www.cracksat.net TheSATQuestion-and-Answer ServiceJanuary 2015 AdministrationUseful Links:SAT Online Practice Tests: http://www.cracksat.net/tests/SAT Subjects Tests: http://www.cracksat.net/sat2/SAT Downloads: http://www.cracksat.net/sat-downloads/For more SAT information, please visit http://www.cracksat.netSAT Downloads:SAT real tests download:http://www.cracksat.net/sat-downloads/sat-real-tests.htmlSAT official guide tests download:http://www.cracksat.net/sat-downloads/sat-official-guide-tests.htmlSAT online course tests download:http://www.cracksat.net/sat-downloads/sat-online-course-tests.htmlSAT subject tests download:http://www.cracksat.net/sat-downloads/sat-subject-tests.htmlPSAT real tests download:http://www.cracksat.net/psat/download/1000+ College Admission Essay Samples:http://www.cracksat.net/college-admission/essays/z@rUnauthorizedcopyingor reuseofanypart ofthis pags is illegal.n@2SECTION 2Time - 25 minutes35 QuestionsTurn to Section 2 (page4) of youranswer sheet to answer the questions in thissection.Directions: For eachquestionin thissection,select the best answerfrom amongthe choicesgiven andfill in the correspondingcircleon the answersheet.Thefollowingsentencestest correctnessand effectivenessof expression.Partof eachsentenceor the entire sentenceis underlined;beneatheach sentencearefive waysofphrasingthe underlinedmaterial. Choice A repeatstheoriginalphrasing; the otherfour choicesaredifferent.Ifyou think the original phrasingproducesa bettersentencethananyof the alternatives,select choice A; if not, selectone of the otherchoices.In makingyourselection,follow the requirementsofstandard writtenEnglish;thatis, pay attention to grammar,choice of words,sentenceconstruction,andpunctuation.Your selectionshouldresult in the mosteffectivesentence-clearand precise,without awkwardnessorambiguity.EXAMPLE:Laura IngallsWilder published her first bookand she wassixty-fiveyears old then.(A) and she wassixty-fiveyears old then(B) when she wassixty-five(C) at agesixty-fiveyears old(D) uponthe reachingof sixty-fiveyears(E) at the timewhen she was sixty-fiveoto@@1. Candicewas teachingherself to makerisotto,&n Italianrice dishrequired timeand patience.(A) required(B) thatrequires(C) requires(D) doesrequire(E) whichrequiringAlthough there aremore electricvehicles available todriversthan ever before, traditionalgasoline-poweredvehicles are the onesthatremain much morecommon.(A) arethe onesthatremain much morecommon(B) arewhatremain much morecommon(C) remain much more common(D) remain more commoner(E) remain mostcommonestBy midnighta heavy snowhas began to fall,envelopingthecity in a soft, white silence.(A) hasbegan(B) thatbegan(C) begun(D) had begun(E) having begunAfterlooking at thesubwaymap,Vincenthasrealizedthathe took the wrongtrain.(A) has rcalizedthathe took(B) rcalizeshis having taken(C) rcalizedthathehastaken(D) rcalized thathehad took(E) rcalizedthathehad taken2.3.4.-4'2@ilnUnauthorieedcoPYingorreuseofanypart of this pageis illegal.@zA synthetic fiber developedin the1930s asa substitutefor silk,the usesof nylonincludeclothing.seat belts.and even oarachutes.(A) the usesof nylonincludeclothing,seat belts, andeven parachutes(B) includedin the usesof nylon are: clothing,seatbelts, and even Parachutes(C) clothing, seat belts,and even parachutesareincludedin the usesof nYlon(D) they usenylonto makeclothing,seat belts, andeven parachutes(E) nylonis usedto makeclothing,seat belts, andeven parachutesWomenfirst competedalongsidemenin Olympicequestrianevents in 1952. theyhavesince wonmanymedalsin thesecompetitions.(A) 1952,theyhavesince wonmany medals(B) 1952,theyhadsince won many medals(C) !952, they have won many medalssince then(D) 1952and havesince won many medals(E) 1952and winning many medalssince thenReclusiveby nature.coral snakeswill generallyattemptto flee when confronted by humans.bitingonly as a last resort.(A) Reclusive by nature,coralsnakeswill generallyattemptto flee whenconfronted by humans,biting(B) Reclusive by nature,coralsnakes,who willgenerallyattemptto flee whenconfrontedby humans,biting(C) Coralsnakes,whoare reclusive by nature,willgenerallyattemptto flee when confronted byhumans,they biteCoralsnakes,reclusive by nature,they willgenerallyattemptto flee when confrontedby humansand biteGenerallyattempting to flee when confrontedby humansarecoral snakes: it is reclusive bynatureand bitesThereason politiciansshould studyclassicalrhetoricalprinciplesis thatit offers rules and techniquesforeffectivepublic speaking.(A) is that it offers(B) is that it offered(C) is thatthey offer(D) are becausethey offer(E) are becausethese offerDespitethe increasing acceptance of new automotivetechnologies, the growthof hybridcarsales in theUnitedStateswerenot as strongasmany analystshadexoected.#werenot as strongasmany analystshad expectedwerenot as strongasmany analystshaveexpectedwerenot as strongasmany analystsexpectedwas not as strongas many analystsexpectwas not as strongasmany analystshad expected10.When paintingbuildingsnear power lines, a metalladder shouldnotbe used, as accidentalcontactbetweenthe ladder and the lines could causeanelectricalshock.(A) a metalladder shouldnotbe used(B) a metalladder shouldnotbe in use(C) a metalladderthat shouldnotbe used(D) thereshouldnotbe a metal ladderin use(E) one shouldnotuse a metalladder11. The computer industryoccasionally undergoesupheavalsduringwhich an agingtechnologyisreplacedby somethingnewer,cheaper, andbetter.(A) upheavalsduringwhich(B) upheavalsthat(C) upheavals,which(D) upheavals,where(E) upheavals,8.9.6.(A)(B)(c)(D)(E)7.(D)(E)'5'15. Because of unforeseenAthegames scheduledto beplayed at the end of thisC-month will bepostponeduntilafter our new seasonstarted.DNo error16. Although the freeway systemin the city is quiteA=-complex,trafficusuallymovesspeedy even duringTDrushhours.NoerrorELocated in California'sWhiteMountainsareAa bristlecone pine tree thatstarted growingTaroundthe time the GreatPyramidof GizaTwas completed in the third millennium B.C.E.DNo errorEThebeliefthatif you eatfood containinggarlic,-e--onewill be healthywas longjudged superstitious-B-but is now thought to have scientificmerit. Noerror17.18.C D19. Theplastictrash canhasbecomeperhaps theAmorefamiliarof the hundredsof productsthatBCCharlesHarrison d.rign.dfor homeuse. No errorDEThefollowingsentencestest yourabilityto recognizegrammar and usageerrors.Eachsentencecontainseithera single effor or no error at all.No sentencecontainsmorethanone error. Theerror, if thereis one, is underlinedand lettered.If thesentencecontainsanerror, select theone underlined part that mustbe changedto