saxena project report on banks

8/4/2019 Saxena Project Report on Banks

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A

PROJECTREPORT

ON

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS BETWEEN SBI AND ICICI

BANKS

V/S

SUBMITTED TO: SUBMITTED BY:

DR.ANGRISH K AGARWAL ANIL SAXENA

CONTENT



1. Synopsis

2. Objective

3. Research methodology

4. Literature review

5. Company profile

6. Data presentation and analysis

7. Conclusion, limitation

8. Recommendation

9. Bibliography

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT



I am honoured to express my gratitude to all the people who were always a

great help to me in achieving the mile stone. I could have never completed this task

without valuable contributions from my teachers and faculty. I express my heart fullindebt ness and owe a deep sense of gratitude to all of them including my guide Dr.

Angrish K. Agarwal. I am extremely thankful to Mr. Anil Chand for his valuable

guidance throughout this project.

Above all I extent my sincere thanks to all my colleagues and friends without

whom it was never possible to complete this assignment

THANKS

SYNOPSIS

This project aims at the comparative analysis of public sector bank and private sector banks is a concept which is new and fast emerging in the world of banking where has



become the necessity in order for banks to survive in this competitive environment

like public banks.

Here for the research for public and private bank I take ‘State bank of India’ and

ICICI. Through this we can make a comparison which bank is most preferred for

people for depositing their money and taking loans.

Following the trade liberalization in 1991, the Indian economy embarked on a path or

rapid growth of aggregate output. In particular, it witnesses a high growth rate of

service sector output while that of industry was relatively muted. As a result, the share

of services in GDP has come to resemble that of a high income country while its per

capita income still remain that of a low income country. Further, we also observe a

sharp increase in the rate growth of service sector trade after liberalization. In the

research of data or information from 1970 to 1994. I find that it is high productive

growth, especially in the service sector, rather than growth of trade in services which

the primary factor is driving the high growth witnessed by the Indian service sector.

The strong contribution of ‘these’ service segments has helped India to maintain a

healthy growth rate as service sectors contributes 63 percent in GDP of India.

INDIAN BANKING SYSTEM

Banking in India originated in the last decades of the 18th century. The oldest bank

in existence in India is the State Bank of India, a government-owned bank that traces

its origins back to June 1806 and that is the largest commercial bank in the country.

Central banking is the responsibility of the Reserve Bank of India, which in 1935

formally took over these responsibilities from the then Imperial Bank of India,

relegating it to commercial banking functions. After India's independence in 1947, theReserve Bank was nationalized and given broader powers. In 1969 the government

nationalized the 14 largest commercial banks; the government nationalized the six

next largest in 1980. Currently, India has 96 scheduled commercial banks (SCBs) - 27

public sector banks (that is with the Government of India holding a stake), 31 private

banks (these do not have government stake; they may be publicly listed and traded on

stock exchanges) and 38 foreign banks. They have a combined network of over

53,000 branches and 17,000 ATMs. According to a report by ICRA Limited, a rating



agency, the public sector banks hold over 75 percent of total assets of the banking

industry, with the private and foreign banks holding 18.2% and 6.5% respectively

STATE BANK OF INDIA

State Bank of India (SBI) is the largest bank in India.

The bank traces its ancestry to British India, through the Imperial Bank of India, to the

founding in 1806 of the Bank of Calcutta, making it the oldest commercial bank in the

Indian Subcontinent. The Government of India nationalised the Imperial Bank of

India in 1955, with the Reserve Bank of India taking a 60% stake, and renamed it the

State Bank of India. In 2008, the Government took over the stake held by the Reserve

Bank of India.

SBI provides a range of banking products through its vast network in India and

overseas, including products aimed at NRIs. The State Bank Group, with over 16000

branches, has the largest branch network in India. With an asset base of $250 billion

and $195 billion in deposits, it is a regional banking behemoth. It has a market share

among Indian commercial banks of about 20% in deposits and advances, and SBI

accounts for almost one-fifth of the nation’s loans.

SBI has tried to reduce over-staffing by computerizing operations and Goldenhandshake schemes that led to a flight of its best and brightest managers. These

managers took the retirement allowances and then went on to become senior

managers in new private sector banks.

The State bank of India is the 29th most reputed company in the world according to

Forbes.

State Bank of India is one of the Big Four Banks of India with ICICI Bank, Axis Bank

HDFC Bank.

ICICI

ICICI Bank (BSE: ICICI) (formerly Industrial Credit and Investment Corporation of

India) is India's largest private sector bank by market capitalisation and second largest

overall in terms of assets. Total assets of Rs. 3,562.28 billion (US$ 77 billion) at



December 31, 2009 and profit after tax Rs. 30.19 billion (US$ 648.8 million) for the

nine months ended December 31, 2009. The Bank also has a network of 1,700+

branches (as on 31 March, 2010) and about 4,721 ATMs in India and presence in 18

countries, as well as some 24 million customers (at the end of July 2007). ICICI Bank

offers a wide range of banking products and financial services to corporate and retail

customers through a variety of delivery channels and specialised subsidiaries and

affiliates in the areas of investment banking, life and non-life insurance, venture

capital and asset management. (These data are dynamic.) ICICI Bank is also the

largest issuer of credit cards in India. ICICI Bank has got its equity shares listed on

the stock exchanges at Kolkata and Vadodara, Mumbai and the National Stock

Exchange of India Limited, and it’s ADRs on the New York Stock Exchange

(NYSE). The Bank is expanding in overseas markets and has the largest international

balance sheet among Indian banks. ICICI Bank now has wholly-owned subsidiaries,

branches and representatives offices in 18 countries, including an offshore unit in

Mumbai. This includes wholly owned subsidiaries in Canada, Russia and the UK (the

subsidiary through which the HiSAVE savings brand is operated), offshore banking

units in Bahrain and Singapore, an advisory branch in Dubai, branches in Belgium,

Hong Kong and Sri Lanka, and representative offices in Bangladesh, China, Malaysia,

Indonesia, South Africa, Thailand, the United Arab Emirates and USA. Overseas, the

Bank is targeting the NRI (Non-Resident Indian) population in particular.

My objective to make this report is make a comparison between public bank and

private bank for this secondary data can be used and from that analysis should be

made.

OBJECTIVE



To find out the personal banking scheme of

SBI and ICICI to find out the advantage of SBI

over ICICI and vice-versa.

To find out that which bank give loans at

better rates.

To compare the balance sheet and profit and

loss accounts of banks

To know the difference between SBI and ICICI.



RESEARCH

Research in common parlance refers to a search for knowledge. Once can also define

research as a scientific and systematic search for pertinent information on a specific

topic. In fact, research is an art of scientific investigation. The advanced learner’s

dictionary of current English lays down the meaning of research as “a careful

investigation or inquiry especially through search for new facts in any branch of

knowledge.” Redman and Mory define research as a “systematized effort to gain newknowledge.” Some people consider research as a movement, a movement from known

to unknown. It is actually a voyage of discovery. Research is an academic activity and

as such the terms should be used in a technical sense. According to Clifford Woody

research comprises defining and redefining problems, formulating hypothesis or

suggested solutions, collecting, organizing and evaluating data, making deductions

and reaching conclusions, and at last carefully testing the conclusions to determine

whether they fit the formulating hypothesis. D.Slesinger and M. Stephenson in theEncyclopaedia of Social Sciences define research as “the manipulation of things,

concepts or symbols for the purpose of generalizing to extend, correct or verify

knowledge, whether that knowledge aids in construction of theory or in the practice of

an art.” Research is, thus, an original contribution to the existing stock of knowledge

making for its advancement. It is the persuit of truth with the help of study,

observation, comparison and experiment.



TYPES OF RESEARCH

Applied Research seeks the specific knowledge necessary to improve the treatment of

a particular disease. Basic Biomedical Research is conducted to increase

understanding of fundamental life processes, such as discovering the molecular

structure of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) — one-half of the genetic code of life — or

investigating the genetics of lipid disease. The AHA funds this type of research.

Basic Research is a synonym for fundamental research, which is the study of life

processes that are universal in their application to scientific knowledge.

Clinical Research addresses important questions of normal function and disease using

human subjects.

Directed Research is conducted by an investigator in response to an outside request to

explore a specific scientific area or question. Corporate or foundation donations

tagged for research allow the AHA to sponsor such projects as the ASA-Bugher

Foundation Centres for Stroke Prevention Research and the AHA-Jon Holden

DeHaan Foundation Myogenesis Research Centres.

Fundamental Research studies life processes that are universal in their application to

scientific knowledge.

Investigator-Initiated Research investigates a question or hypothesis that the

researcher has defined. The AHA's publicly donated dollars are used to support this

type of research.

Outcomes Research focuses upon the end results of health care, the tangible and

quantifiable manifestations of disease upon patients and society and the determinants

of these outcomes.

Population Health Research is the science and art of studying the distribution anddeterminants of health status as influenced by social, economic and physical

environments, human biology, health policy and services and of preventing disease,

prolonging life and promoting health at the population levels.

Strategically Focused Research focuses on science areas that the Association has

determined are important to achieving its mission and strategic objectives.

Targeted Research is a synonym for directed research.

Translational Research takes a result from basic or fundamental science and studies itsapplicability in the clinical or human situation. Another type of translational research



addresses the adoption of prevention and treatment strategies that have been

demonstrated to be effective through clinical research in the care of patients and in

population-based prevention of conditions such as heart disease and stroke

RESEARCH PROCESS

Before embarking on the details of research methodology and techniques, it seems

appropriate to present a brief overview of the research process. Research process

consists of series of actions or steps necessary to effectively carry out research and the

desired sequencing of these steps.

