology. 24:2789–
2797.
Hyotylainen, T. and Oikari, A. 1999. The toxicity and concentrations of PAHs in
creosote contaminated lake sediment. Chemosphere. 38:1135–1144.
122
Ibe, N. S. and Ibe, E. G. 1986. Control and dispersion potential of oil spills by
microbial seeding. In: The Petroleum Industry and the Nigerian. Environment.
Proceeding of an International Seminar NNPC .Nov. 19.
Ijah, U. J. and Antai, S. P. 2003b. Removal of Nigerian light crude oil in soil over a
12 month period. Int. Biodet. Biodeg. 51:93–99.
Ijah, U. J. J. 1998. Studies on relative capabilities of bacterial and yeast isolates
from tropical soil in degrading crude oil. Waste Management. 18:293–299.
Ijah, U. J. J. and Akpera, M. 2002. Effect of salinity of crude oil utilization by
marine yeast isolates. J. Pure. Appl. Sci. 3:216–222.
Ijah, U. J. J. and Antai, S. P. 1988. Degradation and Mineralization of crude oil by
bacteria. Niger. J. Biotechnol. 5:79-86.
Ijah, U. J. J. and Antai, S. P. 2003a. The potential use of chicken-drop
microorganisms for oil spill remediation. The Environmentalist. 23:89–95.
Ijah, U. J. J. and Okang, C. N. 1993. Petroleum degrading capabilities of bacteria
isolated from soil. W.A.J. Biol. Appl. Chem. 38(1-4):9-15.
Ilori, M. O. N. and Amund, D. I. 2001. Production of a peptide glycolipid
bioemulsifier by Pseudomonas aeruginosa grown on hydrocarbon. Z. Naturforsch.,
56:547-552.
International Tanker Owners Pollution Federation Limited (ITOPF) 2006. Disposal
of oil and debris in: response strategies http://www.itbpfcom/indexhtml.
Itoh, S. and Suzuki, T. 1972. Effect of rhamnolipids on growth of Pseudomonas
aeruginosa mutant deficient in n-paraffin-utilizing ability. Agric. Biol. Chem.,
36:2233-2235.
Itoh, S., Honda, H., Tomita, F. and Suzuki, T. 1971. Rhamnolipid produced by
Pseudomonas aeruginosa grown on n-paraffin. J. Antibiot., 24:855-859.
Iwamoto, T. and Nasu, M. 2001. Current bioremediation practice and perspective. J.
Biosci. Bioeng., 92:1–8.
123
Jackson, A. R. W, Jackson, J. M. 2000. Environmental Science. In: The natural
environment and human impact. 2nd Ed. Prentice Hall, New Jersey. p. 405.
Jain, D. K., Collins-Thomson, D. L., Lee, H. and Trevors, J. T. 1991. A drop-
collapsing test for screening surfactant-producing microorganisms. J. Microbiol.
Methods. 13:271-279.
Jane-Yii Wu, Kuei-Ling Yeh, Wei-Bin Lu, Chung-Liang Lin and Jo-Shu Chang.
2008. Rhamnolipid production with indigenous Pseudomonas aeruginosa EM1
isolated from oil-contaminated site. Bioresource Technology. 99:1157–1164.
Janssen, P. H., Yates, P. S., Grinton, B. E., Taylor, P. M. and Sait, M. 2002.
Improved culturability of soil bacteria and isolation in pure culture of novel
members of the divisions Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria and
Verrucomicrobia. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 68:2391-2396.
Jarvis, F. G. and Johnson, M. J. 1949. A glycolipid produced by Pseudomonas
aeruginosa. Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society. 71:4124-4126.
Jenneman, G. E., McInerney, M. J., Knapp, R. M., Clark, J. B., Ferro, J. M., Revus,
D. E. and Menzie, D. E. 1983. A halotolerant, biosurfactant-producing Bacillus
species potentially useful for enhanced oil recovery. Dev. Ind. Microbiol., 24:485-
492.
Jenny, K., Kaeppeli, O. and Fiechter, A. 1991. Biosurfactants from Bacillus
licheniformis: structural analysis and characterization. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol.
36:5-13.
Johnsen, A. R., Wick, L. Y. and Harms, H. 2005. Principles of microbial PAH
degradation in soil. Environ Pollut. 133:71-84. doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2004.04.015.
Johnson, T. R. and Case, C. L. 1995. Laboratory experiments in microbiology.
4thedt. The benjamine cummings publishing company Inc.USA.
Joo, H. S., Phae, C. G. and Ryu, J. Y. 2001. Comparison and analysis on
characteristics for recycling of multifarious food waste. J KOWREC. 9:117–124.
124
Joo, H. S., Shoda, M. and Phae, C. G. 2007. Degradation of diesel oil in soil using a
food waste composting process. Biodegradation. 18:597–605.
Juhasz, A. L. and Naidu. R. 2000. Bioremediation of high molecular weight
polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons: a review of microbial degradaion of
benzopyrene. Int. Biodet. Biodeg. 45:57-88.
Juhasz, A. L., Stanley, G. A. and Britz, M. L. 2000. Microbial degradation and
detoxification of high molecular weight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by
Stenotrophomonas maltophilia strain VUN 10,003. Lett .Appl . Microbiol
30:396-401.
Kakinuma, A.K. and Tamura, G.1968. Surfactin, a crystalline peptide lipid
surfactant produced by Bacillus subtilis: Isolation, characterization and its inhibition
of fibrin clot formation. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commum., 31:488–494.
Kalyuzhnyi, S.V. 2000. Vestnik Moskovskogo Universitets. Khimiya. 41(6):15.
Kanaly, R. A. and Harayama, S. 2000. Biodegradation of high molecular weight
PAH by bacteria. J. Bacteriol. 182:2059-2067.
Kannan, N. 2002. Laboratory manual in general microbiology. Panima publishing
corporation.New Delhi.
Kappelli, O. and Finnerty. W. R. 1979. Partition of Alkane by an Extracellular
Vesicle Derived from Hexadecane-grown Acinetobacter. Journal Bacteriology.
140:707-712.
Karanth, N. G. K., Deo, P. G. and Veenanadig, N. K. 1999. Microbial production of
biosurfactants and their importance. Current Science. 77:116–123.
Karsa, D. R., Bailey, R. M., Shelmerdine, B. and Mc Cann in, S. A. 1999. Industrial
applications of surfactants. Royal Society of Chemistry. 1-22(4).
Kaska, D. D., Polne-Fuller, M. and Gibor, A. 1991. Biotransformation of alkanes
and haloalkanes by a marine amoeba. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 34:814–817.
