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    Part2 ArticleTKey points Note what type of publication the artic1e is to appear in - for example, aninternational travel magazine for adults would require a neutral or formal

    register, whereas a college magazine aimed at teenagers could be written in avery informal register. Make sure the register you use is consistent throughout the artic1e. Remember to inc1ude an appropriate title. Introduce your topie in the opening paragraph. Be as c1ear and informative as possible. Engage the reader's interest throughout.Task An international magazine is running a series ot articles on the current problems

    being taced by young people around the world. You have been asked to writeabout a problem that particularly affects young people in your area. Your articleshould include suggestions tor a solution to this problem.

    Samp1e answer..

    Nowhere left to goneutral / seMformal registfor 'serious'magazine aradult readers

    interesting titleto encouragereader to go onreading Growing up today should be an exciting experience, with every o ortunity- but the reality is all too commonly the very opposite. Inmy own town,the recession has hit hard. In a shrinking job market, young people arenow leaving college with little prspect of finding work. Many are ongovernment benefit and have endless 'free time' seven days a week. Butwhere are they supposed to go? Severallocal facilities which used to beavailable are in the process of being closed down by our council, who claimthat they have insufficient funds to keep them open.

    One example of this is my locallibrary, where up untillast month it waspossible to go and read the newspapers, or meet a friend for a cheap cupof coffee and a chato With the recent closure of this and other facilities,young people are forced to hang around outside, shiverng on parkbenches, or drift through the shopping centre, without the money to buythe things they see. Or,even worse, they don't leave their rooms at alland become reclusive.

    strong openingsentencethroughcontrast clear outlineproblem

    developmentthrough onespecificexample

    solutionincluded

    Our council must take urgent action to bring these people back intosociety. If necessary, working people in the community could pay higherlocal taxes, in order that facilities are reopened and new leisure pursuitsand further training can be provided. If nothing is done, our communitywl/not have a safe or happy future, since this rejection wl/ultimatelylead to crime and social unrest.

    final sentenceconcludesarticle forcefiJand leavesreader withsomething tothink about

    1861 W,iting Resource -

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    Part2 CharacterReferenceT

    Sample answer

    uces aent point

    Make sure the information you give is relevant.Write in a formal register - you are writing to an employer.Identify how you know the person briefly and clearly.Use a variety of expressions to convey positive qualities, rather than repeatingthe same phrase.Include a reference to a weakness.Conclude by recommending the person for the job.

    A colleague of yours at work has applied for a job in the export sales departmentof a large multinational company. Since you have known and worked with thisperson for over five years, you have been asked to write a character reference tosupport the application. You should include relevant information both about thebusiness skills and the character of your colleague.

    To whoever it may concernGiuseppe AccinniGiuseppe Accinni and 1 have been colleagues in the salesdepartment of CFTD for nearly six years. During this periodowe have worked closely together on a number of exportcampaigns. an area in which Giuseppe himself has over tenyears' experience.Over the years. he has built up a number of close working

    relationships with key customers. who trust him completely.He gives an impression of honesty and fair-play in hisbusiness dealings. although he usually manages to get theoptimum agreement for our company.Giuseppe is extremely dedicated to his work. For example.

    he has often remained at his desk late at night. in order tomake vital phone calls to the other side of the world. Thiszealous. single-minded approach does cause exhaustion andGiuseppe can occasionally be difficult to work with.However. his brief displays of bad temper seem a small priceto pay for the success that he achieves ando generally. he isa likeable collea~He has a flair for foreign languages and is fluent in

    English. French and Spanish. 1 have seen him conduct meetingsin each of these languages with confidence and he is equallyat ease using them in a social setting. Our clients appreciatehis readiness to use their language and this has often been asignificant factor in closing a deal.For all these reasons. 1 believe Giuseppe would have much tocontribute and 1 have no hesitation in supporting hisapplication wholeheartedly.

    briefexplanation ofrelationshipwith colleague

    inclusion ofweakness isqualified to givepositiveimpressionoverall

    Keypoints .....Task

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    ,,,UI!!I!