A brief description of the steps of research process is as:-

1. Formulating the research problem:- There are two types of research problem,

viz, those which relate to states of nature and those which relate to relationships

between variables. At the outset of the researcher must single out the problem he

wants to study, i.e., he must decide the general area of interest or aspect of a subject-

matter that he would like to inquire into. Initially the problem may be stated in a broad

general way and then the ambiguities, if any, relating to the problem be resolved.

Then, the feasibility of a particular solution has to be considered before a working

formulation of the problem can be set up. The formulation of a general topic into a

specific research problem, thus, constitutes the first step in a specific enquiry.

Essentially two steps are involved in formulating the research problem, viz.,

understanding the problem thoroughly, and rephrasing the same into meaningful

terms from an analytical point of view.

2. Extensive literature survey:- Once the problem is formulated, a brief summary

of it is should be written down. It is compulsory for a research worker writing a thesisfor a Ph.D. degree to write a synopsis of the topic and submit it to the necessary

committee or the research board for approval. At this juncture the researcher should

undertake extensive literature survey connected with the problem. For this purpose,

the abstracting and indexing journals, conference proceeding, government reports,

books etc., must be tapped depending on the nature of the problem. In this process, it

should be remembered that one source will lead to another. The earlier studies, if any

which are similar to the study in hand should be carefully studied. A good library will be a great help to the researcher at this stage.



3. Development of working hypotheses:-After extensive literature survey,

researcher should state in clear terms the working hypothesis or hypotheses. Working

hypothesis is tentative assumption made in order to draw out and test its logical or

empirical consequences. As such the manner in which research hypotheses are

developed is particularly important since they provide the focal point for research.

They also affect the manner in which tests must be conducted in the analysis of data

and indirectly the quality of data which is required for the analysis. In most types of

research, the development of working hypothesis plays an important role. Hypothesis

should be very specific and limited to the piece of research in hand because it has to

be tested.

4. Preparing the research design:- The research having been formulated in clear cut

terms, the researcher will be required to prepare a research design, i.e., be will have to

state the conceptual structure within which research would be conducted. The

preparation of such a design facilitates research to be as efficient as possible yielding

maximal information. In other words the function of research design is to provide for

the collection of relevant evidence with minimal expenditure of effort, time and

money. But how all these can be achieved depends mainly on the research purpose.

5. Determining the sample design: - All the items under consideration in any field

of inquiry constitute a ‘universe’ or ‘population’. A complete enumeration of all the

items in the ‘population’ is known as a census enquiry. It can be presumed that in

such an enquiry when all the items are covered no element of chance is left and

highest accuracy is obtained. But in practice this may not be true. Not only

this, census enquiry is not possible in practice under many circumstances. For

example, blood testing is done only on sample basis. The researcher must decide theway of selecting a sample or what is popularly known as sample design.

6. Collection of data:- In dealing with any real life problem it is often found that

data at hand are inadequate, and hence, it becomes necessary to collect data that are

appropriate. There are several ways of collecting the appropriate data which differ

considerably in context of money costs, time and other resources at the disposal of

the researcher.Data can be collected by any one or more of the ways:-



• by observation .

• through personal interview.

• Through telephone interview.

• By mailing of questionnaires.

• Through schedules.

7. Execution of the project:-Execution of the project is a very important step in the

research process. If the execution of the project proceeds on correct lines, the data to

be collected would be adequate and dependable. The researcher should see that the

project is executed in a systematic manner and in time. If the survey is to be

conducted by means of structured questionnaires, data can be readily machine

processed. In such a situation, questions as well as the possible answers may be

coded. If the data are to be collected through interviewers, arrangements should be

made for proper selection and training of the interviewers.

8. Analysis of data:- After the data have been collected, the researcher turns to the

task of analyzing them. The analyzing of data require a number of closely related

operations such as establishment of categories, the application of these categories to

raw data through coding, tabulation and then drawing statistical inferences. The

unwieldy data should necessarily be condensed into a few manageable groups and

tables for further analysis. Thus, researcher should classify the raw into some

purposeful and usable categories.

9. Hypothesis testing :-After analyzing the data as stated above, the researcher is ina position to test the hypotheses, if any, he had formulated earlier. Do the facts

support the hypotheses or they happen to be contrary? This is the usual question

which should be answered while testing hypotheses. Various tests, such as Chi square

test, t-test, F-test, have been developed by statisticians for the purpose. The

hypotheses may be tested through the use of one or more of such tests, depending

upon the nature and object of research inquiry.

10. Generalization and interpretation:- If a hypothesis is tested and upheld several



times, it may be possible for the researcher to arrive at generalization, i.e., to build a

theory. As a matter of fact, the real value of research lies in its ability to arrive at

certain generalization. If the researcher had no hypothesis to start with, he might seek

to explain his findings on the basis of some theory. It is known as interpretation. The

process of interpretation may quite often trigger off new questions which in turn may

lead to further researches.

11. Preparation of the report or the thesis:- Finally, the researcher has to prepare the

report of what has been done by him. Writing of report must be done with great care

keeping in view the following:-

I. The layout of the report should be as follows:-firstly the preliminary pages than

the main text and at the end the end matter.

II. Report should be written in a concise and objective style in simple language

avoiding vague expressions such as it seems, there ‘may be’, and the like.

III. Charts and illustrations in the main report should be used only if they present the

information more clearly and forcibly.



LITERATURE REVIEW

A bank is a financial intermediary that accepts deposits and channels those deposits

into lending activities. Banks are a fundamental component of the financial system,

and are also active players in financial markets. The essential role of a bank is to

connect those who have capital (such as investors or depositors), with those who seek

capital (such as individuals wanting a loan, or businesses wanting to grow).

Banking is generally a highly regulated industry, and government restrictions on

financial activities by banks have varied over time and location. The current set of global standards is called Basel II. In some countries such as Germany, banks have

historically owned major stakes in industrial corporations while in other countries

such as the United States banks are prohibited from owning non-financial companies.

In Japan, banks are usually the nexus of a cross-share holding entity known as the

keiretsu. In France, banc assurance is prevalent, as most banks offer insurance

services (and now real estate services) to their clients. The most recent trend has been

the advance of universal banks, which attempt to offer their customers the fullspectrum of financial services under the one roof.

The oldest bank still in existence is Monte dei Paschi di Siena, headquartered in

Siena, Italy, which has been operating continuously since 1472.

Origin of the word

The name bank derives from the Italian word banco "desk/bench", used during the

Renaissance by Jewish Florentine bankers, who used to make their transactions above

a desk covered by a green tablecloth. However, there are traces of banking activity

even in times ancient , which indicates that the word 'bank' might not necessarily

come from the word 'banco'.

In fact, the word traces its origins back to the Ancient Roman Empire, where

moneylenders would set up their stalls in the middle of enclosed courtyards called

macella on a long bench called a bancu, from which the words banco and bank are



derived. As a moneychanger, the merchant at the bancu did not so much invest money

as merely convert the foreign currency into the only legal tender in Rome—that of the

Imperial Mint.

The earliest evidence of money-changing activity is depicted on a silver drachm coin

from ancient Hellenic colony Trapezus on the Black Sea, modern Trabzon, c. 350–

325 BC, presented in the British Museum in London. The coin shows a banker's table

(trapeza) laden with coins, a pun on the name of the city.

In fact, even today in Modern Greek the word Trapeza (Τράπεζα) means both a table

and a bank.

Definition

The definition of a bank varies from country to country.

Under English common law, a banker is defined as a person who carries on the

business of banking, which is specified as:

• conducting current accounts for his customers

• paying cheques drawn on him, and

• collecting cheques for his customers.

In most English common law jurisdictions there is a Bills of Exchange Act that

codifies the law in relation to negotiable instruments, including cheques, and this Act

contains a statutory definition of the term banker : banker includes a body of persons,

whether incorporated or not, who carry on the business of banking' (Section 2,

Interpretation). Although this definition seems circular, it is actually functional,

because it ensures that the legal basis for bank transactions such as cheques does not

depend on how the bank is organised or regulated.

The business of banking is in many English common law countries not defined by

statute but by common law, the definition above. In other English common law



jurisdictions there are statutory definitions of the business of banking or banking

business. When looking at these definitions it is important to keep in minds that they

are defining the business of banking for the purposes of the legislation, and not

necessarily in general. In particular, most of the definitions are from legislation that

has the purposes of entry regulating and supervising banks rather than regulating the

actual business of banking. However, in many cases the statutory definition closely

mirrors the common law one. Examples of statutory definitions:

• "banking business" means the business of receiving money on current or

deposit account, paying and collecting cheques drawn by or paid in by

customers, the making of advances to customers, and includes such other

business as the Authority may prescribe for the purposes of this Act; (Banking

Act (Singapore), Section 2, Interpretation).

• "banking business" means the business of either or both of the following:

1. receiving from the general public money on current, deposit, savings or other

similar account repayable on demand or within less than [3 months] ... or with

a period of call or notice of less than that period;

2. paying or collecting cheques drawn by or paid in by customers

Since the advent of EFTPOS (Electronic Funds Transfer at Point Of Sale), direct

credit, direct debit and internet banking, the cheque has lost its primacy in most

banking systems as a payment instrument. This has led legal theorists to suggest that

the cheque based definition should be broadened to include financial institutions that

conduct current accounts for customers and enable customers to pay and be paid by

third parties, even if they do not pay and collect cheques.

