samoqalaqo ganaTleba

gzamkvlevi maswavleblebisTvis

sabazo da saSualo safexurebi

2013

2

avtorebi:

nikoloz silagaZe erovnuli saswavlo gegmebis departamentis samoqalaqo ganaTlebis da istoriis eqsper ti

rusudan TevzaZe erovnuli saswavlo gegmebis departamentis geografiis eqsper ti

samecniero redaqtori: irina xanTaZe

teqnikuri redaqtori: manana baliaSvili

3

sarCevi

Sesavali ........................................................................................................................... 4

Tavi I. samoqalaqo ganaTleba saqarTvelos sajaro skolebSi: gamowvevebi, problemebi, perspeqtivebi ...................... 5Tavi II . meToduri orientirebi ................................................................... 14

Tavi III. Sefasebis sistema ................................................................................. 30

Tavi IV. aqtivobebi ................................................................................................ 47

bibliografia .............................................................................................................. 91

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Sesavali

winamdebare gzamkvlevi damxmare saxelmZRvaneloa sabazo da sa-Sualo safexurze samoqalaqo ganaTlebis saswavleblad. dRes qar-Tul enaze sakmao raodenobis maswavleblis damxmare meTodologiuri literatura arsebobs, Tumca, winamdebare gzamkvlevi maTgan sakmaod gansxvavdeba. mis umTavres mizans 2011-2016 wlebis erovnuli saswav-lo gegmis implementaciisTvis xelSewyoba warmoadgens. gzamkvlevis avtorebi uSualod misdeven erovnul saswavlo gegmas da pedagogebs praqtikul rCevebs awvdian, rac maT saswavlo gegmis samoqalaqo ga-naTlebis sagnobrivi programiT gaTvaliswinebuli Sedegebis daZlevaSi daexmareba. gzamkvlevi Seicavs rogorc meTodologiur, ise praqti-kul (konkretuli gakveTilebis Casatareblad saWiro) rekomendaciebs. vimedovnebT, rom igi saqarTvelos skolebis samoqalaqo ganaTlebis pedagogebs qmediT daxmarebas gauwevs.

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Tavi I. samoqalaqo ganaTleba saqarTvelos sajaro skolebSi: gamowvevebi, problemebi, perspeqtivebi

sagani _ _ samoqalaqo ganaTleba _ msoflios sxvadasxva qveyanaSi sxvadasxva saxeliT (Civic education, Citizenship education, democracy education, Civic and moral education) iswavleba; misi miznebic yvelgan erTnairad ar aris formulirebuli1, Tumca, met-naklebad universalurad, samoqa-laqo ganaTleba SeiZleba ganvixiloT, rogorc sagani, romelic mos-wavles samoqalaqo cnobierebis Camosayalibeblad saWiro codnas aw-vdis da saTanado kompetenciebs uviTarebs, raTa man demokratiul procesebSi farTo monawileoba miiRos. am gagebiT samoqalaqo ganaT-leba umniSvnelovanesi sagania, romelic moswavles, erTi mxriv, Tavisi qveynis aqtiur moqalaqed aqcevs, meore mxriv ki, mas globaluri pro-cesebis analizisTvis Sesabamisi codniTa da unarebiT aRWuravs. Znelia saskolo saaTobriv badeSi moiZebnos romelime disciplina, aseT ambi-ciur miznebs rom isaxavdes.

rTulia msoflios zogadsaganmanaTleblo dawesebulebebSi samo-qalaqo ganaTlebis sagnis swavlebis erTian istoriaze msjeloba, vinaidan sxvadasxva periodSi am sagnis dasaxeleba, miznebi da amocane-bi gansxvavebulad iyo warmodgenili. droTa ganmavlobaSi moqalaqeo-bisa da samoqalaqo sazogadoebis cnebac transformacias ganicdida. sajaro skolebSi samoqalaqo ganaTlebis swavleba XIX saukunis 70-iani wlebis safrangeTsa da did britaneTSi iwyeba; misi ganviTreba ki mniS-vnelovnad iyo dakavSirebuli XX saukunis saetapo mniSvnelobis is-toriul movlenebTan (meore msoflio omi, holokosti, civi omi da a.S.). erT-erTi aseTi saetapo mniSvnelobis movlena, udavod, gaxldaT sabWoTa kavSiris daSla, romelic samoqalaqo ganaTlebisTvis did ga-mowvevad iqca. saqme isaa, rom socialisturi banakis qveynebSi am tipis sagani sajaro skolebSi ar iyo warmodgenili, misi TandaTanobiTi dan-ergva ki seriozul meTodologiur da ideologiur problemebTan iyo da aris dakavSirebuli.

saqarTvelos skolebSi samoqalaqo ganaTleba 2005 wlidan iswavle-ba2. qveynis sakanonmdeblo sivrceSi am sagnis (ufro swored, im saswav-lo Sedegebis, romelTa miRwevas, ZiriTadad, es sagani isaxavs miznad) mniSvneloba calsaxad aris aRiarebuli. saqarTvelos mTavrobis gan-kargulebaSi `zogadi ganaTlebis erovnuli miznebis~ Sesaxeb vkiTxu-lobT: ̀ saqarTveloSi zogadi ganaTlebis sistema miznad isaxavs Seqmnas xelsayreli pirobebi erovnuli da zogadsakacobrio Rirebulebebis matarebeli, Tavisufali pirovnebis CamoyalibebisaTvis. amasTan er-Tad, ganaTlebis sistema uviTarebs mozards gonebriv da fizikur un-ar-Cvevebs, aZlevs saWiro codnas, amkvidrebs jansaRi cxovrebis wess, moswavleebs uyalibebs liberalur da demokratiul Rirebulebebze damyarebul samoqalaqo cnobierebas da exmareba maT ojaxis, sazoga-

1 zogjer samoqalaqo ganaTlebaSi emigrantebis axal qveyanaSi cxovrebisTvis momzade-bas gulisxmoben.2 qarTul saganmanaTleblo sivrceSi mis winamorbedad sagani „sazogadoebaTmcodneo-ba“ SegviZlia CavTvaloT.

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doebisa da saxelmwifos winaSe sakuTari ufleba-movaleobebis gacno-bierebaSi~.3

2011-2016 wlebis erovnuli saswavlo gegma ki samoqalaqo ganaT-lebis miznebsa da amocanebs sabazo-saSualo safexurze Semdegi saxiT gansazRvravs:

sabazo safexuri – ̀ humanur Rirebulebebze dafuZnebuli samoqalaqo ganaTleba moswavles unda daexmaros sazogadoebisa da saxelmwifos winaSe Tavisi ufleba-movaleobebis gacnobierebaSi da adamianis ufle-bebis, mmarTvelobisa da ekonomikis ganviTarebis Sesaxeb miRebuli Te-oriuli codnis yoveldRiur cxovrebasTan misadagebaSi. sagnis swav-lebisas mas unda ganuviTardes mniSvnelovani samoqalaqo unar-Cvevebi: sakuTari poziciis Camoyalibeba da dacva; sakuTari saqcielis kri-tikulad Sefaseba; gansxvavebuli azris, erovnebis, sarwmunoebisa da kulturis mqone adamianebis pativiscema; sazogadoebrivad sasargeblo saqmianobaSi monawileoba da kanonis pativiscema.

samoqalaqo ganaTleba moswavles unda daexmaros identobis ganviTa-rebaSi, TviTgamorkvevaSi. misi swavlebis Sedegad mozardma unda SeZlos sakuTari Tavisa Tu sxvebis sxvadasxva konteqstSi aRqma da pirovne-bebad gacnobiereba; man unda gaiazros Tavisufleba, rogorc ufleba da, imavdroulad, pasuxismgebloba da SeZlos sazogadoebis, rogorc gansxvavebuli interesebis, Rirebulebebis, moTxovnilebebis mqone subi-eqtebis urTierTdakavSirebuli kompleqsuri mTlianobis gaazreba. rac mTavaria, samoqalaqo ganaTlebis daxmarebiT moswavlem unda SeZlos sa-kuTari momavali saganmanaTleblo Tu SromiTi gzis gansazRvra.

