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SBI PO Sample Paper Practice Set - Reasoning

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Reasoning/Mental AptitudeHow to Solve Questions Based on Number

Series Most of the number series can be solved by addition

and subtraction ( Multiplication and Division being the Supersets for these). In plain English that means you need to find what to add or subtract to find the next (or missing) number in the series.

We will understand the concept by solving a few questions and then you can attempt some on your own.

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Example 1:Find the next number in the series: 1, 3, 6, 10, 15,____

Answer:

Looking at the series we find that the series is an “ INCREASING” sequence.So we try to find what is being added. Here the series is1, 1+2, 1+2+3, 1+2+3+4Or Add 1,2,3,4 and so on to the last number.1+2=3, 3+3=6, 6+4=10, 10+5=15So the answer is 15+6=21

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Practice Question 1: 21, 25, 33, 49, 81 ___(a) 145 (b)129 (c)113 (d)97Ans (a)

Example 2:Find the next number in the series: 87, 80, 74, 69, 65,___Answer:

Looking at the series we find that the series is a “ DECREASING” sequence.So we try to find what is being subtracted. The series is87, 87-7=80, 80-6=74, 74-5=69, 69-4=65So the answer is 65-3=62

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Practice Question 2: 66, 36, 21,___(a) 13.5 (b)14.5 (c)13 (d)14Ans (a)

Example 3:Find the next number in the series: 40,15,30,25,20,35,___Answer:

Looking at the series we find that the series is a ”MIXED” sequence.By mixed series we mean that it is composed of two different series.i.e. 40,30,20,…(decreasing) and 15,25,35,…(increasing)The trick here is to know which series will give us the answer. We see that the missing number 20-10=10

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Practice Question 3: 7.5, 5, 15, 4, 30, 3,60, 2,___(a) 1 (b)75 (c)120 (d)135Ans (c)

Complete the Series

Series completion involves finding the next item, or the missing items in a given pattern. You have to identify a repeating pattern in the given series to get to the missing item.

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Complete the Series – Solved ExamplesI. Alphabet seriesa. Increasing by a definite numberQ no 1. I J K LAns M (each letter increases by 1)Q no 2. A G M S YAns E (each letter increases by 6 place to its right position)b. Decreasing by a definite numberQ no 3. Z X V T R PAns N (each letter decreases by 6 place to its right position)

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c. Increasing SuccessivelyQ no 4. D E G J N S ?Ans Y (+1, +2, +3, +4, +5…)

d. Decreasing successivelyQ no 5. Z Y W T PAns K (-1, -2, -3, -4, -5…)

e. Decreasing and Increasing by a constant value.Q no 6. D F E B D A C ZAns B (+2, -3, +2, -3,…)

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II. Alphanumeric SeriesQ no 1. Z1A, X2D, V6G, T21J, R88M, P445P,…. ?

Q no 2. 2Z5, 7Y7, 14X9, 23W11, 34V13,…. ?Ans. First numeral: 2, 7, 14, 23, 34 (+5, +7, +9, +11…)Second letter: ZYXWV (decreases by 1 each time)Third numeral: 5, 7, 9 ,11, 13(increase by 2 each time)So next term is 47U15

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