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SAP2000 18.1.0 | 18.1.1 Enhancements

Graphical User Interface

Loads can graphically be displayed on a model for each stage of a staged constructionload case.

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All load types in a load case can be graphically displayed in a single view.

Some display menu forms enhanced, allowing them to remain open for repetitive usewith a new apply button.

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Modeling

New Zealand material property library added.

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Loading

Chinese auto wind loading updated to GB 50009-2012.

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Analysis

New operation added for staged-construction load cases to allow changing linkproperties.

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Event-to-event solution strategy implemented as an option for nonlinear direct-integration time-history analysis.

International Frame Design Codes

Russian SP 63.13330.2012 concrete frame design code added.

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Enhanced Application Programming Interface (API)

API function added to allow setting of the ‘Automatically Generate Code-BasedDesign Load Combinations’ option.

API functions added to allow working with the NTC 2008 response spectrum function,auto seismic load pattern, and auto wind load pattern.

SAP2000 18.0.0 | 18.0.1 Enhancements

Graphical User Interface

Assign and select menu forms have been enhanced to allow them to remain open forrepetitive use with a new apply button.

Floating forms for multiple use

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DirectX graphics mode has been enhanced to use DirectX 11 for enhanced speed andcapabilities.

64-bit version of the graphical user interface (GUI) now available.

Modeling

New 2-D modified Darwin-Pecknold concrete model has been added to the nonlinearlayered shell. This model represents concrete compression, cracking, and shear

behavior under both monotonic and cyclic loading, and accounts for crack rotation.

Layered shell definitions

Semi-rigid option added for diaphragm constraint.

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Diaphragm constraint definition

Modify undeformed geometry feature enhanced to allow applying the modification toa selection of joints, as well as limiting direction of modification.

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Modify undeformed geometry settings

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Loading

Ability to specify accidental eccentricity for response spectrum cases added.

Response spectrum case with diaphragm eccentricities

Automated response spectrum functions according to the Costa Rica Seismic Code2010, Ecuador (NEC-SE-DS 2015), Korean KBC 2009, Mexico (CFE-93 and CFE-

2008), and Peru (NTE E.030 2014) codes added.

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Auto-seismic loading according to Korean Building Code (KBC 2009) added

Auto-seismic loading according to the Dominican Republic (R-001) code added

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Analysis

A new stability check has been added for nonlinear static load cases to report when thestructure may have failed under material or geometric nonlinearities that are not

obvious from the analysis results.

The handling of convergence tolerances for time-dependent behavior during staged-construction analysis has been improved to better enforce equilibrium after large load

increments.

International Frame Design Codes

Concrete Frame Design - ACI 318-08, -11, -14 enhancement allows specifyingDesign System Rho (ρ) and Design System SDS factors in the concrete frame design

preferences.

Steel Frame Design - Eurocode 3-2005 enhancement to perform a basic torsiondesign for I- and tubular sections.

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Steel & Concrete Frame Design - Korean Building Code (KBC 2009) code added

Steel Frame Design - Russian SP 16.13330.2011 code added

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The default design load combinations have been enhanced for ACI 318-08, -11, -14 toinclude roof live load patterns.

The default design load combinations have been enhanced for CSA A23.3-04, CSAA23.3-14, CSA S16-09, and CSA S16-14 to include companion loads.

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Output and Display

Contour plots are now available for frame deflections and axial stresses.

Color displacment contours

The center of mass is now reported in the Assembled Joint Masses table for each masssource.

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Center of mass output

External Import/Export

The export to Revit Structure has been enhanced to export steel sectionsparametrically such that Revit can import the section dimensions if it cannot match the

section name.

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SAP2000 model exported to Revit

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SAP2000 17.3.0 EnhancementsModeling

Pipes and plates templates have been added to the template library.

Pipes and plates templates

Time dependent creep and shrinkage curves for CEB FIP-2010, ACI 209R-92, anduser-defined.

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Creep and Shrinkage curves

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SAP2000 17.2.0 EnhancementsModeling

Section designer now allows prestress tendons to be defined for any concrete sections.

Concrete section with prestress tendons.

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Import/export between SAP2000 and Revit Structure has been enhanced to handleround-tripping.