125
Kastner, M. and Maho, B. 1996. Microbial degradation of polycyclic aromatic
hydrocarbons in soil affected by the organic matrix of compost. Appl. Microbiol.
Biotechnol., 44:668–675.
Keith, L. H. and Telliard, W. A. 1979. Priority pollutants 1 – a perspective view.
Environ. Sci. Technol,. 13:416–423.
Kerr, R. P. and Capone, D. G. 1988. The effect of salinity on the microbial
mineralization of two polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in estuarine sediments.
Mar. Environ. Res. 26:181–198.
Kim, S.J., Choi, D.H., Sim, D.S. and Oh, Y.S. 2005. Evaluation of bioremediation
effectiveness on crude oil-contaminated sand. Chemosphere. 59:845-852
Kirby, W. M. M., Bauer, A. W., Sherris, T. C. and Truckkk, M. Antibiotic
susceptibility testing by a standard single disc method. Am .J. cli.Pathol.45:493-496.
Kisand, V. and Wilkner, J. 2003. Combining culture dependent and independent
methodologies for estimation of richness of estuarine bacterioplankton consuming
reverine dissolved organic matter. Appl.Environ. Microbio. 69:3607-3616.
Kiyohara, H., Nagao, K. Kouno, K. and Yano, K. 1982. Phenanthrene-degrading
phenotype of Alcaligenes faecalis AFK2. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 43:458-461.
Klappenbach, J. A, Dundar, J. M. and Schmidt, T. M. 2000. rRNA operons copy
number reflects the ecological strategies of bacteria. Appl. Environ. Microbiol.
66:1328–1333.
Klappenbach, J. A., Saxman, P. R., Cole, J. R. and Schmidt, T. M. 2001. rrndb: the
ribosomal RNA operon copy number database. Nucleic Acids Res. 29:181–184.
Klich, M. A., Arthur, K. S., Lax, A. R. and Bland, J. M. 1994. Iturin A: a potential
new fungicide for stored grains. Mycopathologia. 127(2):123-127.
Kniemeyer, O., Fischer, T., Wilkes, H., Glockner, F. O. and Widdel, F. 2003.
Anaerobic degradation of ethylbenzene by a new type of marine sulphate-reducing
bacterium. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 69:760–768.
126
Kodama, Y. and Watanabe, K. 2003. Isolation and characterization of a sulphur-
oxidizing chemolithotroph growing on crude oil under anaerobic conditions. Appl.
Environ. Microbiol. 69:107–112.
Koma, D., Sakashita, Y., Kubota, K., Fujii, Y., Hasumi, F., Chung, S. Y. and Kubo,
M., 2003. Degradation of car engine base oil by Rhodococcus sp. NDKK48 and
Gordonia sp. NDKY76A. Biosci. Biotech. Biochem., 67:1590-1593.
Komukai-Nakamura, S., Sugiura, K., Yamauchi-Inomata, Y., Toki, H.,
Venkateswaran, K., Yamamoto, S., Tanaka, H. and Harayama, S. 1996.
Construction of bacterial consortia that degrade Arabian light crude oil. J Ferment
Bioeng. 82:570–574.
Konopka, A., Oliver, L. and Turco, Jr. R. F. 1998. The use of carbon substrate
utilisation patterns in environmental and ecological microbiology. Microb. Ecol.
35:103–115.
Korda, A., Santas, P., Tenente, A. and Santas, R. 1997. Petroleum hydrocarbon
bioremediation: sampling and analytical techniques, in situ treatments and
commercial microorganisms currently used. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol., 48:677–
686.
Kozdroj, J. and Elsas van, J. D. 2001. Structural diversity of microbial communities
in arable soils of a heavily industrialised area determined by PCR DGGE
fingerprinting and FAME profiling. Appl. Soil Ecol. 17: 31–42.
Kubota, K., Daisuke Koma, Yoshiki Matsumiya, Seon-Yong Chung and Motoki
Kubo. 2008. Phylogenetic analysis of long-chain hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria
and evaluation of their hydrocarbon-degradation by the 2, 6-DCPIP assay.
Biodegradation. 19:749–757. DOI 10.1007/s10532-008-9179-1.
Kulwadee, T., Vithaya, M., Prayad, P. and Attawut, I. 2001. Isolation and
characterisation of crude oil degrading bacteria in Thailand. International
Conference on New Horizons in Biotechnology. April 18-21, Trivandruim, India.
127
Kyung-Hwa, B., Byung-Dae, Y., Hee-Mock, O., Hee-Sik, K. and In-Sook, L. 2006.
Biodegradation of aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons by Nocardia sp. H17-1.
Geomicrobiology Journal. 23(5):253–259.
Lageman, R., Clarke, R. and Pool, W. 2005. Electro-reclamation, a versatile soil
remediation solution. Eng Geol. 77:191–201.
Lal, B. and Khanna, S. 1996. Degradation of crude oil by Acinetobacter
calcoaceticus and Alcaligenes odorans. J Appl Bacteriol. 81:355–362.
Lang, S. and Wagner, F. 1987. Structure and properties of biosurfactants. In N.
Kosaric, W. L. Cairns, and N. C. C. Gray, Biosurfactants and biotechnology. Marcel
Dekker, Inc., New York, N.Y. 26:21–47.
Langworthy, D. E., Stapleton, R. D., Sayler, G. S and Findlay, R. H. 1998.
Genotypic and phenotypic responses of a riverine microbial community to PAH
contamination. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 64:3422-3428.
Leahy, J. G. and Cowell, R. R. 1990. Microbial degradation of hydrocarbons in the
environment. Microbiol. Rev. 54:305–315.
Lee, M. L., Novotny, M. V. and Bartle, K. D. 1981. In Analytical chemistry of
polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Academic Press, Inc. New York, USA.
Lee, S. Y., Bollinger, D., Bezdicek, D. and Ogram, A. 1996. Estimation of the
abundance of an uncultured soil bacterial strain by a competitive quantitative PCR
method. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 62:3787–3793.
Lefebvre, X., Paul, E., Mauret, M., Baptiste, P. and Capdeville. B. 1998. Kinetic
characterization of saponified domestic lipid residues aerobic biodegradation.
Water Research. 32:3031-3038.
Lehman, R. M., Colwell, F. S., Ringelberg, D. B. and White, D. C. 1995. Combined
microbial community-level analysis for quality assurance of terrestrial subsurface. J.
Microbiol. Methods. 22:263–281.
128
Lei,W.,WANG Liang, L. I., Feng-ting and LIU Hua. 2007. Treatment of engine-oil
polluted wastewater with a mixed bacterial flora and kinetics of biodegradation . J.
Chongqing .Univ., 6(4):238-241.
