Nano Res.

Electronic Supplementary Material

Sandwich structured graphene-wrapped FeS-graphene nanoribbons with improved cycling stability for lithiumion batteries

Lei Li1, Caitian Gao1,2, Anton Kovalchuk1, Zhiwei Peng1, Gedeng Ruan1, Yang Yang1,3,†, Huilong Fei1,

Qifeng Zhong1,4, Yilun Li1, and James M. Tour1,3,5 ()

1 Department of Chemistry, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, USA 2 School of Physical Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China 3 NanoCarbon Center, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, USA 4 State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China 5 Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, USA † Present address: Department of Materials and Engineering, University of Central Florida, 12424 Research Parkway Suite 423,Orlando, Florida 32826, USA

Supporting information to DOI 10.1007/s12274-016-1175-x

Figure S1 SEM image of graphene nanoribbons.

Address correspondence to tour@rice.edu

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Figure S2 XRD pattern (a) and XPS spectrum (b) of FeS-GNRs.

Figure S3 TGA curve of G@FeS-GNRs with a 69% FeS content, recorded in air at a heating rate of 10 °C/min. The residual of G@FeS-GNRs is Fe2O3, FeS content in the composite is calculated based on the weight change in the TGA curve by considering the weight loss of Fe2O3 transformed from FeS. (The total weight amount of G@FeS-GNRs is set to 100%, FeS content is X, the weight loss of transformation between Fe2O3 and FeS is (88 – 80)X/88. The total weight loss of 37.4% results from the weight loss of carbon materials of (100% – X) and the weight loss of transformation between Fe2O3 and FeS. Therefore, 37.4% = (100% – X) + (88 – 80)X/88. According to this equation, FeS content of X was calculated and was equal to 69%.)

Figure S4 (a) Cyclic voltammetry curves of FeS-GNRs in the potential ranges of 0.01 and 3.0 V (vs. Li/Li+) at a scan rate of 0.4 mV/s. (b) The discharge charge curves of FeS-GNRs in the potential range of 0.01 and 3.0 V (vs. Li/Li+) at a current density of 0.1 A/g.

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Figure S5 (a) Coulombic efficiency of G@FeS-GNRs and FeS-GNRs at different cycle numbers during the rate test. (b) Coulombic efficiency of G@FeS-GNRs and FeS-GNRs at different cycle numbers during the cycling test.

Table S1 Summary of representative FeS-based electrode materials for lithium ion batteries

aFeS@RGO: reduced graphene oxide wrapped FeS; bC@FeS: carbon coated troilite FeS; cFeS@TiO2: TiO2 modified FeS nanostructures; dFS-ND PGC-NW: FeS nanodots in porous graphitic carbon nanowires; eFeS@C/carbon cloth: carbon-coated FeS on carbon cloth; fFe-S-CM: iron sulfide-embedded carbon microspheres. Some of the values are obtained from the reported plots.

Table S2 The EIS simulation parameters of G@FeS-GNRs and FeS-GNRs

Active material Rs (Ω) CPE (μF) RSEI+ct (Ω) Zw (Ω) Cint (mF)

G@FeS-GNRs 5.8 1.9 39.6 94.2 32.0

FeS-GNRs 3.0 0.4 188.7 303.0 135

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