Revit Structure model from SAP2000.

Loading

A new seastate load pattern has been added to allow the definition of pitch, roll, andyaw scenarios.

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Pitch, roll, yaw load definition.

Automated response spectrum functions have been added for Caribbean countries.

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Dominican Republic response spectrum definition.

New International Frame Design Codes

Concrete Frame Design Codes

o ACI 318-14o CSA A23.3-14

Steel Frame Design Codeso CSA S16-14o Ireland national annex for Eurocode 2 and Eurocode 3o Eurocode 8-2004 Norway National Annex, EN 1998-1:2004 NA:2014X

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ACI 318-14 concrete frame design longitudinal reinforcing results.

SAP2000 17.1.0 and 17.1.1 Enhancements

The following Enhancements have been implemented for SAP2000 v17.1.0 and17.1.1:

The window refresh speed for Classical Plus graphics has been improved.

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The speed of analysis has been increased. Steel frame design according to IS 800:2007 has been updated to include

Amendment #1. Other minor enhancements.

SAP2000 v17 Enhancements

The following Enhancements have been implemented for SAP2000 v17.0.0:

The responsiveness of the user interface has been improved.The DirectX graphics functionality has been enhanced.Improved convergence behavior and increased speed for nonlinear static and direct-

integration time-history analysisSteel Detailing Neutral File (SDNF) version 3 file import is now supported.Print preview is now available when printing images, design output, etc.Other minor enhancements.

SAP2000 V16.1.0 and V16.1.1 Enhancements

Significant enhancements include:

Steel frame design has been added according to the Norsok N-004 2013 code.Steel frame design according to the API RP 2A-WSD 21st edition code has been

updated for supplements 1, 2 and 3.Auto lateral wind load has been added according to the API 4F 2013 code.The Chinese section-property database files have been enhanced by adding new

sections.A bilinear Maxwell damper has been implemented as a new link property. This device

is a linear spring in series with a dashpot whose force-velocity relationship exhibitsbilinear viscous behavior, typical of certain oil dampers having a relief valve.

A friction-spring hysteretic damper has been implemented as a new link property.The force-displacement relationship exhibits linear slipping stiffness when loading,but unloads with a smaller slipping stiffness. A pre-compression displacement and adisplacement stop-limit may be specified.

The specification of the notional size used for time-dependent creep and shrinkageanalysis has been enhanced to now be specified with the frame and shell sectionproperties instead of with the material property.

A new staged-construction operation “Change Section & Age” is nowavailable allowing specification of the “Age at Add” when changing frame sections orshell sections.

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Table output can now request the correspondence between the responsecomponents at a single location for additive-, range-, and enveloping-type loadcombinations. Results that admit correspondence includes most displacement, force,and stress response quantities.

The import of primary data from SACS data files is now available.

SAP2000 V16.0.0, V16.0.1 and V16.0.2 Enhancements

SAP2000 V16.0.0, V16.0.1 and V16.0.2 EnhancementsSignificant enhancements include:

Improved graphics performanceDisplay of multiple grid systems at the same timeNew steel frame design code AISC 360-10New steel frame design code NTC 2008New concrete frame design code ACI 318-11New concrete frame design code NTC 2008

New concrete frame design code NZS 3101-06New concrete frame design code RCDF 2004New concrete frame design code Hong Kong CP 2013Enhanced beam-column capacity check for concrete frame design using Eurocode 2-

2004Stiffness modifiers from the AISC 360 steel frame design direct analysis method are

now available in the database table for assigned frame property modifiersNew wind, seismic, and response-spectrum lateral loads for code IBC 2012New wind lateral loads for code AS/NZS 1170.2-2011New wind, seismic, and response-spectrum lateral loads for code NTC 2008New wind, seismic, and response-spectrum lateral loads for codes TSC 2007 and TS

498-97New response-spectrum lateral loads code AASHTO 2012New assignment to control area loads transferred to framesNew hybrid U-girder frame section propertyNew built-in ASTM bridge steel materialsChinese concrete material and design updated to use characteristic strength rather

than gradeNew link property for modeling triple-pendulum bearingsExternal tendons can now be modeled under user controlPlotting of tendon loads, losses, and axial-force response has been enhanced

