save the date! sept 23rd! - newpanda member...

ISSUE 73: SEPTEMBER 2016

Sept 23rd, Ribbon Cutting & Grand Opening! Join Us!

A•Bee•Cs by Phill Remick

Just the FAQs by Liz Walsh

X•Y•Zs by Dennis Brown

Bee Science: ABRC Proceedings, Part 2

Beekeeping 'Round the Globe: Morocco by Melanie Kirby

Apitherapy Association of America Conference

Bee Arts: 50,000 Bees Mural by Matthew Willey

Bee Thinking About: MiteGone, Bee Pods, World Food Day

Upcoming Events

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Kelley Beekeeping • Issue 73: September 2016 2

What an exciting time for Kelley Beekeeping! A little over a year ago, we embarked on a journey to consolidate and modernize our facilities. With the strength of our parent company, Frandsen Corporation, and the efforts of the teams from Kelley Beekeeping and our sister companies, I am happy to report that we are nearing the point of occupancy of our new 82,000-square foot facility.

Mr. Kelley built a 90+ year legacy that served the beekeeping industry well for as many years. While we strive to retain much of that legacy, we also realize that in order to keep that vision alive, we need to continue to grow and evolve. This new facility will be one of the tools to help us get there. The facility positions us to become a bigger force in this growing market. Not only will it allow us to better serve our dealers and our current base of Kelley Beekeeping customers, but further our growth in these areas. It will also allow us to continue to expand our market into retail through our sister company, Miller Manufacturing.

Through our BEST values, (Belief, Excellence, Sincerity, Teamwork), the Kelley Beekeeping Team will continue to foster and grow the business Mr. Kelley started back in 1924, and ensure another successful 90+ years committed to the Kelley Beekeeping brand and name.

It is with tremendous pride the team here will dedicate this new facility, and we are thrilled to invite fellow beekeepers from all over to join us on September 23rd to celebrate the next chapter of this

Save the Date! Sept 23rd!Ribbon Cutting & Grand Opening


great company. We will have a formal ribbon cutting ceremony and then will open the doors for you to see this beautiful new facility. I, along with the entire Kelley Beekeeping family, welcome you all to join us for a day of celebration.

Sincerely,Sam RuckriegelGeneral Manager

Save the Date cont'd

EditorMelanie [email protected]

Design & LayoutJon Weaver, Johnny4Eyes.com

Website & EcommerceKelleyBees.com

Address807 W. Main St.P.O. Box 240Clarkson, KY 42726

Phone270-242-2012 800-233-2899

© 2016 Kelley Beekeeping All rights reserved.

CALL FOR PHOTOSWant to see your bee-related photo on the cover of this newsletter? Send photos to [email protected]

www.kelleybees.com1-800-233-2899

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A•Bee•CsBeginning Beekeeping

HONEY HEIST!

In many regions of our country, honey flows are dwindling and normally busy bees have become irascible homebodies as fall settles upon bereft bee yards. Recently I took beginning students to an apiary and suggested we observe the bees experiencing typical fall conditions. A large, light weight canvas covered some, not all, (deliberately) of the few supers and lids on the bed of my flatbed truck- this was to ‘suggest’ to the bees that robbing be held to a minimum. (This is only a test!)Soon students realized there is no deterrent to a persistent, belligerent assemblage of ultra-aggressive honey bees, with their compound eyes on a potential honey prize!

The plan was to remove a couple of partial supers of honey, but the bees had another caper on their honey-mongering minds. We were working the second hive as the unmistakable buzz in the bee yard escalated. The pestering, enlarging group of honey bees was no longer minding their own beeswax; they were intent on their neighbors too! This rattled several in the group whom had never experienced an introduction to robbing.

A contingent appeared careening along the lids of several colonies. The majority was snooping and swooping near entrances, attempting entry to the forbidden sweet treasure stowed inside each hive. Many tangled with vigilant guards, dive-bombing and jostling for position, locked together, rolling round and round on the ground in mortal combat. When honey bees rob, they mentally shift to a hyper-focused state. Luckily, a portion of the colonies in this area had either mouse guards, entrance reducers or robbing screens which served as useful deterrents. These screens when placed over the entrances, (prior!) allow more concise manipulation beyond the use of a typical reducer. I had shut one side of the device completely while leaving the other side slightly open.

Robbing mania is another way Varroa mites migrate from colony to colony. Colonies with heavy mite populations, especially those of a near-by neighbor, can quickly infest, or ‘bomb ‘your hives and vice versa. Yes, Varroa mites love a good old fashioned robbing session-it guarantees free rides for every mite young and old, ferrying their potential for disease with them! I imagine hitch-hiking mites straddling bees as they plow through the clouds of battle, to their new residence and unsuspecting victims, as Bruce Willis in the movie Die Hard yells, “Yippee ki-yay!” (etc., etc.)Back in the apiary, we blended a mud mixture, smearing it into cracks like dark putty on a few slightly ajar lid lines to thwart the invaders.

If you have a question you would like to share, email it to [email protected]

by Phill Remick


ABCs continued

Phill Remick is a former commercial beekeeper and seasonal apiary inspector who teaches beekeeping, offers year round apiary consulting and sells supplies near Edgewood, NM. Contact: [email protected]

As if by magic, threatening massive black clouds loomed and a crack of thunder jabbed from the east. The temperature dropped dramatically and the rains came- motivating the foiled robbers to abandon the siege and retreat to their original haciendas. What a life- lesson for the class! Several students commented about how they had ‘read’ about robbing, but witnessing it was an enlightening experience. Most of them owned only one or two colonies.

Here is a classic case against so-called ‘open-feeding’ that unknowing/uncaring bee people sometimes practice. If you allow other bee’s access to open hives, especially in times of a honey dearth, the more prone they become to creating a scenario that initiate’s major robbing.

This is an extremely serious issue. When a beekeeper openly feeds a sugar/honey source to any and all bees in the area, it can cause the insects to fight to the death, promote the spreading of disease and ultimately end up destroying several colonies. Just say ‘No!’ to open feeding.

In conclusion: • When temps are cool with no existing honey flow, best to stay out of your hives, or visit very

briefly. Consider placing duct tape over any entry that might permit easy access to a hive, like an upper entrance. Reduce the main entrance and secure all other openings/entrances.

• Keep supers, loose frames, lids or bottoms out of the immediate vicinity. A few bees getting a whiff of a hive related item during fall can kick up a frenzy that is rough to control. No liquid feeding or wet comb, either, it is highly problematic when robbing is likely.