makethesentencecoffect.If thesentenceis correct, select choiceE.In choosing answers, followthe requirementsof standardwrittenEnglishEXAMPLE:Theother delegatesandhim immediatelyABCaccepted the resolution drafted by theDneutral states.Noerror@too@changesto the league rules,BE12.1"3.14.Thinking that customers mightpreferABto thosemade of turquoise, the jewelerCjade earringsplacing themDmustrideCin the front of the window display.No errorETourists whichwantto explorethe forestedareasABof the Jaldapara WildlifeSanctuaryin Indiaelephants to do so. No errorDEIn 1919 AliceHamilton,by thena leading expertAon lead poisoning and one of only a handfulofBindustrialsafetyspecialists,were invited to teachCDat Harvard. No errorE-6'nilUnauthorizedcopyingor reuseofanypart of this pageis illegal.n@220. Although the old penny-farthingbicycle,with its---A-Bhighfront wheel and small backone, was notveryfast, it musthavebeen funto ride. Noelror25. Forcryptographers-expertswhodecipher messagesABin secretcode-shortercodes are often moredifficultCthan solving longer ones. No errorDE26. Accordingto the recipe,FranciscowasTsupposeto use buttermilk, but since he had none,BChe substitutedregular milk soured withlemonjuice.DNo errorE27. Thoughthe left and rightside of the brainshareABinformation,languageis typically processed onrthe left side,while spatialabilitiesaregenerallyconcentratedon the right side.NoerrorE28. Some politicalcandidates do not expect to be elected,Arunningfor office simplyin the hopeto generateBpublicityfor issuesthatotherwisemight be ignored.cDNoerror29.EEven after loweringthe volume,Suzanne foundthatl-Bher electricguitarso annoyedherneighborsthattheyTDcomplained to the building'smanager. NoerrorE21.22.23.24.With startling suddenness,a reef loomedbeforetheAwearysailors,whichwerecautiouslyrowingtheirB --CDbaffered boat througha thick fog. NoerrorETheterm "Anasazi," sometimes mistakenlyusedl-to refer to the ancestors of modernPuebloIndians,Bis in fact Navajoin origin and means "ancientCDenemies."NoerrorEAlthoughboth soldier beetles and Asianlonghornbeetles areinsectsthat can feed on trees, an importantAdifference between thesetwo speciesis thatit isCDmuch moreharmfulto living trees.DNoerrorAlthoughmany domesticatedrabbits becomel-alarmedwhenthey arelifted off the groundBand thereforedo not enjoy to be held, some-e-tolerate such handlingquite well.DNoerror'7'Unauthorizedcopyingor reuseofanypart of this pageisillegal.Directions:Thefollowingpassageis an early draftof anessay.Some partsof the passageneed to berewritten.Read the passageand select the best answers for thequestionsthatfollow. Some questionsareabout particularsentencesor partsof sentencesand ask you to improvesentence structureor wordchoice. Other questionsask youto considerorganrzationanddevelopment.In choosinganswers, follow the requirementsof standard writtenEnglish.Questions 30-35 refer to thefollowing passage.(1) Sinceits inventionin the mid-nineteenthcentury,chewinggumhasbecomeone of the world'smostpopularconfections. (2) Over 374 trillionsticksof gum arenowproducedannually,a numberso huge that if they werestacked on top of eachother,the resultingtowerwould soarmorethantwomillion miles high.(3) That'sa lot of guffi,and the corresponding increase in chewing-gumlittercreatesa verystickyissue for cities that want to keeptheirsidewalksclean.(4) Recommendedmethodsfor getting rid of gum stuckto the sole of a shoeincludescraping,chillingthe gumwithice so that it is easier to peeloff, and applyingvariouskinds of oilsto makethe gum morepliable.(5) Imagine,then,the challengefaced by municipalitiesthathave beentrying to remove millionsof pieces of carelesslydiscardedgum from sidewalks. (6) Like the methodspeopleusetoremovechewinggum from shoes,large-scalegum-removaltechniquesareonlypartlyeffective.(7) Notonlythat,but they arequite expensive.(8) Peoplewho do notchew gum cannotunderstandwhy anyonewouldwant to.(9) Removinggum from the sidewalkthroughscraping,sandblasting,or the useof solventscan costasmuch asthreedollars per pieceof gum.(10) Takinga differentapproach,some localgovernmentsareengagingin experiments.(11) They haveto do with chewing-gumrecyclingprogramsand gettingcittzensto supportthem. (12) Yes,gum can be recycled-not, thankfully, to makenewchewinggum but tomanufacturea rubberlikesubstancefor usein construction.(13) To encouragethis, cities areinstallinggumball-coloredrecyclingcontainers,eachcapableof holdingup to athousandpieces of guffi,in public places.(14) Thehopeis that anyonewho haseverstepped ona freshlydiscardedwad of gum will be eagerto usethe recyclingbin.30. In context, whichis best to add at the very beginningof sentence2 (reproducedbelow) ?Over374 trillionsticksof gumare now producedannually,a numberso hugethat if they werestackedon topof each other,the resultingtower wouldsoarmore than two millionmiles high.(A) Because of it,(B) In fact,(C) Nevertheless,(D) Likewise,(E) On the otherhand,31. In context, whichis the best version of the underlinedportionof sentence3 (reproducedbelow) ?That'sa lot of guffi, and the correspondingincreasein chewing-gum litter createsa very sticlqtissue fo,cities that want to keep their sidewalksclean.(A) (as it is now)(B) had literallybeen sticky(C) prolongs the debate(D) is moreof a nuisancethana seriousproblem(E) would,however, be a challenge32.Which of the followingsentences,if insertedimmediatelybefore sentence4, would mosteffectively introducethesecondparagraphand link it to the first paragraph?(A) Removingchewinggum is notoriouslydifficult.(B) Aswe all know,there is morethanone way toremovechewinggum from the bottomof one'sshoes.(C) Manypeoplewho chew gum throwit on theground(D) You should,therefore, neverunderestimatethe power of chewinggum.(E)':#:ijHffiil? ;;; i,:'# r;,illjfJ3#.n,,GOOilTOTHE ilTXT PAGE+Unauthorizedcopyingor reuseolanypart of this pageisillegal.33. In context, whichof the followingwouldbethe bestway to revise and combine sentences 10 and 11(reproducedbelow) ?Taking a dffirentapproach,some local Sovernmentsare engaging in experiments.They haveto do withchewing-gum recycling programsandgettingcitizensto support them.(A) Takinga differentapproach,unfortunately,somelocalgovernmentsareengagingin experimentswith recyclingprogramsand gettingcitizenstosupportthem.(B) Takinga differentapproach,they have been:l'ff;l?;ffix,1'3Ti.,H1x;i:x;1fi ?:*supportthem.(C) Takinga differentapproach,some localgovernmentsare experimentingwithchewing-gumrecyclingprogramsandgetting cttrzensto supporttheseefforts.(D) Some localgovernmentstooka differentapproach;theirexperimentshad to dowith recyclingprogramsand gettingcrttzensto supporttheseefforts.