samoqalaqo ganaTlebis daxmarebiT moswavle gaiazrebs garemos dacvis aucileblobas da mis kavSirs sazogadoebis mdgrad ganviTa-rebasTan; aRmoaCens, Tu ra mniSvnelovania mdgradi ganviTareba Ta-namedrove samyaros gadarCenisTvis; moswavlem unda iswavlos aqtiuri monawileobis miReba iseTi garemos SeqmnaSi, sadac keTilganwyoba, ada-mianuri Rirsebis pativiscema, urTierTdaxmareba, Tanaziaroba cxovre-bis wesia.

samoqalaqo ganaTlebis swavlebis procesSi moswavlem unda: gaac-nobieros saqarTvelo, rogorc saxelmwifo; aRiqvas sakuTari Tavi mis moqalaqed; Seiswavlos sazogadoebriv, politikur, ekonomikur, kul-turul cxovrebaSi monawileobis formebi da saSualebebi; gaiazros de-mokratiis, konstituciis, erovnuli da saerTaSoriso kanonmdeblobis, rogorc saxelmwifos samarTlebrivi bazis mniSvneloba; gaiazros sakuTar da sxvis uflebebsa da pasuxismgeblobebs Soris arsebuli ka-vSiri da konkretuli nabijebi gadadgas sakuTari da sxvisi uflebebis dasacavad; gaiazros adamianis/bavSvTa uflebebis mniSvneloba da maTi dacvisTvis ganaxorcielos konkretuli qmedeba; gaacnobieros adamian-Ta specifikuri jgufebis uflebebis dacvis mniSvneloba da maTi dac-visTvis gadadgas konkretuli nabijebi~.

3 saqarTvelos mTavrobis №84 gankarguleba „zogadi ganaTlebis erovnuli miznebis“ damtkicebis Sesaxeb , 2004 wlis 14 oqtomberi

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saSualo safexuri – `am safexurze samoqalaqo ganaTleba moswavles saSualebas miscems daeuflos politikuri, iuridiuli da ekonomikuri mecnierebebis safuZvlebs; daexmareba mas socialuri, moraluri, samo-qalaqo pasuxismgeblobis gacnobierebasa da sazogadoebriv cxovrebaSi monawileobisaTvis saWiro kompetenciebis ganviTarebaSi.

samoqalaqo ganaTlebis savaldebulo da arCeviTi sagnebi moswavles daexmareba pirovnuli ganviTarebis, identobis iseTi axali aspeqtebis SemecnebaSi, rogoricaa: sakuTari da sxvisi pirovnuli Taviseburebe-bis analizi; sakuTari da sxvaTa Rirsebebisa da naklovanebebis analizi; sazogadoebaSi sakuTari adgilisa da mniSvnelobis gansazRvra; saku-Tari momavlis dagegmva; me-sa da Cven-is interesebis gaTvaliswinebiT damoukidebeli gadawyvetilebebis miReba; profesiis, rogorc idento-bis miRwevis erT-erTi mniSvnelovani safexurisa da misi arCevisTvis konkretuli nabijebis gadadgma; konkurentunarianoba, damoukideblo-ba, gadawyvetilebis miReba, arCevanis Tavisufleba _ rogorc Rire-buleba da zrunva mis ganviTarebaze.

samoqalaqo ganaTleba daexmareba moswavles: Tanamedrove samyaroSi mdgradi ganviTarebis procesSi sakuTari rolis danaxvasa da Sesaba-misi nabijebis gadadgmaSi; ekonomikurad azrovnebasa da misi mniSvne-lobis gaazrebaSi mdgradi ganviTarebis konteqstSi; interkulturul wignierebasa da urTierTobebSi; sazogadoebrivi usafrTxoebis mniS-vnelobisa da masSi sakuTari rolis gacnobierebaSi; sazogadoebrivi saqmianobis mniSvnelobis gaazrebasa da SesrulebaSi; jansaRi cxovre-bis wesis mniSvnelobis gaazrebaSi individualur da sazogadoebriv do-neze; misi dacvisTvis Sesabamisi nabijebis gadadgmaSi; profesionaliz-mis, rogorc Rirebulebisa da mdgrad ganviTarebaSi misi mniSvnelobis dadgenaSi; TanamSromlobis kulturis ganviTarebaSi; ekonomikur, po-litikur, socialur interesTa konfliqtebisa da maTi mogvarebis me-qanizmebis safuZvlebis codnaSi.

saSualo safexurze samoqalaqo ganaTlebis daniSnulebaa, daexmaros moswavles: saqarTvelos, rogorc mravalferovani qveynis gacnobiere-baSi; sakuTari Tavis saqarTvelos moqalaqed gaazrebaSi; moqalaqeobiT ganpirobebuli uflebebis, movaleobebisa da pasuxismgeblobebis dac-va/SesrulebisTvis konkretuli qmedebebis ganxorcielebaSi; samoqala-qo sazogadoebisTvis sakuTari da sxvisi uflebebis dacvis mniSvnelo-bis gaazrebasa da ganxorcielebaSi~.

amasTan, zogadi ganaTlebis erovnuli miznebisa da sazogadoe-brivi moTxovnebis gaTvaliswinebiT, erovnuli saswavlo gegma gamoy-ofs cxra prioritetul gamWol kompetencias, romelTa floba gadam-wyvetia Tanamedrove samyaroSi adamianis TviTrealizebisa da saTanado adgilis damkvidrebisaTvis. maT Soris aris socialuri da samoqalaqo kompetencia, romelic gulisxmobs samoqalaqo cxovrebaSi integrire-bisaTvis aucilebeli iseTi unarebisa da Rirebulebebis Camoyalibe-bas, rogoricaa: konstruqciuli TanamSromloba, problemebis mogva-reba, kritikuli da SemoqmedebiTi azrovneba, gadawyvetilebis miReba, Semwynarebloba, sxvisi uflebebis pativiscema, demokratiuli princi-pebis aRiareba da sxv.

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sakanonmdeblo iniciativis garda, dResdReobiT ikveTeba sxva obieqturi garemoebebic, rac samoqalaqo ganaTlebis karg samomavlo perspeqtivebze metyvelebs:

1) dRes saqarTveloSi samoqalaqo ganaTlebis kuTxiT bevri arasam-Tavrobo organizacia muSaobs, romlebic pedagogebsa da moswavleebs mravalmxriv aqtivobebSi CarTvis saSualebas aZleven;

2) samoqalaqo ganaTleba aris sagani, romelic mWidro kavSirSia yoveldRiur realobasTan. igi Zalian karg saSualebas iZleva saimi-sod, rom moswavles masala misTvis nacnobi cnebebisa da kategoriebis saSualebiT avuxsnaT, maSin, roca sazogadoebrivi mecnierebebis sxva sagnebis (magaliTad, istoriis) SemTxvevaSic ki es seriozul problemas warmoadgens.

aRniSnuli garemoebebi maswavlebels karg saSualebas aZlevs saswav-lo procesi mravalferovani aqtivobebisa da saintereso diskusiebis fonze warmarTos.

Tumca, perspeqtivebis gverdiT ikveTeba problemebic4, romelTa gadaWris gareSe saeWvoa, zemoT CamoTvlili perspeqtivebis realizeba moxerxdes. problemebs Soris, pirvel rigSi unda vaxsenoT interaqti-uli meTodebiT swavleba.