Banking

Standard activities

Banks act as payment agents by conducting checking or current accounts for

customers, paying cheques drawn by customers on the bank, and collecting cheques



deposited to customers' current accounts. Banks also enable customer payments via

other payment methods such as telegraphic transfer, EFTPOS, and ATM.

Banks borrow money by accepting funds deposited on current accounts, by accepting

term deposits, and by issuing debt securities such as banknotes and bonds. Banks lend

money by making advances to customers on current accounts, by making installment

loans, and by investing in marketable debt securities and other forms of money

lending.

Banks provide almost all payment services, and a bank account is considered

indispensable by most businesses, individuals and governments. Non-banks that

provide payment services such as remittance companies are not normally consideredan adequate substitute for having a bank account.

Banks borrow most funds from households and non-financial businesses, and lend

most funds to households and non-financial businesses, but non-bank lenders provide

a significant and in many cases adequate substitute for bank loans, and money market

funds, cash management trusts and other non-bank financial institutions in many cases

provide an adequate substitute to banks for lending savings.

Wider commercial role

The commercial role of banks is not limited to banking, and includes:

• issue of banknotes (promissory notes issued by a banker and payable to bearer

on demand)

• processing of payments by way of telegraphic transfer, EFTPOS, internet

banking or other means

• issuing bank drafts and bank cheques

• accepting money on term deposit

• lending money by way of overdraft, instalment loan or otherwise

• providing documentary and standby letters of credit (trade finance),

guarantees, performance bonds, securities underwriting commitments and

other forms of off-balance sheet exposures

• safekeeping of documents and other items in safe deposit boxes



• currency exchange

Acting as a 'financial supermarket' for the sale, distribution or brokerage, with or

without advice, of insurance, unit trusts and similar financial products

Channels

Banks offer many different channels to access their banking and other services:

• A branch, banking centre or financial centre is a retail location where a bank

or financial institution offers a wide array of face-to-face service to its

customers.

• ATM is a computerised telecommunications device that provides a financial

institution's customers a method of financial transactions in a public space

without the need for a human clerk or bank teller. Most banks now have moreATMs than branches, and ATMs are providing a wider range of services to a

wider range of users. For example in Hong Kong, most ATMs enable anyone

to deposit cash to any customer of the bank's account by feeding in the notes

and entering the account number to be credited. Also, most ATMs enable card

holders from other banks to get their account balance and withdraw cash, even

if the card is issued by a foreign bank.

•

Mail is part of the postal system which itself is a system wherein writtendocuments typically enclosed in envelopes, and also small packages

containing other matter, are delivered to destinations around the world. This

can be used to deposit cheques and to send orders to the bank to pay money to

third parties. Banks also normally use mail to deliver periodic account

statements to customers.

• Telephone banking is a service provided by a financial institution which

allows its customers to perform transactions over the telephone. This normally

includes bill payments for bills from major billers (e.g. for electricity).



• Online banking is a term used for performing transactions, payments etc. over

the Internet through a bank, credit union or building society's secure website.

• Mobile banking is a method of using one's mobile phone to conduct simple

banking transactions by remotely linking into a banking network.

• Video banking is a term used for performing banking transactions or

professional banking consultations via a remote video and audio connection.

Video banking can be performed via purpose built banking transaction

machines (similar to an Automated teller machine), or via a videoconference

enabled bank branch.

Products

Retail

• Savings account

• Cheque account

• Credit card

• Home loan

• Personal loan

• Business loan

• Insurance advisor

• Mutual fund

Wholesale

• Project finance

• Capital raising (Equity / Debt / Hybrids)

Economic functions

The economic functions of banks include:

1. issue of money, in the form of banknotes and current accounts subject to

cheque or payment at the customer's order. These claims on banks can act as

money because they are negotiable and/or repayable on demand, and hence



valued at par. They are effectively transferable by mere delivery, in the case of

banknotes, or by drawing a cheque that the payee may bank or cash.

2. netting and settlement of payments – banks act as both collection and paying

agents for customers, participating in interbank clearing and settlement

systems to collect, present, be presented with, and pay payment instruments.

This enables banks to economise on reserves held for settlement of payments,

since inward and outward payments offset each other. It also enables the

offsetting of payment flows between geographical areas, reducing the cost of

settlement between them.

3. Credit intermediation – banks borrow and lend back-to-back on their own

account as middle men.

4. Credit quality improvement – banks lend money to ordinary commercial and

personal borrowers (ordinary credit quality), but are high quality borrowers.

The improvement comes from diversification of the bank's assets and capital

which provides a buffer to absorb losses without defaulting on its obligations.

However, banknotes and deposits are generally unsecured; if the bank gets

into difficulty and pledges assets as security, to raise the funding it needs to

continue to operate, this puts the note holders and depositors in an

economically subordinated position.

5. Maturity transformation – banks borrow more on demand debt and short term

debt, but provide more long term loans. In other words, they borrow short and

lend long. With a stronger credit quality than most other borrowers, banks can

do this by aggregating issues (e.g. accepting deposits and issuing banknotes)

and redemptions (e.g. withdrawals and redemptions of banknotes),

maintaining reserves of cash, investing in marketable securities that can be

readily converted to cash if needed, and raising replacement funding as neededfrom various sources (e.g. wholesale cash markets and securities markets).



Banking in India

Banking in India originated in the last decades of the 18th century. The oldest bank in

existence in India is the State Bank of India, a government-owned bank that traces its

origins back to June 1806 and that is the largest commercial bank in the country.

Central banking is the responsibility of the Reserve Bank of India, which in 1935

formally took over these responsibilities from the then Imperial Bank of India,relegating it to commercial banking functions. After India's independence in 1947, the

Reserve Bank was nationalized and given broader powers. In 1969 the government

nationalized the 14 largest commercial banks; the government nationalized the six

next largest in 1980.

Currently, India has 96 scheduled commercial banks (SCBs) - 27 public sector banks

(that is with the Government of India holding a stake), 31 private banks (these do not

have government stake; they may be publicly listed and traded on stock exchanges)

and 38 foreign banks. They have a combined network of over 53,000 branches and

17,000 ATMs. According to a report by ICRA Limited, a rating agency, the public

sector banks hold over 75 percent of total assets of the banking industry, with the

private and foreign banks holding 18.2% and 6.5% respectively

Early history

Banking in India originated in the last decades of the 18th century. The first banks

were The General Bank of India which started in 1786, and the Bank of Hindustan,

both of which are now defunct. The oldest bank in existence in India is the State Bank

of India, which originated in the Bank of Calcutta in June 1806, which almost

immediately became the Bank of Bengal. This was one of the three presidency banks,

the other two being the Bank of Bombay and the Bank of Madras, all three of which

were established under charters from the British East India Company. For many years

the Presidency banks acted as quasi-central banks, as did their successors. The three



banks merged in 1921 to form the Imperial Bank of India, which, upon India's

independence, became the State Bank of India.

Indian merchants in Calcutta established the Union Bank in 1839, but it failed in 1848

as a consequence of the economic crisis of 1848-49. The Allahabad Bank, established

in 1865 and still functioning today, is the oldest Joint Stock bank in India. It was not

the first though. That honour belongs to the Bank of Upper India, which was

established in 1863, and which survived until 1913, when it failed, with some of its

assets and liabilities being transferred to the Alliance Bank of Simla.

When the American Civil War stopped the supply of cotton to Lancashire from the

Confederate States, promoters opened banks to finance trading in Indian cotton. Withlarge exposure to speculative ventures, most of the banks opened in India during that

period failed. The depositors lost money and lost interest in keeping deposits with

banks. Subsequently, banking in India remained the exclusive domain of Europeans

for next several decades until the beginning of the 20th century.

Foreign banks too started to arrive, particularly in Calcutta, in the 1860s. The

Comptoire d'Escompte de Paris opened a branch in Calcutta in 1860, and another in

Bombay in 1862; branches in Madras and Pondichery, then a French colony,

followed. HSBC established itself in Bengal in 1869. Calcutta was the most active

trading port in India, mainly due to the trade of the British Empire, and so became a

banking centre.

The Bank of Bengal, which later became the State Bank of India.

The first entirely Indian joint stock bank was the Oudh Commercial Bank, established

in 1881 in Faizabad. It failed in 1958. The next was the Punjab National Bank,

established in Lahore in 1895, which has survived to the present and is now one of the

largest banks in India.

Around the turn of the 20th Century, the Indian economy was passing through a

relative period of stability. Around five decades had elapsed since the Indian Mutiny,

and the social, industrial and other infrastructure had improved. Indians had



established small banks, most of which served particular ethnic and religious

communities.

The presidency banks dominated banking in India but there were also some exchange

banks and a number of Indian joint stock banks. All these banks operated in different

segments of the economy. The exchange banks, mostly owned by Europeans,

concentrated on financing foreign trade. Indian joint stock banks were generally under

capitalized and lacked the experience and maturity to compete with the presidency

and exchange banks. This segmentation let Lord Curzon to observe, "In respect of

banking it seems we are behind the times. We are like some old fashioned sailing

ship, divided by solid wooden bulkheads into separate and cumbersome

compartments."

The period between 1906 and 1911, saw the establishment of banks inspired by the

Swadeshi movement. The Swadeshi movement inspired local businessmen and

political figures to found banks of and for the Indian community. A number of banks

established then have survived to the present such as Bank of India, Corporation

Bank, Indian Bank, Bank of Baroda, Canara Bank and Central Bank of India.

