sanimas sanimas –– community based sanitation community ... · 9/22/2011 · sanimas sanimas...

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Presentation to the 3rd International Workshop and 7th Annual Meeting of Water

Environment Partnership in Asia

SANIMAS SANIMAS –– Community Based Sanitation Community Based Sanitation SmallSmall ScaleScale DomesticDomestic WastewaterWastewater

Nanda Lasro Elisabet Sirait

Directorate General of Human Settlements

Nanda Lasro Elisabet Sirait

Directorate General of Human Settlements

Small Small Scale Scale DomesticDomestic Wastewater Wastewater TreatmentTreatment

Directorate General of Human SettlementsDirectorate General of Human Settlements

M I N I S T R Y O F P U B L I C W O R K SD I R E C T O R A T E G E N E R A L O F H U M A N S E T T L E M E N T S

Indonesia at a GlanceIndonesia at a GlanceII

Population up to 230 million

with 57,86% live in rural areas

(Statistics Indonesia, 2009)

17,504 islands 1,890,754 km2

(Statistics Indonesia, 2009)

GDP per capita US$ 4,149

(Moody’s Index, 2009)

Human Development Index

1

p

ranking 111 of 182 countries

(UNDP, 2009)

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Problems and ChallengesProblems and ChallengesIIII

Sanitation

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Low access to sanitation facility in the community


SanitationIndustrial waste water

without treatmentOpen defecation

Makeshifts Latrines

Waste in drainage channel Illegal dumping of

sewage sludge

3Washing and bathing in

polluted rivers

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Sanitation

Sanitation in Indonesia in Year 2009 (BPS, 2010)

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Improved Sanitation: Public/shared/private toilet with water closet and septic tank.

Millennium Development GoalsMillennium Development GoalsIIIIII

Goal 7 Target 10to halve the number of people without access to clean water and basic sanitation facilities by 2015

1993 2007 2009 TARGET 2015(%) (%) (%) (%)

AProportion of Population with Access to Water Supply

37,73 52,10 47,71 68,87

- Protected Non-Piped System (in urban areas) 87,60 49,82 78,19- Protected Non-Piped System (in rural areas) 52,10 45,72 61,60

B Piped Water Supply System 25,56 41,03

MDGs PROGRESS REPORT 2009No. INDICATOR

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- Urban areas 30,80 43,96 68,32- Rural areas 9,00 11,54 19,76

C Improved Sanitation 24,74 68,00 51,02 62,37- Urban Households 81,80 59,55 78,30- Rural Households 60,00 34,00 55,54

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Policies and StrategiesPolicies and StrategiesIVIV

Wastewater

1. Increase access to wastewater facilities, both on-site and off-site systems, in

urban and rural areas to improve community’s health

2. Increase both community and private sectors participation in the management

of wastewater

3. Developing Regulations Related to Domestic Waste Water Management

4. Strengthening Institution and Improving Operator’s Capacity Related to Waste

Water Management

5. Increasing and Developing Alternatives of Financial Resources for Sanitation

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5. Increasing and Developing Alternatives of Financial Resources for Sanitation

Strategic Plan 2010-2014Strategic Plan 2010-2014VV

Wastewater

1. Improving the Quality of Wastewater Infrastructure

Objective: to improve the quality of housing environment and access to

basic infrastructures to improve community’s wellbeing

Programme: Wastewater Infrastructure Development (On-site System)

Target: 210 locations in 32 provinces

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• Old Paradigm(before 2005)

• New Paradigm

Paradigm ChangesParadigm ChangesVIVI

TARGET

ORIENTED

• No sense of belonging

PUBLIC NEEDS

ORIENTED

• Community involvement

8Pioneer : World Bank, BORDA NGO and Watsan Working Group

g g

• Neglected sanitatin

system

• Sustainable sanitation

system

SANIMASSANIMASVIVIII

To improve access for poor community in urban areas and community inrural areas with limited access towards sanitation

Objective

To have community based sanitation as an alternative choice for a sustainable sanitation infrastructure

Requirements: - Slum area in urban areas with population density of > 150 pe / ha

Will not polluted water supply sources e g surface water and ground

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- Will not polluted water supply sources e.g. surface water and ground water

- SANIMAS construction is built with cheap local material- Alternative of technology is chosen by the community according to local

needs

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SANIMASSANIMASVIVIII

• Demand Responsive Approach/DRA

• Participative

Principles

B i P i i l f Alt ti T h l

• Participative

• Multi-sources of Funding

• Technical Options

• Self-selection Process

• Capacity Building

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Basic Principles of Alternative Technology:- cost consideration- efficient- ease in operation and maintenance- low energy usage- appropriate technology

•Preparation of Facilitators•(Selection, training)

•Letter of Intend

•- Selected city •- MoU• Selected facilitator

•Location, facitators, MoU

•Preparation•Sosialization, Workshop

SANIMAS – Implementation MechanismsSANIMAS – Implementation MechanismsVVIIII

(Se ect o , t a g)

• Community Action Plan

•Selected Location

•- Selected facilitator

•Preparation of Community Based Organisation (CBO)

•Training of CBO

Location Selection•Longlist , Shortlist

•Organization, alternative of technology, DED, Budgeting, activity schedule

•Preparation of Community Action Plan

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•- Training for operators•- Socialization for users

•Infrastructure is ready to use•Implementation and supervision by community

•Construction

•O & M• Efluen meets the standards• Reducing of waterborne deseases

• Sustainable infrastructure

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•Sewerage system

SANIMAS – Fill the GAPSANIMAS – Fill the GAPVIVIII

CONVENIENCE • On-site system

• CBS system

12COST

SANIMAS – REPLICATION 2006-2009SANIMAS – REPLICATION 2006-2009VIVIII

Year ProvinceRegency /

MunicipalityLocation

Technology User

Public shared

Communal Combine HH Inhabitantshared

toiletsewerage system

HH Inhabitant

2006 20 53 65 54 8 3 5.700 23.886

2007 22 80 125 100 22 3 11.894 55.753

2008 16 69 108 81 17 10 11.061 48.984

2009 17 65 97 74 14 9 7.200 36.017

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Total 22 124 395 309 61 25 35.855 164.640

2011 : 17 Provinces, 54 Location

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Location selection should follow the SANIMAS guidelines

SANIMAS – Success FactorsSANIMAS – Success FactorsVIVI

g

Involvement of the community since the beginning will increase their sense of belonging

Access to clean water is available (tap water, surface water, ground water etc.)