• Keep a shovel handy in case you need to quickly block some colony entrances with dirt.• Bee aware of your surroundings, if robbing begins, close up shop immediately.• Remember: Only you can prevent robbing! Bee seeing you, Phill [email protected] 505.589.4398


Just the FAQsQuestions & Answersby Liz Walsh

Bee venom and reactions to it

As the cost of epipens has recently risen 400% (see: http://www.usatoday.com/story/money/business/2016/08/22/two-senators-urge-scrutiny-epipen-price-boost/89129620/ or perform a google search for more information) I’ve recently become aware that our beekeeping community needs more information about how bee venom works, “allergic” reactions to bee venom, and when epipens are appropriate for use. Hopefully this article will give beekeepers a broader understanding of bee venom (apitoxin) affects and when epipen use is appropriate.

Honey bee stings are composed of various amino acids, peptides, pheromones, enzymes, acids, among other things. Ultimately, what this means is that when a mammal is injected with this venom, one experiences an elevated heart rate, stimulated adrenal glands (a combination which lends itself to a panicked fight or flight response in victims), as well as minor cell death of blood cells (which lowers blood pressure and causes the body to release histamine which leads to pain and itching) and localized swelling. These reactions will go away. Going away can sometimes take a few minutes, hours, or days, depending on the individual’s immune system, their sensitivity to bee venom, and how much venom was injected into the victim. Ultimately, a reaction like this is very normal and does not imply that the beekeeper is “allergic” to bees or bee venom. Medically, a reaction to a bee sting such as the one described above is a response that is considered a “sensitivity” and very normal.

True allergic reactions to bee venom are rare. Someone with a true allergy to bee venom does not just have swelling or itching—they have symptoms of true bee poisoning. These symptoms include things like anaphylactic shock. A victim may exhibit symptoms such as losing consciousness, throats swelling shut when the venom injection area is nowhere near the throat, dizziness, nausea, extreme headaches, and others. Only about 5% of people is the U.S. are thought to be truly allergic to bee venom (Golden, “Advances in diagnosis and management of insect sting therapy,” 2013).

It is important for beekeepers and the public to realize that serious allergic reactions do not normally happen the first time someone is stung or exposed to venom. A severe reaction normally takes place the second or third time that someone is exposed due to the way the human immune system worksAnother point of vital interest is that beekeepers can develop an allergy to bee venom. When beekeepers have desensitized themselves to relatively low and constant amounts of venom over the course of a season or break in beekeeping, it can be a shock to the body to again be exposed after a winter period or years of venom absence. This shock can trigger a severely allergic reaction or a non-allergic but more severe reaction than experienced at the end of the previous season (Lay article: https://www.newscientist.com/article/dn16071-a-sting-a-day-keeps-the-allergy-away/). Additionally, the lethal dose of bee venom for 50% of the population tested about10 stings per pound of flesh, although


Liz Walsh is a graduate student at the Rangel Honey Bee Lab, Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University. She can be reached at [email protected]

FAQs continued

some sources say 9 stings (Merck Manual of Diagnosis and Therapy). That means that if a beekeeper weighs 200 lbs., it would take a minimum of around 1800 stings to give the beekeeper a 50% chance of death due to the stings. That is quite a lot and can be easily avoided by utilizing proper protective equipment while working with bees.

Now, in the case of someone who is exhibiting anaphylactic shock in response to bee venom—anaphylactic shock—epinephrine would be important to have available. Epinephrine can be made available by getting the victim to a hospital immediately or by injecting it to the thigh in the field with an epipen. A dose of epinephrine will open airways in the throat to enable the victim to breath. However, an epipen will not save a victim a trip to the emergency room— it just gives them more time to get there. Professional medical help is essential after using an epipen because the victim may need a second dose of epinephrine, may have a bad reaction to epinephrine, or may be experiencing other complications. In some instances, a second epipen may need to be administered in the field if the victim is not able to get to medical personnel fast enough, but this is not advisable except under extreme circumstances.

Epipens have a very low likelihood of actually being used in the bee yard. After all, very few people are allergic to honey bee venom. That said, perhaps erring on the side of caution would be a good thing to do if you are financially able. With recent media attention to the rising cost of epipens, it appears that the cost will likely go down in the near future. However, if one chooses to get an epipen, it is vital that one learn how to correctly apply it and this is particularly true if one invests in buying epinephrine in forms other than epipens. While epipens are very expensive compared to simply buying epinephrine, the cost is due to the easy application method rather than the actual dose of epinephrine.

Perhaps the recent shock over the cost of epipens can facilitate discussion in beekeeping organizations and between beekeepers and the public. I urge beekeeping clubs and associations to consider having registered nurses or medical doctors guest speak about bee allergies and reactions to venom; information about bee stings and reactions to bee venom is something that all beekeepers should have. I also urge beekeepers to educate the public about the difference between an allergy which culminates in a victim experiencing anaphylactic shock compared to a simple and expected bout of swelling and itching due to being injected with venom.

Best in beekeeping,Liz


Hi Dennis,I haven't talked nor e-mailed you for some time now. I guess being in my mid-eighties I’m getting too old to work with the hobby of beekeeping. Last winter during the first freeze I lost my observation bees. I took my observation hive apart, cleaned and painted it. Last fall I lost four hives with dead bees on the ground in front of the hive. I lost another hive to moths. I only have six hives left this year and none of them have produced honey to the capping stage. One hive shows very little activity of bees going in and out. Early this year there was lots of activity. In all the years I have been working with the bees, I have never seen this type of thing and have always had honey by June. I know that it was real hot and dry last year and lots of bees died because of this type of weather. We had lots of rain early this year and plants bloomed early and then it turned dry again. Now the bees are foraging for water. I’m sure that I will not be able to continue with the hobby much longer, because my knees don’t bend like they used to and I can’t work the bees like I should. Robert

Hello Robert,For folks like us, who have had bees throughout our entire lifetime, are the ones who will find it the hardest to let our bees go when that time arrives. The thought of waking up, looking out the window and not seeing our hives across the way is unimaginable. It would be like losing your best friend. The greatest consolation of all is at least we had the opportunity to share in one of God's most fascinating creatures during our stay here. We can relive and take with us those wonderful moments in our memory forever. We have truly been blessed!

Remember: "Old Beekeepers Never Die, They Just Buzz Off."Dennis Brown

by Dennis Brown

X•Y•ZsAdvanced Beekeeping

Dennis Brown is the author of “Beekeeping: A Personal Journey” and “Beekeeping: Questions and Answers." Contact Dennis at www.lonestarfarms.net.

