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Yogalogy
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Yogalogy The Guide For Yoga Exams
Author
Diwan Singh Yadav
EDUCREATION PUBLISHING
(Since 2011)
www.educreation.in
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Preface ______________________________________________________
I am very glad to present to you the simplest form of yoga
knowledge which is very useful for healthy and stable life.
As you know yoga is becoming popular in the world to
maintain better health and to destroy the stress which leads to
many mental and physical abnormalities.
We all want to learn yoga vidhya which comes from many
holy books but in these books the true essence of yoga is not so
easy to get.
So I am presenting the “Yogalogy” in very simple and easy
manner which will be understandable.
This book is strongly recommended for yogic examination
like QCI certification and for school students to understand yoga
science.
This will help us to get a joyful and healthy life ahead I hope
all individuals who want to learn yoga will be benefitted with
“Yogalogy”.
I want to dedicate this book to my grandmother Mataji Late
Mrs. Meera Bai.I always pray for blessings from my Guru ji Shri
Raghuveer Parasher ji, Shri Hrishikesh Vashishta ji and Shri
Kundan Kumar ji.
Thanks
With warm regards
Diwan Singh Yadav
Yoga Devotee
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Content List ______________________________________________________
S. No. Content Page
1. Chapter 1(Preparation for yogic life) 1
Chanting of Om
Yogic prayers
Yoga definitions
Goal of yoga and benefits
Yoga scriptures
Eight limbs of Patanjali
Yama
Niyam
Asana
Pranayam
Pratyahara
Dharna
Dhyan
Samdhi
Types of yoga
Bhakti yoga
Gyan yoga
Karma yoga
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Raj yoga
Mantra yoga
Nada yoga
Bandhas and Mudras
Theory of Nadis
Concept of Purushartha
Pancha Mahabhootas
Panch klesh
Shadripu
Panch koshas
Shat karma
Chakras at glance
2. Chapter 2 (Anatomy and physiology) 36
Human body
Body systems and Functioning
Nervous system
Respiratory system
Digestive system
Circulatory/cardio vascular system
Excretory system/urinary system
Reproductive system
Skeletal system
Muscular system
Immune system
Endocrine system
Integumentary system
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3. Chapter 3 (practice questions) 46
Objective practice questions
Subjective practice question
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x
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Yogalogy
1
Preparation For Yogic Life ______________________________________________________
Chanting of Om
Om is the divine sound that we should chant every day. It creates a
positive vibration sound in our mind, Chant of Om can make us
understandour path of life and helps to make our divine journey
easy and possible.
Chanting of Om heals our body and helps in activating the
neurotransmission in our body.
We should chant Om three times with our eyes closed,with proper
awareness and adopting the Gyan mudra position in meditative
asana.Om is made up of three words.
A-Akara
U-Ukara
M-Makara
Process of chanting of Om
1. Adopt gyan mudra, close your eyes and sit in the Padmasana
2. Deeply inhale and exhale three timesin complete silence and
keep focus on your breathing process
3. Inhale and then chant with slow exhalation
Aaaaaaa and keep your focus on your abdominal cavity
4. Uuuuuuu and keep your focus on your thoracic cavity
5. Mmmmmmm and concentratein your mind and experience
process of vibration and sound
6. Repeat it three times and open your eyes with palming
Begin and end your yoga session by this chanting of Om
1
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Yogic Prayers
1. Om sahnavavatu, sahanou bhunaktu
Sahaviryam karavavahai
Tejasvinaava dhitamastu
Ma vidvishavahai
Om shantih, shantih, shantih.