The fervour of Swadeshi movement lead to establishing of many private banks in

Dakshina Kannada and Udupi district which were unified earlier and known by the

name South Canara ( South Kanara ) district. Four nationalised banks started in this

district and also a leading private sector bank. Hence undivided Dakshina Kannada

district is known as "Cradle of Indian Banking".



From World War I to Independence

The period during the First World War (1914-1918) through the end of the Second

World War (1939-1945), and two years thereafter until the independence of India

were challenging for Indian banking. The years of the First World War were

turbulent, and it took its toll with banks simply collapsing despite the Indian economy

gaining indirect boost due to war-related economic activities. At least 94 banks inIndia failed between 1913 and 1918 as indicated in the following table:

YearsNumber of banks

that failed

Authorised capital

(Rs. Lakhs)

Paid-up Capital

(Rs. Lakhs)

1913 12 274 351914 42 710 1091915 11 56 51916 13 231 4

1917 9 76 251918 7 209 1

Post-independence

The partition of India in 1947 adversely impacted the economies of Punjab and West

Bengal, paralyzing banking activities for months. India's independence marked the

end of a regime of the Laissez-faire for the Indian banking. The Government of India

initiated measures to play an active role in the economic life of the nation, and the

Industrial Policy Resolution adopted by the government in 1948 envisaged a mixed

economy. This resulted into greater involvement of the state in different segments of

the economy including banking and finance. The major steps to regulate banking

included:

• In 1948, the Reserve Bank of India, India's central banking authority, was

nationalized, and it became an institution owned by the Government of India.



• In 1949, the Banking Regulation Act was enacted which empowered the

Reserve Bank of India (RBI) "to regulate, control, and inspect the banks in

India."

• The Banking Regulation Act also provided that no new bank or branch of an

existing bank could be opened without a license from the RBI, and no two

banks could have common directors.

However, despite these provisions, control and regulations, banks in India except the

State Bank of India, continued to be owned and operated by private persons. This

changed with the nationalisation of major banks in India on 19 July 1969.

Nationalisation

By the 1960s, the Indian banking industry had become an important tool to facilitate

the development of the Indian economy. At the same time, it had emerged as a largeemployer, and a debate had ensued about the possibility to nationalise the banking

industry. Indira Gandhi, the-then Prime Minister of India expressed the intention of

the GOI in the annual conference of the All India Congress Meeting in a paper

entitled "Stray thoughts on Bank Nationalisation." The paper was received with

positive enthusiasm. Thereafter, her move was swift and sudden, and the GOI issued

an ordinance and nationalised the 14 largest commercial banks with effect from the

midnight of July 19, 1969. Jayaprakash Narayan, a national leader of India, describedthe step as a "masterstroke of political sagacity." Within two weeks of the issue of the

ordinance, the Parliament passed the Banking Companies (Acquisition and Transfer

of Undertaking) Bill, and it received the presidential approval on 9 August 1969.

A second dose of nationalization of 6 more commercial banks followed in 1980. The

stated reason for the nationalization was to give the government more control of credit

delivery. With the second dose of nationalization, the GOI controlled around 91% of

the banking business of India. Later on, in the year 1993, the government merged



New Bank of India with Punjab National Bank. It was the only merger between

nationalized banks and resulted in the reduction of the number of nationalised banks

from 20 to 19. After this, until the 1990s, the nationalised banks grew at a pace of

around 4%, closer to the average growth rate of the Indian economy.

The nationalised banks were credited by some, including Home minister P.

Chidambaram, to have helped the Indian economy withstand the global financial

crisis of 2007-2009

COMPANY PROFILE



STATE BANK OF INDIA

The State Bank Of India, the country’s oldest bank and a premier in terms of balance

sheet size, numbers of branches, market capitalization and profits is today going

through a momentous phase of change and transformation the two hundred years old

Public sector behemoth is today stirring out of its public sector legacy and moving

with an ability to give the Private and foreign banks a run for their money. The origin

of the SBI goes back to the first decade of the 19 th century with the establishment of

bank of Calcutta on June 2 1806. The bank is operating many businesses with

strategic tie ups-Pension Funds, General insurance, Custodial services, private equity,

mobile banking, point of sale merchant acquisition, Advisory services, structured

product etc- each on of their initiatives having a huge potential for growth. It is also

focusing at the top end of the market, on whole sale banking capabilities to provide

India’s growing mid/large corporate with a complete array of products and services. It

is consolidating is global treasury operations and entering into structured products and

derivative instruments. Today, the bank is the largest provider of infrastructure debt

and the largest arranger of external commercial borrowings in the country. It is only

Indian bank to feature in the fortune 500 list. SBI have about 8500 of its own 10000

branches and anther 5100 branches of its associate banks, today it offers the largest

banking network of the Indian customer. The bank is also in the process of providing

complete payment solution to its clientele with it’s over 8500 ATMs. It presently has

52 foreign offices in 34 countries across the globe.

With four national level Apex Training Colleges and 54 learning Centres spread all

over the country the Bank is continuously engaged in skill enhancement of itsemployees. Some of the training programs are attended by bankers from banks in

other countries.

The bank is also looking at opportunities to grow in size in India as well as

internationally. It presently has 82 foreign offices in 32 countries across the globe. It

has also 7 Subsidiaries in India - SBI Capital Markets, SBICAP Securities, SBI DFHI,

SBI Factors, SBI Life and SBI Cards - forming a formidable group in the Indian



Banking scenario. It is in the process of raising capital for its growth and also

consolidating its various holdings.

Throughout all this change, the Bank is also attempting to change old mindsets,

attitudes and take all employees together on this exciting road to Transformation. In a

recently concluded mass internal communication programme termed ‘Parivartan’ the

Bank rolled out over 3300 two day workshops across the country and covered over

130,000 employees in a period of 100 days using about 400 Trainers, to drive home

the message of Change and inclusiveness. The workshops fired the imagination of the

employees with some other banks in India as well as other Public Sector

Organizations seeking to emulate the Program.

HISTORY

The roots of the State Bank of India rest in the first decade of 19th century, when the

Bank of Calcutta, later renamed the Bank of Bengal, was established on 2 June 1806.

The Bank of Bengal and two other Presidency banks, namely, the Bank of Bombay

(incorporated on 15 April 1840) and the Bank of Madras (incorporated on 1 July

1843). All three Presidency banks were incorporated as joint stock companies, and

were the result of the royal charters. These three banks received the exclusive right to

issue paper currency in 1861 with the Paper Currency Act, a right they retained until

the formation of the Reserve Bank of India. The Presidency banks amalgamated on 27

January 1921, and the reorganized banking entity took as its name Imperial Bank of

India. The Imperial Bank of India continued to remain a joint stock company.

Pursuant to the provisions of the State Bank of India Act (1955), the Reserve Bank of

India, which is India's central bank, acquired a controlling interest in the Imperial

Bank of India. On 30 April 1955 the Imperial Bank of India became the State Bank of India. The Govt. of India recently acquired the Reserve Bank of India's stake in SBI

so as to remove any conflict of interest because the RBI is the country's banking

regulatory authority.

In 1959 the Government passed the State Bank of India (Subsidiary Banks) Act,

enabling the State Bank of India to take over eight former State-associated banks as

its subsidiaries. On Sept 13, 2008, State Bank of Saurashtra, one of its Associate

Banks, merged with State Bank of India.



SBI has acquired local banks in rescues. For instance, in 1985, it acquired Bank of

Cochin in Kerala, which had 120 branches. SBI was the acquirer as its affiliate, State

Bank of Travancore, already had an extensive network in Kerala.

An important turning point in the history of State Bank of India is the launch of the

first Five Year Plan of independent India, in 1951. The Plan aimed at serving the

Indian economy in general and the rural sector of the country, in particular. Until the

Plan, the commercial banks of the country, including the Imperial Bank of India,

confined their services to the urban sector. Moreover, they were not equipped to

respond to the growing needs of the economic revival taking shape in the rural areas

of the country. Therefore, in order to serve the economy as a whole and rural sector in

particular, the All India Rural Credit Survey Committee recommended the formation

of a state-partnered and state-sponsored bank.

The All India Rural Credit Survey Committee proposed the take over of the Imperial

Bank of India, and integrating with it, the former state-owned or state-associate banks.

Subsequently, an Act was passed in the Parliament of India in May 1955. As a result,

the State Bank of India (SBI) was established on 1 July 1955. This resulted in making

the State Bank of India more powerful, because as much as a quarter of the resources

of the Indian banking system were controlled directly by the State. Later on, the State

Bank of India (Subsidiary Banks) Act was passed in 1959. The Act enabled the State

Bank of India to make the eight former States -associated banks as its subsidiaries.

The State Bank of India emerged as a pacesetter, with its operations carried out by the

480 offices comprising branches, sub offices and three Local Head Offices, inherited

from the Imperial Bank. Instead of serving as mere repositories of the community's

savings and lending to creditworthy parties, the State Bank of India catered to the

needs of the customers, by banking purposefully. The bank served the heterogeneous

financial needs of the planned economic development.

Branches



The corporate centre of SBI is located in Mumbai. In order to cater to different

functions, there are several other establishments in and outside Mumbai, apart from

the corporate centre. The bank boasts of having as many as 14 local head offices and

57 Zonal Offices, located at major cities throughout India. It is recorded that SBI has

about 10000 branches, well networked to cater to its customers throughout India.