* * * Tanamedrove etapze interaqtiuli swavleba TiTqmis yvela saskolo

sagnis farglebSi savaldebulod iTvleba, Tumca, samoqalaqo ganaT-lebis SemTxvevaSi misi roli gansakuTrebiT didia. rogorc kvlevebi adasturebs, samoqalaqo ganaTlebis swavlebis procesi interaqtiuli meTodebis gamoyenebiT, e.w. `dafisa da carcis meTodTan~ SedarebiT, gacilebiT warmatebiT mimdinareobs. amasTan, 2011-2016 wlebis erovnu-li saswavlo gegmis calkeul (maT Soris samoqalaqo ganaTlebis) sagno-briv standartSi aRwerili kompetenciebi moicavs sami kategoriis cod-nas: deklaratiuls, procedurulsa da pirobiseuls.

a) deklaraciuli anu statikuri xasiaTisaa codna, romelic ver uz-runvelyofs codnis procedurulad gamoyenebas; moswavlis codna deklaraciulia, Tu man icis konkretuli operaciis warmoebis wesi, Tum-ca ver iyenebs mas;

b) proceduruli anu dinamiuria codna, romelic codnis gamoyenebis, realizebis saSualebas iZleva; moswavlis codna procedurulia, Tu is asrulebs operacias. proceduruli codnis aTviseba mravaljeradi ga-varjiSebis gziT xdeba.

g) pirobiseuli anu funqciuria codna, romelic uzrunvelyofs cod-nis adekvaturad gamoyenebas. moswavlis codna pirobiseulia, Tu mas SeuZlia dasmuli amocanis amosaxsnelad SearCios saTanado operacia.

tradiciuli, e.w. `dafisa da carcis meTodi~, bunebrivia, mxolod deklaraciuli (nawilobriv proceduruli) codnis SeZenas uwyobs xels, maSin, roca interaqtiuli meTodebi (adekvaturi Sefasebis

4 qvemoT saubaria problemebze, romlebic uSualod saklaso oTaxSi ikveTeba.

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sistemis gamoyenebis SemTxvevaSi) codnis zemoT aRwerili yvela aspeq-tis dauflebis saSualebas iZleva. Sesabamisad, albaT ar SevcdebiT, Tu vityviT, rom erovnuli saswavlo gegmiT gaTvaliswinebuli Sede-gebis miRweva mxolod interaqtiuli meTodebis aqtiuri gamoyenebis pirobebSi SeiZleba, Tumca, samwuxarod, maTi gamoyeneba dRes saqarT-velos skolebSi cxovrebis yoveldRiur wess ar warmoadgens5.

* * *mniSvnelovani problemebi ikveTeba Sefasebis sistemis kuTxiTac.

saqme isaa, rom 2011–2016 wlebis erovnuli saswavlo gegmis mixedviT sazogadoebrivi mecnierebebis swavlebis procesSi rekomendebulia ganmsazRvreli da ganmaviTarebeli Sefasebis gamoyeneba. ganmsazRvre-li Sefaseba akontrolebs swavlis xarisxs, adgens moswavlis miRwevis dones erovnuli saswavlo gegmiT gansazRvrul miznebTan mimarTeba-Si. ganmsazRvrel SefasebaSi iwereba qula. ganmaviTarebeli Sefaseba akontrolebs TiToeuli moswavlis ganviTarebis dinamikas da xels uwyobs swavlis xarisxis gaumjobesebas. ganmaviTarebeli Sefasebisas gamoiyeneba iseTi saSualebebi, rogoricaa sityvieri komentari, rCe-va-darigeba, dakvirvebis furceli, TviTSefasebisa da urTierTSefase-bis sqema da sxv.

samwuxarod, skolebSi ganmaviTarebel Sefasebas xSirad jerovani yuradReba ar eTmoba, rac saswavlo process did zians ayenebs.

gzamkvlevis meore da mesame TavebSi mocemulia msjeloba swavlebis interaqtiuli meTodebisa da Sefasebis sistemis Sesaxeb, romelic, vfiqrobT, pedagogebs erovnuli saswavlo gegmis prioritetebis ukeT gaazrebasa da saswavlo procesis ukeT dagegmvaSi daexmareba.

* * *samoqalaqo ganaTlebis swavlebis procesSi sxva tipis problemebic

SeiZleba gamoikveTos. aseTTa Soris, pirvel rigSi, ekleqturoba unda movixsenioT. saqme isaa, rom am disciplinis farglebSi moswavleebisT-vis metad mravalferovani saswavlo programaa SeTavazebuli da masSi Semavali sakiTxebis Sinagani erToba moswavlem SeiZleba verc gaiaz-ros. sxvagvarad rom vTqvaT, moswavlisTvis, SesaZloa, zogjer bolom-de naTeli arc iyos, raSi sWirdeba samoqalaqo ganaTlebis farglebSi ama Tu im sakiTxis swavla. am problemaze pedagogs Tavidanve dauyovne-blivi refleqsia marTebs, saswavlo procesi ubralo, swavlebis inter-aqtiuli meTodebis principebze Seqmnili TamaSebiT garTobas rom ar daemsgavsos.

rogor unda gaviazroT samoqalaqo ganaTlebis erovnul saswav-lo gegmaSi dasaxuli zogadi miznebi ise, rom man Tanmimdevruli da

5 am SemTxvevaSi avtorTa msjeloba ar aris gamyarebuli statistikuri masaliT. isi-ni, erTi mxriv, skolebSi Semajamebeli davalebebis analizs, meore mxriv ki, 2012-2013 wlebSi erovnuli saswavlo gegmebis departamentis warmomadgenlebis skolis pedago-gebTan Sexvedris angariSebs eyrdnobian.

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aqcentirebuli saswavlo procesis agebaSi Segviwyos xeli? rogor unda SevkraT aq mocemuli mravalferovani (xSirad arcTu aSkarad erTma-neTTan dakavSirebuli) problemebi erT Temad? rogor movaxdinoT maTi ierarqiulad dalageba? am SemTxvevaSi, ra Tqma unda, yvela peda-gogs ufleba aqvs am kiTxvebze misTvis misaRebi formiT gasces pasuxi (Tuki es pasuxi winaaRmdegobaSi ar mova saqarTvelos zogadi ganaT-lebis erovnuli miznebiTa da erovnuli saswavlo gegmiT gansazRvrul RirebulebebTan), Tumca, am mxriv, garkveuli zogadi miTiTebebic Sei-Zleba arsebobdes.

2011-2016 wlebis erovnuli saswavlo gegmis samoqalaqo ganaTlebis sagnobrivi programisTvis umTavresia, moswavles adamianis uflebebis/ Tavisuflebebis – movaleobebis/pasuxismgeblobebis samarTlebrivi saxelmwifosa da samoqalaqo sazogadoebis konceptebis prizmaSi da-naxvasa da gaazrebaSi daexmaros. sxvagvarad rom vTqvaT, moswavles mkafiod unda hqondes gaazrebuli Tavisi adgili samoqalaqo sazoga-doebasa da samarTlebriv saxelmwifoSi. igi unda acnobierebdes, rom moqalaqeoba kanonmorCilebasTan erTad kanonSemoqmedebiTobasTanac asocirdeba da rom igi valdebulia icodes, Tu ratom (ramdenad mar-Tebulad) zRudavs, rig SemTxvevebSi, saxelmwifo Tu sxva sajaro dawe-sebuleba mis uflebebsa da Tavisuflebebs.

samoqalaqo ganaTlebis miznebis amgvari aqcentebis fonze ganxilvis SemTxvevaSi moswavle advilad SeZlebs samoqalaqo ganaTlebis sagno-brivi programiT gaTvaliswinebuli sakiTxebis ierarqiulad dajgufe-bas. igi mixvdeba, rom iseTi Temebis swavla, rogoricaa saxelmwifo mowyoba, ekonomika, garemos dacva da a.S., mas samarTlebriv saxelmwi-foSi Tavisi uflebebis praqtikuli realizebisTvis sWirdeba.