2. Om tryambakam yajamahe
Sugandhim pusti vardhanam
Urvarukamiva bandhanat
Mrtyormuksheeya maamritat
Om shantih, shantih, shantih
3. Om sarve bhavantu sukhinaha
Sarve santu niramayah
Save bhadrani pasyantu
Ma kascit dukha bhag bhavet
Om shantih, shantih, shantih
4. Yogasana mantra
Om yogena chittasya padena vaacham,
Malam sharirasya cha vaidyakena,
Yo paakarot tam pravaram muninam,
Patamjalim Pranajaliranatosmi
Om shantih, shantih, shantih
5. Om asato ma sat gamaya
Tamaso ma jyotir gamaya
Mrtyor ma amrtam gamaya
Om shantih, shantih, shantih
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Yogalogy
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6. Om purnamadah purnamidam
Purnat purna mudacyate
Purnasya purnamadaya
Purnameva vasisyate
Om shantih, shantih, shantih
7. Om bhur bhuvah svah
Tatsavitur varenyam
Bhargo devasya dhimahi
Dhiyo yonah prachodayat
Om shantih, shantih, shantih
What Is Yoga?
The word yoga is derived from Sanskrit root “Yuj”, which means
“to join” or “to yoke”/to unite.
Yoga is a set of stages; by completing these stages one by one, we
can achieve many marvelous experiences and finally reach the
level of“Moksha/Kaivalya”.
Yoga is an ancient art based on a harmonizing system of
development of our body, mind and spirit.
The continuous practice of yoga will help youto achievea sense of
peace and well-being.
Hatha yoga
Ha=sun and Tha=moon says duality in balance.
By practicing hatha yoga we make balance in sun and moon.
Goal of yoga
The ultimate aim of yoga is self-development and self-realization
which leads to “Kaivalya/Moksha”.
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What are Definitions of yoga?
1. Yogash chitta vritti nirodhah-
Yoga is the mastery of the activities of the mind. (Patanjali
yoga sutra)
2. Yoga karmsu khoushalam
“Skill inaction” (Shrimad Bhagavad Gita)
3. Samatvam yoga uchyate(Shrimad Bhagavad Gita)
Equanimity of mind in all situations like happiness and
sadness, profit and loss, pleasure and pain, success and failure
4. Yoga is way by which we connectour soul to God.
Why should we practice yoga?
We should practice yoga for following benefits
For good mental and physical health
For enhancing memory
For enhancing positivity in thinking
For living fear free life
For stability of mind and body
For achieving goal of life
For being perfect in action
Shad Darshana in Indian philosophy
1. Nyaya Darshana by Sage Gautam
2. Yoga Darshana by Maharishi Patanjali
3. Samkhya Darshana by Sage Kapila
4. Purva mimamsa bySage Jaimini
5. Vedanta/uttaramimamsa by Sage Ved Vyasa
6. Vaiseshika by Sage Kanada rishi
Other yoga scriptures are given below
1. Hathyogapradipika written by Swami Swatmaram
2. Gherand samhita written by Gherand Swami; actually it is the
conversation of Gherand Swami and Chanda Kapila
3. Bhagvad Gita by Sage Vyasa ji
4. Hathratnavali written by Srinivasyogi
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Yogalogy
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Eight Limbs of Patanjali
Maharishi Patanjali described the eight stages of yoga by which we
areable to enjoy the practice and achieve our goals.
Step by step the process start from social ethics and ends with
Samadhi.
Practice of Ashtang yoga helps us to achievedevelopment and
different experiences atdifferent levels.
It also enhances our connectivity to the divine.
S.N. Limbs Meaning
1 Yam Universal Ethics
2 Niyam Self Discipline
3 Asan Posture
4 Pranayam Control of Breathing
5 Pratyahar Control of the senses
6 Dharna Inner perception
7 Dhyan Meditation
8 Samadhi Union with divine
Bahirang and Antarang yoga
Bahirang Antarang
Yama Dharna
Niyama Dhyan
Asana Samadhi
Pranayam
Pratyahara
1. Yama
Five Yamas are to start your yogic journey and develop the ethical
standards and sense of integrity.
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Ahimsa Non-violence
Satya Truthfulness
Asteya Non-stealing
Brahmacharya Continence
Aparigraha Non-covetousness
2. Niyam
Niyam is the Second limb of Patanjali which deals with self
discipline and spiritual observation. It is all about making good
habits of maintaining a healthy daily routine.
Five Niyamas are as follows:
3. Asana
Asana is the posture whichwe should perform to achieve physical
stamina.
Asana also helps to synchronize our body and mind.
