*Pretest is the same as last year SAMs test!

The Joint Commission (TJC) list of abbreviations that should be spelled out: * On Pre test

q.d., Q.D. Write daily or every dayq.o.d., Q.O.D. Write every other dayU Write UnitIU Write International UnitMS, MSO4 Write morphine sulfateMgSO4 Write magnesium sulfate.5 mg Write 0.5 mg, use zero before a decimal point when the dose is less than a whole1.0 Do not use a decimal point or zero after a whole number

DO NOT USE list: *On Pre test c.c. use ml (milliliter)mg (cursive m) use mcg (microgram)> write greater than< write less thanDrug name abbreviations write out the full name of the drugApothecary units use metric units@ write at

LIQUID CONVERSION30 ml = 1 oz = 2 tbsp (T) = 6 tsp (t) 15 ml = ½ oz = 1 T = 3 (t)1000 ml = 1 quart (qt) = 1 liter500 ml = 1 pint (pt)5 ml = 1 tsp (t)4 ml = 1 fl dr1 ml = 15 (16) minims = 15 (16) drops (gtt) = 1 cc1 L = 32 oz ; 1 oz = 30 ml ; 1 ml = 15 drops (gtt)

- I think there was a question on what household item you would use to dumb down the measurement to patients.

Random Metric: 1 gram (g) = 1000 mg = 15 grains1 milligram (mg) = 1000 micrograms1 gram = 15 grains; 1 grain = 60 milligrams

Units of Measurement in the Household System1 drop (gt) (gtt) = 1 minim 1 teaspoon (t) = 60 drops (gtt) (gtts) 5 ml1 tablespoon (T) = 3 teaspoons (t)1 ounce (oz) = 2 tablespoons (T)

1 coffee cup = 6 ounces (oz)1 measuring cup = 8 ounces (oz)

1 inch = 0.0254 meter1 inch = 2.54 centimeters

Dosage, Generic Name, Brand (trade) name, Drug form, Lot number, Expiration date, Manufacturer: all on label * Pretty sure we read a label and list all of these.

6 Rights

Patient, Drug, Dose, Time, Route, Documentation

Generic Name vs Trade (Brand) Name

Ex: Generic: Acetaminophen; Trade: Tylenol

2 patient Identifiers: Name & Birth date

Ear Medication administration: kids- down & back ; adults- up & back

3 ml = SQ max fluid5 ml = IM max fluid

- I remember one question conversion that asks us which syringe we would use. - We color in amount of ml on syringes & measure- Read an insulin syringe. *remember insulin is in Units. - On one of the questions remember to read the fine print because that is how you solve the

question.

SQ- ½ -1 inch needleSD – 5/8 inch (TB syringe)IM- 1 to 1 ½ inch

Drug Calculations Basic Formula:

D (desired) / H (on hand) x V (vehicle, drug form) = amount to give

Example: order: amoxicillin 100 mg, po, q6h. Available: amoxicillin 250 mg/5 ml500/250 = 2 ml amoxicillin

H (on hand) : V (vehicle) :: D (desired) : x (unknown)

Example: amoxicillin 100 mg, po, q6hAvailable: amoxicillin 250 mg/5ml

H (250 mg) : V (5ml) :: D (100 mg) : X ml250x = 500 X = 2 ml amoxicillin

Body Weight (Kilograms)

To change pounds to kilograms divide by 2.2.

Ex: Change 44 pounds to kg. 44/ 2.2 = 20 kg

Dosage/kg/day = dosage/day(dosage x kg = dose/day)

IV Flow Rate: Countinusous Method

Amount of fluid/ hours to administer = ml/hr

Ml/hour x gtt/ml (IV set) /60 min/hour = gtt/min

Ex: Order: 1000 ml, D5/ ½ NSS over 8 hours; IV set: macrodrip 10 gtt/ml

1000 ml/ 8 hours = 125 ml/ hour125 ml/hr X 10 gtt/ml / 60 min/ hr = 21 gtt/min

Drug Measurements and Drug Forms

cap capsuledr dramelix elixirg, gm, G, GM gramgr graingtt dropskg kilograml, L literm2 square metermcg microgrammEq milliequivalent

mg milligrammL, ml milliliterm, min minimoz ouncept pintqt quartSR sustained releaseSupp suppositorySusp suspensionT.O. telephone orderT, tbsp tablespoont, tsp teaspoonV. O. verbal order

Times of Administration

AC before mealsAd lib as desiredb.i.d twice a dayc withhs hour of sleepNPO nothing by mouthPC, pc after mealsPRN as neededQ everyqAM every morningqh every hourq2h every 2 hoursq4,6,8hs withoutSOS once if necessaryStat immediatelyt.i.d three times daily

pg 162-167 all about syringespg 167 has the size and lengths pg 168 has a picture of placement of needles