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Bee ScienceAmerican Bee Research Conference / American Association of Professional Apiculturists MeetingJanuary 8, 2016 • Jacksonville, FL

Pernal1, S.F., S.E. Hoover2, M.M. Guarna1 – EFFECTS OF FUMAGILLIN TREATMENT AND SUPPLEMENTAL FEEDING ON COLONY PRODUCTIVITY AND SURVIVAL

We undertook a large-scale experiment to determine what effect manipulation of management factors, specifically treatment for Nosema spp. with fumagillin and provision of supplemental nutrition, had on honey bee (Apis mellifera) colony productivity, pathogen levels and survival. The experiment was conducted under three diverse honey bee management paradigms in Canada, those being honey production in Northern Alberta, hybrid canola seed pollination in Southern Alberta, and lowbush blueberry pollination in Prince Edward Island. At each location, three apiaries of 40 colonies were used, for a total of 360 in the experiment assessed over a two-year period. Experimental manipulations consisted of provision or non-provision of the following treatments and their combinations: 1. Supplemental protein patties (454 g patties comprised of 25% (w/w) milled, irradiated Brassica napus pollen, defatted soy flour, dried yeast and sucrose syrup) applied to colonies during periods of pollen dearth, and 2.

Fall application of fumagillin dicyclohexamide (Fumagilin-B®; DIN 02231180; Medivet Pharmaceuticals, High River, AB) in sugar syrup at 200 mg a.i. per colony. Infestation levels of Varroa destructor were not manipulated in colonies and controlled by the use of fall and spring treatments of amitraz strips (Apivar®) at label dose rates. Colonies were intensively visually assessed for clinical symptoms of disease and had adult bee and brood areas measured during early May, late June, late August and late October in 2014 and 2015. Samples of adult bees were also collected on dry ice during these time periods for the determination of parasite and pathogen loads, as well as all major honey bee viruses, using molecular analyses. In addition, pollen was collected throughout the season to determine agricultural pesticide exposure and surplus honey production was determined from each colony by weight. Changes in these variables were analyzed to determine which was most greatly associated with nutrition and fumagillin treatments, as well as overall colony loss. Initial results appear to be highly specific to the management paradigm in which the bees were situated, especially blueberry pollination where colonies performed the poorest. Supplemental protein feeding had no general effect on colony productivity measurements; increases were only detected during specific time points in regions where forage sources may be limiting. Treatment with fumagillin had several positive effects on colony outcomes including: 1. Suppressing Nosema spp. loads in colonies after treatment, 2. Improving rates of winter survival, 3. Lowering Nosema spp. loads of colonies following winter, and 4. Increasing honey yield. Determination of parasite loads in adult bee samples showed that colonies originating from New Zealand package bees were predominantly infected with N. apis. Nevertheless, after one year N. ceranae was found to be the dominant species in these colonies and similar to colonies which were founded from North American sources of bees. The Trypanosomatid parasite Crithidia mellificae was found to be common in all colonies examined. Increased frequency of C. mellificae detection over the experiment was also associated with higher levels of Nosema spp. infection as well as higher colony weight loss during winter. Overall, increased incidence


Bee Science cont'd

of clinical disease symptoms in colonies were found to be highly associated with decreases in honey production (F = 8.49; df = 1,170; P=0.004) and reduced fall adult bee populations (F=8.08; df=1,164; P=0.005), suggesting that the disease status may be the most influential determinant of colony outcomes in cold temperate climates.

Corresponding Author:[email protected]: 780-354-5135 Fax: 780-354-5150

Author Affiliations: 1Agriculture & Agri-Food Canada, Beaverlodge Research Farm, P.O. Box 29, Beaverlodge, AB Canada T0H 0C0. 2Alberta Agriculture and Forestry, Lethbridge Agriculture Centre, 100-5401 - 1 Ave South, Lethbridge, AB, Canada T1J 4V6

Ramsey, S.D., D. vanEngelsdorp DETERMINATION OF FEEDING PREFERENCE OF A HONEY BEE PARASITIC MITE (VARROA DESTRUCTOR)

Apis mellifera has a whole suite of forces working against it in a confluence of factors that we need to better understand in order to mitigate its decline. Chief among these factors appears to be the ubiquitous nature of varroa mites in managed bee colonies over the past 4 decades. Very few studies if any have been conducted to verify the often repeated claim that varroa mites feed on the hemolymph of immature and adult bees. In this study, honey bees were collected from several varroa mite infested colonies maintained by the University of Maryland, and the placement of each mite on each honey bee was recorded. These mites only fed where the fat body was present suggesting that this tissue could compose a significant portion of the mite’s diet. To test this potential connection, we fed 175 adult honey bees a lipophilic dye that would adhere to the fat body of the bee and a hydrophilic dye that would remain in the hemolymph; the levels of which were then measured via spectrophotometer in varroa mites allowed to feed on those bees. The fat body, a sample of hemolymph, and the digestive tract were also removed from each bee and fluorescence from each associated dye was measured in each. The results suggest that fat body composes a greater portion of the mite’s diet than hemolymph.

Samuel Ramsey, 4146 Plant Science Bldg, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742. [email protected] Dennis vanEngelsdorp, 3158 Plant Sciences Bldg, College Park, MD 20742-4454. [email protected]

Rangel, J., Huang, Z., Lau, P., Sullivan, J. P., Cabrera A. R. & Ellis, J. PESTICIDES FOUND IN POLLEN AND NECTAR COLLECTED BY HONEY BEES IN URBAN ENVIRONMENTS

Nectar and pollen samples from commercial apiaries have been shown to contain pesticides in various concentrations and diversity. In contrast, is not clear whether stationary honey bee colonies placed in an urban setting are exposed to more or fewer pesticides, and at what concentrations, compared to hives from


Bee Science cont'd

commercial operations. It is be possible that colonies in urban environments are exposed to fewer pesticides if foragers have access to wild flowers, or untreated gardens. However, it is also possible that some urban home gardens may actually be treated with more pesticides at higher concentrations, thus increasing the potential exposure of foragers to these chemicals. In this study, conducted in four states across the United States, we sampled honey bee colonies located in urban settings monthly to determine the type and concentration of pesticides found in fresh nectar and pollen, and compared them to the pesticide levels already known for commercial apiaries.

In July 2014 we started collecting monthly nectar and pollen samples from multiple colonies in urban areas of CA, FL, MI and TX (N= 13 to 15 colonies per state). We collected nectar by locating uncapped, fresh nectar that had been stored in cells <24 h prior to sampling. We collected pollen by engaging front entrance pollen traps 1-2 days prior to sampling. All samples were stored in dry ice and sent to an independent USDA laboratory in Gastonia, NC, for pesticide residue analysis. Each nectar and pollen sample was tested for 179 different types of insecticides and fungicides.

Preliminary results indicate that in all locations across all states, the prevalence and loads of the pesticides found were lower compared to those that have been reported for commercial colonies, suggesting that stationary honey bee colonies in urban environments are relatively “clean” in terms of inadvertent exposure to pesticides. We discuss the implications of these findings.

