HAMILTON DRINKING WATER

FLUORIDE RESIDUAL

ENVR CY601 Sampling and Analysis

By: Jojo Taguinod & Felisha York

Title:

Hamilton Drinking Water Fluoride Residual Test Using Ion Selective Electrode Method [Standard Method 4500-Fˉ C].

Client: ???

Purpose:

To determine the residual concentration of fluoride in Hamilton drinking water against the standard set by Regulation170/2003

Background: The regulation states that the health standard when

added is 1.5 ppm. The Technical Support Document for Ontario Drinking Water Quality Standards Objectives and Guidelines requires that fluoride concentration in the water should be maintained between 0.50 ppm and 0.80 ppm.

Fluoride is a regulated inorganic chemical parameter in the drinking water to control tooth decay. However, too much fluoride in the water can cause teeth mottling, increase bone density and even brittleness of the bones.

The samples to be tested will come from household tap water and Mohawk College in Hamilton, ON area only.

Scope of Work:

Sampling Plan:We had 2 sampling location selected randomly. All the samples are grab samples without any preservatives. We used 500ml PET bottle [preferred by the Standard Methods, 22nd Edition]; rinsed it for three times before taking the samples. Each bottle per location are tested for three times.

Analysis Plan:The analytical test method we used is Ion-Selective Electrode Method [Standard Method 4500-Fˉ C].

TISAB III will also be used to: provide a uniform ionic strength background adjust pH and breaks up complexes.

Standard Methods For The Examination of Water and Wastewater, 22nd Edition, pg. 4-83-86. 2012

QA/QC: Before the test, the fluoride electrode is (Two-point)

calibrated by using the 0.20 mg/L and 2.0 mg/L fluoride standard solutions.

QC check is performed after calibration using a 1mg/L fluoride standard solution and every after test.

Replicate performed every 3 samples tested. Slope check. Spike Recovery. QC control chart

QA/QC:QC parameters Mohawk College

Tap waterMy household

tap water

Calibration Slope* (mV/dec)

-55.7 -55.7

Average Fˉ residual (ppm)

0.641 0.571

% Spike Recovery 93.9 98.9

*Recommended -54 to -60 mV/dec

QA/QC:

1 Observation outside the action line 2/3 consecutive measurement between the

warning and action line 7 consecutive measurement above or below

the mean line 6 consecutive measurement all steadily

increasing or all decreasing regardless of where they are located

No obvious non random pattern

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 100.95

0.96

0.97

0.98

0.99

1.00

1.01

1.02

1.03

1.04

QC Control Chart

Time

Co

nce

ntr

atio

n (

pp

m)

Action Line

Warning Line

Action Line

Warning Line

QC

Project timeline / Project Management:

Plan project topic

Identify Client

Submit draft

Sampling/Analysis

Result in Power Point

Review & Submit

Presentation

13-Jan 23-Jan 2-Feb 12-Feb 22-Feb 4-Mar 14-Mar 24-Mar 3-Apr 13-Apr 23-Apr

Cost Estimate/Analysis: Fluoride electrode - $ 1000.00 Hot bath - $ 3500.00 Dispensette - $ 400.00 Fluoride standards (0.20, 1.0 & 2.0 mg/L - $ 450.00 TISAB - $ 300.00 Magnetic stirrer/Pet bottle/beaker/grad. cylinder - $

100.00 Analyst pay/hr. - $ 25.00

Estimated Total Cost: $ 6150.00

Note: Prices are based from Thermo Scientific, Hach Catalog and reliable resource person.

Appendix:

Sampling Location: Mohawk College: Household Tap Water

Appendix:

Fluoride electrode Fluoride Standards

Hot bath

Appendix:

Industrial Waste Treatment, A Field Study Training Program, Vol 1, 3rd Edition, pg 173, 2005

Appendix: Raw Data

List of references: Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and

Wastewater, 22nd Edition, 2012, 4500-Fˉ C. Ion Selective Electrode Method, pg. 4-85 – 4-86.

Safe Drinking Water Act 2002, O. Reg 170/2003

Thermo Fisher Scientific User Guide Fluoride Ion Selective Electrode , n.d, 2007

Industrial Waste Treatment, A Field Study Training Program, Vol 1, 3rd Edition, pg 173, 2005

End:

MERCI…