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Community involvement since the beginning of the program became an important factor for sustainable development

SANIMAS – Lesson LearnedSANIMAS – Lesson LearnedVIVI

Community development consume about 70% of implementation time

Community need technical assistance and supervision for SANIMAS construction

After construction, we should never forget the CBO, they still need an advisory

Capacity building for all stakeholder including local

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p y g ggovernment

Difficulty to find a land for WWT can be solved with creativity (under path way, social facility, public facility etc.)

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MCK++(Public shared toilet) with BIOGAS SYSTEM

at KEDIRIMUNICIPALITY

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COMMUNAL WASTEWATER SYSTEM AT BLITAR/PASURUAN

MUNICIPALITY

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COMMUNAL WASTEWATER SYSTEMAT DENPASAR MUNICIPALITY

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BlitarCommunal system

PasuruanCommunal system

DenpasarCommunal system

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Sidoarjo RegencyPublic shared toilet

KediriPublic shared toilet

MojokertoPublic shared toilet

Courtesy to BORDA and Partners

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SANIMAS - ParticipativeSANIMAS - Participative

SOCIALIZATION IN YOGYAKARTA


CONSTRUCTION IN YOGYAKARTA

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FINISHING PROCESS


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SANIMAS - Multi-sources fundingSANIMAS - Multi-sources funding

Central Central

SANIMAS LocalLocalgovernmentgovernment

governmentgovernment

Province Province governmentgovernment

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Donor/Private/Donor/Private/NGONGO

CommunityCommunity

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SANIMAS FUNDING per LOCATION 2006-2009

1. Community empowerment cost : 15% Local government,

15% NGO of construction cost

1. Construction Cost :

• Central Gov. : Rp. 100 M

• Local Gov. :Rp. 200 M

• Community : 2-4 % (in-cash), land, labor, local material etc

3 O ti l C t

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3. Operational CostResponsibility of each stakeholder

No. ActivitiesCentral Gov.

Local Gov.

BORDA Community

I Preparation √ √

SANIMAS FUNDING MECHANISM FY 2008

II Kampong Selection √ √

III Community Action Plan Preparation

√ √

IV Community development

√ √ √

V Construction-MaterialSalary

√ √√

√√

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-Salary-Land

√√

√√

VI Facilitator √ √ √

VII O & M √ √

VIII Monitoring & Evaluation

√ √ √

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Operation and Maintenance

Public Share Toilet– for 250 inhabitantsI. O & M Cost

Expenses Rp /month

1. Operator & guard Regional miniimum wage 420,000.00

2. Electricity 1300 Watt (pump + lighting) 180,000.00

3. Sludge desludging Rp. 500,000,-/ 2 years 21,000.00

4. Sanitizer Soap, detergen, vixal etc 60,000.00

5. Pump maintenance Rp. 100,000,- / year 9,000.00

6. Others Bulb,paint, mob etc. 75,000.00

Total O& M 765,000.00

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Total O& M 765,000.00

II. Contribution

Activity Rp. / use

1. Shower 150 - 500

2. Toilet 150 - 500

3. Washing + water 150 - 500

Note : cost calculation for 2006

Operation and Maintenance

Communal Wastewater System– for 750 inhabitants

O&M Cost Rp./month

I. ToiletOM cost is responsibility of the userII. House connection

III. Main pipe and WWT

1. Operator Inspection 4x/month : WWT, main pipe, secondary pipe @ Rp. 25.000,- / Inspection

100,000.00

2. Desludging every 2 years Rp. 500.000,- 21,000.00

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g g y y p , ,

3. Others: pipe repairment, box control , WWT. Assumption: pipe repairment 40 m' per 2 years

45,000.00

Total O & M 166,000.00

Household contribution per month 1,952.94

Round-up 2,000.00

Note : cost calculation for 2006

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SANIMAS

Technical OptionsTechnical Options

4th ComponentDisposal /

Reuse Option

3rd ComponentTreatment

Choices

Choices

5th ComponentOperation

and MaintenanceChoices

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Treatment

2nd ComponentPiping System

1st ComponentToilet Choices

Choices

Communal Septic Tank

Communal Wastewater System

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Public Share Toilet ++

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Test result of CBS Small scale sewerage system with Dewats technology at Kampung Ngampilan Yogyakarta, 11 November2003

Effluent Test ResultEffluent Test Result

ParameterParameter ResultResultDomestic wastewater Domestic wastewater

effluent standardseffluent standards**

BODBOD 39 mg/l39 mg/l 50 mg/l50 mg/l

CODCOD 55 mg/l55 mg/l 100 mg/l100 mg/l

TSSTSS 22 mg/l22 mg/l 30 mg/l30 mg/l

2003

•* Source : Environmental Minister Decree No 112 /2003 about do

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• Source : Environmental Minister Decree No. 112 /2003 about domestic wastewater effluent standards

behavioral changes

•SANIMAS

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sanimas sanimas –– community based sanitation community ... · 9/22/2011 · sanimas sanimas...

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