Authors:Juliana Rangel, Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX. E-mail: [email protected]. Phone no.: 979-845-1074.Zachary Y. Huang, Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI Pierre Lau, Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX Joseph Sullivan, Ardea Consulting, Woodland, CA Ana Cabrera, Bayer CropScience LP / Pollinator Safety, Research Triangle Park, NC James D. Ellis , Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL

Fumagillin Exposure Suppresses Reactive Oxygen Species Production in Honey Bee Hemocytes Rodney T Richardson1, John W Christman2 and Reed M Johnson11Department of Entomology, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH; 2Section of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OHThe gut-infecting microsporidia, Nosema apis and Nosema ceranae, are economically important pathogens of the honey bee, Apis mellifera. A drug, fumagillin, is registered for the treatment of Nosema infections, but the side effects of fumagillin exposure in honey bees are poorly studied. We used an oxidant sensitive, fluorogenic dye to measure hemocyte reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, an important innate immune function. Across a dose-response gradient of fumagillin exposure, ranging from 0.002 to 9.1 ppm, larval honey bee hemocytes exhibited decreased ROS production. Results indicate that fumagillin exposure disrupts normal innate immune function in honey bees by inhibiting hemocyte ROS production.


Bee Science cont'd

The Search for Effective Varroacides: Paths ForwardDick Rogers, Daniel Schmehl*, Kim Huntzinger, and Jim DempsterBayer Bee Care Center, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709*Presenting author

Abstract: Varroa destructor is arguably the number one enemy of honey bees and it is responsible for the majority of colony losses, either directly, or in combination with associated stressors. Currently registered varroacides are not efficacious enough to reliably manage Varroa, either because of low innate efficacy, or increases in non-susceptible mites in hives as a result of resistance development. One current product that typically is highly efficacious has been reported to be losing efficacy, and if this happens, there will be serious consequences for the honey bee industry. Beekeepers are requesting a new active ingredient with a unique mode of action from preexisting miticides. While this is an area of research that may indeed yield the desired results eventually, the development of a new active ingredient is part of a long-term solution. In the meantime, there is still the need for effective varroacides. We have identified paths forward where our Bayer Bee Care Center can contribute and make progress in both the short-term and long-term. Also, we will highlight the results of varroacide efficacy testing that is being done by our Center in an effort to understand the status of miticide resistance in the US and to aid in the discovery of the genetic mechanism of resistance.


Bee Science cont'd

Walsh, E.M. & J. Rangel – THE SYNERGISTIC EFFECTS OF IN-HIVE MITICIDES ON HONEY BEE QUEEN RETINUE RESPONSE

Honey bee populations continue to decline in part due to the parasitic mite Varroa destructor, which often causes colonies to collapse and die. Varroa mites were originally controlled with the organophosphate coumaphos (Checkmite+®) and the pyrethroid fluvalinate (Apistan®) upon their initial invasion of US apiaries. Although they are no longer used (due to the development of mite resistance to both products), coumaphos and fluvalinate are still found at high concentrations in commercial colonies across the country, likely due to their long half life and their absorption into the lipophilic wax (Mullin et al. 2010 PLoS ONE 5:e9754). This is of particular concern because sublethal levels of these miticides have been shown to cause colony-wide health problems. To date, most studies on the effects of miticides on colony health have either not used field-relevant concentrations of miticides, or have not explored the potential synergistic effects of combinations of miticides on colony performance (Haarmann et al. 2002 J. Econ. Entomol. Burley, 2007 Master’s Thesis).

In this study, we explored whether the combined presence of coumaphos and fluvalinate in the queen-rearing beeswax environment has an effect on queen attractiveness to workers. We did so by raising queens in pesticide free beeswax, or beeswax containing field relevant concentrations of both coumaphos (9.4 ppm) and fluvalinate (20.4 ppm) as reported by Mullin et al. (2010). We grafted one-day-old worker larvae into plastic queen cups previously coated with ≈200 mg of either pesticide-free or contaminated beeswax. Upon successful mating, caged queens were introduced into three-frame observation hives. Two days later, and once accepted by the workers, the queens were released and the size of the queen’s retinue (i.e., the number of workers feeding, grooming, and antennating the queen) was point sampled for 1 min every 5 min, several times per day. Comparisons of the average worker retinue size per queen type showed that queens reared in pesticide-free beeswax attracted significantly larger worker retinues than queens reared in miticide-laden beeswax (see figure).

We then conducted a cage bioassay whereby five-day-old workers were exposed to queen mandibular gland extracts from mated queens of both treatment types. The average number of workers attracted to mandibular gland extracts of queens reared in pesticide-free beeswax was significantly higher than for extracts from queens reared in miticide-laden beeswax. Mandibular gland extracts of both queen types are currently being analyzed with GC/MS to detect differences in the relative amounts of gland-produced compounds between queen types.

Our results indicate that exposure to combinations of miticides during queen development severely alters worker behavior, which may have direct implications on overall colony productivity.

Figure 1. The overall average number of workers in each type of queen’s retinue. Statistical significance is indicated with the asterisk and was determined using a matched-pair t-test (t-ratio= 14.96; df= 859; p< 0.001).

Authors: Elizabeth Walsh, 412B Minnie Belle Heep Center, 2475 TAMU, College Station, TX 77843. [email protected]. Juliana Rangel, 412B Minnie Belle Heep Center, 2475 TAMU, College Station, TX 77843. [email protected]


Bee Science cont'd

Matisoff, M. A.1, T. C. Webster1 & C. Chubb2—NOSEMA POLAR TUBE MORPHOLOGY SUGGESTS INFECTIVE MECHANISMS WITHIN HONEY BEE MIDGUTS.

Nosema apis and N. ceranae are spore-forming, intracellular parasites. As for all Microsporidia, the spore form contains an infection apparatus known as the polar tube. After a spore has been ingested by a honey bee, the polar tube everts from the spore very quickly.

We are evaluating Biovision software originally developed by one of us (Chubb) for analysis of pathological tangles and plaques in the brain tissue of people with Alzheimer’s disease. We have been able to “teach” the software to identify the shape of a spore in a micrograph and then count objects with that shape. By this method we can quickly count Nosema spores in a micrograph. We hope to develop it further to identify and quantify Nosema polar tubes, including the total length of multiple tubes in a micrograph. This would have considerable utility because the length of the tubes may correspond to the ability of the spores to infect bees. The tubes are otherwise difficult to measure and count. Possibly, the extent of spiral structures we have observed in everted N. apis tubes will be quantified also.