Ligia, R., Rodrigues, Jose, A., Teixeira, Henny, C., Van der Mei and Rosario
Oliveira. 2006. Physicochemical and functional characterization of a biosurfactant
produced by Lactococcus lactis 53. Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces. 49:79–
86.
Lima, J. B., Ribeiro, E. J., Servulo, E. F. C., Resende, M. M. and Cardoso, V. L.
2009. Biosurfactant Production by Pseudomonas aeruginosa Grown in Residual
Soybean Oil. Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology. 152:156–168.
Lin, S. C, Milton, M. A, Sharma, M. M and Georgiou, G. 1994. Structural and
immunological characterization of biosurfactant produced by Bacillus licheniformis
JF-2. Appl.Environ. Microbiol. 60:31-38.
Liu, S. and Suflita, J. M. 1993. TIBTECH .11(8):344.
Livingston, R. J., and Islam. M. R. 1999. Laboratory Modeling, Field Study, and
Numerical Simulation of Bioremediation of Petroleum Contaminants. Energy
Sources. 21:113-129.
Lloyd, C. A. and Cackette, T. A. 2001. Diesel Engines: Environmental Impact and
Control. Air and Waste Management Association. 51:805–847.
Lotufo, G. R. 1997. Toxicity of sediment-associated PAHs to an estuarine copepod:
effects on survival, feeding, reproduction and behaviour. Mar. Environ. Res.,
44:149–166.
MacElwee, C. G., Lee, H. and Trevors, J. T. 1990. Production of extracellular
emulsifying agent by Pseudomonas aeruginosa UG- 1. J.Ind.Microbiol. 5:25-52.
MacNaughton, S. J., Stephen, J. R., Venosa, A. D., Davis, G. A., Chang, Y. J. and
White, D. C. 1999. Microbial population changes during bioremediation of an
experimental oil spill. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 65:3566–3574.
129
Madigan, M. T., Martinko, J., Parker, M. and Brock, J. 1998. Biologia de los
Microorganisms. 8:726.
Mafham, P., Bobby, L. and Randerson, P. F. 2002. Analysis of microbial
community functional diversity using sole carbon utilization profiles-A critique.
FEMS Microbiol. Ecol. 42:2334-2340.
Mahesh, N., Murugesh, S. and Mohana Srinivasan, V. 2006.Determination of
presence of Biosurfactant produced by the bacteria present in the soil samples.
Research Journal of Microbiology. 1(4):339-345.
Mahmoud Abouseoud, Aziza Yataghene, Abdeltif Amrane and Rachida Maachi.
2008. Biosurfactant production by free and alginate entrapped cells of Pseudomonas
fluorescens. Journal of Industrial Microbiology & Biotechnology. 35:1303–1308.
Maier, R. M. and Soberon-Chavez, G. 2000. Pseudomonas aeruginosa rhamnolipids:
biosynthesis and potential applications. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 54(5):625–633.
Majid, Z., Mnouchehr, V., and Sussan, K. A. 2008. Naphthalene metabolism in
Nocardia otitidiscaviarum strain TSH 1, a moderately thermophilic microorganism.
Chemosphere. 72:905–909.
Makka, R. S. and Cameotra, S. S. 1997. Biosurfactant production by a thermophilic
Bacillus subtilis strain. Journal of Industrial Microbiology & Biotechnology. 18:37–
42.
Mancera-Lopez, M. E., Rodriguez-Casasola, M. T., Ríos-Leal, E., Esparza-Garcia,
F., Chavez-Gomez, B., Rodriguez-Vazquez, R. and Barrera-Cortesa, J. 2007. Fungi
and Bacteria Isolated from Two Highly Polluted Soils for Hydrocarbon Degradation
.Acta Chim. Slov. 54:201–209.
Mandri, T., and Lin, J. 2007. Isolation and characterization of engine oil degrading
indigenous microorganisms in Kwazulu-Natal, South Africa. Afr.Jr. Biotechnol.
6(1):23–27.
130
Maneerat, S. and Phetrong, K. 2007. Isolation of biosurfactant-producing marine
bacteria and characteristics of selected biosurfactant .Songklanakarin J. Sci.
Technol. 29(3):781-791.
Manoj Kumar, Vladimir Leon, Angela De Sisto Materano Olaf A and Ilzins Luis
Luis. 2008. Biosurfactant production and hydrocarbon-degradation by halotolerant
and thermotolerant Pseudomonas sp. World Journal Microbiology Biotechnology.
24:1047–1057.
Margensin, R. and Schinner, F. 1997. Appl. Environ. Biotechnol. 63(7):2660.
Margesin, R. and Schinner, F. 2001. Biodegradation and bioremediation of
hydrocarbons in extreme environments. Appl .Microbiol .Biotechnol. 56:650-663.
Margesin, R., Hammerle, M., and Tscherko, D. 2007. Microbial activity and
community composition during bioremediation of diesel-oil-contaminated soil:
Effects of hydrocarbon concentration, fertilizers, and incubation time. Microbiol
Ecol., 53:259–269.
Margesin, R., Zimmerbauer, A. and Schinner, F. 2000. Monitoring of
bioremediation by soil biological activities. Chemosphere. 40:339–346.
Margesin, R., Zimmerbauer, A. and Schinner, F. 1997. Efficiency of indigenous and
inoculated cold-adapted soil microorganisms for biodegradation of diesel oil in
alpine soils. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 63:2660–2664.
Marin, M., Pedregosa, A. Rios, S. and Laborda, F. 1996. Study of factors
influencing the degradation of heating oil by Acinetobacter calcoaceticus MM5. Int
Biodeterior. Biodegradation. 38:67–75.doi:10.1016/S09648305(96)00027-3.
Mark, S. R. 1990. The biodegradation of aromatic hydrocarbons by bacteria.
Biodegradation. 1:191-206.
Marquez-Rocha, F. J., Hernandez-Rodriguez, V. and Lamela, M. A. T. 2001.
Biodegradation of Diesel oil in soil by a microbial consortium. Water, Air, Soil
Pollut. 128:313–320.
131
Matsuyama, T. and Nakagawa, Y. 1996. Surface-active exolipids: analysis of
absolute chemical structures and biological functions. Journal of Microbiological
Methods. Volume 25, Issue 2:Pages165-175. Doi:10.1016/0167-7012(95)00109-3.
Matsuyama, T., Fujita, M. and Yano, I. 1985. Wetting agent producing by Serratia
marcescens. FEMS Micmbiol Lett, 28:125-129.
Matsuyama, T., K. Kaneda, and Yano, I. 1986. Two kinds of bacterial wetting
agents: aminolipid and glycolipid. Proc. Jpn. Soc. Mass Spectrom. 11:125-128.
