scale-up of the milena gasification process for …
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Scale-up of the MILENA biomass gasification process for the production of Bio-SNG
Berend Vreugdenhil
www.ecn.nl
ECN: Energy for the Future
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Largest Dutch R&D institute in the field of energy;independent and committed (ECN in IPCC)
“Missing link” between fundamental academic research and market application
Ambition: cutting edge R&D that influences the European transition to a sustainable energy system
R&D units
Solar energy Wind energyBiomass
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Solar energy Wind energy
Policy Studies
H2 & Clean Fossil Fuels
Efficiency & Infrastructure
Biomass
Why Bio-SNG?
• Natural gas is the main primary source of energy in the Netherlands and fossil natural gas reserves are in decline -> renewable alternative required.• Bio-SNG has many applications: Heat and
electricity production, feedstock for chemical
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•electricity production, feedstock for chemical industry and recently as a transport fuel.• Efficiency from biomass (wood) to fuel is
significantly higher for Bio-SNG than Bio-FT (70% compared to <50%).• Beyond CO2 neutral, including sequestration of
CO2 the process becomes CO2 negative
PRODUCING BIO-SNGtwo ways
technology: digestion gasification
status: commercially available in development
Bio-SNGBIOGAS
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status: commercially available in development
scale: small (<1 MW) large (>100 MW)
fuel: digestable biomass dry biomass (waste wood)
potential: limited (< 60 PJ in NL) large
ECN Bio-SNG production process
MILENA Gasifier
OLGA Tar removal
S and Cl removal Hydrocarbons
removal . CO 2 removal . Methanation
Tar recycle
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Biomass SNGCO 2
Calculated overall efficiencies to Bio-SNG
70.3
64.1
70.9
66.867.8
65
70
75E
ffici
ency
to S
NG
[%]
LHV (gross)HHV (gross)LHV (net)HHV (net)
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52.7
63.5
53.2
64.1
54.3
58.1
54.7
59.2
50
55
60
65
EF Torrefaction 30 bara CFB oxygen 10 bara Allothermal 1 bara
Effi
cien
cy to
SN
G [%
]
BEYOND CO2 NEUTRALBioSNG with CO2 storage
CO2 balance
CO
CO CO CO
CO2 70
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harvest, transport, drying, sizing
production of BioSNG
boiler, car, engine, chemistry, …
CO2 250
biomass BioSNG
CO2-storage growing (fotosynthesis)
CO2 30
CO2 50
CO2 100
100 CO2
wood, grass, ...
pure CO2
CO2 emission: 100 � -70170% CO2 emission reduction
Lab scale Bio-SNG installation
First integrated tests in 2006
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MILENA
gasification
OLGA
Gas cleaning
Methanation
Experimental lab-scale results (Nov 2008)
30
40
50C
once
ntra
tion
[%]
0.6
0.8
1.0SNG5 out
10
0
10
20
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200
SNG test duration [hours]
Con
cent
ratio
n [%
]
0.0
0.2
0.4CH4 CO2 H2 CO
Results from lab-scale testing
• Gasifier is running reliable, gas composition according expectations. • Different biomass fuels are tested. Wood is most
promising fuel, but other biomasses can be used
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promising fuel, but other biomasses can be used as well. • Gas cleaning is tested.• Suitable methanation catalysts are selected and
tested, with good results.• Process ready for long duration tests and scale-
up.
Construction of MILENA gasifier pilot plant
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MILENA pilot plant
• Thermal input 160 kg/h (800 kW HHV)• Design fuel dry wood• Gasifier / Riser diameter: 0.2 m•
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• Combustor diameter: 0.8 m• Total height: 8 m
First pilot scale results
30
35
40
45
Con
cent
ratio
n [v
ol%
dry
]
CH4Bed material = sand
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0
5
10
15
20
25
18:3
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18:4
1
18:4
3
18:4
5
18:4
7
18:4
9
18:5
1
18:5
3
18:5
5
18:5
7
18:5
9
19:0
1
Time [hr:min]
Con
cent
ratio
n [v
ol%
dry
]
CH4
CO
CO2
H2
Bed material = sand
Present Bio-SNG activities
• The lab-scale installation is modified to make automated tests possible.• Duration tests are prepared to test the selected
catalysts.
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catalysts. • Duration test MILENA pilot gasifier connected to
OLGA pilot plant at the beginning of 2009
Future plans of the HVC and ECN
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MORE INFORMATION
Berend Vreugdenhile: [email protected]: +31 224 56 4504 PO Box 1
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NL 1755 ZG Pettenthe Netherlands
Publications: www.ecn.nl/publicationsMILENA information: www.milenatechnology.comBio-SNG / Bio-CNG: www.biosng.com