1College of Agriculture, Food Science, and Sustainable Systems, Kentucky State University, Frankfort KY 2Department of Cognitive Sciences, and Institute for Mathematical Behavioral Sciences, University of California, Irvine CAphone 502-597-5682 e-mail [email protected] fax 502-597-5933

Webster, T. C. – ON-LINE APICULTURE: METHODS FOR DISTANCE TEACHING BEE AND POLLINATION BIOLOGY

The use of distance teaching of college courses has become widespread, largely so that students far from campus may be accommodated and so that classroom space in brick-and-mortar facilities can be conserved. Apiculture is one such course now taught at Kentucky State University every year. I make several suggestions based on my experience in teaching Apiculture and Pollination Biology.

This is a biology course in the context of our College of Agriculture. While some of the material is useful for beekeepers, it is not a beekeeping course. The course consists of about 44 lectures, beginning with the placement of honey bees within the world of invertebrate biology, and their biogeography. Following these lectures are discussions of bee morphology, growth and development of the individual bees, colony phenology, and colony dynamics. The latter includes pheromones, trophallaxis, dance behavior, foraging, temperature regulation, nest site selection and nest architecture. Honey bee reproduction includes mating, queen and drone physiology, genetics, breeding, and instrumental insemination. The set of lectures termed “Troubles in the hive” cover recent issues with mites, pesticides, diseases, commercial pollination, and African bees. Pollination biology includes practical aspects by which beekeepers manage hives for pollination and also the biology of non-Apis pollination. Hive products and their chemistry are explained, as are novel applications for beekeeping. Through the course, the methods by which the science is uncovered are discussed. In particular, two


Bee Science cont'd

controversies are explained. These are the disagreements about (1) the significance of the waggle dance performed by returned forager bees, and (2) the northern limits we might expect for African bees and genes in North America. These have been two very different controversies, and are now generally resolved.

College of Agriculture, Food Science, and Sustainable Systems, Kentucky State University, Frankfort, KYphone 502-597-5682 e-mail [email protected] fax 502-597-5933

Webster, T. C., M. A. Matisoff & C. Butler – NOSEMA SPORE DETECTION BY OPTICAL METHODS

Nosema apis and N. ceranae are often quantified by either qPCR or by counting spores on a light microscope hemacytometer. The first of these is highly sensitive but relatively slow and requires advanced instrumentation. Routine spore examination by light microscopy is much less sensitive than qPCR and does not distinguish between the species of Nosema. We employ light microscopy to evaluate specific aspects of Nosema spores, including those that we are able to germinate on microscope slides. This germination event is triggered by some property of the midgut lumen. The polar tube becomes a conduit for the sporoplasm to reach and enter the host midgut epithelial cell. To do so, the polar tube must pass through the bee peritrophic matrix and the epithelial cell wall. However, the tube is only 0.1 micron in diameter and often over 100 microns long. Consequently, the tube would not seem to have the rigidity needed to pass through the peritrophic matrix and the host cell membrane.

We have observed a “corkscrew” shape taken by portions of N. apis tubes everted from spores on microscope slides. This shape resembles that of spirocheate bacteria, which also must pass through host tissue. Possibly, this is an adaptation for the entry of the polar tube through the honey bee peritrophic matrix and the midgut epithelial cell membranes. In general, only a portion of a tube is spiral. Most of the tube is linear.

To this point, the spirals appear to be specific to N. apis :. we have not seen such structures on polar tubes everted from N. ceranae spores. However, not all germinated N. apis display spiral polar tubes, so they cannot be used to distinguish them from N. ceranae.

We encourage the use of phase contrast and dark-field filters when observing spores by light microscopy. They show the spores more vividly and in much greater detail than bright-field optics. Fluorescent stains bind to the chitin in the spore coat (calcofluor, fluorescing blue-white) or enter spores with ruptured membranes (trypan blue, fluorescing rose-red).

College of Agriculture, Food Science, and Sustainable Systems, Kentucky State University, Frankfort KYphone 502-597-5682 e-mail [email protected] fax 502-597-5933


Bee Science cont'd

Butler, C., M. A. Matisoff & T. C. Webster -- HISTOLOGICAL EXAMINATION OF THE PERITROPHIC MATRIX FOLLOWING NOSEMA SPP INFECTION

Honey bees are exposed to numerous saprophytic and pathogenic microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, protozoa, and fungi. Anatomical and physiological barriers, such as the peritrophic membranes (PMs) play a significant role in preventing pathogens from penetrating the midgut. The PMs play an important, if somewhat nebulous, role in the “first-line-of-defense”. If the PM is damaged or breached, the pathogens infect the midgut cells and reproduce. In this study, we evaluated the PM’s role as a barrier in Nosema infections. Nosema are relatively large pathogens compared to most viruses and bacteria. Nosema apis and N. ceranae belong to the phylum Microspora—obligate intracellular parasites that have a highly complex and unique infection apparatus known as a “polar tube”. Nosema spores lack mitochrondria, thus are unable to reproduce until they infiltrate the host bee’s epithelial cells. Microsporidia are thought to lack typical eukaryotic organelles such as mitochondria and peroxisomes. In this study, we used histological methods to identify several anatomical structures of the midgut and to examine the patterns of infection in honey bees fed spores in sucrose solution.

College of Agriculture, Food Science and Sustainable Systems, Kentucky State University, Frankfort KYphone 502-597-5682 e-mail [email protected] fax 502-597-5933

Insect Democracy: Do Honey bees (Apis mellifera) Select the Best Queens?

James M. Withrow and David R. TarpyDepartment of EntomologyCapus Box 7613North Carolina State UniversityRaleigh, NC 27695-7613

The evolution of complex social behavior in honey bees (Apis mellifera) is driven by multiple and sometimes opposing forces of selection. These opposing forces are apparent when workers must select larvae to rear as emergency replacement queens, when worker fitness is in opposition with overall colony fitness. This choice is crucial as the queen is the sole reproductive in the colony and her traits impact every aspect of colony functioning. Despite this significance, emergency queen rearing remains a poorly understood behavior in honey bees. This study tests for the existence of purportedly “royal” subfamilies preferred for queen rearing and examines the possibility the possibility that queen selection is driven by caste-independent reproductive traits.


Bee Science cont'd

A survey of Israeli Acute Paralysis Virus in all levels of development of Apis mellifera and the impact of the virus on queens. By: Wendy Zuluaga, Samantha Mcpherson, and Anissa Kennedy

Thirteen honey bee queens were placed into nuclear colonies (nucs) supplied with workers from a single apiary. Honey bee eggs, capped brood, and adults in the nucs were screened for Israeli Acute Paralysis Virus (IAPV) using real time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) over a two-month period. Ten of the twelve nucs tested positive for IAPV in the eggs, capped brood, and/or adults. In addition, the effect of the injection and feeding of IAPV was tested on two day old workers. A series of dilutions was tested on the workers in order to establish a sublethal dose in which the workers lived for a week. All dilutions higher than 10-6 resulted in the death of the organism within two days post injection. Due to a limited sample size only the injection route was tested on mated queens using the established sublethal dose of 10-6. Six out of the eight queens died two days post injection while the other two were placed into sealed nucs to monitor the spread of IAPV. However, none of the queens continued to lay eggs. When the nucs were opened on the 7th day, the queens were deceased. This suggested the queens were more susceptible to either the virus titers or the wounding than the workers.