aqve bunebrivad Cndeba kiTxva: romeli kompetenciebi sWirdeba mos-wavles yvelaze metad samoqalaqo ganaTlebis Sesaswavlad? am mxriv 2011-2016 wlebis erovnuli saswavlo gegma Semdeg unar-Cvevebs gam-oyofs: problemis gaazreba, swavlis swavla, informaciis mopoveba da organizeba, kavSirebisa da mimarTebebis dadgena, kritikuli azrovne-ba, komunikacia, TanamSromloba, sazogadoebriv cxovrebaSi aqtiuri monawileoba, SemoqmedebiToba, garemoze pasuxismgebloba da zrunva, TvalsaCinoebebis gamoyeneba da Seqmna. saswavlo gegmiT gansazRvruli miznebis misaRwevad TiToeul maTgans Zalze didi mniSvneloba aqvs.

problemis gaazreba; kavSirebisa da mimarTebebis dadgena _ skoleb-Si sazogadoebrivi mecnierebebis (istoria, geografia, samoqalaqo ga-naTleba) swavlebis erT-erTi mizania moswavleebs maTi garemomcveli anTropogenuli garemos mecnieruli Seswavlis obieqtis saxiT aRqmaSi daexmaros. moswavlem saWiroa iswavlos socialuri problemis danaxva da misi gadaWris adekvaturi gzebis Zieba, rac, ra Tqma unda, ver mox-erxdeba, Tuki mas movlenebs Soris kavSirebisa da mimarTebebis dadge-nis unari ar Seswevs. proeqtuli swavleba am kompetenciis ganviTarebis saukeTeso saSualebaa.

kritikuli azrovneba, SemoqmedebiToba, TvalsaCinoebebis gamoyeneba da Seqmna - kritikuli azrovnebisa da SemoqmedebiTobis gareSe war-

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moudgenelia moswavlem gakveTilze miRebuli informaciis praqtikuli gamoyeneba SeZlos. igi kargad unda flobdes informaciis damuSave-bis xerxebs; mkafiod unda ansxvavebdes faqtebs interpretaciebisa da stereotipebisgan. kritikuli azrovneba mas garemomcveli realobis obieqturad aRqmaSi daexmareba. es ki saSualebas miscems moswavles sazogadoebis winaSe arsebuli problemebis gamokveTisa da maTi gadaW-ris procesSi meti SemoqmedebiToba gamoavlinos.

TanamSromloba; sazogadoebriv cxovrebaSi aqtiuri monawileoba, garemoze pasuxismgebloba da zrunva - samoqalaqo ganaTlebis swavlis procesSi, aucilebelia, moswavles sxva adamianebTan TanamSromlobis kultura Camouyalibdes. aseT SemTxvevaSi moswavle SeeCveva gansxvave-buli azris pativiscemasa da konfliqturi situaciebis araZalado-brivi meTodebiT marTvas. amasTan, sazogadoebisTvis aqtualur prob-lemebze msjeloba mas aqtiur, pasuxismgeblobian moqalaqed qcevaSi daexmareba.

moswavlisTvis zemoT CamoTvlili kompetenciebis ganviTareba gr-Zelvadian saswavlo miznad SegviZlia CavTvaloT. saswavlo procesis msvlobisas pedagogi, pirvel rigSi, am unarebis ganviTarebis kuTxiT moswavlis progress unda akvirdebodes. saamisod kargi saSualebaa in-dividualuri Sefasebis rubrikis Seqmna, romelsac qulobriv Sefase-basTan erTad misi Sefasebis safuZveli gaxdeba (sqema 1).

* * *samoqalaqo ganaTlebis swavlebis sakiTxebze msjelobisas mecnier-

ebi xSirad kidev erT problemas asaxeleben – samoqalaqo ganaTlebis umTavresi mizani demokratiisa da samoqalaqo monawileobis swavlebaa. skola ki, Tavisi arsiT, namdvilad ar warmoadgens liberalur princi-pebze agebul dawesebulebas. ganviTarebadi qveynebis SemTxvevaSi amas emateba isic, rom demokratiis kuTxiT zogadad saxelmwifoSic uamra-vi kiTxvis niSani ikveTeba. Sesabamisad, xSirad vRebulobT situacias, rodesac moswavle Teoriuladac ver xedavs gakveTilze naswavli masa-lis praqtikuli realizebis saSualebas. aseT viTarebaSi ki, ra Tqma unda, Znelia, karg saswavlo Sedegebs velodoT.

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sqema 1

problemis gaazreba

kavSirebisa da mimarTebebis dadgena

kritikuli azrovneba

SemoqmedebiToba

TvalsaCinoebebis gamoyeneba da Seqmna

TanamSromloba

sazogadoebriv cxovrebaSi aqtiuri monawileoba

garemoze pasuxismgebloba da zrunva

samwuxarod, msgavsi tipis problemebisgan xSirad arc qarTveli pedagogebi arian dazRveuli. imisaTvis, rom saswavlo procesis mimarT moswavleebs nihilizmis safuZveli ar gauCndeT, saWiroa, pirvel rigSi, movlenebs Tavisi saxeli davarqvaT da arsebuli problemebi moswav-leebisTvis masalis ukeT gadacemis saSualebad gamoviyenoT (sazoga-doebriv problemebze msjelobisas, sasurvelia, maswavlebeli Tavad ar iqces moswavleTaTvis pasiuri moqalaqeobis magaliTad); paralelurad ki moswavleebs kargi pirobebi SevuqmnaT skolis administraciasa da adgilobriv TviTmmarTvelobasTan TanamSromlobisTvis.

mimdinare etapze moswavleTa skolis TviTmmarTvelobaSi monawil-eoba formalur xasiaTs atarebs. es friad samwuxaroa, radgan am kom-ponents samoqalaqo ganaTlebis swavlebis procesSi didi mniSvneloba aqvs. saqme isaa, rom skolaSi erovnuli saswavlo gegmisa da saskolo Sida ganawesis garda e.w. `faruli saswavlo gegmac~ (Hidden Curriculum) moqmedebs. skola ar aris moswavlisTvis mxolod oficialuri saswav-lo gegmiT gaTvaliswinebuli akademiuri sagnebis Sesaxeb informaci-is mimwodebeli dawesebuleba. aqve moswavleebs uviTardebaT damok-idebulebebi, romlebic maT pirovnebad da moqalaqed Camoyalibebis gzaze gadamwyvet rols TamaSobs. rogorc cnobili sociologi emil diurkhaimi XX saukunis dasawyisSi SeniSnavda, isini aqve eCvevian samsax-urSi muSaobas, xelmZRvanelobasTan urTierTobas, miRebuli davale-bebisadmi damokidebulebas da a.S. es faruli funqcia, skolas, ra Tqma unda, dRemde ar daukargavs. Tumca, Tanamedrove etapze igi moswavles demokratiul sazogadoebasa da samarTlebriv saxelmwifoSi cxovre-bis unarebsac unda sZendes. kerZod, skolaSi swavlis procesi mos-wavlisTvis ar unda asocirdebodes mxolod skolisa Tu ganaTlebi-

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sa da mecnierebis saministros gankargulebebis morCilebasTan. isini unda acnobierebdnen, rom skolaSi, sakuTari Tavisuflebis SezRudvas Tavisi grZelvadiani interesebis (ganaTlebis miReba) gamo eTanxmebian; im SemTxvevaSi ki Tuki isini Tvlian, rom saswavlo programa, an sas-wavlo procesi imgvaradaa organizebuli, rom zedmetad zRudavs maT Tavisuflebas, moswavleebs samarTlebrivi gzebiT reagirebis ufle-bac aqvT. magaliTad, maT SeuZliaT direqciasTan erTad imsjelon saskolo (da ara marto saskolo) doneze saswavlo procesis calkeuli xarvezebis Sesaxeb. es maT gakveTilze naswavli masalis praqtikuli realizebis saSualebas miscems. miRebuli gamocdileba ki moswavleTa aqtiur moqalaqeebad Camoyalibebis gzaze mniSvnelovani naxtomi iqne-ba. SeiZleba iTqva, rom saswavlo dawesebulebis demokratiuli skolis standartebTan daaxloeba samoqalaqo ganaTlebis swavlebis process mniSvnelovnad gaaumjobesebs.

daskvnis saxiT SeiZleba iTqvas, rom saqarTvelos skolebSi 2011-2016 wlebis erovnuli saswavlo gegmis samoqalaqo ganaTlebis sagno-brivi programis yvela doneze implementacia qveyanaSi am sagnis swav-lebis ganviTarebis gzaze gadadgmuli mniSvnelovani nabiji iqneba. winamdebare gzamkvlevis umTavres mizans swored pedagogebisTvis sas-wavlo gegmis moTxovnebis ufro konkretulad axsna da misi praqtiku-li realizebisTvis saWiro rCevebis miwodeba warmoadgens. Sesabamisad, meore, mesame da meoTxe TavebSi mocemulia msjeloba, romelic zemoT aRweril problemebze refleqsiad SeiZleba CaiTvalos.