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Ground displacement loading now applies to single-joint links, including distributedspring supports, as well as to springs and restraints

Multiple mass sources can be defined for modeling alternative dynamic behaviorThe undeformed shape can now be viewed for various stages of staged construction

load case without running the analysisResponse output for staged-construction load cases now is labeled with the stage

and step within the stageShear stress, von Mises stress, and principal stress response is now available for

certain frame sectionsShell stresses can now be displayed normalized by material strengthBearing pressure on shells from area springs can now be displayedDisplay of frame-design D/C ratios can be limited by a specified threshold valueVerification suites are now provided for steel and concrete frame design by most

codesNew Open API functions to define section-cutsNew Open API functions to define external load cases for frame resultsNew Open API functions to get detailed steel frame design results for certain codesCustomizable keyboard shortcuts for menu commandsSupport for the import and export of files using the IFC 4 formatLicensing will now support web-activation and virtual serversSimplified installation using the CSI Installation WizardOther minor enhancements

SAP2000 V15.2.0 and V15.2.1 Enhancements

The memory capacity has been increased for the graphical user interface, allowinglarger models to be handled.

The analysis of certain non‐symmetrical frame sections now accounts for coupledbending due to the product of inertia, I23, and for the coupling between major shear(V2) and torsion when the shear center is not located at the centroid of the section.Steel frame design and cold‐formed frame design are not affected except as may dueto changes in analysis results. Steel frame design was already accounting for therotated principal axes of bending for angle sections as documented for the variouscodes.

The number of time steps that can be run in a single linear or nonlinear (FNA) modaltime‐history load case has been increased for cases with a large number of linkelements.

Italian material property definitions have been added.Steel frame design using the "AS4100‐1998" and "NZS 3404‐1997" codes have been

enhanced to provide more design details.

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Mass participation ratios for the rotational acceleration loads (RX, RY,and RZ) havebeen changed so that they are now reported with respect to the centroid of thestructure. Previously they were reported with respect to the global origin.

The import of StruCAD*3D models has been enhanced to allow the import of the Cb,Cm, and unbraced‐length design overwrites.

SAP2000 V15.1.0/1 Enhancements

Chinese design has been updated to the 2010 specifications for seismic load patterns,response-spectrum functions, load combinations, concrete frame design, and theseismic provisions for steel frame design. These enhancements are consistent withthe following specifications: “GB50011-2010 Code for seismic design of buildings”,“GB 50010-2010 Code for design of concrete structures”, and “JGJ 3-2010 Technicalspecification for concrete structures of tall building”.

Concrete frame design has been added according to Turkish standard "TS 500-2000",including Seismic Design Code 2007.

The National Annex for Poland has been implemented for concrete frame designusing “Eurocode 2-2004”.

The National Annex for Poland has been implemented for concrete frame designusing “Eurocode 3-2005”.

The definition of material properties has been enhanced to allow user-definedstandard materials through the use of XML files. Properties are segregated by regionand by code-standard within these files as well as when using the materials in thegraphical user interface. New materials have been added for China and Spain.

Steel frame section properties for the AISC Shapes Database Version 14.0 are nowavailable in the section-property database files for U.S Customary and metric units.

Data transfer between SAP2000 v15.1.0 and Revit Structure 2012 is now supportedusing the same .EXR file format that is used to transfer data between ETABS and RevitStructure.

SAP2000 V15.0.1 Enhancements

User-defined stress points may now be specified for Section Designer frame sections.The OAPI (Open Application Programming Interface) has been changed so that

multiple instances of SAP2000 can now be started from an external program orscript.

New functionality has been added to the Open API (Open Application ProgramingInterface) for the design codes.