Wendy Zuluaga, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, 1400 Spring Garden St, Greensboro, NC 27412 (336) 334-5000 PI: Olav Rueppell

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Beekeeping 'Round the GlobeMorocco by Melanie Kirby

Let me take you on a magic carpet ride across the Atlantic to the mystifying land of Morocco, one `of North Africa’s jewels. It all started with an email. My friend Liz Walsh (who is a doctoral student at the Texas A&M Rangel Bee Lab and who also is one of Kelley Beekeeping Q&A contributors), forwarded me an interesting correspondence from a Houston beekeeper named Rachid El Khazerri. The email shared that Rachid has a vision to connect Moroccan beekeepers with technical assistance from American beekeepers.

As fate would have it, Rachid had thought that a queen breeder would be a good team member to take along on his first Morocco-America beekeepers excursion. As destiny would have it, I was that queen breeder. I had never travelled to Africa- so I wasn’t sure what to expect. And as the cosmos would have it, I was not only impressed with Morocco and her beekeepers, but also truly inspired.

I was told before going that the team would be composed of myself along with an urban beekeeper from Austin named Tara Chapman, a Jordanian bee epidemiologist and Mr. El Khazerri, himself a new beekeeper. Mr. El Khazerri is originally from Morocco. He left Morocco to North America to seek his future 25 years ago. When he first arrived to Vancouver, he found the weather quite cold. So he ventured to Pennsylvania where he found it still a little too cold for his taste. A buddy of his was living in Texas, so he decided to check it out…and within a few years, he had mastered the English language and studied to be an emergency room nurse.

Mr. El Khazerri is a Muslim (Islamic), and being that I knew nothing about that, upon meeting him, I found myself asking and learning about Islam, one of the world’s oldest religions. When we landed in Rabat, Morocco, we were escorted by his brother, Brahim. Brahim took us all over the country in his stylish Peugot. Our second day in Rabat (after sleeping half a day from jet lag), he took us to visit the tomb of


'Round the Globe cont'd

Mohammed VI. On this day, I learned about the 5 pillars of Islam. The 2nd pillar dictates that all Muslims should offer up at least 10% of their earnings to those less fortunate. And that is how Rachid’s vision began to take shape.

He has recently become a beekeeper in Houston. And since he was new to the scientific artistry of bee husbandry, he began to converse with Moroccan beekeepers via online forums, in the effort to learn about beekeeping in his native tongue. His online interactions presented the notion that Moroccan beekeepers AND American beekeepers could learn a lot from each other. And it was then that his vision of fulfilling the 2nd pillar and sharing technical expertise, could benefit both Moroccan and American beekeepers.

I had not had opportunity before this trip to interact with any Muslims. In my area of the U.S. there are more Catholics than any other religion so my only impressions of Muslims was from what I heard on the news. I had heard from others who had visited Morocco that, and I quote, “Morocco is the coolest Muslim nation.” To what degree, I did not know…but I found out quickly that because it is a mix of cultures (from Arabs and Moors to French and Spanish and African roots) with connections to the Atlantic and Mediterranean waters, it is indeed a super stylish, intelligent, culturally diverse and amazing country. I also did not anticipate that it would have so many similarities with my home state of New Mexico: deserts in the southwest and mountains in the north. They build homes with mud similar to the adobe edifices in New Mexico Pueblo cultures. They also are skilled with working with clay, wood, metal, tile,



leather, fiber and textiles. Everything from the exquisite rugs and blankets pictured here. To lamp works and tiled furniture.

To plush upholstery and lavish attire, Morocco presents an ancient tapestry of cultures that promote wholeness via their geometric and Arabesque designs, their flavorful foods and teas, and their gratitude to existence.

The second day of my tour of Morocco, we travelled to Azrou, in the Atlas mountains where we visited with beekeepers who do everything from honey production to queen breeding. We had been told by Rachid that beekeepers in Morocco tend to work their bees during the night, when bees are supposedly “tamer”. Our visit this particular day was at high noon, so I wasn’t sure if I needed to suit up completely or brave the elements, so to speak. But, the big surprise came when after reviewing a few hives, I ventured forward without a veil and no gloves and handled several Apis Mellifera Mellifera hives.

The bees are surprisingly gentle, given that there was no high nectar flow (we visited during the hottest part of the summer), and there were lots of hives in this spot, no robbing behavior, no aggressiveness. One of the beekeepers, who had been keeping bees for 30 years decided he would take his veil off, asking for a very quick picture before he lost his courage. He did not get stung- none of us did that day. He was thrilled afterwards and we all learned a new trick that day.



Our trip continued to expose us to all sorts of delights-from the savory couscous (the national dish) and fresh grilled catch of the day...

To varietal honeys of origan (oregano), jujube, rosemary, desert wildflower…

Salty and colorful olives and every spice imaginable...

To travelling to Marrakech and seeing turbaned flautists blowing exotic melodic tunes to swaying cobras, to seeing goats in argan trees...



Melanie and Tara riding camels on the beach where the Meditteranean meets the Atlantic

Attending a Moroccan wedding feast (which lasts all night!)

To seeing Fantasia horseback racing...

And visiting Chefchaoua—known as the Blue City north of Tangiers across the Straits of Gibraltar from Tarifa, Spain.


Melanie buying local honey from a Chefchaoua beekeeper...

We visited additional beekeepers in Agadir, which resembled Arizona with lush cacti and other spiny succulents and lots of figs.

Abdullah took us to visit his breeding apiary, where I got to experience the gentle nature of Apis Mellifera Sahariensis. I was so impressed with their heat tolerance and serene productivity.

I learned from Abdullah, that there is a sincere need to preserve their bee genetics, as the introduction of Buckfast for commercial pollination and honey production is diluting the region’s locally adapted genetics. We agree with each other, that there is a need to conserve all bees, and to designate preservation areas so that individual species and hybrids can coexist and respect landscapes.

By the end of the trip, I know I have made friends and beekeeping peers for life.