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    Part2 GuidebookEntryT

    Te/chin4/on CoUa4esBuiU in 1760 and used un/il1905 as accommodah'on for workers on/he Te/ching/on Es/a/e, /his row of coUages has been res/ored using/radih'onal ma/el'ials and now provides a c%urful illus/rah'on of rurallife. There are folA!'coUages in al/, one of which houses /he Living!lis/orll museum, wilh ils ou/s/anding por/rayal of pas/ lifes/y/es.Open: daily, llam-4.30pm. Numbers in parh'es should nol exceed ten,due /0 /he small si2e of /he rooms.E5.00 charge ineludes museum en/ry.

    Sample answerself-containedsection of thegujdebook - nointroductorymaterial needed

    impersonalstyle

    plenty of factswithindescriptiveframework

    Maleethe information accessible to the reader through headings and layout.Note any information about the guidebook, which may help to establish theregister you should use. A neutral register is usualIy a safe choice.Ensure the style and register is consistent throughout the entry.Bring the facts to life in your description.Write equal amounts on each place or event that you include.Remember to include practical information such as times and prices, if relevant.

    A publisher is preparing a guidebook tor toreign visitors, which will tocus onhistorie buildings in your country. You have been asked to write a contribution tothe guidebook, describing the main sites in your local area and giving practicalintormation tor visitors.

    Bru/on and ils surroundin4 localiluBru/on CaslleThis beauh'ful cas/le da/es in par/ from /he {if/een/h cen/ury and hasbeen recenlly res/ored. Of parh'cu/ar in/eres/ are /he /win /owers andoriginal en/rance. The eas/ wing, which con/ains /he /ibrary, was added/0 /he cas/le in /he eighleen/h cen/ury and is also higMy recommended.lis interior has many fine examp/es of /apesMes and wall hangings, aswell as a large collec/ion of oil painh'ngs.Open: Tuesday /0 Sunday, lOam-5pm.E3.50 admission. Free car parking.

    neutral / seml-formal register

    Wi/desblA!'ljManor HouseHome of /he Wi/desbury family for over folA!'hundred years, /his isa house of grea/ archi/ec/ural in/eres/, wi/h some prime examples ofGeorgian fea/u res. Every room con/ains exquisi/e furnilure and unusualmemen/oes from an earlier age. The family's collech'on of silverware isdisplayed in /he dining hal! An ex/ensive garden con/ains many rarespecies and shou/d no/ be missed.Open: Sa/urday 2am-5pm; Sunday 10am-4pm.Group visi/s by prior arrangemen/ wilh /he owner.House and garden E3.00. Garden only U80.

    - practical detadisplayedseparately-188 IWritingResoure.

    Keypoints ...11 ...

    Task

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    Part 2 InformalLetter T

    Sample answer

    verbs

    the

    Ensure that you keep to an informal register.Cover all the points required - if there is an extract from a letter provided, read itcarefully Jthat you can reply appropriately.Include jour own ideas but be careful not to introduce irrelevant points.Use sufficient paragraphing.Use p,hrasal verbs and a range of informal expressions.End fue letter in a friendly way.

    Here is part of a letter you have just received froman English pen friend:. . . I really don'J know whaJJo do. A!JhoughI e,!/oy col/ege life in general,

    ['m finding Jhe work real/y difficu/J. ['m sure I won'Jpass my final exams Jhissummer. Perhaps I should git/e up Jhe course nowPMy parenJs would be furiousJhough!Whal would you do if you were meP

    Lot/e JaneWrite a letter to your friend, advising her whether to continue the course or notand givingher some reassurance.

    earlyreassurancegiven

    each piece ofadvice innewparagraph

    friendlyexpressions

    Dear JaneThanks for your letter. I was very sorry to hear that you are strugglinga bit at college. Between you and me, /'ve felt the same way at times, but

    I've never considered giving up my studies. Idon't think you should either!~shouldlkeep telling yourselfthat it's only for another six months.