Matsuyama, T., Kaneda, K., Ishizuka, I., Toida, T. and Yano, I. 1990. Surface-active
novel glycolipid and linked 3-hydroxy fatty acids produced by Serratia rubidaea. J.
Bacteriol. 172:3015-3022.
Matsuyama, T., Kaneda, K., Nakagawa, Y., Isa, K., Hara-Hotta, H. and Yano, I.
1992. A novel extracellular cyclic lipopeptide which promotes flagellum-
dependent and -independent spreading growth of Serrtia marcescens. J.
Bacteriol. 174:1769-1776.
Matsuyama, T., Murakami, T. Fujita, M. Fujita, S. and Yano, I. 1986. Extracellular
vesicle formation and bio-surfactant production by Serratia marcescens. J. Gen.
Microbiol. 132:865-875.
Matsuyama, T., Murakami, T., Fujita, M., Fujita, S. and Yano, I. 1986. Extracellular
vesicle formation and bio-surfactant production by Serratia marcescens. J .Gen
.Micmbiol. 132:865-875.
Matsuyama, T., Sogawa, M. and Nakagawa, Y. 1989. Fractal spreading growth of
Serratia marcescens which produces surface active exolipids. FEMS Microbiol.
Lett. 61:243-246.
Matsuyama, T., Sogawa, M. and Yano, I. 1987. Direct colony thin-layer
chromatography and rapid characterization of Serratia marcescens mutants
defective in production of wetting agents. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 53:1186-1188.
132
Matsuyama,T., Archna Bhasin, and Rasika M. Harshey. 1995. Mutational Analysis
of Flagellum-Independent Surface Spreading of Serratia marcescens 274 on a Low-
Agar Medium. Journal of Bacteriology. Vol. 177, No. 4 p. 987–991.
Meylheuc, T., Heary, J.M. and Bellon-Fontaine, M.N. 2001. Les biosurfactants, des
biomolécules à forte potentialité d’application, Science des Aliments. 21:591-649.
Mishra, S. J., Jyot, R. C. and Kuhad, B. L. 2001. Evaluation of inoculum addition to
stimulate in situ Bioremediation of oily–sludge-contaminated soil. Applied
Environmental Microbiology. 67(4):1675–1681.
Moles, A. 1998. Sensitivity of ten aquatic species to long-term crude oil exposure.
Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 61:102–107.
Morris, C. E., Bardin, M., Berge, O., Frey-Klett, P., Fromin, N., Girardin, H.,
Guinebretiere, M. H., Lebaron, P., Thiery, J. M. and Troussellier, M. 2002.
Microbial biodiversity: approaches to experimental design and hypothesis testing in
primary scientific literature from 1975 to 1999. Microbiol Mol Biol Rev. 66:592-
616.
Mukherjee, S., Das, P. and Sen, R. 2006. A Review of Towards Commercial
Production of Microbial Surfactants, Trends in Biotechnology. 24(11):509-515.
Muller, J. G., Cerniglia, C. E. and Pritchard, P. H. 1996. Bioremediation of
environments contaminated by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. In, Crawford R L,
Crawford D L. (ed.) Bioremediation: principles and applications. Cambridge
University Press, U. K. 125-194.
Muthusamy, K., Gopalakrishnan, S., Ravi, T. K and Sivachidambaram. 2008.
Biosurfactants: Properties, commercial production and application. Current Science.
94 (6):736–747.
Nahar, N., and Quilty. B. 1999. Culture conditions for the growth of Pseudomonas
and Aeromonas spp. On toluene. J. Scien and Indu. Res. 58:586-590.
133
Nakasaki, K., Yaguchi, H., Sasaki, Y. and Kubota, H. 1992. Effect of C/N ratio on
thermophilic composting of garbage. Journal of Fermentation and
Bioengineering.73:43–45.
Ni Chadhain, S. M., Norman, R. S., Pesce, K. V., Kukor, J. J. and Zylstra, G. J.
2006. Microbial dioxygenase gene population shifts during polycyclic aromatic
hydrocarbon biodegradation. Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 72:4078-4087.
Nkwelang, G., Henri F L Kamga, George E Nkeng and Antai, S. P. 2008. Studies on
the diversity, abundance and succession of hydrocarbon utilizing micro organisms in
tropical soil polluted with oily sludge. African Journal of Biotechnology. 7 (8):1075-
1080.
Noh, S. M., Choj, J. M., An, Y. J., Park, S.S. and Cho, K. S. 2003. Anaerobic
Biodegradation of toluene coupled to sulfate reduction in gasoline contaminated
soils. J. Environ. Sci. Healt. 38:1087-1097.
Norris, R.D. 1994. Handbook of bioremediation. CRC Press, Boca Ration.
Noudeh, G. D., Moshafi, M. H., Payam Kazaeli and Farideh Akef. 2010. Studies on
bioemulsifier production by Bacillus licheniformis PTCC 1595. African Journal of
Biotechnology. 9(3):352-356, 18.
Nwaogu, L. A., Onyeze, G. O. C. and Nwabueze, R. N.2008. Degradation of diesel
oil in a polluted soil using Bacillus subtilis. African Journal of Biotechnology . 7
(12):1939-1943.
Nweke, C. O., Okpowasilli, G. C. 2003. Drilling fluid base oil biodegradation
potential of a soil Staphylococcus species. Afr J Biotechnol. 2:293–295.
Nyman, J. A. 1999. Effect of crude oil and chemical additives on metabolic activity
of mixed microbial populations in fresh marsh soils. Microbial Ecol. 37:152–162.
Obayori, S. O., Matthew, O., Ilori Sunday, A., Adebusoye Ganiyu, O., Oyetibo
Ayodele, E., Omotayo and Olukayode, O. and Amund. 2009. Degradation of
hydrocarbons and biosurfactant production by Pseudomonas sp. strain LP1. World
Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology. 25:1615–1623.
134
Obire, O. 1988. Studies on the biodegradation potential of some microorganisms
isolated from water systems of two petroleum producing areas in Nigeria. Niger. J.
Microbiol. 1:81-90.
Obire, O. and Nwaubeta, O. 2001. Bio-degradation of refined petroleum
hydrocarbon in soil. JASEM .5:43–46.
Oboirien, B. O., Amigun, B., Ojumu, T. V., Ogunkunle, O. A., Adetunji, O. A.,
Betiku, E and Solomon, B. O. 2005. Substrate inhibition kinetics of phenol
degradation by Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Pseudomonas fluorescens.
Biotechnology. 4:56–61.