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Tavi II . meToduri orientirebi

swavlebis interaqtiuli meTodebi Tanamedrove saganmanaTleblo sistemis ganuyofeli nawilia. mecnierebi didi xania aRar daoben imis Sesaxeb, rom tradiciuli, e.w. `dafisa da carcis~ gakveTili, sadac pedagogi mentoris rolSi gvevlineba, nakleb efeqturia. moswavles mx-olod Zalian mcire drois (daaxloebiT 8–10 wuTis) ganmavlobaSi Seu-Zlia pedagogis monologze koncentrireba, rac gakveTilis umetes naw-ils, faqtiurad, fiqciad aqcevs. swavlebis interaqtiuli meTodebis gamoyeneba, romlebic gakveTilis yvela fazaSi moswavlis aqtiurad CarTvas gulisxmobs, am problemis daZlevis saSualebas iZleva. in-teraqtiul gakveTilze maswavlebeli aRar gvevlineba mentoris mdgo-mareobaSi; am SemTxvevaSi igi fasilitatoris rols irgebs. Tanamedrove etapze interaqtiuli swavleba TiTqmis yvela saskolo sagnis fargleb-Si savaldebulod iTvleba, Tumca, samoqalaqo ganaTlebis SemTxvevaSi, rogorc zemoT aRvniSneT, misi roli gansakuTrebiT didia.

bunebrivia, interaqtiuli meTodebi da moswavleze orientirebuli swavleba 2011-2016 wlebis erovnuli saswavlo gegmis umTavres meTo-dur prioritets warmoadgens. saswavlo gegmis Sesavli nawilis VI Tav-Si vkiTxulobT:

`yvela moswavle aris unikaluri da gansxvavebuli Tavisi individu-aluri fizikuri da fsiqikuri maxasiaTeblebiT, niWiT, emociebiT, in-teresebiT, piradi gamocdilebiT, akademiuri saWiroebebiT da swavlis stiliT, rac gaTvaliswinebul unda iqnas swavla-swavlebis dros.

swavla unda mimdinareobdes pozitiur da mowesrigebul garemoSi, sa-dac gansakuTrebuli mniSvneloba eniWeba pozitiur urTierTobebsa da interaqcias, sadac moswavle aris dafasebuli, aRiarebuli da aris pasux-ismgebeli sakuTar swavlasa da ganviTarebaze.

swavla aris codnis agebis procesi, romelSic moswavle aqtiurad aris CarTuli da romelic efuZneba moswavlis arsebul codnas, gamoc-dilebas da Sexedulebebs~.

iqve:`ganviTarebis Tanabari SesaZleblobis misacemad skolam moswavleebs

unda SesTavazos mravalferovani saswavlo procesi. saswavlo procesis mravalferovneba gulisxmobs mravalgvari meTodis, midgomis, strategi-is, problemaTa gadaWris gzebisa Tu aqtivobaTa tipebis gamoyenebas.

myari da dinamikuri codnis misacemad skolam unda uzrunvelyos gaRrmavebuli swavleba, rac gulisxmobs saswavlo masalis etapobrivad da mravalmxrivad miwodebas, axali sakiTxebis, cnebebis safuZvlianad da gansxvavebul konteqstebSi ganxilvas, saganTaSorisi kavSirebis gam-ovlenas da saerTo aspeqtebis damuSavebas.

moswavlis motivaciis gazrda mniSvnelovani pedagogiuri amocanaa. swavlebis procesSi gasaTvaliswinebelia, rom moswavlis motivacia iz-rdeba, Tu is xedavs, rom maswavleblis prioriteti misi winsvlis xe-lSewyobaa da, piriqiT, iklebs, Tu miaCnia, rom maswavleblis priorite-ti misi Sedegis gansja-Sefasebaa. aseve, moswavlis motivacia izrdeba, Tu is xedavs davalebis mizans, darwmunebulia mis saWiroebaSi. mniS-vnelovania, rom maswavlebelma gaagebinos, ra mizans emsaxureba konk-

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retuli davaleba. aucilebelia, moswavlem dainaxos kavSiri skolaSi mimdinare saqmianobasa da skolis gareT mimdinare cxovrebas Soris~.

iqve:`Tanamedrove saganmanaTleblo procesi moiTxovs moswavleebis mx-

ridan gansakuTrebul aqtiurobas. es gulisxmobs moswavleebis mier ara mxolod aqtiur monawileobas ganaTlebis miRebis procesSi, aramed Tanatolebis swavlis procesSi monawileobasac. gakveTilze jgufu-ri muSaobisas, proeqtebSi monawileobisas, warmodgenebis dagegmvisa Tu ganxorcielebisas moswavleebi erTmaneTs exmarebian sxvadasxva koncefciis ukeTesad gagebaSi, unar-Cvevebis daufleba-ganviTarebaSi da damokidebulebebis CamoyalibebaSi. Sesabamisad, moswavleebis ga-kveTilebze daswrebis uzrunvelyofa skolis erT-erTi mniSvnelovani sazrunavia~.

sazogadoebrivi mecnierebebis sagnobriv programaSi ki warmod-genilia ramdenime interaqtiuli meTodi, romlebic samoqalaqo ga-naTlebis (iseve rogorc istoriisa da geografiis) specifikas Seesa-tyviseba. erovnul saswavlo gegmaSi, bunebrivia, ar aris aRnusxuli samoqalaqo ganaTlebis specialistebis mier aprobirebuli swavlebis yvela interaqtiuli saSualeba, amitom qvemoT mocemulia am meTodebis aRwera da maTi gamoyenebis specifika.

pirvel rigSi, unda aRiniSnos, rom samecniero literaturaSi xSi-rad mkafio zRvars ar avleben meTodsa da konkretul aqtivobas So-ris, romelic am meTodis safuZvelze unda Seiqmnas. magaliTd e.w. `im-itirebuli sasamarTlo~, romelic qarTul realobaSi roluri TamaSis meTodis safuZvelze Seqmnil aqtivobad iTvleba, zogjer swavlebis erT-erT meTodad ganixileba. miuxedavad amisa, arsebobs swavlebis is ZiriTadi meTodebi, romlebic erTnairi warmatebiTa da sixSiriT ga-moiyeneba rogorc ucxour, aseve qarTul saganmanaTleblo sivrceSi. swavlebis yvelaze gavrcelebuli da adaptirebuli meTodebia: disku-sia-ganxilva, eqskursia-SemecnebiTi daTvaliereba, gonebrivi ieri-Si-ideebis generireba; prezentacia-wardgena, roluri TamaSi-drama, keTebiT swavleba, teqstze an sxvadasxva saxis ilustraciaze muSaoba, proeqti (mini-kvleva), interviu, SemTxvevis ganxilva da a.S. interaqti-uli meTodebis paralelurad xSirad gamoiyeneba mini-leqciis meTodi, romelic codnis mokle droSi gadacemas uwyobs xels.