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SAP2000 V15 Enhancements

New graphical user interface with tabbed windows.New DirectX graphics.Display and output of frame stresses.Load optimization feature to determine the optimal loading scale factors to achieve

goals and limits on displacement and force response throughout the structure.Built-in European concrete and steel material properties.Canadian NBCC loading for wind, seismic, and response-spectrum.American ASCE-7 loading for wind, seismic, and response-spectrum.Italian NTC 2008 response-spectrum functions with geographic database.Indian steel frame design code IS 800 2008.New Zealand steel frame design code NZS 3404-1997.Canadian steel frame design code CSA S16-2009.Updated Hong Kong concrete frame design code to include Supplement 1.Australian concrete frame design code AS3600-2009.Enhanced Eurocode 3-2005 steel frame design, including design for Class 4 sections.National annexes for Eurocode 2-2004 concrete frame design for Singapore,

Germany, and Portugal.National annexes for Eurocode 3-2005 steel frame design for Singapore, Germany,

and Portugal.Hybrid steel frame section property.Simple arc for tendon profile definition.Updated API functionality.Import of StruCAD*3D design parameters and wave acceleration loading.Note that the Bridge module has been moved to the CSiBridge product with

expanded features and capabilities. Basic moving-load analysis has been retained fornon-bridge applications.

Other minor enhancements.

SAP2000 V14.2.4 Enhancements

Significant new features

Concrete frame design has been enhanced to improve the smoothing of P-M-Minteraction surfaces in those rare cases where they become non-convex due to kinksin the P-M curves.

A new design overwrite has been added for steel frame design using the "Eurocode3-2005" code. You may now use the "Is Rolled Section" parameter to indicatewhether the member is rolled or welded. The assignment as rolled or welded affects

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the b/t ratio and therefore may affect the section classification. It may also affect theshear-area calculation.

The limit on the number of nodes (joints) allowed for exporting a model to a SASSIfile has been increased from 9999 to 99999. The exported files are still compatiblewith the older format if fewer than 10000 nodes are exported.

SAP2000 V14.2.3 Enhancements

Significant new features

The program level (Advanced, Plus, Basic) can now be chosen when starting theprogram using a command-line option.

New Quick Materials have been added for common Indian steel, concrete, and rebarmaterial properties.

The length effects for the uniform loads of the British standard HA vehicle (BD-3701)have been updated to the latest edition of the code.

Modal time-history analysis for dynamic bridge loading now runs considerably faster.Multiple enhancements have been made for concrete frame design using Indian code

IS 456-2000 for handling slenderness and P-delta effects.Eurocode 3-2005 steel frame design has been enhanced to provide more detailed

reporting.The export to CIS/2 has been enhanced so that the resulting data files can be read by

SDS/2, and now includes all frame offsets.

SAP2000 V14.2.2 Enhancements

Significant new features

Steel-frame design has been implemented for the Australian design code "AS 4100-1998".

The National Annex parameters for Sweden, Finland, and Denmark have been addedfor concrete frame design per code "Eurocode 2-2004" and for steel frame design per"Eurocode 3-2005".

The sign of all results for hyperstatic load cases has been reversed at the request ofseveral users.

The installation has been changed so that it is no longer necessary for users to usethe command "Run As Administrator" the first time they execute SAP2000 afterupdating to a new version of the program if they uninstall the previous version first.

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SAP2000 V14.2.0 Enhancements

Significant New Features

The CQC3 method of directional combination has been added as an option forresponse-spectrum load cases.

Concrete frame design using code "ACI 318-08" has been implemented.Eurocode 8 seismic provisions have been implemented for concrete frame design

using code “Eurocode 2-2004”. • Eurocode 8 seismic provisions have beenimplemented for steel frame design using code “Eurocode 3-2005”.

The Singapore National Annex to Eurocode 2 (NA to SS EN 1992-1-1 : 2008) has beenimplemented for concrete frame design using “Eurocode 2-2004”.

Snow loads are now included in the automatic load combinations that are created forconcrete design using codes "ACI318-02/IBC2003" and "ACI318-05/IBC2006". Thedocumentation has been updated accordingly.

The design load combinations created by the program for steel frame design code"CAN/CSA-S16-01" now include notional loads, if any have been defined.

The shear design for “Eurocode 2 2004” has been enhanced to optimized for angle“theta” in Section 6.2.3 of the code.

The identification of lateral load cases (seismic or wind) has been improved fornonlinear cases which may contain these loads. This affects the increase inallowables for some design codes.

The design preferences for concrete, steel, cold-formed steel, and aluminum designhave been enhanced to provide more control for the creation of internal design loadcombinations involving nonlinear and staged-construction static load cases.