(E) Experimentingwith chewing-gumrecyclingprogramsand getting citizensto supportthem,some localgovernmentsarenonethelesstakinga differentapproach.34. In context, whichof the followingphrases wouldmosteffectively replacethe word"this"in sentence 13(reproducedbelow) ?To encouragetfu cities are installing gumball-coloredrecyclingcontainers,each capable of holdingupto a thousand piecesof gum,in public places.(A) removalefforts(B) gum chewing(C) such things(D) new construction(E) crttzenparticipation35. Which of the followingsentencesshouldbe deletedbecauseit doesnot contributeto the logicaldevelopment of the passage?(A) Sentence1(B) Sentence 5(C) Sentence 8(D) Sentence9(E) Sentence12STOPlf you finishbefore time is calld, youmayDo not turn to anY othercheck yourworkon this sectiononly.section in the test.'9'Inil[y,tffiiff:isvJ:Y"li,:;:i:*ilt]tlil4SECTION 4Time - 25 minutes20 QuestionsTurn to Section 4 (page5) of your answer sheet to answer the questions in thissection.Directions:For thissection,solveeachproblemand decidewhichis the best ofthe choicesgiven. Fill in the correspondingcircleon the answersheet.Youmayuseanyavailablespacefor scratchwork.L The useof acalculatoris permitted.2. All numbersusedare real numbers..l 3. Figuresthataccompanypmblemsin this test are intendedto provideinformation useful in solvingthe problems.8lThey aredrawn asaccuratelyas possibleEXCEPTwhenit is stated in a specificproblemthatthe figure is notZI- | drawn to scale. All figureslie in a planeunless otherwise indicated.4. Unlessotherwise specified, the domain ofanyfunction ./ is assumedto bethe set ofall realnumbersr for which./(-r) is a realnumber.Fl*|i.-()"J{.),.()()*AhA=|tnffir{:{ = {:w,hfinfirzf=Znrfirf-wThe numberof degreesof arcin a circleisThe $umof themeasuresin degreesof the360.irngles of a triangleis 180.ll x nrZhaC2=a2+bzx\5 s'SpecialRightTriangles3x+!=12x = 2, what is the 1. In the equationabove,ifvalueof y ?(A) 2(B) 3(c) 4(D) s(E) 62. ln the figureabove,point P is online (.. Whatis thevalueof t ?(A) 1s(B) 24(c) 30(D) 36(E) 60-16-4nIn[:l'?lxli:iff'$?#3j'l':?:r"'t] [t]t]43.SALESOF COMPANIESX AND YSales(millionsof dollars)Year X Y2002 3 32003 4 32004 5 42005 4 42006 4 1Thechartaboveshowsthesalesmade by twocompaniesfor the years2002 through2006.In whatyearwerethe combined salesmade by both companiesthe least?(A) 2002(B) 2003(c) 2004(D) 200s(E) 2006aFigureIIaaFigure 2aataaaFigure 31. Figure1 above consistsof one dot. Eachfigureafterthe firstaddsa columnof dotsthathasone dot morethanthe highestcolumnof dotsin the previous figure,as shown.How many dots wouldbe in Figure 5 ?(A) Ten(B) Twelve(C) Fourteen(D) Fifteen(E) Sixteen-17'f (*) - x + 3s(x) -2x-15. Functions f andg aredefined above. Whatisthevalueof f (3) - s(3) ?(A)1(B)3(c) s(D) 6(E) 11On line (, above,theslopeis greatest betweenwhichtwo of the consecutivelabeledpoints?(A) R andS(B) S and T(C) T andU(D) U and V(E) The slope is thesamebetweeneachpair oflabeledpoints.6.4[U U Uxffi*?rnn$?r:%.llru?""'UU U [4H:-1 1ll7. The figure aboveshowsan accurate digital clock.Letthe"sum-time" for this clockbe defined to bethenumberof hoursplus the numberof minutes ofthe timeshown.For example,thesum-time of thetimeshownis 19. How many minuteswill passbeforethesum-time is nextequalto 19 ?(A) 4e(B) se(c) ee(D) 118(E) 177w-3kmx - t2 (* - 1)8. If w and x are defined by the equationsabove,whichof the followingrepresents(w, x) when k = 4 andm -l?(A) (0, t2)(B) (r2,0)(c) (r2, 16)(D) (t2,32)(E) (16, 0)-'18-9. Samantha babysat20 differenttimes in December.The lowest amountshe earned for babysittingwas$10,and the highest amountshe earned was$22.Of the following,which could be the totalamountshe earned for babysittingduringDecember?(A) $1e0(B) $200(c) $320(D) $440(E) $640L0. An equilateral triangleand a squarehave the sameperimeter. If thesum of the lengthsof two sidesofthe triangleis 16,what is the length of oneside ofthesquare ?(A)(B)(c)(D)(E)346810nilnI Yffffi1iii:?r;:'*"i':?:?:ot t]t][t] I11..Theproduct of six consecutive integers,the leastof whichis 5, is howmanytimesthe product offive consecutive integers,the least of whichis 5 ?(A) e(B) 10(c) 11(D) 2s(E) 3012. In the figure above,twocirclesof thesamesize aretangentto eachother andto the rectangleat the pointsshJwn.If the areaof the rectangleis 72,what is thediameterof eachcircle?(A)4(B)6(c) 8(D) e(E) 12L3. For which of the followingsets of numbersis the sumof anytwonumbersin theset also in theset?I. The set of even integersII. The set of oddintegersilI. The set of negativeintegers(A) I onlY(B) II onlY(C) I and II onlY(D) I and III onlY(E) I, II, andIII14.NotP: Figure not drawn to scale"In the figureabove,two sidesof the trianglehave beenextend"O.If y = 70, what is the valueof z ?(A)70(B) 110(c) 130(D) r40(E) 1s0'19-4t][t][ vfi?x*?x?fr,s?J:y.lil?'"i:" t]t]t]tl415.rf a = 23000, b = 32a00,andc - 71000,whichofthefollowingis true?(A) a>b>c(B) a>c>b(C) b>o>c(D) b>c>a(E) c>a>b16.Henryused ? of the length of a boardto makea box5and + of the original length of the boardto repair a4step.Theremainingpieceof the boardwas2 feetlong.How many feetlongwas the originalboard?(A)8(B) 12(c) 18(D) 22(E) 24-20-17. In the figureabove,O is the centerof the circleofradius2. Whatis the length of the darkenedarc?(A) +(B)7t(c) +(D) 2n(E) 4n18. If the ratioof r10 to 1,what is(A) t0t(B) t6t(C) 40t(D) 10\/t(E) 40\/tis 4 to 1 and the ratioof 4 to v isin termsof r ?totrv19. Thegraphof a functionin the xy-plane is a parabolathatopens upwardand hasits vertex at point (r, d). Ifthe line (, is tangentto the parabolaat its vertex, whichof the followingmustbe anotherpointon line (. ?(A) (-s,d.)(B) (-s, -d)(c) (0,o)(D) (t,-5)(E) (-5, -c)4[[[n:,ffiH:?:fl,:;?Jt1i,t,t?'#"'I t]t]t]4illlHEIGHTS AND VOLUMESOF 25SEQUOIA TREES{-)C)()(a-{().ti1I()()- l-{r{50,00048,00046,00044,00042,00040,00038,00036,00034,00032,00030,00020.STOP!f you finishbeforetimeis called, youmay check yourwork on this sectiononly.Do notturn to any other section in the test.220 230 240 250 260 270 280Height(feet)The graphaboveshowsthe heightsand volumes of25 different giant sequoia trees. Which of the followingpairs could be the medianheight and the medianvolumeof thesetrees?(A) 244 ft and37,000ft3(B) 244ftand39,000ft3(C) 248ftand38,000ft3(D) 251ftand37,000ft3(E) 251ftand39,000ft3#'21-aaaoaaDoa'Oaaa as@sUnauthorizedcopyingor reuseofs@s f:;l anypart of this pase isillesal.SECTION 5Time - 25 minutes25 QuestionsTurn to Section 5 (page5) of your answer sheet to answer the questions in thissection.Directions: For eachquestionin thissection,select the best answerfrom amongthe choicesgiven and fill in the correspondingcircleon the answersheet.Eachsentencebelow hasone or twoblanks, eachblankindicatingthat somethinghasbeen omitted.Beneaththesentencearefive words or sets of words labeledAthrough E. Choosethe wordor set of words that, wheninsertedin the sentence,best fits themeaningof thesentenceas a whole.Bxample:Hopingto -------the dispute,negotiatorsproposeda compromise thatthey felt wouldbe ------- to bothlaborand management.(A) enforce..useful(B) end..divisive(C) overcome . . unattractive(D) extend . . satisfactory(E) resolve..acceptable @@@CaThedebate betweenRon and Victorwas -------yet-------;in other words, it was heated but adequatelycourteous.(A) emotional. . vigorous(B) moderate..polite(C) intense..civil(D) restrained . . friendly(E) charged. . explosiveArcticanimalshave adapted to the cold, Arcticclimatein exceptional ways,but humanshavethem inone respect:the abilityto usefire.(A) surpassed(B) resisted (C) appreciated(D) assisted (E) undermined3. Because the accusedpersistedin explaininghis actionsthroughan absurdstor/, he ------ his owncreating difficultiesfor lawyers trying to clearhisname.(A) restored. . reputation(B) exceeded. . situation(C) prevented . . downfall(D) admitted. . innocence(E) hindered..defense4. Stresscan weakendefenses andthe onset ofillness, but small amountsof stressmay have theoppositeeffectandthe body.(A) mitigate. . incapacitate(B) promote..weaken(C) facilitate . . fortify(D) jeopardize. . cure(E) circumvent. . immunizeBestknownfor herchildren'sbooks, BeatrixPotterwasalso one of the first naturaliststo observethata lichen resultsfromaninterdependentrelationshipbetweentwo differentorganisms.(A) parity(B) autonomy(C) symbiosis(D) similitude(E) synchronicityJerry'spraiseof his own business -------was clearly: so manyinexperiencedentrepreneurswho followed his advice failed.(A) expertise. . pertinent(B) supremacy.. sincere(C) ineptitude. . illusory(D) acumen. . unwarranted(E) background. . authoritativeFridaKahlo's hauntingand often brutalself-portraitshavesucheffectthat,onceseen, they becomeimpossible to forget.(A) a sporadic(B) a hermetic(C) a mirthful(D) an indelible (E) an insipidPhysician andresearcherLewisMehl-Madronatraditionaland modern medicine, therebycombiningtechniquesof eachform of medicine.(A) redresses (B) castigates(C) proffers(D) amalgamates(E) abjures-5.l.7.8.'22'Questions 9-13 arebasedon the following passages.PassageIThenovelistJaneAusten (1175-1817)wroteaboutwhat she understood.But didshe understandenough?Her world was not merelysmallbut narrow.Her novelsaresometimesreferred to as miniatures, but the analogyis not apt. We do not get fromEmmaa condensedandrefinedsense of a larger entity,nor doesthe work suggestreferencesfar beyond its surface.Thelimitationand thenaffownessof the small Englishruraltowns hernovels areoftenset in is the limitationof class society.And the oneimportantcriticism of JaneAusten is thathervisionislimited by her unquestioning acceptance of that society.Passage 2How doesthe fact that Jane Austen depictsin hernovelsthe "class society"that she lived in demonstratethe classbasis of herstandards or indicate that she calls on ustoadmirethestandards of that society?I wouldmaintain,on the contrary , thatherstandards, hermoralvalues,haveno classbasis whatsoever.Shevalueshonesty,deceocy,clear-sightedness,emotional responsivenessin whateverclass they occur; hermostcontemptiblecharacters-LadyCatherinedeBourgh,Sir WalterElliot, GeneralTilney-areoften the highestin the scaleof wealthand socialprestige.g. Which statementbest describesthe relationshipbetweenthe two Passages?( A)'ffii,'};i"": ;?:tt;1#:H,:J.T;i:l:authorof Passage1.(B) The authorof Passage2 refutesanargument(c)'fl:'ilil:l 3i'Jl1il3;:?1"::::',;J hi s,orica,context of a situation describedby theauthorof Passage1.(D) The authorof Pass age2 providesdata to supporta claimmade by theauthorof Passage1.(E) The authorof Passage2 evaluatesa recommendation offered by theauthorof PassageI .10. The authorsof both passageswouldmostlikelyagreethat(A) Austen'sview of the politics of hertimewasnot influencedby her placein society(B) Austen'supper-classcharactersale generallyportrayed symPatheticallY(C) Austen depictedimportanthistoricaleventsin her novels(D) Austen didnot understanda lot aboutcurrentsocialissues(E) T5?#1?,:about a world with which she11,. The authorof Passage1 indicatesthat Austen'snovels cannotbe considered"miniatures" (line4)becausethey(A) treatbroadphilosophicalthemes(B) tracecharacters'livesover years(C) develophighly complex Plots(D) donotconvey a sense of the worldat large(E) donotdistinguishbetweensocialclasses12. The authorof Passage2 wouldmostlikely considerthestatementaboutAusten's"vision" (line10,Passa!;e1) to be(A) contradicted by examplesfrom Austen'sfiction(B) accepted by mostcriticsof Austen'snovels(C) unsupportedby recentlyrevealedevidence(D) confirmedby Austen'sbasicsense of values(E) reinforcedby factsaboutAusten'sbiography13. In line 2L,"scale"mostnearly means(A) number(B) balance(C) size(D) ratio(E) rankingUnauthorizedcoPYingor reuseofanypart of this Page is illegal'Thepassagesbeloware followed by questionsbasedon theircontent;questionsfollowinga pair of relatedpassagesmay alsobe basedon the relationJipb"t*""nihepairedpassages.Answerthe questionson thebasis ofwhat is statedor implied in thepassagesand in anyintroductorymaterialthatmaybeprovided.'23'Questions 14-25arebasedon the following passage.Thispassage,adapted from the introductionto a 2004book, refers to the famous violinmakerAntonioStradivari( 1644- r737).I gave upthe violin whenI left school.In the twentyyears since,I have cometo understandas a listener whatI neverdid as a mediocreplayer-thatthe membersof theLine violin family(principallythe violin itself, the viola, and5the cello)areindisputablythe kingsof all the instruments.Theviolin, so deceptivelysimple, can both portrayandinspire every emotionimaginable,imitating the brayingof a donkey or deliveringa tuneof heart-rending beauty.Lyrtcaland expressive,or harshand violent,it is themastert0of adaptability;only the humanvoice can matchit. Bycomparison,the piano'seighty-oddnotes a semi-toneapartmay makeit a mechanicalmarvelof polyphonlobut whereis the abilityto thrillwith almostimperceptiblechanges inpitchor volume? As for the othermembersof the orchestrat5 -woodwind, brass,percussion-theverynameshint atthe paucityof theirtonal range.Notonly do the violin and its sister instrumentsdominate the orchestra,there remainsnoquestionof whois theirmostfamousmaker-perhaps the mostcelebrated20 craftsmanin history.From Melbourneto Milwaukee,thebus driverwill ask you, as you strugglewith yourviolincase,"Is that a Stradivarius?"His reputation for excellenceis ubiquitous.This reputationstemsfrom the playersthemselves.25 To anyone,but mostof all those lucky enoughto performon them, Strads arefar morethanjust instruments.Theyareworksof art,bringingtogetherutilityand aestheticsin a way thatnootherobject can quite match.TheBritishcellist StevenIsserlis borrowshis Stradivarius from the30 NipponMusicFoundation:"Myheartleaps every daywhenI takeit out of the case.Its beautifulcolorglows."Maxim Vengerov,a Russianwho is probablythe mostadmired of the younger generationof violinists, is evenmoredirectabouthis relationshipwith his Strad:"It is35 a marriage."Theviolin is such a feminineinstrument thatthe metaphorseemsalmostinescapable,at least for men.Womenaremorelikely to regardtheirviolinsas anextensionof themselves.One friendtold me this is why shedoesnot usea shoulder-rest.TheGermanvirtuosa Anne-40 SophieMutterrests herStradivarius on her bareshoulder:even clothesaretoo greata barrier.Theexception onlyseemsto prove the rule. When the youngSovietviolinistViktoriaMullovatooka taxiacrossthe border fromFinlandinto Swedenin 1983, she left hergovernment-4s owned Stradon the hotel-roombed. Asa resultherKGB*minderswastedvaluable hourson theassumptionthat shecouldnotpossiblybe defecting.Finally, there is the mostobvious and concreteway inwhichviolinists put a value on theirinstruments.Vengerov'sStrad-theKreutzer-set an auction recordof $1.6million whenit was bought for him in 1998. Eventhatfigureis put in theshadeby privatedeals. Scarcityand the needfor age have combined to drivea seeminglyunstoppablerisein the prices of string instruments.Whatotherprofessionfaces a situation wherethe tools of itstradehave becomeso expensiveas to be almostunobtainable?Everymakerhashisprice-theviolin sayssomething aboutits player'sstatus,even beforebowis putto string-but none commandsmorerespectthanAntonioStradivari.Fame, beauty,history,value, the peculiardevotionthatStrads inspire:it is a headymix. And it all resultsfromtheirmostremarkablecharacteristic.Morethan 250 yearsafter his death,Stradivari'sviolinsand cellos remain thebest in the world. On song and in the right hands they aremagnificent,projectingglorioustone to the backof thelargestconcerthall.A violinistwho is attunedto his Strad,and knows thatit will do everythingrequired of it, canrelaxintoplaying,confidentthathe will nothave to forceto be heard.Strads arethe ultimaterebuketo the arroganceof the modernage: science doesnothaveall the answers;Renaissance technologystillcannotbe bettered.* Th,KGBwasthenationalsecurityagencyof the SovietUnion thatmonitoreddissentandcontrolledthe activitiesof Soviet citizens, evenentertainers on tour.FromStradivari'sGenius byToby Faber,copyright @ 2005 byTobyFaber.Used byPermissionof RandomHouse, Inc.14. Thepassageis best describedas(A) an explanation of a recentdiscovery(B) ananalysisof an enigmaticcondition(C) aninvestigationof a controversialclaim(D) a consideration of a remarkableartifact(E) a presentationof a personalnarrative15.In line 10, the authorcompares'othehumanvoice" to(A) a flawlessdesign(B) a musical instrument(C) a familiar presence(D) anenduring achievement(E) an unforgettableperformanceUnauthorizedcopyingorreuseofanypart of this page isillegal.506570'24-16. Which best describesthe effectof the questioninlines l2-I4 ("but. . . volume")?(A) It expressesthe author'sview abouta particularsubject.(B) It establishesthe termsof a puzzleto be solved.(C) It highlightsthe inadequacyof availableinformation.(D) It challengesthe author'sopinionabouta currenttopic.(E) It revealstheauthor'slack of knowledgeabouta particularphenomenon.17. Whichbest describesthe roleof line s 17 -23 inpresentingthe author'sargument?(A) Theyshiftthe focusof the passagefrominstruments to performers.(B) Theyintroduceanalternative interpretationofinformation in the opening paragraph.(C) They provide atransitionfrom a broadoverviewto a specifictopic(D) They questionthe assumptionsunderlyingearlierassertions.(E) Theyoffer examplesin supportof previouslymade claims.18.Whichbest describeshow"theplayersthemselves"(line 24) determinethe reputation of Stradivariusviolins?(A) They publicize their desireto ownone of theviolins.(B) Theyensure the preservationof the violins.(C) They treatthe violins asexceptional objects.(D) They playasmany concertsaspossible.(E) Theylecture audiences beforeperforming.19. In lines 32-47,theauthorrefersto Vengerov,Mutter,and Mullovato(A) explore waysthat Stradivarius playersrelateto(B)theirviolinsillustrateadvantages that Stradivarius players gainfrom theirviolinsrevealinnovationsthat shapedperformance stylesforStradivarius players(D) cite cases that documentthe effectof Stradivariusviolinson history(E) correct misconceptions thathavearisenaboutStradivarius violins20. Which hypotheticalstatementby a violinistwho playsa Stradivarius would mostdirectly supportthe pointmadein lines 37 -41 ("Women . . . barrier")?(A) "I wish I owned a dozenof theseviolins."(B) "I needed some timeto adjustto myviolin'speculiarities."(C) "I prefer to playmy violin only for smallaudiences.o'(D) "I think myviolin hasa will of its own."(E) "I feel incompletewithout myviolin.'21. Why doesthe authorconsiderMullovaan "exception"(line4l) to the rule?(A) Mullovawasable to leave herviolinbehind whenshe left Finland.(B) Mullovadidnotknow the fullcommercialvalueof herStradivarius.(C) Mullovawasone of the few Soviet women whoplayed a Stradivarius.(D) The Soviet government was unableto preventMullovafrom escapingherKGBminders.(E) The Soviet government did not restrictotherviolinists from using Mullova'sinstrument.22. In line61, the authorusesalist("Fame.. . devotion")primarilyto(A) revealthe complexity of a proposal(B) convey thescopeof aninternationaldilemma(C) identify the componentsof aninvention(D) suggest the richnessof a popular reputation(E) indicate the predictability of anemotionalresponse23. In line62, "heady"mostnearly means(A) rash(B) violent(C) intoxicating(D) intellectual(E) shrewd(c)Unauthorizedcopyingor reuseofanypart of this pageisillegal.-25-s@sUnauthorizedcopyingorreuseofanypart of this page is illegal.s@s24. In linesT0-72 ("Strads . . . better"d"), the authorcharacterizesthespiritof the modern ageas being(A) incomprehensible(B) overbearing(C) ominous(D) logical(E) belligerent25. The author's pointof view in the passageis thatof(A) a meticulousanalyst(B) anexperiencedarbiter(C) a knowledgeable fan(D) an aspiringscholar(E) a disappointedreviewerSTOPlf you finishbeforetimeis called, you may check yourwork on this sectiononly.Do not turn to anyothersection in the test.'26-+6 6+Unauthorizedcopyingor reuseofanypart of this pageisillegal.SECTION 6Time - 25minutes18 QuestionsTurn to Section 6 (page6) of your answer sheet to answer the questions in this section.Directions:Thissectioncontainstwotypesof questions.Youhaveeachproblemand decidewhich is the best of the choicesgiven. Filluseanyavailable spaceforscratchwork.25 minutes to completeboth types.For questions 1-8, solvein the coffespondingcircleon the answersheet.Youmay1.The use of a calculatoris permitted.2. All numbersusedare real numbers.*l 3. Figuresthataccompanyproblems in this test areintendedto provideinformationusefulin solvingthe problems.E I They aredrawn as accuratelyaspossibleEXCEPTwhenit is stated in a specificproblem that the figureis notZl drawn to scale. AIIfigureslie in a planeunless otherwise indicated.4. Unlessotherwise specified, the domainof anyfunction / is assumedto bethe set of all real numbersr for which"f(x) is a realnumber.ac2*a2+h2#*.4Ft-(q-i{{H{)c)E4)ko'.{-((.)d,Gr:,,4ffi:m,,N m.'krt=nrx( =?nr rt: t'w s=*ur ll = (wlrl/ - rrzh,{5 sSpecialRightTrianglesThenumber of degreesof arc in a circleis 360.The sum of themeasuresin degreesof the angles of a triangleis I 80.l.To rent a meeting room, the chargeis $75 per hourplus $7 perpersonfor refreshments.Which of thefollowingfunctionsrepresents the charge,in dollars,to rentthe meetingroom for3 hourswith refreshmentsfor n people?(A) f(") -82n(B) f(")-225n(C) f(") -225n+7(D) f(")=225*7n(E) f(") -225+7n2. If z is 10 greaterthanx, then e - 10 is howmuchgreaterthanx ?(A)0(B) s(c) 10(D) 20(E) 100-28-+6 :'*ffr..?H?f,,iiH:Y,'i,r?'r?."6+PNote: Figure not drawn to scale.3. In the figure above,PQRSis a parallelogram.Whichof the followingmustbe true?(A)(B)(c)(D)(E)In a basket of 13 apples, therearc 3 Mclntosh apples,4 Gala apples,and 6 Red Deliciousapples. If Juanitaselects an appleat random,what is the probability thatshe will not selecta Galaapple?(A)(B)(c)(D)(E)x=!x=zl=zx+y-120y+z-1204.1B3134r39131013-29-5. lf D andE arenonzerodigitsand O is thedigit zero,whichof the followingnumbersisequalto Dx103 +Ex10?(A)DEO(B)DOE(c) D,EOO(D) D,OEO(E) D,OOE6. Let @ x be defined bv Ix - 360 for all x such thatuxx * 0. What is the value of e I Z2(A) 60(B) e0(c) 180(D) s40(E) 720+6 6+Unauthorizedcopyingorreuseofanypart ofthispage is illegal.7. In a circle, AB andCO are diameters.Which of thefollowingmustbe true?I. The length of arc ffiis equalto the lengthof arc ffi.il.,qA is perpendicular to COIII. ACBD is a square.(A) I only(B) II only(C) I and II only(D) II and III only(E) I, II, and III1,8,18,.. .8. In thesequenceabove,the first term is 1of the first n termsis equalto 3n for allis the fourthterm in the sequence?(A) 27(B) 3L(c) s4(D) s8(E) 81and the sumn > l.WhatONTOTHE-30-+6 ffiHffif;,:;i!!1r,i,t?:?:"6+Directions:ForStudent-ProducedResponsequestions9-18,use thegrids atthebottomofthe answersheetpageonwhichyou haveansweredquestions1-8.iachof the remaining10questionsrequiresyou to solvetheproblem and enleryour answer by markingthecirclesnthe specialgrid,as shownin the examplesbelow.Youmayuseanyavailablespacefor scratch work.anrru"r' fr Answer:2.5 "nn"rtlXij;3oJ;rr""r.xil"^:I-* fffi0(A) II only(B) III only(C) I and III only(D) II and III only(E) I, II, and IIISTOP-45'5x-L316. In the triangleabove,what is the length of -AC ?(A) 2.s(B) 6(c) t7(D) 30(E) It cannotbe determinedfromthe informationgiven.lf you finishbeforetimeis called, youmaycheck yourworkon this sectiononly.Do notturn to anyothersection in the test.AA y,,,ruH';l?ff?xt!YJ,t,t?xi."' ASECTION9Time - 20 minutes19 QuestionsDir""tior,r, For eachquestionin thissection,select the best answerfrom amongthe choicesgiven and fill in the correspondingcircleon the answersheet.Eachsentencebelowhasone or twoblanks, eachblankindicatingthat somethinghas been omitted.Beneaththesentencearefive words or sets of words labeledAthrough E. Choosethe wordor set of words that,wheninsertedin thesentence,best fits the meaningof thesentenceas a whole.Example:Hopingto -------the dispute,negotiatorsproposeda compromise that they felt wouldbe -------to bothlabor and management.(A) enforce..useful(B) end..divisive(C) overcome . . unattractive(D) extend. . satisfactorY(E) resolve..accePtable @@O@lThough Michael' s arrivalwasGina greetedhimaffectionately:she wasto unexpectedly seeherfavoriteuncle.(A) surprising. . delighted(B) convenient..irked(C) unannounced. . mortified(D) exciting . .thrilled(E) predictable. . startledA prepublicationreviewof ZoraandMe -------the192-pagemystery novel by calling it "absolutelyoutstanding."(A) quoted (B) revised (C) Printed(D) hailed (E) renewedIn contrastto thoseauthorswho describeonlythetriumphsof science, Changoffersa -------view thatalso emphasizesthe importance ofto subsequentscientific advances.(A) pessimistic. . breakthroughs(B) lopsided. . setbacks(C) balanced..results(D) revisionist. . accomplishments(E) tempered. . failuresThe judgewas notknownfor: she penalizedeachseverelybecause shefelt that everybreachof the lawwas an affrontto society.(A) empathy . .portent(B) mercy..verdict(C) rigor..infraction(D) leniency. . transgression(E) vigilance. . misdemeanor5. The division thatthe issuesparked withinthescientificcommunitywasso pronouncedthat it nearly amountedto -------.(A) a hiatus (B) a chimera (C) anedict(D) a schism (E) a disParitY6. Only three minuteslong,Lincoln'sGettysburg Addressachievedmorethroughitsthandid the two-houroration thatprecededit.(A) pedantry (B) impertinence (C) pithiness(D) precocity(E) preeminence3.i4.1.2.-47-Thepassagebelowis followed by questionsbasedonits content.Answerthe questionson the basis of what is statedor impliedin the passageand in anyintroductorymaterial that maybeprovided.Questions 7 -19arebasedon the following passage.The following passageis from a shortstonl; first publishedin 1998. Mrs.Dutta has recently movedto theUnited Statesto live with her son Sagar,his wift Shyamoli,and theirchildren.It is 9:00 A.M. and the house, after the flurryofdepartures,of frantic "I can't find my socks," and 'oMom,he tookmy lunchmoney,"and "I swear I'll leaveyouLine kids behind if you're notin the carin exactlyone minute,"5has settledinto its placiddaytime rhythms.Busy in the kitchen,Mrs.Dutta hasrecoveredherspirits. It is too exhaustingto holdon to grudges,and,besides, the kitchen-sunlight sliding acrossitscountertopswhile the refrigeratorhumsreassuringly-10 is her favoriteplaceMrs.Dutta humstoo as she fries potatoesfor alu dum.Her voice is rustyand slightly off-key. In Indiashe wouldneverhaveventuredto sing,but with everyonegone,thehouse is too quiet, all that silencepressingdown on hertslike the heelof agianthand, and the TV voices,with theirunreal accents,areno help at all.As the potatoesturngolden-brown,she permits herself a moment of nostalgiafor her Calcutta kitchen-thenew gasstove bought withthe birthdaymoney Sagar sent,thescoured brasspots20 stacked by the meatsafe,the window with the lotus-patterngrille through which she could look down on childrenplayingcricketafter school.The mouth-wateringsmellof ginger and chili paste.ground freshby Reba the maid,and, in the evening, strongblackAssamchabrewingin2s the kettlewhenMrs. Basu came by to visit. In hermindshe writesto Mrs. Basu,Oh, Roma,I missit all somuch,sometimes I feel that someonehas reachedin and tornouta hondfulof my chest.Butonly foolsindulgein nostalgia, so Mrs.Duttashakes30 her head clearof imagesand straightensupthe kitchen.Shepoursthe half-drunkglassesof milk down thesink, thoughShyamolihastold herto save them in the refrigerator.Butsurely Shyamoli,a girl from a goodHindufamily,doesn'texpectherto put contaminated jutha* things in with the3s restof the food? Shewashesthe breakfastdishesby handinsteadof lettingthem wait inside the dishwater till night,breeding germs.Withpracticedfingers,she throwsanassortmentof spices intothe blender: coriander,cumin,cloves,black pepper,a fewredchiliesfor vigor.No stale40 bottledcuffypowder for her! At leastthe family's eatingwell since I arrived,shewritesin hermind,proper Indianfood, rutisthat puff up the waythey should, fish curry inmustard sauce, and realpulao with raisinsand cashewsandghee-the wayyou taught ffi, Roma-instead of Rice-a-roni.Shewouldlike to add,They love it,butthinking ofShyamolishe hesitates.At firstShyamolihad been happyenoughto havesomeone takeover the cooking.It's wonderfulto comehometo a hot dinner,she'd say,or Mother,what crispypapads, and yourfish gravy is outof this world. Butrecentlyshe'stakento picking at herfood,and once ortwicefrom the kitchen,Mrs.Dutta hascaughtwispsofwords, intensely whispered: cholesterol, all putting onweight, she'sspoilingyou. And though Shyamolialwaysrefuseswhenthe childrenask if they can have burritosfrom the freezerinstead,Mrs.Duttasuspectsthat shewouldreallylike to sayyes.The children.A heavinesspullsat Mrs. Dutta'sentirebody when she thinksof them.Likeso much in this countrythey have turnedout to be-yeS,she might as welladmit it-a disappointment.For this she blames,in part, the Olan Millsportrait.Perhaps it had been impracticalof herto set so much storeona photograph,especially one takenyearsago. Butit wassuch a charmingscene-Mrinalini in a ruffled whitedresswith herarmaroundher brother, Pradeep chubby anddimpledin a suit and bowtie, a gloriousautumnforestblazingredandyellow behind them.(Later Mrs. Duttawouldlearn,with a sense of having beenbetrayed,thatthe forest was merelya backdrop in a studio in California,wherereal treesdid not turnsuch colors.)Thepicture had arrived,silver-framedand wrappedin aplasticsheetfilled with bubbles,witha notefrom Shyamoliexplainingthatit wasa Mother's Day gift. (A strangeconcept,a dayset aside to honor mothers.)For a weekMrs. Duttacould not decidewhereit shouldbe hung.If sheput it in the drawingroom,visitorswouldbe able to admirehergrandchildren, but if she put it on the bedroom wall, shewouldbe able to seethe photo, last thing,before she fellasleep. Shehad finally optedfor the bedroom, and later,when she was too ill with pneumoniato leaveher bed fora month, she'dbeen gladof it.* l"ftou",From"TheUnknown Errorsof OurLives"byChitraBanerjee Divakaruni,copyright @ 1998and2001 byChitraBanerjee Divakaruni. FirstpublishedinTheAtlanticMonthly. llsedby permissionof author,Doubleday,adivision of RandomHouse, Inc.,andthe SandraDjkstraLiteraryAgency.4550556580607A75-49-9 A7\y#ff?r??f;,;;?'JtYJ,t,t?x?""'A A7. Thepassageis primarilyconcernedwith(A) conveyinga character'sintrospections(B) examininga conflict betweentwocharacters(C) representinga disquietingscene(D) revealing the differences betweentwo cultures(E) exploringthe reasonsbehind a decision8. Lines 1-5 depict a transitionfrom(A) chaos to tranquillity(B) opennessto secrecy(C) certaintyto doubt(D) routineto novelty(E) simplicityto complexity9. Lines6-10 indicate thatMrs.Dutta views"the kitchen" as(A) cheerless(B) cramped(C) disorganrzed(D) comforting(E) stylish10. Thenarrator suggeststhatMrs.Dutta o'hums" (line11)becauseshe(A) preferspracticinghersinging when alone(B) enjoyscookingmore when singing(C) aimsto continue a practicefrom her past(D) needsto counter a feelingof loneliness(E) wantsto fit in with hernew sulroundingsll". Thedescriptionof Mrs.Duttain lines 37-45("With . .Rice-a-roni") emphasizes her(A) optimism(B) self-assurance(C) curiosity(D) bravery(E) compassionL2.Lines 47-50("At . . . world")suggest that Shyamoli'sattitude toward Mrs. Dutta'sdoingthe familycookingwas initiallyone of(A) suspicion(B) curiosity(C) ambivalence(D) surprise(E) appreciation13. In context, the phrase o'wisps of words" (lines52-53)primarilyrefersto(A) pragmaticsuggestions(B) hateful reproofs(C) furtive complaints(D) imaginaryconversations(E) vacuousstatementsL4. The main pointof lines 58-61 is that(A) Mrs.Dutta is overwhelmedby herdutiesinAmerica(B) Mrs. Dutta'sfeelingsareeasilyhurt by others(C) Mrs.Dutta is unhappy withAmericanculture(D) Mrs. Dutta'sexpectationsabout hergrandchildrenhave notbeenrealized(E) Mrs.Dutta is upset thathergrandchildrendo notenjoyspendingtimewith her15. The statementin line 60("yes,. . . it") conveysa sense of(A) resignation(B) incredulity(C) perplexity(D) denial(E) outrage16. The narrator impliesthatMrs.Dutta ultimatelyfindsthe background in the "OlanMillsportrait"(line 62)to be(A) quaint(B) arresting(C) deceptive(D) enigmatic(E) endearingL7. In line63, "store" mostnearly means(A) supply(B) preparation(C) accumulation(D) enlightenment(E) value'49'9 @ Al\:ffixrixit*$?J:Y':i*,:r*75A @ g18.In the passageas a whole,the relationshipbetweenMrs.Duttaand Shyamoliis best describedas(A) respectful(B) strained(C) vindictive(D) manipulative(E) volatileL9.The narrator suggeststhat Mrs.Dutta'smove toAmericais(A) an unforeseenpleasure(B) a stimulatingundertaking(C) anoverwhelmingordeal(D) a frighteningaffair(E) an unsatisfyingexperienceSTOPlf you finishbeforetimeis called, youmay check yourwork on this sectiononly.Do not turnto any other section in the test.'50-10@Unauthorizedcopyingor reuseolanypart of this page is illegal.@10SECTION 10Time - 10 minutes14 QuestionsTurn to Section10 (page7) of your answer sheetto answer the questions in thissection.Directions: For eachquestionin thissection,select the best answerfrom amongthe choicesgiven andfill in the correspondingcircleon the answersheet.Thefollowingsentencestest correctnessand effectivenessof expression.Part of eachsentenceor the entire sentenceis underlined;beneatheach sentencearefive waysofphrasingthe underlinedmaterial. Choice A repeats theoriginalphrasirg; the otherfour choicesare different.Ifyou thinkthe original phrasingproducesa bettersentencethanany of thealternatives,select choiceA; if not, selectone of the otherchoices.In makingyourselection,follow the requirementsofstandard writtenEnglish;thatis, pay attention to grammar,choice of words,sentenceconstruction,andpunctuation.Your selectionshouldresult in the mosteffectivesentence-clearand precise,without awkwardnessorambiguity.EXAMPLE:Laura IngallsWilderpublished herfirst bookand she wassixty-five years old then.(A) and she wassixty-fiveyears old then(B) when she wassixty-five(C) at agesixty-fiveyears old(D) uponthe reachingof sixty-fiveyears(E) at the timewhen she wassixty-five@lo@o1. Thebrochure promised thatthe tour wouldenabletravelersto expandtheir horizons, have fun,andnewfriendswill be made.(A) newfriendswill be made(B) new friendswill have been made(C) it saysthey will makenewfriends(D) makingnewfriends(E) makenew friendsPlantsof the onion family,including onions, leeks,scallions, and garlic,often possessesbrightflowers.(A) often possesses(B) often possess(C) often possessing(D) they often possess(E) it often possessesBefore being appointed secretaryof the Departmentof VeteransAffairsin 2009,retiredgeneralEric K.Shinseki hasserved as army chiefof staff from 1999until 2003.(A) has served(B) whoserved(C) havingserved(D) serving(E) servedAt the botanical gardens, visitorscan seemanyvarieties of plants and flowerswalking alons the paths.(A) visitorscan seemany varieties of plants andflowerswalking alongthe pathsvisitorswalking alongthe paths,who can seemanyvarieties of plants and flowersvisitorswho walk alongthe paths canseemanyvarieties of plants and flowersmanyvarieties of plantsand flowerswalkingalongthe paths can be seen by visitorsmanyvarieties of plants and flowersseen byvisitorswho walk alongthe paths(B)(c)(D)(E))aa3.4.-52-Unauthorizedcopyingor reuseofanypart of this pageis illegal.-5. When one developsan immunity to mosquito bites,as sometimeshappens, it nolonger caused swellingand itching of theskin.(A) it nolonger causedswellingand itching oftheskin(B) they nolonger causeone's skin to swelland itch(C) they no longer causeyourskin to swelland itch(D) nolonger causingone's skin to swelland itch(E) no longer causingswellingand itchingof theskinAlthoughthe Linnaean system remainsthe mostcommon methodof classifyingplants,butsomescientistsare beginningto usea newclassificationsystem basedon DNA studies.(A) but some scientistsare beginning(B) however,some scientistshave begun(C) some scientistsare beginning(D) some scientists,beginning(E) some scientistshad began7. For decades,nightclubsat popularsummerresortsin the Catskill Mountainsof NewYorkState servedas traininggroundsfor aspiring comedians,singers,and for otherentertainersaswell.(A) and for otherentertainersaswell(B) and also for otherentertainers(C) and otherentertainers(D) as wellasfor otherentertainers(E) otherentertainersas well8. Beekeepingwas importantin medieval times: honeywas used to sweeten food. while candlesmade frombeeswaxilluminatedreligiousceremoniesandhelpedwith timekeeping.(A) to sweeten food,while candlesmade frombeeswaxilluminated(B) whenthey sweetened food,meanwhilecandlesmade frombeeswaxilluminated(C) in sweeteningfood,withcandlesmade frombeeswax,theYilluminated(D) when sweeteningfood, withcandlesmade frombeeswaxto illuminate(E) in sweeteningfood, meanwhilecandlesmadefrombeeswaxwouldilluminate9. In additionto being a good source of proteinandcalcium, )zogurt containsbacteriathat aregoodfor andbeneficialto the humanimmunesystem.(A) yogurtcontainsbacteriathat aregoodfor and(B) yogurtcontainsbacterianot only goodfor but also(C) yogurtcontainsbacteriathat are(D) yogurt,it containsbacteriathat are(E) yogurt'sbacteriaaregoodfor andL0. Oneof the mostcharmingfishingvillageson GalwayBay.Kinvara's appeal lies in its shelteredharbor andtraditional seafaringatmosphere.(A) Oneof the mostcharmingfishing villagesonGalwayBay, Kinvara's aPPeal(B) One of GalwayBay's mostcharming fishingvillages,theappeal of Kinvara(C) The appeal of Kinvara,one of the mostcharmingfishingvillagesonGalwayBaY,(D) The appeal of Kinyara,one of the mostcharmingfishingvillageson GalwayBay, it(E) iiilil?,"# s:,'*:r; L:HT#:J;'.TI'11.Theharshconditionsin whichbristlecone pine treeslive mayhelp to explaintheirexceptional longevity,becausethose sameconditionsarealso inhospitable tothe peststhatcan attackthe trees.(A) becausethosesameconditionsarealsoinhospitable to(B) becausethosesameconditionswereinhospitablealso for(C) thesameconditionsbeing also inhospitablewith(D) since those conditionsthat arealso inhospitable to(E) those conditionsarealso inhospitable to12. Afterservicing every vehiclein the fleet,the alarminggrindingnoises thathad been comingfrom many of thetrucks disappeared.(A) servicingevery vehiclein the fleet(B) servicingall the vehicles in the fleet(C) every vehiclein the fleet has been serviced(D) all the vehicles in the fleet had been serviced(E) servicingall the fleet's vehicles6.-53-10@Unauthorizedcopyingor reuseofanypart of this pageis illegal.@to13. Some MexicanAmericanfictionwritersuseatechniquecalled code-switching.they shiftbackand fonhbetweenSpanishand Englishto representthe bilingualexperienceof theircharacters.(A) code-switching,they shift(B) code-switching,whereit shifts(C) code-switching,shifting(D) code-switching: he or sheshifts(E) code-switching;whichis shifting14. Whatdistinguishes the paintingsof this artist fromhercontemporariesarethe combinationof vibrantcolors withstrikingpatterns.(A) hercontemporariesare(B) hercontemporariesis(C) those of hercontemporariesare(D) those of hercontemporariesis(E) that of hercontemporariesareSTOPlf you finishbeforetimeis called, youmay check yourwork on this sectiononly.Do not turnto any other section in thetest.'54'S5 S7 S9 S4 S6 S81 C 1 A 1 A 1 E 1 D 1 C2 A 2 C 2 D 2 C 2 A 2 A3 E 3 D 3 E 3 E 3 B 3 C4 C 4 E 4 D 4 D 4 D 4 B5 C 5 A 5 D 5 A 5 D 5 A6 D 6 D 6 C 6 E 6 E 6 C7 D 7 D 7 A 7 B 7 A 7 E8 D 8 E 8 A 8 B 8 C 8 D9 B 9 D 9 D 9 C 9 55 9 D10 E 10 A 10 D 10 C 10 3 10 A11 D 11 B 11 B 11 B 11 5000 11 C12 A 12 B 12 E 12 B 12 25,or 4912 B13 E 13 D 13 C 13 D 13 26 13 D14 D 14 D 14 D 14 E 14 16.5 14 E15 B 15 B 15 A 15 C 15 320 15 D16 A 16 A 16 C 16 E 16 2/3 16 C17 A 17 A 17 E 17 B 17 25