mini-leqcia

mini-leqcia aris mcire zomis leqcia (maqsimum 10-15 wuTi), ufro zustad, maswavleblis mier ama Tu im sakiTxTan dakavSirebuli infor-maciis zepirad miwodeba. misi mizania drois rac SeiZleba mcire mon-akveTSi moswavleebisTvis saWiro informaciis miwodeba.

mini-leqcia, ra Tqma unda, axali informaciis wyaroa, Tumca nak-lebad iZleva unarebis ganviTarebis SesaZleblobas. moswavle pasiur rolSi gvevlineba.

leqciis mimdinareobisas moswavleTa aqtiurobis xelSewyobisT-vis mniSvnelovania, rogor sxedan isini. sasurvelia ara frontaluri

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(rodesac maswavlebeli dgas dafasTan msmenelis win), aramed sadisku-sio stilis (maswavlebeli da moswavleebi sxedan wreSi, magidis irgvliv ise, rom yvela kargad xedavs erTmaneTs) gamoyeneba. leqcia swavlebis SedarebiT pasiur formadaa miCneuli, Tumca moswavleTa gasaaqtiureb-lad maswavlebelma unda waaxalisos isini. maswavlebels mudmivad unda hqondes mxedvelobiTi kontaqti auditoriasTan, periodulad amowmeb-des, ramdenad usmens da exmaureba mas auditoria (ukukavSiri).

mini-leqciis Catarebas ar sWirdeba gansakuTrebuli material-ur-teqnikuri aRWurviloba, Tumca sasurvelia gamoviyenoT vizualuri masala – grafikebi, fotomasala, cxrilebi da a.S. leqcia aseve SeiZle-ba Catardes Powerpoint-is gamoyenebiTac, rasac specialuri aRWurvi-loba – leptopi da proeqtori – dasWirdeba.

mini-leqciis dadebiTi mxareebi:

• saWiro informaciis miwodebis swrafi da efeqturi meTodia;

• saswavlo garemo ar saWiroebs gansakuTrebul specialur aRWur-vilobas;

• iZleva Tavisuflad urTierTobis SesaZleblobas.

risk-faqtorebi:

• rTulia auditoriis yuradRebis SenarCuneba.

diskusia-ganxilva

diskusia interaqtiuli swavlebis erT-erTi efeqturi da xSirad ga-moyenebuli meTodia. misi mizania sxvadasxva midgomis, ideisa Tu prob-lemis jgufSi warmodgena. saleqcio tipis gakveTilisgan gansxvavebiT, diskusiis dros moswavleebi aqtiurad monawileoben ama Tu im sakiTxis ganxilvaSi. diskusia xels uwyobs iseTi unar-Cvevebis Camoyalibebas, ro-goricaa: msjeloba, aqtiuri mosmena, gansxvavebuli azris pativiscema, koreqtuli qceva, argumentebis Camoyalibeba da sxv. diskusiam, rogorc aqtivobam, SeiZleba kargi motivaciac Seqmnas, rom, magaliTad, moswav-leebma moiZion axali informacia, gaimyaron codna da ufro Zlieri da obieqturi argumentebiT daupirispirdnen gansxvavebul azrs.

diskusiis sworad warsamarTad aucilebelia misi Tavidanve or-ganizeba da erTgvari kontroli, rac gulisxmobs garkveuli wesebis dacvas, romlebsac moswavleebi maswavlebelTan erTad Camoayalibeben. ase, magaliTad: roca erTi laparakobs, sxvebi usmenen; raimes Tqma Tu gsurs, aiwie xeli; sxvas ar gaawyvetino sityva; dauSvebelia sxva mo-saubris qiliki; kamaTSi yvela iRebs monawileobas da ase Semdeg. we-sebis CamonaTvali SeiZleba gaizardos maswavleblisa da moswavleebis SeTanxmebis safuZvelze.

diskusiis dagegmvisas gasaTvaliswinebelia, moswavleebs sadiskusio Temaze sakmarisi codna hqondeT, raTa SeZlon sakuTari azris gamoTq-

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ma, misi dacva an sxvisi azris gakritikeba; winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi, di-skusia azrs dakargavs.

diskusiis warmatebiT Catarebaze, pirvel rigSi, maswavlebelia pa-suxismgebeli. man unda daareguliros procesi da Seasrulos fasil-itatoris roli. maswavlebelma mkafiod unda gansazRvros diskusiis Catarebis formati: vin da ra drois ganmavlobaSi ilaparakebs, ra Tan-mimdevrobiT, rogor unda daisvas SekiTxvebi da a.S.

diskusiisas mniSvnelovania kiTxvebis swori formulireba. kiTxvebi gansxvavdeba daniSnulebis mixedviT: diskusia iwyeba e.w. mTavari kiTx-viT, romelic gansazRvravs diskusiis arss, warmoadgens sadiskusio sakiTxs. Semdeg maswavlebelma SeiZleba dasvas damazustebeli kiTxve-bi diskusiis mimarTulebis misacemad da/an Sesacvlelad. dasaSvebia, moswavlis mier maswavleblisaTvis dasmuli kiTxva sxva moswavlisaken iqnes mimarTuli, im mizniT, rom diskusiaSi yvela CaerTos.

maswavlebelma unda gaiTvaliswinos, rom diskusiis procesSi aravin iyos dominanti, ar gamoxatos simpaTia Tu antipaTia mokamaTe mxareebis mier gamoTqmuli konkretuli mosazrebebis mimarT; is unda iyos neitra-luri figura, romelsac yvelasTan Tanabari damokidebuleba eqneba.

diskusia rom efeqturi iyos, am procesSi erTdroulad ar unda monawileobdes Zalian bevri moswavle; did jgufTan muSaobisas maswav-lebelma unda SeZlos yvela moswavlis CarTva diskusiaSi. mniSvnelova-nia diskusiaSi monawile mxareebi warmodgenili iyos moswavleTa Tana-bari raodenobiT. sasurvelia, `mowinaaRmdege~ mxareebi erTmaneTis pirispir isxdnen, xolo maswavlebels, rogorc diskusiis fasilita-tors, orive jgufTan Tavisuflad SeeZlos urTierToba.

unda aRiniSnos, rom diskusiis sxvadasxva forma arsebobs, rac in-terpretaciisa da aqtivobis mravalferovnad Catarebis saSualebas iZleva. es formebia:

1) `mrgvali magida~ – moswavleTa mcire jgufs Soris gamarTuli saubari winaswar SerCeul Temaze (am dros xdeba azrTa urTierT-gacvla);

2) `paneluri diskusia~ – calkeul jgufebs hyavT winaswar arCeuli liderebi, maTi daxmarebiT sakiTxi ganixileba jgufSi da mxolod Semdeg gamoaqvT klasis winaSe;

3) `forumi~ – paneluri diskusiis msgavsia, romlis drosac konk-retul sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT jgufi sakuTar mosazrebebs klass (danarCenebs) uziarebs;

4) `simpoziumi~ – monawileebi ama Tu im sakiTxis irgvliv damoukide-blad gamodian moxsenebebiT da dainteresebis SemTxvevaSi pasuxo-ben klasis kiTxvebs;

5) `debatebi~ – agebulia monawileTa winaswar dagegmil gamosvleb-ze. kamaTi iwyeba ori dapirispirebuli mxaris TiTo warmomadgen-lis gamosvliT. gamomsvlelTa dro winaswar aris gansazRvruli;

6) `sasamarTlo sxdoma~ – es aris saqmis sasamarTloSi ganxilvis im-itacia;