User-defined frame hinges can now be assigned to any frame section or any material.Previously, hinges could only be assigned to certain known section types, such asrectangular and circular concrete sections; steel pipes, tubes, and wide-flangesections; and Section-Designer sections.

Displayed plot functions have been enhanced by adding the ability to plot forces forsection cuts that have been defined using quadrilateral cutting planes. Previouslyonly forces for sections cuts defined from groups could be displayed as plotfunctions.

When displaying mode shapes graphically, the modal frequency is now displayed aswell as the modal period.

Improvements have been made to nonlinear direct-integration time history analysisto improve its speed and convergence.

Three new options are now available for dividing frame objects using the commandEdit > Edit Line > Divide Frames. They are (1) Divide at a specified distance from the I-end of the frame, (2) Divide at the intersection with a coordinate plane in the currentcoordinate system, and (3) Divide at the intersection with visible grid planes in thecurrent coordinate system.

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An enhancement has been made to the graphical user interface so that the view nolonger zooms out after certain operations, such as showing selection only,performing editing operations like deletion, and returning from the Bridge Modeler.

The import and export of IFC files has been updated to include Schema 2x2, 2x3, and2x3_TC1, including the import/export of sections properties.

The ability to export physical objects to IGES files has been added. Previously allobjects were exported as FEM entities. Now you can choose either option. If youexport as FEM, loads and properties are also exported. If you export as physicalobjects, only geometrical line and surface entities will be created, but properties andloads will not be exported.

A new option to export a Perform3D Structure has been added. Most geometry,material and section properties, restraints, diaphragm constraints, groups, loads, andload cases are exported for frame and shell elements. Corresponding Perform3Dmembers are created depending on the properties and assignments present on theindividual SAP2000 members. Detailed hinge properties and other Perform3D-specific features must be defined in Perform3D.

The Open API function that hides the GUI now also turns off the drawing functionsfor increased execution speed.

SAP2000 V14.1.0 Enhancements

Significant New Features

The capability to export a slab model to SAFE V12 has been implemented. This will besupported by SAFE V12.2 when it is released.

Detailed design checking has been implemented for multi-cell prestressed-concretebox-girder bridge superstructures according to the “AASHTO LRFD 2007” code usingLive-Load Distribution Factors. This is in addition to the whole-section designpreviously released. Design checks are available for stress, flexural capacity, andshear capacity using MCFT (modified compression field theory).

Concrete frame design has been implemented using the AASHTO LRFD 2007” code.Significant speed improvements have been made to the generation of

AASHTO/Caltrans frame hinges for pushover analysis.General improvements have been made to the automated bridge seismic design

feature.The concrete U-girder frame section can now also be used to model steel tubs in the

Bridge Modeler. Each section can be supported by a single bearing at the center, ortwo bearings at the edges of the girder.

The modeling of steel-girder diaphragms for steel girder bridges has been improvedto provide better support for the lower flange.

Automated wind lateral loading for Australia and New Zealand has beenimplemented according to the 2002 AS/NZS 1170.2 code.

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The Norwegian national parameters have been implemented for auto seismic loadingaccording to the “Eurocode 8” code.

The API 4F automated wind load has been enhanced to include a shielding factor.Steel frame design for the “NORSOK N-004” code, including punching checks, has

been added to the Offshore module. The design of non-tubular sections is inaccordance with Eurocode 3-2005 with the Norwegian National Annex.

The Norwegian national parameters have been implemented for concrete framedesign using the “Eurocode 2-2004” code and steel frame design using the “Eurocode3-2005” code.

The 3-D rotation command in the graphical user interface has been improved forworking in zoomed-in regions.

SAP2000 V14 Enhancements

Computers & Structures, Inc. is proud to announce the release of SAP2000 V14. Theinnovative enhancements in this version are categorized below. This fully integrated productfor the modeling, analysis and design of structures continues to be available in three levels:Basic, Plus and Advanced.