ATM Services

SBI provides easy access to money to its customers through more than 8500 ATMs in

India. The Bank also facilitates the free transaction of money at the ATMs of State

Bank Group, which includes the ATMs of State Bank of India as well as the Associate

Banks - State Bank of Bikaner & Jaipur, State Bank of Hyderabad, State Bank of

Indore, etc. You may also transact money through SBI Commercial and International

Bank Ltd by using the State Bank ATM-cum-Debit (Cash Plus) card.

Subsidiaries

The State Bank Group includes a network of eight banking subsidiaries and several

non-banking subsidiaries. Through the establishments, it offers various services

including merchant banking services, fund management, factoring services, primary

dealership in government securities, credit cards and insurance.

The eight banking subsidiaries are:

• State Bank of Bikaner and Jaipur (SBBJ)

• State Bank of Hyderabad (SBH)

• State Bank of India (SBI)

• State Bank of Indore (SBIR)

• State Bank of Mysore (SBM)

• State Bank of Patiala (SBP)



• State Bank of Sarasota (SBS)

• State Bank of Travancore (SBT)

Products and Services

Personal Banking

• SBI Term Deposits SBI Loan for Pensioners

• SBI Recurring Deposits Loan against Mortgage Of Property

• SBI Housing Loan against Shares & Debentures

• SBI Car Loan Rent plus Scheme

•

SBI Educational Loan Medi-Plus Scheme

Other Services

• Agriculture/Rural Banking

• NRI Services

• ATM Services

• Demat Services

• Corporate Banking



• Internet Banking

• Mobile Banking

• International Banking

• Safe Deposit Locker

• RBIEFT

• E-Pay

• E-Rail

• SBI Vishwa Yatra Foreign Travel Card

• Broking Services

• Gift Cheques

The CNN IBN, Network 18 recognized this momentous transformation journey, the

State Bank of India is undertaking, and has awarded the prestigious Indian of the Year

- Business, to its Chairman, Mr. O. P. Bhatt in January 2008



INVESTMENT

• Broking Services

• Gift Cheques

The CNN IBN, Network 18 recognized this momentous transformation journey, the

State Bank of India is undertaking, and has awarded the prestigious Indian of the Year

- Business, to its Chairman, Mr. O. P. Bhatt in January 2008

INVESTMENT

SBI Mutual Fund is India’s largest bank sponsored mutual fund and has an enviable

track record in judicious investments and consistent wealth creation.

The fund traces its lineage to SBI – India’s largest banking enterprise. The institution

has grown immensely since its inception and today it is India's largest bank,

patronised by over 80% of the top corporate houses of the country.

SBI Mutual Fund is a joint venture between the State Bank of India and Society

General Asset Management, one of the world’s leading fund management

companies that manages over US$ 500 Billion worldwide.

Mumbai, August 26, 2008 - SBI Life Insurance has achieved a unique distinction of

ranking third globally in terms of number of Million Dollar Round Table (MDRT)

members. Of the 40,000 SBI Life Insurance Advisors, 1,662 have qualified for the

MUTUAL FUND EQUITY SCHEMESDABT SCHEMESBALANCED SCHEMESEXCHANGE TRADED SCHEMES

LIFE INSURANCE Unit linked products: Pension products: Pure protection

Products: protection cum saving products: Money back

Scheme products: SBI life- SARAL ULIP protection

plans: specialized term insurance: retirement solution:

SBI life- swadhan (group): SBI life- dhanaraksha plus:SBI life- Grameen Shakti, Health products

EQUITY ALL TYPES



prestigious MDRT membership. Among these, 124 qualified for Court of Table

(COTs) and 20 for Top of Table (TOTs).

Management

The bank has 14 directors on the Board and is responsible for the management of the

Bank’s business. The board in addition to monitoring corporate performance also

carries out functions such as approving the business plan, reviewing and approving

the annual budgets and borrowing limits and fixing exposure limits. Mr. O. P. Bhatt is

the Chairman of the bank. The five-year term of Mr. Bhatt will expire in March 2011.

Prior to this appointment, Mr. Bhatt was Managing Director at State Bank of

Travancore. Mr. Bhatt has more than 30 years of experience in the Indian banking

industry and is seen as futuristic leader in his approach towards technology and

customer service. Mr. Bhatt has had the best of foreign exposure in SBI. We believe

that the appointment of Mr. Bhatt would be a key to SBI’s future growth momentum.

Mr. T S Bhattacharya is the Managing Director of the bank and known for his vast

experience in the banking industry. Recently, the senior management of the bank has

been broadened considerably. The positions of CFO and the head of treasury have

been segregated and new heads for rural banking and for corporate development and

new business banking have been appointed. The management’s thrust on growth of

the bank in terms of network and size would also ensure encouraging prospects in

time to come.



ICICI BANK

ICICI Group offers a wide range of banking products and financial services to

corporate and retail customers through a variety of delivery channels and through its

specialised group companies, subsidiaries and affiliates in the areas of personal

banking, investment banking, life and general insurance, venture capital and asset

management. With a strong customer focus, the ICICI Group Companies have

maintained and enhanced their leadership position in their respective sectors.

ICICI Bank is India's second-largest bank with total assets of Rs. 3,793.01 billion

(US$ 75 billion) at March 31, 2009 and profit after tax Rs. 37.58 billion for the year

ended March 31, 2009. The Bank has a network of 1,451 branches and about 4,721

ATMs in India and presence in 18 countries.

HITORY

1955:

The Industrial Credit and Investment Corporation of India Limited (ICICI)

incorporated at the initiative of the World Bank, the Government of India and

representatives of Indian industry, with the objective of creating a development

financial institution for providing medium-term and long-term project financing to

Indian businesses. Mr.A.Ramaswami Mudaliar elected as the first Chairman of ICICI

Limited.

ICICI emerges as the major source of foreign currency loans to Indian industry.

Besides funding from the World Bank and other multi-lateral agencies, ICICI wasalso among the first Indian companies to raise funds from international markets.

1956:

ICICI declared its first dividend of 3.5%

1961:

The first West German loan of DM 5 million from Kredianstalt obtained



1967:

ICICI made its first debenture issue for Rs.6 crore, which was oversubscribed

1972:

The second entity in India to set up merchant banking services

1977:

ICICI sponsored the formation of Housing Development Finance Corporation.

Managed its first equity public issue

1986:

ICICI became the first Indian institution to receive ADB Loans.

ICICI, along with UTI, set up Credit Rating Information Services of India Limited,

India's first professional credit rating agency.

ICICI promotes Shipping Credit and Investment Company of India Limited

1993:

Promoted TDICI - India's first venture capital company

1994:

ICICI Securities and Finance Company Limited in joint venture with J. P. Morgan set

up

1996:

ICICI Asset Management Company set up.ICICI Bank set up. ICICI Ltd became the first company in the Indian financial sector

to raise GDR

2000:

ICICI launched retail finance - car loans, house loans and loans for consumer

durables. ICICI becomes the first Indian Company to list on the NYSE through an

issue of American Depositary Shares



2001:

ICICI Bank became the first commercial bank from India to list its stock on NYSE.

ICICI Bank announces merger with Bank of Madura. The Boards of ICICI Ltd and

ICICI Bank approved the merger of ICICI with ICICI Bank.

2002:

ICICI Ltd merged with ICICI Bank Ltd to create India's second largest bank in terms

of assets.

ICICI assigned higher than sovereign rating by Moody's. : ICICI Bank launched

India's first CDO (Collateralised Debt Obligation) Fund named Indian Corporate

Collateralised Debt Obligation Fund (ICCDO Fund).

"E Lobby", a self-service banking centre inaugurated in Pune. It was the first of its

kind in India.

ICICI Bank launched Private Banking. 1100-seat Call Centre set up in Hyderabad

ICICI Bank Home Shoppe, the first-ever permanent aggregation and display of

housing projects in the county, launched in Pune, ATM-on-Wheels, India's first

mobile ATM, launched in Mumbai.

2003:

The first Integrated Currency Management Centre launched in Pune.

ICICI Bank announced the setting up of its first ever offshore branch in Singapore.

The first offshore banking unit (OBU) at Seepz Special Economic Zone, Mumbai,

launched. ICICI Bank's representative office inaugurated in Dubai.

Representative office set up in China.

ICICI Bank's UK subsidiary launched.India's first ever "Visa Mini Credit Card", a 43% smaller credit card in dimensions

launched. ICICI Bank subsidiary set up in Canada.

Temasek Holdings acquired 5.2% stake in ICICI Bank.

ICICI Bank became the market leader in retail credit in India.



2005:

ICICI Bank and CNBC TV 18 announced India's first ever awards recognising the

achievements of SMEs, a pioneering initiative to encourage the contribution of Small

and Medium Enterprises to the growth of Indian economy.

ICICI Bank opened its 500th branch in India.

ICICI Bank introduced partnership model wherein ICICI Bank would forge an

alliance with existing micro finance institutions (MFIs). The MFI would undertake the

promotional role of identifying, training and promoting the micro-finance clients and

ICICI Bank would finance the clients directly on the recommendation of the MFI.

ICICI Bank introduced 8-8 banking wherein all the branches of the Bank would

remain open from 8a.m. to 8 p.m. from Monday to Saturday.

ICICI Bank introduced the concept of floating rate for home loans in India.

First rural branch and ATM launched in Uttar Pradesh at Delpandarwa, Hardoi.

"Free for Life" credit cards launched wherein annual fees of all ICICI Bank Credit

Cards were waived off.