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7) `kuTxeebi~ – es meTodi gamoiyeneba saklaso diskusiis warmarTvi-sas, kamaTis provocirebisa da jgufebs Soris paeqrobisTvis. aseve sasurvelia es meTodi gamoviyenoT teqstis kiTxvis an filmis nax-vis Semdeg. pedagogi moswavleebs sTavazobs mosazrebis mza for-mulirebas, romelTan damokidebulebasac moswavleebi gamoxataven oTaxis Sesabamisi kuTxis arCeviT, sadac winaswar aris gakeTebuli warwerebi: `veTanxmebi~, `ar veTanxmebi~, `var neitraluri~.

dadebiTi mxareebi:

• moswavleebi diskusiis dros ganxilul sakiTxebs kargad imaxsovre-ben;

• maRalia moswavleTa monawileobis xarisxi (CarTuloba);

• moswavles eZleva sakuTari azris Camoyalibebis, gamoTqmisa da dasabuTebis SesaZlebloba.

risk-faqtorebi:

• diskusiis msvlelobisas, Tu wamyvani srulyofilad ver marTavs jgufs, es aqtivoba araracionaluri iqneba da did dros waiRebs.

diskusiis dasrulebis Semdeg aucilebelia procesis Sejameba, rasac Tavdapirvelad akeTebs maswavlebeli, xolo gamocdilebis dagrovebis Semdeg am procesSi moswavleebic aqtiurad erTvebian. Sejamebisas unda gaanalizdes rogorc Sinaarsi, anu ra mogvca diskusiam, ra gvaswavla da a.S, ise procesi – ramdenad komfortulad grZnobdnen moswavleebi Tavs, advili iyo Tu ara wesebis dacva da a.S.

diskusiis Catareba, rogorc wesi, ar saWiroebs gansakuTrebul garemos an damxmare saSualebebs, Tumca sasurvelia gvqondes dafa, raTa diskusiaSi monawile mxareebs mieceT sakuTari azrebis werilo-biT gamoxatvis saSualeba.

eqskursia-SemecnebiTi daTvaliereba

eqskursia aris raimes koleqtiuri daTvaliereba – gamgzavreba, gaseirneba saswavlo, samecniero, sportuli an garTobis mizniT. eq-skursiis dros moswavleebs saSualeba eZlevaT konkretul sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT saxelmZRvanelodan miRebuli informacia da codna gana-mtkicon realur garemoSi.

eqskursias sailustracio funqcia aqvs. eqskursiaze nanaxi da mos-menili moswavleebs ukeT amaxsovrdebaT, vidre mxolod moyolili mas-ala, vinaidan e.w. smeniT maxsovrobas emateba mxedvelobiTi maxsovroba da aRqma kidev ufro Zlierdeba.

eqskursiis, rogorc saswavlo RonisZiebis, gamoyenebis Taobaze sami mosazreba arsebobs:

1. eqskursiaze moswavleebi midian saswavlo wlis dawyebisTanave.

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eqskursia xels uwyobs moswavleTa da pedagogTa daaxloebas, aRvivebs interess sxvadasxva sakiTxis mimarT da zrdis swavlis motivacias;

2. eqskursiaze moswavleebi midian saswavlo wlis dasrulebisas, rodesac isini ukve saTanado codnasa da unar-Cvevebs floben da Seu-ZliaT realur garemoSi daakvirdnen maTTvis saintereso obieqtebsa Tu movlenebs;

3. eqskursias gegmavs sagnis pedagogi, wlis ganmavlobaSi sagnis saWiroebisa da specifikidan gamomdinare. eqskursia Zalian saintereso da Sinaarsiani iqneba, Tu mowveuli iqneba gareSe stumari, romelic ufro zust informacias miawvdis bavSvebs maTTvis sainterso Temebze da samizne jgufTan arsobrivad iqneba dakavSirebuli. stumari SeiZle-ba iyos mecnieri, sazogadoebisTvis cnobili pirovneba da sxv.

skolis gareT swavlebas SeiZleba garkveuli problemebi axldes, am-itom aucilebelia eqskursiis detaluri dagegmva, raTa Tavidan avici-loT gaugebrobebi. maswavlebelma winaswar unda gaiTvaliswinos da dagegmos Semdegi sakiTxebi: eqskursiis mizani, eqskursiis zusti dro, moswavleebis dasaSvebi raodenoba.

saeqskursio jgufSi moswavleTa raodenoba damokidebulia klasis sidideze. sasurvelia, rom 5-6 bavSvs erTi ufrosi axldes (iqneba es pedagogi, skolis administraciis TanamSromeli Tu aqtiuri mSobeli).

maswavlebelma winaswar unda miawodos moswavleebs informacia eq-skursiis gegmis Sesaxeb – ra unda naxon, ras unda miaqcion gansakuTre-buli yuradReba da a.S., eqskursiis dros unda waaxalisos moswavleebi – dasvan kiTxvebi; SesaZlebelia saWiro gaxdes raRacis CaniSvnac.

dadebiTi mxareebi:

• swavlebis TvalsaCino meTodia – moswavle realur viTarebaSi akvirdeba da exeba garemos;

• amaRlebs moswavleTa motivacias;

• moswavleebs umuSavdebaT praqtikuli unar-Cvevebi;

• xels uwyobs klasis wevrTa daaxloeba-damegobrebas.

risk-faqtorebi:

• eqskursia erTjeradi RonisZiebaa, Sesabamisad, arasworad dageg-mvis SemTxvevaSi an gauTvaliswinebeli, xelis SemSleli garemoe-bebis gamo (magaliTad, cudi amindis) is SeiZleba araefeqturi gamodges.

eqskursiis dasrulebis Semdeg maswavlebeli moswavleebTan erTad ganixilavs mis Sedegebs – ra naxes an ra moismines, ramdenad gasagebi da saintereso iyo informacia; eqskursia SesaZloa moswavleTa samo-mavlo proeqtebisTvis wyarodac iqces. saqme isaa, rom eqskursia kargi saSualebaa imisaTvis, rom moswavlem Tavisi Cveuli garemosagan mo-SorebiT aRmoaCinos problemebi, romlebic mSobliur garemoSi mas Se-umCneveli rCeba.

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gonebrivi ieriSi – ideebis mobilizeba-Tavmoyra

gonebrivi ieriSi aris drois mcire monakveTSi didi raodenobis ideebis Tavmoyra, romelic SeiZleba Catardes an damoukideblad, an rogorc damxmare saSualeba sxva aqtivobis Sesrulebisas. gonebrivi ieriSis Sedegad xdeba ama Tu im TemasTan dakavSirebiT moswavleebis subieqturi azris gageba, romelic manamde maTTvis (moswavleebisTvis) ar warmoadgenda daswavlis kompetencias.

gonebrivi ieriSis procesi sakmaod martivia. Tavdapirvelad mas-wavlebeli asaxelebs gansaxilvel Temas da adgens gegmas; gonebrivi ieriSis dawyebamde aucilebelia jgufSi muSaobis wesebze SeTanxmeba, magaliTad: yvela idea sworia da TiToeuli maTgani unda ganvixiloT; gonebrivi ieriSis procesSi arafers ganvsjiT da vafasebT; mTavaria ideebis raodenoba da ara xarisxi.

moswavleebi dasmuli sakiTxis irgvliv gamoTqvamen uamrav mosaz-rebas/ideas, romelTac maswavlebeli dafaze iniSnavs. drois limiti winaswaraa gansazRvruli, magaliTad, 20-25 wT.

ideebis Camoweris Semdeg maswavlebeli maT xmamaRla, jgufis yvela wevrisTvis gasagonad kiTxulobs. Semdeg moswavleebi afaseben ideebs, davuSvaT, 3- an 5-qulian skalaze da erTmaneTis msgavs ideebs ajgufe-ben. sabolood SeirCeva sasurveli, yvelaze maRalquliani, daaxloebiT 3-4 idea.

rogorc aRvniSneT, gonebrivi ieriSis process maswavlebeli warm-arTavs. mas unda SeeZlos yuradRebiT mosmena da monawileebis waxal-iseba ideebis miwodebis procesSi. man xeli unda Seuwyos maqsimalurad bevri ideisa da mosazrebis Tavmoyras. maswavlebeli procesSi neitra-luri figuraa.

dadebiTi mxareebi:

• meTodi SemoqmedebiTia da moswavleebi Tavisuflad (SeuzRuda-vad) gamoTqvamen sakuTar ideebs;

• xSir SemTxvevaSi SesaZlebelia sxva meTodebTan kombinirebulad gamoyeneba.

risk-faqtorebi:

• rTulia yvela moswavlis CarTulobis xarisxis uzrunvelyofa;

• drois faqtori.

rekomendaciebi:

• winaswar SearCieT gansaxilveli Tema;

• gaiTvaliswineT monawileebis asakobrivi Taviseburebebi;

• yvela moswavles mieciT procesSi monawileobis SesaZlebloba;

• iyaviT maqsimalurad neitraluri da amavdroulad pozitiuri jgufis wevrebis mimarT.