Ogram, A., Sun, W., Brockman, F. J. and Fredrickson, J. K. 1995. Isolation and
characterization of RNA from low-biomass deep-subsurface sediments. Appl.
Environ. Microbiol. 61:763–768.
Ohkouchi, N., Kawamura, K. and Kawahata, H. 1999. Distribution of three- seven
ring polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbon on the deep sea floor in the central pacific.
Environ. Sci. Technol. 40:2086-3090.
Ojumu, T. V., Bello, O. O., Sonibare, J. A. and Solomon, B. O. 2005. Evaluation of
microbial systems for bioremediation of petroleum refinery effluents in Nigeria. Afr
J Biotechnol. 4(1):31–35.
Okerentugba, P. O. and Ezeronye, O. U. 2003. Petroleum degrading potentials of
single and mixed microbial cultures isolated from rivers and refinery effluents in
Nigeria. Afr J Biotechnol. 2:293–295.
Okoh, A. L. 2003. Biodegradation of bonny light crude oil in soil microcosm by
some bacterial strains isolated from crude oil flow stations saver pits in Nigeria. Afr
J Biotechnol. 2:104–108.
Okoro, C. C. 2008. Biodegradation of hydrocarbons in untreated water using pure
fungal cultures. Afr Microbiol Research. 2:217.
135
Olivera, N. L., Commendatore, M. G., Delgado, O. and Esteves, J. L. 2003.
Microbial characterization and hydrocarbon biodegradation potential of natural bilge
waste microflora. J. Ind. Microbiol. Biotechnol., 30:542-548.
Pandey, G. and Jain, R. K. 2002. Bacterial chemotaxis towards environmental
pollutants: Role in bioremediation. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 68: 5789–5795.
Parra, J. L., Guinea, J., Manresa, A., Mercade, M. E., Robert, M., Comelles, F. and
Bosch, P. 1989. Chemical characterization and physicochemical behavior of
biosurfactants. JAOCS 66:141–145.
Patil, J. R. and Chopade, B. A. 2001. Studies on bioemulsifier production by
Acinetobacter strains isolated from healthy human skin. J Appl Microbiol. 91: 290–
298.
Peresutti, S.R., Alvarez, H.M. and Pucci, O.H. 2003.Dynamics of hydrocarbon
degrading bacteriocenosis of experimental oil pollution in Patagonian soil. Int
Biodeterior Biodeg. 52:21.
Perry, J. J. 1979. Microbial cooxidations involving hydrocarbons. Microbiol Rev
43:59–72.
Phillips, D. H. 1983. Fifty years of benzo(a)pyrene. Nature. 303:468-472.
Pieper, D. H., and Reineke. W. 2002. Engineering bacteria for bioremediation.
Curr. Opin. Biotechnol. 11:262-270.
Plohl, K., Leskovšek, H. and Bricelj. M. 2002. Biological Degradation of Motor Oil
in Water. Acta Chim. Slov. 49:279−289.
Poremba, K., Gunkel, W., Lang, S. and Wagner, F. 1991. Toxicity testing of
synthetic and biogenic surfactants on marine microorganisms. Environmental
Toxicology Water Quality. 6:157–163.
Pornsunthorntawee, O., Panya Wongpanit, Sumaeth Chavadej, Masahiko Abe and
Ratana Rujiravanit. 2008. Structural and physicochemical characterization of crude
136
biosurfactant produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa SP4 isolated from petroleum-
contaminated soil. Bioresource Technology. 99:1589–1595.
Pornsunthorntawee, O., Wong panit, P. and Rujiravanit, R. 2010. Rhamnolipid
biosurfactants: production and their potential in environmental biotechnology. Adv
Exp Med Biol. 672:211-21.
Prenafeta–Boldu, X. F., Kuhn, A., DMAM, L., Anke, H., Van Groenestijn, J. W.
and De Bont, J. A. M. 2001. Isolation and Characterization of fungi growing on
volatile aromatic hydrocarbons as their sole carbon and energy source. Mycological
Res. 4: 477–484.
Prieto, L. M., Michelon, M., J. Burkert, J. F. M., Kalil, S. J. and Burkert, C. A. V.
2008. The production of rhamnolipid by a Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain isolated
from a southern coastal zone in Brazil. Chemosphere. 71:1781–1785.
Pritchard, P. H., Mueller, I. J. G., Rogers, J. C., Kremer, F. V. and Glaser, J. A.
1992. Oil spill bioremediation: experiences, lessons and results from the Exxon
Valdez oil spill in Alaska. Biodegradation. 3:315–335.
Prommachan, O. 2002. Production and application of biosurfactant from Bacillus
MUV4. Master of Science Thesis in Biotechnology. Prince of Songkla University,
Songkhla, Thailand. 107.
Propst, T. L., Lochmiller, R. L., Qualis, C. W. and McBee, K. 1999. In situ
(mesocosm) assessment of immunotoxicity risks to small mammals inhabiting
petrochemical waste sites. Chemosphere. 38:1049–1067.
Pruthi, V. and Cameotra, S. S. 2003. Effect of Nutrients on Optimal Production of
Biosurfactants by Pseudomonas putida - A Gujarat Oil Field Isolate. Journal of
Surfactants and Detergents. 6(1):66–68.
Rahman, K. S. M., Banat, I.M., Thahira-Rahman, J., Thayumanavan, T., Lakshmana
perumalsamy, P. 2002a. Bioremediation of gasoline contaminated soil by a bacterial
consortium amended with poultry litter, coir pith and rhamnolipid biosurfactant.
Bioresource Technol. 81:25−32.
137
Rahman, K. S. M., Godfrey Pasirayi, Vincent Auger and Zulfiqur Ali. 2010.
Production of rhamnolipid biosurfactants by Pseudomonas aeruginosa DS10-129 in
a microfluidic bioreactor. Biotechnol. Appl. Biochem. 55.doi:10.1042/BA20090277
1
Rahman, K. S. M., Thahira-Rahman, J., McClean, S., Marchant, R., Banat, I.M.
2002b.Rhamnolipid biosurfactants production by strains of Pseudomonas
aeruginosa using low cost raw materials. Biotechnol Prog. 18:1277−1281.
Rambeloarisoa, E., Rontani, J. F., Giusti, G., Duvnjak, Z. and Ber tr, J. C. 1984.
Degradation of crude oil by a mixed population ofbacteria isolated from sea-surface
foams. MarineBiol., 83:69–81.
Rashedi, H., 1 Jamshidi, E., Mazaheri Assadi, M. and Bonakdarpour, B.2005.
Isolation and production of biosurfactant from Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated
from Iranian southern wells oil. Int. J. Environ. Sci. Tech. Vol. 2:No. 2:pp.121-127.