ICICI Bank and Visa jointly launched mChq - a revolutionary credit card on the

mobile phone.

Private Banking Masters 2005, a nationwide Golf tournament for high networth

clients of the private banking division launched. This event is the largest domesticinvitation amateur golf event conducted in India.

First Indian company to make a simultaneous equity offering of $1.8 billion in India,

the United States and Japan.

Acquired Ivestitsionno Kreditny Bank of Russia.

ICICI Bank became the largest bank in India in terms of its market capitalisation



2007:

Introduced a new product - 'NRI smart save Deposits' - a unique fixed deposit scheme

for non-residents Indians.

Representative offices opened in Thailand, Indonesia and Malaysia.

ICICI Bank became the largest retail player in the market to introduce a biometric

enabled smart card that allows banking transactions to be conducted on the field. A

low -cost solution, this became an effective delivery option for ICICI Bank's micro

finance institution partners.

Financial counselling centre Disha launched. Disha provides free credit counselling,

financial planning and debt management services.

Bhoomi puja conducted for a regional hub in Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh.

ICICI Bank's USD 2 billion 3-tranche international bond offering was the largest bond

offering by an Indian bank.

Sangli Bank amalgamated with ICICI Bank.

ICICI Bank raised Rs 20,000 crore (approx $5 billion) from both domestic and

international markets through a follow-on public offer.

ICICI Bank's GBP 350 million international bond offering marked the inaugural dealin the sterling market from an Indian issuer and also the largest deal in the sterling

market from Asia

.

Launched India's first ever jewellery card in association with jewellery major

Gitanjali Group.

ICICI Bank became the first bank in India to launch a premium credit card -- TheVisa Signature Credit Card.



Foundation stone laid for a regional hub in Gandhinagar, Gujarat.

Introduced SME Toolkit, an online resource centre, to help small and medium

enterprises start, finance and grow their business.

ICICI Bank signed a multi-tranche dual currency US$ 1.5 billion syndication loan

agreement in Singapore.

ICICI Bank became the first private bank in India to offer both floating and fixed rate

on car loans, commercial vehicles loans, construction equipment loans and

professional equipment loans.

In a first of its kind, nation wide initiative to attract bright graduate students to pursue

a career in banking, ICICI Bank launched the "Probationary Officer Programme".

Launched Bank@home services for all savings and current a/c customers residing in

India.

ICICI Bank Eurasia LLC inaugurated its first branch at St Petersburg, Russia.

2008:

ICICI Bank enters US, launches its first branch in New York.

ICICI Bank enters Germany, opens its first branch in Frankfurt.

ICICI Bank launched iMobile, a breakthrough innovation in banking where practically all internet banking transactions can now be simply done on mobile

phones.

ICICI Bank concluded India's largest ever securitisation transaction of a pool of retail

loan assets aggregating to Rs. 48.96 billion (equivalent of USD 1.21 billion) in a

multi-tranche issue backed by four different asset categories. It is also the largest deal

in Asia (ex -Japan)in 2008 till date and the second largest deal in Asia (ex-Japan &Australia) since the beginning of 2007.



BANK SERVICES

PERSONAL BANKING SAVINGS AND DEPOSITSLOANSCARDSWEALTH MANAGEMENT

GLOBAL PRIVATE CLIENTS

CORPORATE BANKING TRANSACTION BANKINGTREASURY BANKINGINVESTMENT BANKINGCAPITAL MARKETSCUSTODIAL SERVICESRURAL AND AGRI BANKINGSTRUCTURED FINANCETECHNOLOGY FINANCE

BUSINESS BANKING CURRENT ACCOUNTBUSINESS LOANSFOREXTRADE

CASH MANAGEMENT SERVICES



INVESTOR RELATIONS

It is ICICI group’s belief that all stakeholders should have access to complete

information regarding its position to enable them to accurately assess its future

potential. ICICI group regularly publishes information on its operation and various

initiatives for its investors.

• Annual reports

• Investor presentation

• Quarterly financial results

• Share price and ownership

• SEC filing

• Credit ratings

• Investor FAQ’s



DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS

STATE BANK OF INDIA

BALANCE SHEET OF SBI

CAPITAL AND LIABILITY MAR’07 MAR’08 MAR’09In rs cr. In rs cr. In rs cr.

TOTAL SHARE CAPITAL 526.30 631.47 634.88

EQUITY SHARE CAPITAL 526.30 631.47 634.80

SHARE APPLICATION MONEY 0.00 0.00 0.00

PREFERENCE SHARE CAPITAL 0.00 0.00 0.00

RESERVES 30,772.26 48,401.19 57,312.82

REVALUATION RESERVES 0.00 0.00 0.00

NET WORTH 31,298.56 49,032.66 57,947.70

DEPOSITS 435,521.09 537,403.94 742,073.13

BORROWINGS 39,703.34 51,727.41 53,713.68

TOTAL DEBT 475,224.43 589,131.35 795,786.81

OTHER LIABILITY AND PROVISION 60,042.26 83,362.30 110,697.57

TOTAL LIABILITY 566,565.25 721,526.31 964,432.08

ASSETS

CASH AND BALANCE WITH RBI 29,076.43 51,534.62 55,546.17

BALANCE WITH BANKS, MONEY 22,892.27 15,931.72 48,857.63

ADVANCES 337,336.49 416,768.20 542,503.20INVESTMENTS 149,148.88 189,501.27 275,953.96

GROSS BLOCK 8,061.92 8,988.35 10,403.06

ACCUMULAYED DEPRECIATION 5,385.01 5,849.13 6,828.65

NET BLOCK 2,676.91 3,139.22 3,574.41

CAPITAL WORK IN PROGRESS 141.95 234.26 263.44

OTHER ASSETS 25,292.31 44417.03 37733.27

TOTAL ASSETS 566565.24 721526.32 964432.08

CONTINGENT LIABILITY 259,536.57 736087.59 614603.47

BILLS FOR COLLECTION 70418.15 93652.89 152654.06

BOOK VALUE 594.69 776.48 912.73



PROFIT AND LOSS ACCOUNT OF SBI

INCOME

INTEREST EARNED 48,950.31 63,788.43

OTHER INCOME 9,398.43 12,691.35

TOTAL INCOME 58,348.74 76,479.78

EXPENDITURE

INTEREST EXPENDED 31,929.08 42,915.29

EMPLOYEE COST 7,785.87 9,747.31

SELLING AND ADMINISTRATION EXP 4,165.94 5,122.06

DEPRICIATION 679.98 763.14

MISCELLANOUS EXP. 7,058.75 8,810.75

PREOPERATIVE EXP. CAPITALISED 0.00 0.00

OPERATING EXP. 14,609.55 18,123.66

PROVISIONS AND CONTINGENCIES 5,080.99 6,319.60

TOTAL EXP. 51,619.62 67,358.55

NET PROFIT FOR THE YEAR 6,729.12 9,121.23

EXTRAORDINARY ITEMS 0.00 0.00

PROFIT BROUGHT FORWARD 0.34 0.34

TOTAL 6,729.46 9,121.57

PREFERENCE DIVIDEND 0.00 0.00

EQUITY DIVIDEND 1,357.66 1,841.15

CORPORATE DIVIDEND 165.87 248.03

PER SHARE DATA (ANNUALISED)

EARNING PER SHARE (Rs.) 106.56 143.67

EQUITY DIVIVEND (%) 215.00 290.00BOOK VALUE (Rs) 776.48 912.73

APPROPIRATIONS

TRANSFER TO STATUTORY RESERVE 5,205.69 7,032.04

TRANSFER TO OTHER RESERVES -0.10 0.01

PROPOSED DIVIDEND TRANSFER TO GOVT. 1,523.53 2,089.18

BALANCE C/F TO BALANCE SHEET 0.34 0.34

TOTAL 6,729.46 9,121.57



CURRENT SENERIO

SBI profit rises 46% in Q4 on higher other income

Kolkata, May 9 Riding on higher other income including profits from treasury

operations, State Bank of India posted a 46 per cent rise in net profit at Rs 2,742 crore

for the fourth quarter ended March 31, 2009, up from Rs 1,883 crore during the

corresponding quarter of last year.

The bank made a profit of Rs 1,508 crore on account of sale of invest ments in thequarter ended March 31, 2009, according to its Chairman, Mr O.P. Bhatt.

Other income for the quarter under consideration grew by 67 per cent at Rs 4,718 crore

(Rs 2,817 crore)



The net profit for the year ended March 31, 2009 increased by 35.5 per cent at Rs

9,121 crore, against Rs 6,729 crore during the corresponding period last year.

The board of directors at a meeting here on Saturday recommended a dividend of 290

per cent or Rs 29 per share (215 per cent) for the year under review.

The bank’s

treasury

income in

2008-09

increased by

171 per cent

to Rs 2,566 crore on

Account of profit on sale of investments, Mr Bhatt said.

Pillar of growth

Treasury would continue to be an important pillar of growth for the bank, he

maintained. Historically, treasury was our residual business but this year treasury has

registered outstanding growth. We are now trying to offer products at par with other

multinational banks. Our fee-based income, which was earlier growing in single

digits, also grew by 30 per cent in 2008-09; ´ Mr Bhatt said explaining the reason for

the growth in the bank’s net profit.

Referring to the lower growth in net profit in 2008 -09 vis-À-vis 2007-08 when the

growth was 48 per cent, he said, It was due to the rise in overhead costs due to branch

expansion, liquidity overhang and the cost of carrying it and also on account of higher

provisioning for salary revisions and for pensions.