    That's not very long to wait, is it?You've already spent two and a halfyears at college - it would be such a shame to stop now. /'m sure you'dregret it at some stage inyour life if you did leave, too.

    I Trylto set aside a little more time for studying, then you won't find itall so hard. Howaboutldrawing upla weekly plan of what you need to do, inadvance? And if it means missing some parties, /'m afraid that's tough!You may enjoy the social side of being at college, but once exams 100mupon the horizon, you have to forget about going out with your friends for awhile.

    I think your parents would have every right to be 'furious' ifyou quitoThey have paid for a lot of the course, haven't they? See it through to theend, for their sake and yours. After all, the qualification wil/help you toget a good job afterwards, won't it?

    Jane, sti with it, okay? /'1/be thinking of you over the next few months- and remember, it will soon be over.I The very best of lu!LoveEleanor

    WritingResource . 189

    Key points ......Task

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    Part2 LeafletTKeypoints Be informative. Ensure the register is appropriate to the readers specified in the question. Use headings for clarity. Write in short paragraphs or sections. You are likely to use mainly present tenses. Don't waste time on illustrations, which will not be assessed. Make sure you write the fu1l250 words - because leaflets are written in a concise

    way, you may find it possible to cover the task in fewer words. If this is the case,add another point!

    Task Your language school has recently opened an English study centre, wherestudents can work with materials on their own. In order for new students to getthe best out of the study centre, you have been asked to write a leaflet for them,describing the range of facilities offered.

    Sample answerWelcometo the Study Centre

    friendly tone -writer isaddressingfellow students

    LevelAs you can see,all the materials hereare colour-coded. Choose the levelthatis right for you:;l blue elementary I red intermediate I yellow upperintermediate I green advancedThe computer programs are numberedHO according to their difficulty.

    bullet pointsspelloutimportantinformation

    Reading materialThe study centre contains sets ofgraded readers, full-Iength novels and awide variety of non-fiction books.Thereis also a selection of daily newspapersand weeklymagazines. Back issues ofthe magazines can befound behind theshelves. Sorry, but newspapers andmagazines cannot be taken out of thestudy centre.

    190 I Writin9Resou"",

    Audio materialAudio and video cassettes are alllocated in the far corner of the room.There are ten listening booths and fourvideo playback stations, all of whichhave obligatory headphones. Ourtechnician records the daily news eachmorning and accompanying word listsare available (in the red filing cabinet).Cassettes for your coursebook can betaken out on loan for a maximum of 24hours, provided that at least one copyremains on the shelf.

    headingssignpost 6element

    use of pre51tenses

    introductory Ifyou read this leaflet,youwillbeableessage to --reader to enjoy our study centre to the fui!.

    Enjoythe study centre! Ifyou do have friendlyi-- informativany queries, there is a teacher on duty endingat the main desk every day between 12and 2pm.

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    art 2 ReportTey points Remember that this is a report - do not start the piece of writing as if it werea letter. Decide on the level of formality according to the target reader. The report willalmost always be formal, but if, for example, you are asked to write a report for

    your c1ass,you can be more informal. Ensure that you fully understand the purpose of the reporto Inc1ude an introduction that summarizes the content ofyour reporto Use section headings for c1arity. State any recommendation c1early in the final paragraph.To: All students returning from US exchange programmeFrom: The PrincipalIt has become increasingly costly to send our students to the US and thecollege is currently considering whether this programme should continue.Would you please write a report, answering these questions:

    How did you spend your time? (main studies and any other activities)What were the particular benefits to you?Should the programme be modified at all?