Nonlinear and Pushover

A nonlinear, layered shell element using a directional material model has been addedfor pushover analysis of shear-wall structures and similar applications. A Quick-Startoption is provided for easy modeling of reinforced concrete sections. Show meNonlinear Shearwall capabilities

Plot functions have been added for shell layer stresses.Frame hinges for Section Designer sections “To be Designed” have been enhanced to

use the designed amount of rebar when available.Section Designer has been enhanced for the display of fiber-model PMM surface.The default material properties for concrete have been modified to improve

convergence behavior.The tangent stiffness used for the iteration of fiber hinges and multi-linear links has

been changed to improve convergence.

Dynamics

Material-based damping is now available for linear and nonlinear direct-integrationtime-history analysis.

Material-based damping is now available for steady-state and PSD analysis.Stiffness-proportional damping now uses initial stiffness instead of tangent stiffness

to improve the consistency of results and convergence behavior.

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The rigid-response calculation in response-spectrum analysis has been enhanced forNRC and general use.

Base reactions for response-spectrum and modal time-history analysis have beenimproved for springs and grounded link supports to better capture missing-masseffects.

Base reactions no longer include constraint forces at restraints, for consistency.

Bridge Modeling and Design

AASHTO LRFD 2007 superstructure design for precast concrete composite sectionshas been implemented. Checks include: stress, flexure, and shear (using MCFT). Showme how Automated Seismic Design of Bridges works

Fully automated bridge design check per AASHTO Guide Specifications for LRFDSeismic Bridge Design 2009 has been implemented, including pushover analysis whenrequired.

Automated handling of secondary prestress force has been implemented for theAASHTO LRFD 2007 superstructure flexural design check for prestressed concrete boxgirder sections.

The AASTHO/USGS 2007 response-spectrum function has been added.Variable girder spacing along the length of the bridge superstructure is now available.Variable reference-point location along the length of the bridge superstructure is

now available.Alignment of shell local axes in generated bridge models has been enhanced.The longitudinal discretization of bridge models is now more uniform in complex

models.Tendons modeled as elements now allow elastic, creep, shrinkage, and steel-

relaxation losses to be directly specified.The displacements for constrained joints in staged construction are no longer

updated for deflection until they are actually added to the model.

New Design Code Related Enhancements

Eurocode-2 2004 concrete frame design added, without seismic provisions.Eurocode-3 2005 steel frame design added, without seismic provisions.Australian concrete frame design per code AS 3600-2001 added, including seismic

provisions.Multiple enhancements made for Indian concrete frame design per code IS 456-2000.Multiple enhancements made for Chinese 2002 concrete frame design.Multiple enhancements made for Chinese 2002 steel frame design.Auto-lateral loads added for Eurocode: Wind, Seismic, and Response-spectrum.Auto-lateral loads added for Australia: Seismic and Response-spectrum.Auto-lateral loads added for New Zealand: Seismic and Response-spectrum.

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Other Enhancements to the Graphical User Interface (GUI) Multiple enhancementshave been made to the graphical display for clarity and speed.

Multi-stepped static analysis of Bridge Live loads acting on frame elements is nowavailable in Plus/Advanced levels without the Bridge license for modeling craneloads, footfall, etc.

Single-stage construction cases starting from zero are now available inPlus/Advanced levels without the Staged-construction license for modeling separategravity and lateral configurations, different support conditions, etc.

The import of StruCAD*3D data files is now available.New and updated API functions have been implemented.

Notes:

To be able to take advantage of the features of the newer CPU's, SAP2000 V14 willnot run on some of the older CPU's from Intel and AMD. A CPU that has SSE2 supportis now required

SAPfire® Analytical Engine now includes a multi-threaded solver that can takeadvantage of the newer multi-core CPUs.

Support for Microsoft® Windows 2000 and Microsoft® Windows NT has beendiscontinued. Microsoft® Windows XP without Service Pack 2 may cause unexpectedproblems when running SAP2000 V14.

With a 64 bit operating system, SAPfire® Analytical Engine can utilize more than 4 GBof RAM, making it possible to more efficiently solve larger problems.

The problem size that can be solved & the solution speed increases considerably withmore RAM. Vista requires more RAM than XP for the operating system itself.

OpenGL graphics mode fully utilizes the hardware acceleration provided by a GPU &dedicated graphics RAM.