A 30 per cent growth in advances also contributed to the growth of net profit, he said.

³There has been a robust growth in our advances not only in terms of volumes but also

in terms of income,´ he pointed out. Performance the bank’s core fee-based income



for the year ended March 2009 grew by 29 per cent to Rs 7,617 crore contributed by

commission, exchange, loan processing fee and account maintenance charges.

Other income increased by 46 per cent at Rs 12,691 crore (Rs 8,695 crore).

Domestic deposits grew by 33 per cent at Rs 6,96,340 crore (Rs 5,22,589).

Current Account and Savings Bank Account (CASA) deposits increased by 22 per

cent to Rs 2,73,396 crore (Rs 2,23,627 crore) and term deposits grew by 41.5 per cent

to Rs 4,22,944 crore (Rs 2,98,962 crore). The share of bulk deposits to total deposits

declined to 10.81 per cent (14.13 per cent). Advances went up 30 per cent at Rs

5,48,540 crore (Rs 4,22,331 crore). The credit –deposit ratio declined to 66.63 per

cent (72.59 per cent). ³There has been an unprecedented flow of deposits since

November 2008 to the tune of Rs 1,000 crore a day; on the other hand there has been

a decline in credit off take. This has led to a decline in CD ratio, ´ Mr Bhatt observed.

The net interest margin (NIM) declined to 2.93 per cent (3.07 per cent). ³The huge

growth in deposits, lesser growth and lower yield o n advances has put a pressure on

our margins, ´ Mr Bhatt said. The bank witnessed a two basis point dip in NIM in

April 2009. However, with the cost of deposits coming down, the bank was hopeful of

either maintaining or registering a slight improvement in its NIM, he said.

ICICI BANK CURENT

Performance Review - Year ended March 31, 2009

• Dividend of Rs. 11 per share proposed, same as previous year

• Profit before tax of Rs. 5,117 crore for the year ended March 31, 2009

compared to Rs. 5,056 crore for the year ended March 31, 2008

• 12% year-on-year increase in operating profit for the year ended March 31,

2009

• 14% year-on-year reduction in costs due to cost rationalization measures

• Current and savings account (CASA) ratio increased to 28.7% at March 31,

2009 from 26.1% at March 31, 2008

• Increase of Rs. 5,286 crore in CASA deposits in quarter ended March 31,

2009



• Strong capital adequacy ratio of 15.5% and Tier -1 capital adequacy ratio of

11.8% after proposed dividend; Tier-1 capital adequacy ratio highest among

large Indian banks The Board of Directors of ICICI Bank Limited (NYSE:

IBN) at its meeting held at Mumbai today, approved the audited accounts of the Bank for the year ended March 31, 2009.

Profit & loss account

• Profit before tax for the year ended March 31, 2009 (FY2009) was Rs.5,

117 crore (US$ 1,009 million), compared to Rs. 5,056 crore (US$997

million) for the year ended March 31, 2008 (FY2008).

• Profit after tax for FY2009 was Rs. 3,758 crore (US$ 741 million )

compared to Rs. 4,158 crore (US$ 820 million) for FY2008 due to the

higher effective tax rate on account of lower proportion of income taxable

as dividends and capital gains.

• Net interest income increased 15% from Rs. 7,304 crore (US$

1,440million) for FY2008 to Rs. 8,367 crore (US$ 1,650 million) for

FY2009. While the advances declined marginally year -on-year, the net

interest income increased due to improvement in net interest margin from

2.2% in FY2008 to 2.4% in FY2009. Operating expenses (including direct

marketing agency expenses) decreased 14% to Rs. 6,835 crore (US$ 1,348

million) in FY2009 from Rs. 7,972 crore (US$ 1,572 million) in FY2008.

The cost/average asset ratio for FY2009 was 1.8% compared to 2.2% for

FY2008.

• Profit before tax for the quarter ended March 31, 2009 (Q4 -2009) was Rs.

1,071 crore (US$ 211 million) compared to Rs. 1,343 crore (US$265

million) for the quarter ended March 31, 2008 (Q4-2008),primarily due to

lower level of fee income at Rs. 1,343 crore (US$ 265 million) in Q4-2009

compared to Rs. 1,928 crore (US$ 380million) in Q4 -2008, partly offset

by lower operating expenses and higher net interest income. The lower

level of fee income was due to reduced investment and acquisition

financing activity in the corporate sector and lower level of fees from

distribution of retail financial products, reflecting the adverse conditions

in global and Indian financial markets.



• Profit after tax for Q4-2009 was Rs. 744 crore (US$ 147 million)

compared to Rs. 1,150 crore (US$ 227 million) for Q4 -2008.

BALANCE SHEET

During the year, the Bank has pursued a strategy of prioritizing capital conservation,

liquidity management and risk containment given the challenging economic

environment. This is reflected in the Bank’s strong capital adequacy and its focus on

reducing its wholesale term deposit base and increasing its CASA ratio. The Bank is

maintaining excess liquidity on an ongoing basis. The Bank has also placed strong

emphasis on efficiency improvement and cost rationalization. The Bank continues to

invest in expansion of its branch network to enhance its deposit fran chise and create

an integrated distribution network for both asset and liability products. In line with the

above strategy, the total deposits of the Bank were Rs.218,348 crore (US$43 billion)

at March 31, 2009, compared to Rs.244,431 crore (US$ 48.2 billion) at March 31,

2008. The reduction in term deposits by Rs. 24,970 crore (US$ 4.9 billion) was

primarily due to the Bank¶s conscious strategy of paying off wholesale deposits.

During Q4-2009, total deposits increased by Rs. 9,283 crore (US$ 1.8 billi on), of

which Rs. 5,286 crore (US$ 1.0 billion), or about 57%, was in the form of CASA

deposits. The CASA ratio improved to 28.7% of total deposits at March 31, 2009

from 26.1% at March 31, 2008.

The branch network of the Bank has increased from 755 branches at March 31, 2007

to 1,438 branches at April 24, 2009. The Bank is also in the process of opening 580

new branches which would expand the branch network to about 2,000 branches,

giving the Bank a wide distribution reach in the country.

In line with the strategy of prioritizing capital conservation and risk containment, the

loan book of the Bank decreased marginally to Rs.218,311 crore (US$ 43.0 billion) at

March 31, 2009 from Rs. 225,616 crore(US$ 44. 5 billion) at March 31, 2008.

Capital adequacy The Bank’s capital adequacy at March 31, 2009 as per Reserve

Bank of India’s revised guidelines on Basel II norms was 15.5% and Tier -1 capital

adequacy was 11.8%, well above RBI’s requirement of total capital adequacy of

9.0% and Tier-1 capital adequacy of 6.0%. The above capital adequacy takes into

account the impact of dividend recommended by the Board.



ASSET QUALITY

At March 31, 2009, the Bank’s net non -performing asset ratio was 1.96%.During the

year the Bank restructured loans aggregating to Rs. 1,115crore (US$ 220 million).

Dividend on equity shares The Board has recommended a dividend of Rs. 11 per

equity share(equivalent to US$ 0.43 per ADS) for FY2009. The declaration and

payment of dividend is subject to requisite approvals. The record/book closure dates

will be announced in due course.

OVERSEAS BANKING SUBSIDAIRIES

ICICI Bank Canada saw an increase of about CAD 1.75 billion in term deposits

during FY2009 while its customer accounts increased from about 200,000 at March

31, 2008 to over 280,000 at March 31, 2009. ICICI Bank Canada continued to

maintain liquidity of about CAD 850.0 million. ICICI Bank Canada’s profit after tax

for FY2009 was CAD 33.9 million. ICICI Bank Canada’s capital position continued

to be strong with a capital adequacy ratio of 19.9% at March 31, 2009.ICICI Bank UK

saw an increase of about USD 1.80 billion in retail term deposits during FY2009 due

to which the proportion of retail term deposits in total deposits increased from 16% at

March 31, 2008 to 58% at March 31, 2009. ICICI Bank UK’s customer base

increased from about 210,000 at March 31, 2008 to over 310,000 customers at March

31, 2009.ICICI Bank UK continued to maintain liquidity of a bout USD 1.0 billion.

After accounting for the gains on buyback of bonds and mark -to-market and

impairment provisions on the investment portfolio, ICICI Bank UK’s profit after tax

for FY2009 was USD 6.8 million. ICICI Bank UK’s capital position continued to be

strong with a capital adequacy ratio of 18.4% at March 31, 2009.



SUMMARY OF BALANCE SHEET

LIABILITY MAR.31 2008 MAR.31 2009

NET WORTH 46,470 49,533

-EQUITY CAPITAL 1,113 1,113

-RESERVES 45,375 48,420

PREFERENCE CAPITAL 350 350

DEPOSITS 244,431 218,348

CASA RATIO 26.1% 28.7%

BORROWINGS 86,399 92,805

OTHER LIABILITIES 22,145 18,265TOTAL 399,795 379,301

ASSETS

CASH AND BANK BALANCE 38,041 29,966

ADVANCES 225,616 218,311

INVESTMENTS 111,454 103,058

FIXED AND OTHER ASSETS 24,684 27,966

TOTAL 399,795 379,301



SUMMARY OF PROFIT AND LOSS STATEMENT

2008 2009

NET INTEREST INCOME 7,304 8,367

NON INTEREST INCOME 8,811 7,604

-FEE INCOME 6627 6,524

-LEASE AND OTHER INCOME 1,369 637

-TRESURY INCOME 815 214

LESS:

OPERATING EXPENSES 6,429 6,306

EXP. ON DIRECT MARKET AGENTS 1,543 529

LEASE DEPRICIATION 182 210

OPERATING PROFIT 7,961 8,925

LESS: PROVISIONS 2,905 3,808

PROFIT BEFORE TAX 5,056 5,117

LESS: TAX 898 1,359

PROFIT AFTER TAX 4,158 3,758



LOANS SCHEME FOR SBI:-

ome loan

p to 5 years

to15 years

p to 15 years

0 30,00,00030,00,000 75,00,00030,00,000 75,00,000

0 30,00,00030,00,000 75,00,00030,00,000 75,00,000

0 30,00,00030,00,000 75,00,00030,00,000 75,00,000

10.50%11.75%11.75%

10.75%12.00%12.00%

11.00%12.25%12.50%

Availability of sufficient, regular and continuoussource of income for servicing the loanrepayment.