In Patanjali yog sutra, it has been described as
“sthira sukham asanah” which means that the asana should be
stable and comfortable.
Our body is considered as the temple of our spirit.So it is our duty
tokeep it neat and clean. In this way, our spirit will be able to
reside in a healthy condition.
For this purpose, we have to follow the traditional posture which is
described in our sacred scriptures based on the things for example,
tree, animals, and things.
In Hathyogapradipika, fifteen asanas have been described by
Swatmarama. He says practice of asana brings good health,
Saucha Cleanliness
Samtosa Contentment
Tapas Spiritual austerities
Svadhyaya Self-study of sacred scriptures
Isvara Pranaidhana Surrender to God
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Yogalogy
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stability and light of the body and most important asana is
“Siddhasana”.
Asanas are classified on the bases of body positions are
followed
1. Inverted
2. Backward
3. Forward
4. Spinal twist
5. Balancing
6. Relaxation
7. Pre-meditative
8. Other useful asana
Inverted
Bhumipadmastakasana,
Vipreetkarni,
Sarvangasana,
Padma-sarvangasana,
Halasana
Backward
Makarasana,
Bhujangasana
Shalabhasana
Dhanurasana
Kandharasana
Setuasana
Grivasana
Lying Chakrasana
Pristhasana
Forward
Saithalyasana
Paschimottanasana
ArdhaPadmaPaschimottanasana
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Garbhasana
Meruakarshanasana
Koormasana
Ekpadapadmottanasana
Spinal twist
Meruvakrasana
Bhunamanasana
Ardhamatsyendrasana
Markatasana
Utthitapadaprasar
Vakrasana
Balancing
EkpadPranamasana
Ekpadasana
Natrajasana
Garudasana
Bakasana
Brahmacharyasana
PadmaParvatasana
Merudandasana
Padadirasana and variations
Padangusthasana
Bakadhyanasana
Mayorasana
Urdh kutkutasana
Padama Bakasana
Pre-Meditative
Ananda Madirasana
Padadirasana
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Yogalogy
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Relaxation
Shavasana
Advasana
Jyestikasana
Matsyakridasana
Balasana
Makrasana
Saithilyasana
Sasankasana
Vrishabhasana
Other usefulasana
Vajrasana(after having food)
Singhasana
Mandookasana
Utkatasana
Vyaghrasna
Padm mayurasana
Vrischikasana
Purn salbhasna
Benefits of Asana practice
Asana improves muscle tone and physical health
Asana helpsin healthy functioning of glands
Asana increases the oxygen supply for healthy cell functioning
and this helps in improving cardiac health
Synchronizes body and mind and Prana
Practicing of asana increases the healing process
Asanaimproves mental and emotional health
4. Pranayam
Pranayam is the process of controlling breathing (Prana).
As we all know, Prana is a vital energy of every cell of our body
which requires oxygen to survive and for healthy body functioning.
So oxygen must reach to every cell in form of oxygenated blood.
Similarly cell release carbon dioxide that comes out from the body.
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Diwan Singh Yadav
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This process of respiration takes place with help of our lungs.
Prana energy lies in
Region of Mind as Chitta
Region of Throat as Akas
Region of Heart as Vayu
Region of navel as Agni
Region of testes as Apa
Region of perineum as Earth
In other ways, Prana can be understood easily as it is a nerve
conduction/nerve impulse which flow in Nadis.
Five types of Prana
Vyana, Udana, Prana, Samana, Apana
Pranavayu Organs Function
Vyana
(diffusive)
Peripheral
nervous
system,
whole body
Circulation, movement
Udana
(ascending )
Throat, upper
chest,head
Thought, speech,
exhalation, growth,
nervous system
Prana
(inward moving)
Heart, chest,
lungs
Respiration, sensory
perception
Saman
(equalizing )
Navel Digestion and
metabolism, homeostasis
Apana
(descending)
Below the
navel
Elimination,
reproduction, child birth,
immunity
Rules for practicing Pranayam
1. Pranayam should be performed after Asana
2. Pranayam should be performed after shat karma or Purification
of body
3. Following the sattvic diet
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Yogalogy
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