    You recently spent twomonths studying intheUnited States, as part ofan exchange programme.Yourcollege principal hasnow sent you this memo.Writeyour reporto

    mp1e answer

    ~ Repori on ihe lAS exchanne pro:ramme[niroducUon This repori ouilines my iWo-monih siay in SeaU/e alld highlighisihe various benefiis [ experienced. D also considers possible amendmenis io iheprogramme for nexi year' and makes a final r'ecommendaUon.MU..E1l.u.1Alihough [ arrived 011Augusi 30, ihe college semesier' did noi siariunUI mid-Sepiember. [ ihen speni six weeks aUending classes in coniempor'ar'YAmer'ican poeir'Y and ihe modern IIOvel.[ also aUended leciur'es by visWngspeakers, ihe mosi relevani one being Pr'ofessor' Ur'imes on ihe wOr'ksof EdiihWhar'ion. The college offered many sporis faciliiies and [ regulady iookadvaniage of ihese. [ played ice hockey for ihe college B ieam.The bene{iis 1 Boih cour'seswere excelleni and gave me insighis inio American(iieraiure ihai [ cou/d lIOi have gained elsewhere. [n parUcular, ihe ledure byProfessor ur'imes was highly infor'maUve. The college libr'ary had an exiensivecollecUon of books and enabled me io r'esear'ch my disser'iaUon.

    [n addWon io ihe academic benefiis, ihe exper'ience of siudying in allOiher'couniry was illvaluable and [ learlli a greai deal aboui ihe American way oflife. My spoken English has also impr'oved immeasurably.RecommendaUons {or' ihe {uiur'e [n view of ihe need io ecollOmize, ihe Umingof ihe siay could be shoriened. A six-week period would in my opillion besufficienl The siarUng daie should be delayed io mid-Sepiember, io coincidewiih ihe beginning of iheir' semesier.

    [ urge ihe college io conUnue ihis pr'ogramme, which is cleady so wOr'ihwhile.

    more than onebenetitmentioned

    ies

    recommendationrelates toprincipal'sconcerns

    Writing Resource . 191

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    Part2 ReviewTKeypoints Writefor the target readership - read the question carefullyto establish this. Give a brief summary of the plot. Focus on evaluation and recommendation.

    Include both positive and negative points. Iftwo or more separate reviews are required, write equal amounts on each. Remember to state the title(s) of what you are reviewing.Task A group of young British visitors is going to visit your town shortly, as part of atown-twinning initiative. An English newsletter is being prepared for their arrivaland you have been asked to contribute to this. Write a review for inclusion inthe

    newsletter of two films that will be on show during the visit. One film should besuitable for children aged 8-12 and the other for teenagers.

    Sample answer

    Flms on Show durng your staydirectedatyoungerreaders

    For chldren under the age of 12(but not younger than 8, for you'lIbe too scared!), I would recommendThe Nghtmare before Chrstmas.Ths nnovatve anmaton s by TmBurton, the drector of Batman.The acton takes place at the endof Hallowe'en, whenall the ghoulshcharacters decide to kdnap SantaCJausand take charge of Christmasthemselves. Led by the Pumpkn;;,~,they prepare a horrfc versonofthe evento,

    \ .estory s fast-movng and wllhave you on the edge of your seatthroughout. Burton's zany creatvtyhas no lmts - you'lIlove thestockng fller presents! Anmpressve team of anmators hasproduced technques that areabsolutely frst-class. And above all,t's an extremely funny flm.

    title underlined

    briefdescription ofthe plot inpresent tense

    1921 Writing Resource

    Teenagers must see Star TrekGeneratons. the latest Star Trekmove. The film brngs togetherCaptan Krk and characters fromthe successful Next Generatontelevson series, ncludng CaptanPcard, Ryker and Data. They worktogether to prevent Soren, anobsessed and engmatc scentst,from destroyng an entre planet.The Brtsh actor Malcolm McDowel1s excellent n the role of Soren.

    Although somethng of adsappontment n relaton toprevous Star Trek block-busters,ths flm has an unusual plot andgves reasonable value on specaleffects. My own personal favourtes,the Klngons, were n short supply - Iwould ha ve preferred to see moreacton from them and rather less ofCaptan Krk's retrospectve prvate/fe! However; all n all, t s defntelyto be recommended.

    These are both great films.Enjoy them durng your stay!

    each filmgiven equaltreatment

    reservationincluded

    appropriateending fortarget readers