Raven R., Berg, L.R., Johnson, G. B. 1993. Environment. Saunders College
Publishing, Philadelphia. USA. 569.
Regenhardt, H. H., Heim, S., Fernandez, D. U., Strompl, C., Moore, E. R. B. and
Timmis, K. N. 2002. Pedigree and taxonomical credentials of Pseudomonas putida
strain KT 2440. Environ. Microbiol. 4:912–915.
Rehn, H. J. and Reiff. 1981. Mechanisms and Occurrence of microbial oxidation of
long chain alkanes. Adv. Biochem .Eng, 19:175-216.
Reisfeld, A., Rosenberg, E. and Gutnick. D. L. 1972. Microbial degradation of crude
oils: factors affecting the dispersion in seawater by mixed and pure cultures. Appl.
Microbiol. 24:363–368.
Rendell, N. B., Taylor, G. W., Somerville, M., Todd, H., Wilson, R. and Cole, J.
1990. Characterization of Pseudomonas rhamnolipids. Biochim Biophys Acta,
1045:189–193.
138
Rice, L. E and Hemmingsen, B. B.1997.Enumeration of hydrocabon degrading
bacteria. Bioreme protocols. 2:99.
Richard, J. Y. and Vogel, M. T. 1999. Characterization of a soil bacterial
consortium capable of degrading diesel fuel. Int. Biodet. Biodeg. 44:93-100.
Richars, C.A. 1954. Diagnosis and improvent of saline and alkali soils.USDA Agric.
Handbook. 60. Washington, D.C.
Riser-Roberts, E. 1992. Bioremediation of Petroleum Contaminated Sites. Boca
Raton (FL): CRC Press Inc.
Rismani, E., Fooladi, J. and Ebrahimi, G. H. Por. 2006. Biosurfactant Production
in Batch Culture by a Bacillus licheniformis Isolated from the Persian Gulf. Jr.
Biological science. 9(13): 2498-2502. DOI: 10.3923/pjbs.2006.2498.2502.
Ristau, E. and Wagner, F. 1983. Discussion Paper, Section 4.3, IUPAC Congress,
Kolin, FRG.
Robert, M., Mercadé, M. E., Bosch, M. P., Parra, J. L., Espuny, M. J., Manresa, A.
and Guinea, J. 1989. Effect of carbon source on biosurfactant production by
Pseudomonas aeruginosa 44T1. Biotechnol. Lett. 11:871–874.
Rohlf, F. J. 1992. NTSYS-pc. Numerical taxonomy and multivariate analysis system
version, 2.0. State University of New York. Stony Brook. NY
Ron, E. Z., Rosenberg, E. 2001. Natural roles of biosurfactants. Environ. Microbiol.
3 :229−236.
Rosenberg, E. and Ron, E. Z. 1997. Bioemulsans :microbial polymeric emulsifier.
Curr Opin Biotechnol., 8: 313-316. DOI:10.1016/S0958-1669(97)80009-2.
Rosenberg, E. and Ron, E. Z. 1999. High- and Low-molecular-mass Microbial
Surfactants. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 52:154-162.
Rosenberg, E., Ron, E. Z.: High and low molecular mass microbial surfactants.
Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 52(1999):154−162.
139
Rosenberg, E., Zuckerberg, A., Rubinovitz, C. and Gutnick, D. L. 1979. Emulsifier
Arthrobacter RAG-1: Isolation and Emulsifying Porperties. Applied Environmental
Microbiology. 37:402-408.
Ruma, R., Ray, R., Chowdhury, R. and Bhattacharya, P. 2007. Degradation of
polyaromatic hydrocarbons by mixed culture isolated from oil contaminated soil—A
bioprocess engineering study. Indian Journal of Biotechnology. 6:107-113.
Rusansky, S., Avigad, R., Michaeli, S., Gutnick, D. L. 1987. Involvement of a
plasmid in growth on and dispersion of crude oil by Acinetobacter calcoaceticus
RA57. Appl Environ Microbiol. 53:1918–1923.
Sadouk, Z., Tazerouti, A., Hacene, H. 2009. Biodegradation of diesel oil and
production of fatty acid esters by a newly isolated Pseudomonas citronellolis KHA.
World J Microbiol Biotechnol. 25:65–70.
Sait, M., Hugenholtz, P. and Janssen, P. H. 2002. Cultivation of globally distributed
soil bacteria from phylogenetic lineages previously only detected in cultivation-
independent studies. Environ. Microbiol. 4:654-666.
Saitou, N. and Nei, M. 1987.The neighbor-joining method: A new method for
reconstructing phylogenetic trees. Molecular Biology and Evolution 4:406-425.
Salwa, M.S., Nur Asshifa, M. N., Amirul, A. A. and Ahmad R. M. Yahya. 2009.
Different Feeding Strategy for the Production of Biosurfactant from Pseudomonas
aeruginosa USM AR2 in Modified Bioreactor. Biotechnology and Bioprocess
Engineering. 14:763-768.
Samanta, S. K., Singh, O. V. and Jain, R. K. 2002. Polycyclic aromatic
hydrocarbons: environmental pollution and bioremediation.Trends Biotechnol
20:243-248.
Sang-Cheol Lee, Seung-Jin Lee, Sun-Hee Kim, In-Hye Park, Yong-Seok Lee, Soo-
Yeol Chung and Yong-Lark Choi. 2008. Characterization of new biosurfactant
produced by Klebsiella sp. Y6-1 isolated from waste soybean oil. Bioresource
Technology. 99:2288- 2292.
140
Sanket Joshi, Chirag Bharucha, Sujata Jha, Sanjay Yadav, Anuradha Nerurkar,
Anjana J. Desai. 2008. Biosurfactant production using molasses and whey under
thermophilic conditions. Bioresource Technology. 99:195–199.
Sanni, G. O. and Ajisebutu, S. O. 2003. Bio-degradation of escravos light crude oil
by some species of soil bacteria. Sci Focus 4:87–95.
Sanseverino, J., Applegate, B.M, King , J.H.M and Sayler ,G.S. 1993 .Plasmid-
mediated mineralization of naphthalene, phenanthrene, and anthracene. Appl.
Environ. Microbiol. 59: 1931-1937.
Satheeskumar, M., Muralitharan, G. and Thajuddin.N. 2009. Screening of
hypersaline cyanobacterium Phormidium teneu for the degradation of aromatic
hydrocarbons: Napthalene and Anthracene. Biotechnological letters. 3(12):1863-
1866. DOI:10.1007/S10529-009-0085-3.
Saval, S. 1998. Biotecnologia. 3:71.