Age18-60 years

Equitable mortgage of theproperty or

Other tangible securityof adequate value like NSCs,Life Insurance policies etc.,

if the property cannot bemortgaged

edi-Plus loan 50,000 1,00,00050,000 2,00,00050,000 1,00,000

14.50% As per bank's extantinstructions.

Govt emp. From 10 yearsself-employed professionalemployee/agent(income>3lakhs)



LOAN SCHEMES OF ICICI:

Type AmountMin. Max.

Rate of interest

Security Eligibility

ersonal loan 1,500000

ducation loan - 4,00,000

4,00,000 7,50,000

4,00,000 7,50,000

For all10-12%

Nil

Tangible collateralsecurity

suitable third partyguarantee

Graduation courses

Post graduation courses Professional courses

Other courses approved by UGC/Government/AICTE

ar loan - 15,00,000 11-13% As per bank's extant

instructions.

person having a income

>1,00,000

ome loan 0 75,00,000 11.5-12.5% Availability of sufficient, regular and continuoussource of income for servicing the loanrepayment.

Equitable mortgage of theproperty or

Other tangible securityof adequate value like NSCs,Life Insurance policies etc.,

if the property cannot bemortgaged

ANALYSIS:

ADVANTAGES OF ICICI OVER SBI:

ICICI is growing at a very fast rate with a total asset of Rs. 3,744.10 billion.

In the area of human relations, the two are taking divergent paths. SBI, which had

over 1 lacks employees, has reduced headcount through a voluntary retirement

scheme and is cautious about adding headcount.

ICICI Bank, on the other hand, is setting up regional hubs where its workforce would

be concentrated and plans to add 20,000 to its headcount every year. The group plans

to add between 75,000 and 1, 00,000 employees in the next few years.

ICICI Bank is also set to outdo SBI is in its international book

- An area where it has been very aggressive.



ADVANTAGES OF SBI OVER ICICI:

SBI is the largest and oldest bank of India. Its major stocks are held by

government of India. So this bank enjoys the trust of its Customers a lot.

SBI offers flexible tenures of loan repayment.

State bank of India has vast experience in the field of SME

(Small and Medium Enterprises) Financing.

As it is the oldest name so it enjoys public trust a lot.

SBI have four national level Apex Training Colleges and 54

Learning Centers spread all over the country the Bank is

Continuously engaged in skill enhancement of its employees.

Some of the training programs are attended by bankers from

banks in other countries.

SBI group, which has over 10,000 branches, is planning to add another 3,000

branches.

It is also set to become the largest issuer of debit cards and is the second

largest credit card issuer.



Five reasons why we currently prefer SBI over ICICI

Reason #1 - Stronger CASA base

CASA franchise of 42% provides comfort on margin sustainability for SBI.

Though CASA for ICICI will also improve from the current 27%, we believe

SBI’s liability franchise will strengthen further with the opening of ~2,000 branches

in FY09.



Reason #2 – Asset-liability match of SBI is better

SBI has a better asset-liability match, with 60% of liabilities of more than 1-

year maturity, while ~71% of assets have more than 1-year maturity.

ICICI has 43% of its liabilities with more than 1-year maturity, while ~61% of

assets have more than 1-year maturity.



Reason #3- SBI has more diversified loan book

While asset quality risks persist for both banks, SBI’s loan

book is well diversified across a variety of segments; ICICI’s loan

book is still skewed towards retail.

According to our analysis, over the next 18 months the retail

segment is likely to be more vulnerable than the corporate segment.



Reason #4 - Market share gain in favour of SBI

SBI will continue to gain market share in both advances and deposits atICICI’s expense due to the latter’s strategy of going slow. Advances growth for SBI as at Q1FY09 was 28% versus 13% for ICICI. Deposit growth for SBI was at 25%, while for ICICI it was 2% as at Q1FY09.



Reason #5 - Return ratios for SBI are better

SBI is trading at 0.94x FY10E adjusted book, while ICICI is trading at 1.0xFY10E adjusted book (assuming value of subsidiaries for SBI at INR 301 and for ICICI at INR 283 on FY10E basis). ROE for ICICI is expected to be in the range of 8-10% in FY09-10E, whilethat of SBI will be in the range of 14-16%.



Key risks

SBI’s low provisioning coverage (44%) will lead to higher provisioning costin FY10E, considering the aggressive balance sheet growth. For ICICI, the expectation of bad asset quality is priced in and further negativesurprises look unlikely.

Like any other PSU bank, the bulk of SBI’s loan origination happens through branches where underwriting standards are stricter, unlike the DSA model that ICICIfollows. Hence, while we expect NPAs to increase for SBI in FY10E and FY11E, wedo not expect SBI to go through a similar experience as ICICI. Also, revised loan waiver guidelines could keep SBI’s Q2FY09 profits muted

due to higher provision requirement.



CONCLUSION:

The gap between SBI and the rest of the bank is so wide that SBI comes out as

number one on almost all counts. This includes assets, branch network, ATM

network, number of employees, and size of profits. The only place that ICICI Bank

has been able to upset the monolith has been in the area of market capitalization.

One reason why SBI has lagged in market cap despite its size has been its inability to

unlock value from its various businesses. However, there are signs that this is

changing and the bank is making attempts to realize the value of its investments in thelife insurance and asset management business.

SBI and ICICI are both India’s largest banks. Their growth means India’s growth.

And by this competition customers will be benefited and Indian economy will get a

boost.



LIMITATIONS

FOR SBI

The risks that could ensue to SBI in time to come are as under:

• SBI is currently operating at a lowest CAR. Insufficient capital may restrict

the growth prospects of the bank going forward.

• Stiff competition, especially in the retail segment, could impact retail growth

of SBI and hence slowdown in earnings growth.

• Contribution of retail credit to total bank credit stood at 26%. Significant

thrust on growing retail book poses higher credit risk to the bank.

• Delay in technology upgradation could result in loss of market shares.

• Management indicated a likely pension shortfall on account of AS -15 to be

close to Rs50bn.

• Slow down in domestic economy would pose a concern over credit off -take

thereby impacting earnings growth.



FOR ICICI

1) Competition: ICICI Bank is facing tight competition locally as well as

Internationally. Bank like CITI Bank, HSBC, ABM, Standered Chartered, HDF C

also provide equivalent facilities like ICICI do and also ICICI do not have

consistency in its international operation.

2) Net Services: ICICI Bank provides all kind of services on-line. There can be

Easy access to the e-mail ids of the customers through wrong people. The

Confidential information of the customers can be leaked easily through the e -

Mail ids.

3) Decentralized Management: Each branch manager is given the authority of

taking decisions in their respective branches. The decisions made by different

managers are diverse and any one wrong decision can laid to heavy losses to

the bank.

4) No Proper Facilities to Uneducated customers: ICICI Bank provides all

services through electronic computerized machines. This creates problems to

the less educated people. But this threat falls in the 4 th quadrant so its

negligible. T he company can avoid this threat.



LEARNINGS

More flexible requirement given by this bank.

Creating an efficient and effective organization.

This live project topic gives opportunity to know about various loan schemes

provided by the bank.

The study shows all the important aspects of Bank loan schemes & how this

affects to current financial trends.

It also describes the core features of borrowers as well as bankers for financing

loan which is a complex process.



RECOMMODATIONS:

FOR SBI

The growth for SBI in the coming years is likely to be fueled by the following

factors:

• Continued effort to increase low cost deposit would ensure improvement in

NIMs and hence earnings.

• Growing retail & SMEs thrust would lead to higher business growth.

• Strong economic growth would generate higher demand for funds pursuant to

higher corporate demand for credit on account of capacity expansion.



FOR ICICI

1) Bank -Insurance services: The bank should also provide insurance services.

That means the bank can have a tie-up with an insurance company. The bank

Will advertise & promote the different policies introduced by the insurance

Company & convince their customers to buy insurance policies.

2) Increase in percentage of Returns on increase: The bank should provide

Higher returns on deposits in comparison of the present situation. This will also

upto large extent help the bank earn profits & popularity.

3) Recruit professionally guided students: Bank & Insurance is a special non-aid

Course where the students specialize in the functioning & services of the bank &

also is knowledge about various tax policies. The bank can recruit these

students through tie-ups with colleges. Such students will surely prove as an

asset to the bank.

4) Associate with social cause: T he bank can also associate itself with social

causes like providing relief aid patients, funding towards natural calamities. But

this falls in the 4th quadrant so the bank should neglect it.



BIBLOGRAPHY

Secondary data:

• Internet website:

www.Google.com

www.Statebankofindia.com

www.Icicibank.com

saxena project report on banks

Documents