Melanie Kirby has been keeping bees professionally for over 20 years. She specializes in longevity-based queen breeding and serves as an international consultant on sustainable beekeeping concepts and practices. She was recently appointed to the American Honeybee Germplasm Repository Program board, which is a new national committee dedicated to preserving and sharing honeybee stock. She can be reached at [email protected]


Apitherapy2016 Charles Mraz Apitherapy Course and Conference

SAVE THE DATE 2016 Charles Mraz Apitherapy Course and Conference (CMACC)

October 21-23, 2016The Redondo Beach Hotel • 400 N. Harbor Drive • Redondo Beach, CA 90277

The American Apitherapy Society proudly announces its 20th annual Charles Mraz Apitherapy Course &Conference to be held in the beautiful beach community of Redondo Beach, CA located just 15 minutes south of Los Angeles International Airport (LAX). Invest in your health and join us for a weekend of Apitherapy while perhaps extending your stay in the area to enjoy the many ocean front activities this area has to offer such as bicycling, kayaking, sailing, or just enjoying the miles of white sandy beaches, the boardwalk, restaurants, shops, and unrivaled sunsets of the Pacific ocean.

Medical doctors, a spectrum of holistic health practitioners, veterinarians, researchers, backyard beekeepers, and members of the general public interested in self-reliant health care will convene from all over the United states and the world to learn about apitherapy. Apitherapy, an ancient healing modality, refers to the therapeutic use of products from the beehive: honey, pollen, royal jelly, propolis, and bee venom therapy.

Attendees will receive basic training in the therapeutic properties of each of the hive products including a hands on bee venom therapy session where participants obtain practical experience with this amazing healing practice. Presentations are given by the CMACC faculty who are some of the most prominent and experienced apitherapists in the world. Examples of material covered in these presentations are allergic reactions, techniques of BVT, informed consent and legal issues, propolis and cancer, lyme disease, Parkinson’s disease, veterinary apitherapy, wound healing, and much more. Certificates of completion will be available to all participants.

The AAS is a nonprofit membership organization established for the purpose of education in the advancement of Apitherapy. CMACC has been named in memory of Charles Mraz, an American pioneer in the use of bee venom to treat diseases.

All CMACC 2016 information and registration is now available at www.apitherapy.org where you can view all CMACC information and register for the course online. Conference information will also be shared and distributed via our free monthly newsletter from now until the conference date to include any updates or changes. You can sign up to receive our newsletter via a link at the bottom of the home page on our website.

There is an early registration incentive with reduced fees for those registering by Monday August 15, 2016 so BE AN EARLY BEE and don’t miss out on this opportunity! A Saturday night sunset happy hour/dinner banquet will be held on the water at the R10 Social house in Redondo Beach within walking distance of the Redondo Beach Hotel giving attendees the opportunity to mingle with the AAS Board, the faculty, and others involved with Apitherapy. Membership or a one year renewal to AAS is included with the course fee. For further questions please contact the AAS office at [email protected].

Looking forward to seeing you there!


Bee Arts50,000 Bees Mural by Matthew Willey

This month’s Kelley Beekeeping cover image is by artist Matthew Willey -- the founder of The Good of the Hive Initiative who has committed to personally paint 50,000 honeybees – the number necessary for a healthy, thriving hive – in murals around the world. Through art and imagination, The Good of the Hive raises awareness about the current struggle and population decline of honeybees while celebrating their incredible behaviors.

The Good of the Hive Initiative begins with the struggle of the honeybees, but it also views the hive as a metaphor for communities of people. Honeybees within the hive ‘think’ collectively; their immune system is collective: the health of the individual is based on the health of the collective. Whether that community is an actual honeybee hive or a community of human artists, kids in a school, military veterans, gay people, women with cancer, marginalized people, skateboarders, or the American people as a whole, the health and success of the individual relies heavily on the connections within the group – and consequently between the groups within the greater society.

When we connect, we thrive. This is the essence of The Good of the Hive Initiative. Matthew realized over the course of the last five years of obsessing about honeybees that his own path as an artist was more aligned to its truth when it was being channeled toward connection–connection to the honeybees, as well as to the hive in which he lives.

About MattThroughout his twenty-four year career of painting murals, Matthew Willey has brought original, one-of-a-kind beauty to walls of homes and businesses throughout the US. By combining the abilities of designer, scenic artist and painter, this skilled visionary craftsman literally spins line, tone and atmosphere from the bristles of his brush. The murals seem to grow, one stroke, one texture at a time, as he weaves the walls through his imagination.


Bee Arts cont'd

Mural painting has been the base of his work throughout his career, but he also creates works on canvas, has written four screenplays and co-founded an educational company making Homer’s Odyssey and Greek mythology more accessible for teachers and students. His work has been featured in Veranda Magazine (cover), The Home & Garden Section of the New York Times, Interior Design Magazine and many other publications. He currently divides his time between New York City and Asheville, NC.

MissionTo create art, multi-platform content and digital media engagement inspired by the powerful connection between honeybee hives and human societies.


Bee Thinking About MiteGone

HELLO FELOW BEEKEEPERS. Pass this onto your clubs and friends.

Are the mites threatening you? ARE you a new Beekeeper? Did someone tell you that in your first year you do not need to treat or treat in October? THOSE are bad tall stories. You MUST treat before the mites can damage your winter bees; and that is when Queen reduces laying:In northern states, high country, and prairie states; time is last week of August, September in South California and Southern states. Mid October on Florida peninsula or Hawaii. It also cleans Nosema, Chalk brood, and Wax moth. In Florida tests did repel SHB.

Many treatments cannot be used at that time but MiteGone CAN. Read and see: http://www.mitegone.com

The second treatment almost everywhere is in mid April. Exemption ALMOND & FRUIT POLINATORS: Treat when you prepare hives to go into pollination it not only cleans your hives but prevents re-infestation from other hives.

The pads in kits comes dry, acid comes from your local supplier: chemical outlets like UNIVAR, farm co-ops or Grower supplies.

You or your friends can sign up for yearly Updates: http://www.mitegone.com/forms/Treatment%20Help%20and%20Checklist.doc

You can also become local distributor & be listed on: http://www.mitegone.com/commercialsales.asp Thank you, Bill Ruzicka, Bill’s Honey Farm – Home of the MiteGone Formic Acid Treatment2910 Glenmore Road North Kelowna, British Columbia, CANADA V1V 2B6 Phone/Fax 1-250-762-8156 (the best way to reach me is by phone Pacific Time) Email: [email protected] (include your phone number so I can call you back)Website: www.mitegone.com


BeePods

5 Tips TO Start on the Path Towards a SUSTAINABLE LIFESTYLE

How Honey Bees Will Improve Your WellbeingVisit this link for more information http://unbouncepages.com/sustainable-living-honey-bees/ Beepods, 16520 La Vela Circle Upper, Brookfield, Wisconsin 53005 United States

World Food Day and the Food Week of ActionOctober 9-17, 2015 We are called to work for a world where everyone has sufficient, healthy and culturally appropriate food and those who produce and prepare the food are fairly compensated, respected and celebrated! Global Food Week of Action begins on Sunday, October 9 and includes the International Day for Rural Women, October 15, World Food Day on Sunday, October 16 and the International Day for the Eradication of Poverty, October 17.

Bee Thinking About cont'd


Ten Commandments of Food I. Eat food grown as close as possible to where you live.II. Give thanks for the food you eat.III. Strive for all people to have knowledge about and access to affordable, nutritious food.IV. Eat mindfully and in moderation.V. Do not waste food.VI. Be grateful to those who grow and prepare food for your table.VII. Support fair wages for farm workers, farmers and food workers.VIII. Reduce environmental damage of land, water & air from food production & the food system.IX. Protect the biodiversity of seeds, soils, ecosystems and the cultures of food producersX. Rejoice and share the sacred gift of food with all. Developed by the World Council of Churches’ General Secretary Rev. Dr. Olav Fykse Tveit and the Ecumenical Advocacy Alliance’s Food for Life Strategy Working Group, 2016. TAKE ACTION, GET UPDATES, and ANNOUNCE your participation on the Food Week Facebook event page at bit.ly/fbfoodweek; you can download liturgies, resources and more at pcusa.org/foodweek

Bee Thinking About cont'd

BEE CULTURE34 March 2016

A CASE FOR HONEYOur case of honey is lling nicely this winter. Speak-

ers committed so far include Dan Conlon, Warm Colors Apiaries, Massachusetts; Bob Binnie, Blue Ridge Hon-ey Company, Georgia; Dave Shene eld, Clover Blos-som Honey, Indiana; Steve Conlon, ThistleDew Honey, West Virginia; Roger Stark, Howalt-McDowell Insurance, South Dakota, Joann Dunlevey RS, Food Safety Special-ist, Ohio Dept. of Ag; and a Representative of The FDA. Other speakers are rming up travel plans and will be announced as they become known.

This well rounded group has all aspects of this topic well covered. U.S. Producers, Packers, Producer/Pack-ers, Insurance and Risk Brokers, Marketing, and all the new Food Safety rules and regulations from both Federal and State level perspectives

Unfortunately, missing from this discussion will be the National Honey Board, the marketing arm of the honey industry, and those large packers and importers who have chosen to have their annual meeting on the same weekend. The coincidence has not gone unnoticed. The focus of this event will remain on promoting and informing ambitious US Honey Producers and Packers of U.S. Honey.

New this year will be a Friday Night Social held in Bee Culture’s Conference Center, the location of the Two day Conference on Saturday and Sunday. It’s a low-key, meet and greet with the speakers and attendees from 5pm to 7pm on Friday where you can pick up your fold-ers with speaker pro les, conference agenda, and lots of information on Medina’s dining and shopping opportu-nities. Supper afterwards is on your own but you’ll have plenty of places to choose from, and lots of people to join with.

Tuition is $150.00 per person which includes the Friday night social and classes and an exceptional lunch on Saturday and Sunday. On line Registration opens April 1, 2016.

Friday Night Social, October 21, and classes and lunch Saturday and Sunday October 22 & 23, Bee Cul-ture’s Conference Center, 640 W. Liberty St., Medina, Ohio. Register early.

Mark Your Calendars Now!

October 22 and 23, 2016 atBee Culture’s Conference Center

640 West Liberty StreetMedina, Ohio

Watch BeeCulture.com and these pages for program and registration information

Get Ready For BeeCulture’s Next Event

Bee CultureThe Magazine Of American Beekeeping


DON’T MISS OUT!Kelley Beekeeping is

looking for resale partners!

Ask yourself these questions:Is your local beekeeping community strong and active?Do you teach beekeeping classes?Would you like to run a business that aligns with your passion?

If you answered YES, we may have

an opportunity for you!

Contact Us TodayEmail: [email protected]

Or Call: 800-233-2899 ex. 213

September 2016

Virginia: Winter Prep Workshop with Gunter Haulk & Alex TuchmanSeptember 03-09, 2016Spikenard Farm Honeybee Sanctuary401 Hideaway Lane, Floyd, VAInfo: www.spikenardfarm.org

Pennsylvania: Philadelphia Honey FestivalSeptember 09-11, 2016 Info: www.phillyhoneyfest.com

North Carolina: Bee Healing GatheringSeptember 10 & 11, 2016Info: www.Beehealing.buzz

Ohio: East Central OH Beekeepers Conference featuring Michael Palmer, Dr. Tom Seeley, & Stephen Repasky, September 17, 2016 Zanesville Eagles #302 Conference Hall 1275 Market Street, Zanesville, OHInfo: www.e-coba.org

New Jersey: Rutgers Bee-ginners Beekeeping CourseSeptember 22-24, 2016Rutgers Eco Complex1200 Florence Columbus Rd. Bordentown Township, NJ 08505Info: www.cpe.rutgers.edu/courses/current/ae040ca.html

Kentucky: Kelley Beekeeping New Facility Ribbon CuttingSeptember 23, 2016Info: www.kelleybees.com

Virginia: Biodynamic Principles and PracticesSeptember 23-25, 2016Spikenard Farm & Honeybee SanctuaryFloyd, VAInfo: [email protected]

October 2016

Kentucky: Kelley Beekeeping 101 with Jake OsborneOctober 1, 2016WTK Facility, Clarkson, KYInfo: www.kelleybees.com

New York: 4th Annual Greater NY Bee Conference featuring Kristin Traynor, Dr. Peter Borst, and Dr. Richard FellOctober 9, 20162350 Broadhollow Road – Farmingdale- Long IslandInfo: www.longislandbeekeepers.org

Hawaii: Western Apicultural Society of North America Annual ConferenceOctober 13-15, 2016Ala Moana HotelWaikiki Beach Honolulu, HawaiiInfo: www.westernapiculturalsociety.org

Washington: West Sound Beekeepers Association featuring Michael BushOctober 22, 2016 Central Kitsap High School 3700 Anderson Hill Road - SilverdaleInfo: http://westsoundbees.org/

We’d love to share news of your upcoming events. Please send the event name, date, website and/or contact information by the 10th of each month for inclusion in the following month’s issue. [email protected]

Kansas: Kansas Honey Producers Association Fall ConferenceOctober 28 & 29, 2016Whisky Creed Wood Fired Grill Conference Room3203 Vine St.Hays, KansasInfo: www.kansashoneyproducers.org

Illinois: Illinois Queen Initiative with Dr. Megan Milbrath, Dr. Stu Jacobson, & Jim LandauOctober 29, 2016Asmark Institute Agricenter14171 Carole DriveBloomington, IllinoisInfo: Stu Jacobson at (217) 498-7223.

save the date! sept 23rd! - newpanda member...

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