Sawhney, S.K. and Sings, R. 2000. Introductory practical Biochemistry. Narosa
Publishing House. India. 1:6-17.
Sekar, K. V., Sarita Kumari, Nagasathya, A., Palanivel and Subramanyam Nambaru.
2010. Effective biosurfactants production by Pseudomonas aeruginosa and its
efficacy on different oils. J. Adv. Lab. Res. Biol., 1(1):40-44.
Semple, K. T., Dew, N. M., Doick, K. J., and Rhodes, A. H. 2006. Can
mineralization be used to estimate microbial availability of organic contaminants in
soil? Environmental Pollution. 140:164–172.
Setti, L., Lanzarini, G., Pifferi, P. G. and Spagna, G. 1993. Chemosphere. 26:1151-
1157.
Sharon, A.C., Harper, J.P. and Churchill, P.F.1999. Isolation and Characterization of
a Mycobacterium Species Capable of Degrading Three- and Four-Ring Aromatic
and Aliphatic Hydrocarbons. American Society for Microbiology.
141
Shojaosadati, S. A., Bagherzadeh-Namazi, A. and Hashemi-Najafabadi, S.2008.
Biodegradation of Used Engine Oil Using Mixed and Isolated Cultures. Int. J.
aEnviron. Res. 2(4):431-440.
Shrivasta, N. 1995. A rapid method for preparation of plasmid DNA. Ind.J.Ex.Biol.
33:387-391.
Shulga, A., Karpenko, E., Vildanova-Martsishin, R., Turovsky, A., Soltys, M.
1999.Biosurfactant enhanced remediation of oil-contaminated environments.
Adsorpt. Sci. Technol. 18:171−176.
Song, H. G. and Bartha, R.1990. Effects of jet fuel spills on the microbial
community of soil. Appl Environ Microbiol. 56:646.
Song, H. G., Wang, X. and Bartha, R. 1990. Bioremediation potential of terrestrial
fuel spills. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 56:652-656.
Sorkhoh, N. A., Al-Hasan, R. H., Khanafer, M. and Radwan, S. S. 1995.
Establishment of oil degrading bacteria associated with cyanobacteria in oil-polluted
soil. J. Appl. Bacterilol. 78:194-199.
Stapleton, R. D., Bright, N. G. and Sayler, G. S. 2000. Catabolic and genetic
diversity of degradative bacteria from fuel-contaminated aquifers. Microb. Ecol.
39:211–221.
Stoffels, M., Amann, R., Ludwig, W., Hekmat, D. and Schleifer, K. H. 1998.
Bacterial community dynamics during start-up of a trickle bed bioreactor degrading
aromatic compounds. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 64:930–939.
Sun, Y., Chen, Z., Xu S. and Cai, P. 2005. Stable carbon and hydrocarbon isotopic
fractionation of individual n-alkanes accompanying biodegradation: evidence from a
Group of progressively biodegraded oils. Organic Geochemistry. 36:225-238.
Sutherland, J. B., Rafii, F., Khan, A. and Cerniglia, C. E. 1995. Mechanisms of PAH
degradation. In Young L, Cerniglia C E. (ed.) Microbial transformation and
degradation of toxic chemicals. Willy-Liss, New York, USA. pp 269-306.
142
Suwansukho,P., Vatcharin Rukachisirikul, Furusako Kawai and Aran H-Kittikun.
Production and applications of biosurfactant from Bacillus subtilis MUV4.2008.
Songklanakarin J. Sci. Technol. 30(1):87-93.
Swannell, R. P. J., Lee, K. and McDonagh, M. 1996. Field evaluation of marine oil
spill bioremediation. Microbiol Rev., 60:342–365.
Syldatk, C., Lang, S., Matulovic, U. and Wagner, F. 1985. Production of Four
Interfacial Active Compounds from n-alkanes or Glycerol by Resting Cells of
Pseudomonas sp. DSM 2874. Z Naturforsch. 40:61-67.
Syoko, K. N., Keiji, S., Yukie, Y. I., Haruhisa, T., Kasthuri, V., Satoshi, Y., Hirki,
T. and Shikeaki, H. 1996. Construction of bacterial consortia that degrade Arabian
light crude oil. J. Ferment. Bioengin. 82:570–574.
Tabatabaee, A., Assadi, M. M., Noohi, A. A. and Sajadian, V. A. 2005. Isolation of
Biosurfactant Producing Bacteria from Oil Reservoirs, Iranian Journal of
Environment Health Science Engineering. 2(1):6-12.
Tahzibi, A., Fatemeh Kamal. and Mahnaz Mazaheri Assadi. 2004. Improved
Production of Rhamnolipids by a Pseudomonas aeruginosa mutant. Iranian
Biomedical Journal. 8(1):25-31.
Tamura, K., Dudley, J., Nei, M. and Kumar , S. 2007. MEGA4: Molecular
Evolutionary Genetics Analysis (MEGA) software version 4.0. Molecular Biology
and Evolution. 24:1596-1599.
Tayebe B. L., Mitra Shourian, Reza Roostaazad, Abdolhossein R.N, Mohammad
Reza Adelzadeh and Kambiz Akbari Noghabi. 2009. An efficient biosurfactant-
producing bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa MR01, isolated from oil excavation
areas in south of Iran. Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces. 69:183-193.
Thaniyavarn, J., Chongchin, A., Wanitsuksombut, N., Thaniyavarn, S.,
Pinphanichakarn, P., Leepipatpiboon, N., Morikawa, M. and Kanaya, S. 2006.
Biosurfactant production by Pseudomonas aeruginosa A41 using palm oil as carbon
source. The Journal of General and Applied Microbiology. 52:215-222.
143
Thaniyavarn, J., Roongasawang, N., Kameyama, T., Haruki, M., Imanaka, T.,
Morikawa, M. and Kanaya, S. 2003. Production and characterization of
Biosurfactants from Bacillus licheniforms F2.2, Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem,
67:1239-1244.
Thitima Sarachat, Orathai Pornsunthorntawee, Sumaeth Chavadej and Ratana
Rujiravanit. 2010. Purification and concentration of a rhamnolipid biosurfactant
produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa SP4 using foam fractionation. Bioresource
Technology. 101:324–330.
Toribio, J., Escalante, A. E. and Soberón-Chávez, G. 2010. Rhamnolipids:
Production in bacteria other than Pseudomonas aeruginosa. European Journal of
Lipid Science and Technology. 112:1082–1087. doi:10.1002/ejlt.200900256.
Trindade, P. V. O., Sobral, L. G., Rizzo, A. C. L., Leite, S. G. F. and Soriano, A.
U. 2005. Bioremediation of weathered and recently oil-contaminated soils from
Brazil: a comparison study. Chemosphere. 58:545-522.
Tulevaa, B. K., Ivanovb, G.R. and Christovaa. N. E. 2002. Biosurfactant Production
by a New Pseudomonas putida strain. Z. Naturforsch. 57:356-360.
Turkovskaya, O. V., Dmitrieva, T. V. and Yu. Muratova, A. 2001. A Biosurfactant
Producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa Strain. Applied Biochemistry and
Microbiology. 37(1):71-75.
Udeani, T. K. C., Obroh, A. A., Okwuosa, C. N., Achukwu , P. U. and Azubike, N.
2009. Isolation of bacteria from mechanic workshops’ soil environment
contaminated with used engine oil. Afr Jr Microbiol. 8(22):6301-6303.
USEPA. 1996. Recycling used oil: what can you do? Cooperation extension
services. ENRI 317:1–2.
Van Hamme, J. D., Odumeru, J. A. and Ward, O. P. 2000. Community dynamics of
a mixed-bacterial culture growing on petroleum hydrocarbons in batch culture. Can
J Microbiol. 46:441–450.
144
van Hamme, J. D., Singh, A. and Ward, O. P. 2003. Recent advances in petroleum
microbiology. Microbiol Mol Biol Rev. 67:503-549.
Venkateswaran, K., Hoaki, T., Kato, M. and Maruyama, T. 1995. Microbial
degradation of resins fractionated from Arabian light crude oil. Can. J. Microbiol.,
41:418-424.
Venosa, A. D., Suidan, M. T., Wrenn, B. A., Eberhardt, B. L. and King, D. 1775.
Bioremediation of an experimental spill on the Delware Bay. Environmental Science
and Technology.
Victoria Gesheva, Erko Stackebrandt, Evgenia Vasileva and Tonkova. 2010.
Biosurfactant Production by Halotolerant Rhodococcus fascians from Casey Station,
Wilkes Land, Antarctica. Current Microbiology. 61(2):1-6.
Vidali, M. 2001. Bioremediation. An overview. Pure Appl Chem., 73:1163–1172.
Wagner, F., Behrendt, V., Kretschmer, A., Lang, S. and Syldatk, C. 1983. In
Microbial Enhanced Oil Recovery. Penwell Publishers, Tulsa, Oklahoma. p.55.
Wagner, F., Kim, J-S., Li, Z-Y., Marwede, G., Matulovic, U., Ristau, E. and
Syldatk, C.1984. Abstract, in 3rd European Congress of Biotechnology. Verlag
Chemie, Weinheim. 1:3–8.
Walker, J. D., Colwell, R. R. and Petrakis, L. 1975. Microbial petroleum
degradation: application of computerized mass spectroscopy. Can. J. Microbiol.
21:1760–1767.
Walworth, J., Pond, A., Snape, I., Rayner, J., Ferguson, S., & Harvey, P. 2007.
Nitrogen requirements for maximizing petroleum bioremediation in a sub-Antarctic
soil. Cold Regions Science and Technology. 48:84–91.
Watanabe, K., Kodama, Y. and Harayama, S. 2001. Design and evaluation of PCR
primers to amplify bacterial 16S rDNA fragments used for community
fingerprinting. J. Microbiol. Meth. 44:253–262.
145
Watkinson, R. J. and Morgan, P. 1990. Physiology of aliphatic hydrocarbon-
degrading microorganisms. Biodegradation. 1:79-92.
Weiner, E. R. 2000. Application of Environmental Chemistry: A Practical Guide for
Environmental Professionals, Lewis Pub., Boca Raton, London, New York,
Washington, D.C.
Weissenfels, W. D, Berger, M. and Klein, J. 1990. Degradation of Fluorene and
fluoranthene by pure bacterial cultures. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 32:479-484.
Weissenfels, W. D., Beyer, M. and Klein, J. 1992. Adsorption of polycyclic
aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) by soil particles: influence on biodegradability and
biotoxicity. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 36:689–696.
Widada, J., Nojiri, H., Kasuga, K., Yoshida, T., Habe, H. and Omori, T. 2002.
Molecular detection and diversity of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon-degrading
bacteria isolated from geographically diverse sites. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 58:
202–209.
Wild, S. R. and Jones, K. C. 1993. Biological and abiotic losses of polycyclic
aromatic hydrocarbons from soils freshly amended with sewage sludge. Environ.
Toxicol. Chem. 24:5-12.
Winding, A. and Hendricksen, N. B. 1997. Biolog substrate utilization assay for
metabolic fingerprints of soil bacteria: incubation effects. In. Insam H, Rangger A.
(eds.) Microbial communities: Functional versus structural approaches. Springer,
Heidelberg. 195–205.
Woese, C. R. 1987. Bacterial evolution. Microbiol. Rev. 51:221–271.
Wongsa, P, M., Tanaka, A., Ueno, M., Hasanuzzaman, I., Yumoto, H. and
Okuyama. 2004. Isolation and Characterization of Novel Strains of Pseudomonas
aeruginosa and Serrratia marcescens Possessing High Efficiency to Degrade
Gasoline, Kerosene, Diesel Oil, and Lubricating Oil. Current. Microbiol. 49:415-
422.
146
Wubbolts, M. G, Reuvekamp, P. and Witholt, B. 1994. TOL plasmidspecified
xylene oxygenase is a wide substrate range monooxygenase capable of olefin
epoxidation. Enz Microbial Technol. 16(7):608–615.
Yen, K. M., Karl, M. R., Blatt, L. M., Simon. M. J., Winter, R. B., Fausset, P. R., Lu
H. S., Harcourt, A. A. and Chen, K. K. 1991. Cloning and characterization of a
Pseudomonas mendocina KR1 gene cluster encoding toluene-4-monooxygenase. J.
Bacteriol. 173:5315–5327.
Youssef, H. N., Kathleen, E. D. and Michael, J. M. 2005. Importance of 3-hydroxy
fatty acid composition of lipopeptides for biosurfactant activity. Applied
Environmental Microbiology, 71(12):7690-7695.
Zengler, K., Toledo, G., Rappé, M., Elkins, J., Mathur, E. J., Short, J. M. and Keller,
M. 2002. Cultivating the uncultured. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 99:15681-15686.
Zhou, J., Bruns, M. A. and Tiedje, J. M. 1996. DNA recovery from soils of diverse
composition. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 62:316-322.
Zhu, L., Zhang, M., 2008. Effect of rhamnolipids on the uptake of PAHs by
ryegrass. Environ. Pollut. 156:46-52.
Zobell, C. E. 1946. Action of microorganisms on hydrocarbons. Bacteriol.Rev.10:1-
49.