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T-diagrama

swavla swavlebis procesSi erT-erTi yvelaze aqtiurad gamoyene-badi gamosaxvis saSualebaa. maswavlebelma SeiZleba igi mravalmxriv gamoiyenos. Zalian mosaxerxebeli da komfortulia sapirispiro mo-sazrebaTa gamosaTqmelad, movlenebisa da faqtebis Sesapirispireblad, Sesadareblad. savarjiSo maswavlebels exmareba informaciis dax-arisxebaSi, vTqvaT, dadebiTi da uaryofiTi an romelime sxva niSniT dasajgufeblad. savarjiSo sruldeba individualurad, wyvilebSi an jgufebSi.

prezentacia - wardgena

prezentacia auditoriis winaSe garkveuli Teoriuli Tu praqtiku-li masalis wardgenaa.

prezentacia efeqturi meTodia iseTi unarebis gansaviTareblad, rogoricaa: komunikacia, sakuTari poziciisa Tu mosazrebebis msmenel-isaTvis gacnoba, argumentireba, poziciis dacva da a.S. prezentaciis Tema SeiZleba iyos nebismieri sakiTxi. sasurvelia prezentaciis Teme-bis raodenoba SezRuduli iyos. rekomendebulia maqsimum sami Temis gamoyeneba.

prezentaciis momzadebisas maswavlebelma unda gaiTvaliswinos prezentaciis Tavisebureba. Tu moswavleebi akeTeben prezentacias, maswavlebelma winaswar unda misces maT prezentaciis tipuri sqema.

prezentacia Sedgeba sami nawilisagan:

1. Sesavali: Sesavali prezentaciis aucilebeli nawilia. am nawilis mizani auditoriis yuradRebis miqceva da pirveli kontaqtis damyare-baa. Sesavali prezentaciisaTvis gankuTvnili saerTo drois daaxloe-biT 20 procents Seadgens;

2. ZiriTadi nawili: ZiriTadi nawili prezentaciis yvelaze vrceli da sapasuxismgeblo nawilia. ZiriTad nawilSi ganixileba debulebebi, mosazrebebi da gamoiyeneba sailustracio masalebi. prezentaciis ga-keTebisas yuradReba eqceva saubris tons, qcevis maneras, rac mniS-vnelovan gavlenas axdens auditoriaze. es nawili prezentaciisaTvis gankuTvnili saerTo drois daaxloebiT 70 procents Seadgens;

daskvna: daskvniT nawilSi jamdeba prezentacia – risTvis gakeTda, ra iyo mizani da Sedegi. es nawili prezentaciis drois daaxloebiT 10 procents Seadgens.

SesaZlebelia, maswavlebelma moswavleebTan erTad SeimuSaos Se-fasebis skala sxvadasxva kriteriumis gaTvaliswinebiT, romlis mixed-viTac moxdeba prezentaciis Sefaseba.

prezentaciis gakeTeba specialur teqnikur aRWurvilobas saW-iroebs – proeqtors, leptops, dafas. sasurvelia, prezentacia Power-Point-Si gakeTdes.

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roluri TamaSi

roluri TamaSi – jgufuri muSaobis erT-erTi formaa, romelic xSirad swavlebis yvela safexurze gamoiyeneba. misi mizania konkretu-li situaciisa da ambis dramiT warmodgena da sakuTar Tavze gancda. igi saSualebas iZleva ukeT warmovadginoT, gaviazroT da gavaanal-izoT dasaxuli amocana.

roluri TamaSebi swavlebis aqtiuri formaa. moswavleebi axdenen Teoriuli codnis praqtikuli unarebiT gamyarebas. am dros SesaZle-belia moswavleebi ara mxolod gonebrivad, aramed fizikuradac aqti-urni iyvnen; sakiTxis ganxilvis garda, maT saSualeba aqvT gamoxaton TavianTi damokidebulebebi, emociebi, rac aadvilebs swavlis process da, Sesabamisad, masalis aTvisebas. swavlebis aqtiuri meTodebis gamoy-enebiT moswavleebi ufro martivad swavloben, vidre mxolod masalis wakiTxviT, mosmeniT an raimeze dakvirvebiT.

roluri TamaSebi im SemTxvevaSi gamoiyeneba, roca saWiroa sakiTxis Sesaxeb ara mxolod Teoriuli codnis, aramed realuri cxovrebiseuli gamocdilebis SeZena da unar-Cvevebis gamomuSaveba. magaliTad, rolu-ri TamaSebi efeqturi iqneba im SemTxvevaSi, rodesac gvsurs moswav-leebs gamovumuSaoT sxvadasxva situaciaSi qcevis wesebi an konfliq-tis Sedegiani mogvarebisTvis saWiro unari. roluri TamaSebi Zalian mniSvnelovania socialuri kompetenciebis, magaliTad, gunduri muSao-bis, komunikaciis, TanamSromlobisa da a.S. gansaviTarebladac. rolu-ri TamaSebi safuZvlian dagegmvas saWiroebs, konkretuli samuSaos Ses-rulebis gziT sasurveli Sedegi rom iqnas miRebuli.

roluri TamaSebis dawyebamde maswavlebelma/damrigebelma moswav-leebs unda gaacnos Tema da gaakeTos mokle Sesavali. magaliTad, es TamaSi gulisxmobs TanamSromlobas da gagrZeldeba 20 wT., ris Sem-degac xdeba Sedegebis ganxilva da Sejameba.

Semdeg klasi unda daiyos jgufebad. amisTvis SegviZlia gamovi-yenoT oTxi meTodi:

1. jgufis dayofa siis mixedviT (aseT SemTxvevaSi maswavlebelma/damrigebelma unda gaakontrolos jgufis Semadgenloba);

2. dayofa sakuTari survilisamebr – monawileebi jgufebad saku-Tari survilis mixedviT iyofian;

3. dayofa SemTxveviTi SerCevis xerxiT – jgufebis raodenobidan ga-momdinare, vTxovT monawileebs, gaiTvalon. gaTvlis Semdeg pir-veli nomrebi warmoqmnian pirvel jgufs, meore nomrebi – meores da a.S.;

4. daWrili baraTebis meSveobiT ganawilebisas damrigebelma unda aiRos imdeni feris patara baraTi, ramdeni jgufis Seqmnac unda. Semdeg TiToeuli feris baraTi daWras imden nawilad, ramdeni adamianic aris jgufSi; daWrili baraTebi patara kalaTaSi iyreba. monawileebi kalaTidan iReben daWrili baraTis TiTo furcels. erT jgufSi xvdebian erTi feris mflobelebi. feradi baraTebis nacvlad SeiZleba safosto baraTebis gamoyenebac. aseve SesaZle-belia monawileebi davyoT dabadebis Tvis, ricxvis, weliwadis drois mixedviT da a.S.

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Semdeg maswavlebeli monawileebs acnobs instruqcias. