Presented bySaptarshi Panigrahi (20101911036)

Somnath Surai (20101911047)&

Deep Kotal (20101912064)

Under the joint guidance ofProf. (Dr. )N.N BALA

(Principal)&

Mrs. KAMALIKA MAZUMDER (Asst. Professor)

BCDA COLLEGE OF PHARMACY AND TECHNOLOGY

Hridaypur, Barasat, Kolkata – 700127

INDIAN MEDICINAL PLANTS WITH ANTI-DIABETIC POTENTIAL

INTRODUCTION

Diabetes, a chronic systemic disease characterized by metabolic and vascular abnormalities.

Disorder of carbohydrate metabolism.

Results from inadequate production or underutilization of insulin.

TYPE OF DIABETICS

Two Types

1.Diabetes mellitus

2. Diabetes insipidus

Diabetes mellitusCharacterized by glucosuria and hyperglycemia, Diabetes mellitus are

Two forms—Type 1 and Type 2

Type 1—patient secretes no insulin. Cause is felt to be autoimmune.

Type 2- patient secretes insufficient amounts of insulin and insulin receptors are resistant to existent circulating insulin

appetite, weight gain, Fever,Vomiting,Diarrhoea,Hypotension.

Diabetics incepidus

Its caused by insufficient secretion of vasopressin by the pituitary gland or by a failure of the kidneys to respond to circulating vasopressin

Signs and symptoms

Insulin β cells secrete due to high blood glucose levels. Glucose uptake into tissues increases.

Glucagonα cells secrete when blood glucose is low.Glucose is released from tissues back into blood.

Pancreatic axis

Treatment of diabetes (synthetic drugs): Sulphonylureas(Glipizide,Tolbutamide,Glicazide)

Release insulin from pancreas by blocking the ATP-sensitive potassium channels.

Biguanides (Metformin)

Decrease the insulin resistance

α -glucodase inhibitors(Acarbose)

Decrease glucose absorption.

MINERAL REMEDIES Bangabhasma (calcinated tin)Jistbhasma (calcinated zinc) Abhra-bhasma (mica ash)Lohabhasma (calcinated iron)

Good blood-sugar-lowering activity.

HERBAL MEDICINE   Medicine made from plants,used to prevent disease/Promote health.

In fact, herbs are always the alternative medicine and primary source.

The advantages of using herbal medicines are numerous. More effective for long-standing health complaints.

Herbs typically have fewer side effects, and may be safer to use over time.

Common name

Botanical name & Family

Parts used Chemical constituents

Therapeutic action

Onion Allium cepaFamily: (Liliaceae)

Bulb Apigenin reduces high blood sugar.

Garlic Allium sativum ( Family: Liliaceae)

Fruits Alliins, polysaccharides and saponins

Controlled the blood glucose in serum

Beal Aegle marmelos (Family: Rutaceae)

Ripe fruits & leaves Tannin Controlled blood glucose, body weight, liver glycogen.

Banana Musa sapientum (Musaceae)

Fruits/Flower Iron Decreases blood glucose and glycosylated haemoglobin level.

HERBAL PLANTS USED AS ANTIDIABETIC

Guava or Amrood

Psidium guajava (Family: Myrtaceae)

Fruits Flavonoid glycosides such as strictinin, isostrictinin and pedunculagin

improve the sensitivity of insulin.

Bitter melon, Karela

Momordica charantia(Family: Cucurbitaceae)

Fruit pulp, seed, leaves

Contains an insulin like polypeptide,

Decrease blood sugar levels when injected subcutaneously into type 1 diabetic patients and tolerance in Type II diabetes.

Asiatic ginseng

Panax ginseng Roots Ginseng polypeptide

increasing glucose transport and modulation of insulin secretion

Methi Berberine fenurgreek (Family: Leguminosae),

Leaves & seeds

coumarin, trigonelline

insulinreduced fasting and postprandial blood levels of glucose

MECHANISM OF ACTION OF ANTIDIABETIC PLANT

MARKETED PRODUCTS

SL. NO.

BRAND NAME

MANUFACTURER

COMPOSITION

1.

Diabecon

Aloe , black plums, cotton, Shilajeet and powders of Bitter melonBlack Pepper, Tulsi.

2.

Madhumehari

Granules

Gurmar,Jamun guthali ,Gulvel, Karela Beej ,Khadir Chuma, Haldi ,Amia ,vijay-sar ,Tejpatra,Shilajit ,Gularphal Chuma ,Kutki,Chitrak, Methi, Bhavna of Neem Patti ,Bilwa Patra.

4.

Dabur MadhuRakshak

Amla ,Tejpatra ,Vijaysar, Gurmar ,Jamum seed ,Kali marich,Neem leaves ,Methi,Bahera , Shilajit, karela fruit, Hareetaki

Dabur

Baid

yana

thHimalaya

SAFETY AND EFFICACYA recent article reported that diabetic patients may take

complementary therapies or nutrition supplements. Some of these combinations may also lead to potentially harmful interactions.

Greater attention needs to be paid to the broader systems of environment and culture and their interconnections to understand the use of complimentary and alternative medical therapies.

Current knowledge on altered body metabolism during diabetes mellitus can be utilized for development of new trends in herbal antidiabetic research.

Amylin to play a major role in the disturbed metabolism associated with diabetes mellitus.

The search for novel antidiabetic agents that may antagonize amylin, and improve metabolic control in diabetic patients .

FUTURE TRENDS

CONCLUSIONPlant drugs and herbal formulations are frequently considered to be less toxic and free from side effects than synthetic ones.

Based on the WHO recommendations, hypoglycemic agents of plant origin used in traditional medicine are important.

The research for alternate remedies (from the plant kingdom) for diabetes mellitus will continue all over the world as the disease poses many challenges not only to the physician but also to the researcher.

REFERENCES•Maiti R, Jana D, Das UK, Ghosh D. Antidiabetic effect of aqueous extract of seed of Tamarindus indica in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. J Ethnopharmaco 2004;92: 85-91.

•AL Lehninger, DL Nelson, MM Cox. Principle of Biochemistry. New York: Worth Publishers; 2010.

•Pravin K. Bhoyar et al., Int. Herbal Antidiabetics: A Review . J. Res. Pharm. Sci., 2011, 2(1), 30-37.

• Jonnalagadd VG et al., Int. Antidiabetic Herbal Products Marketed in India: An Update. Journal of Medicinal Plants Studies 2013,1(6),24-26.

•TIMES OF INDIA,Kolkata.page:2.Date:16th nov,2014.

THANK YOU

SAPTARSHI PANIGRAHI…………………………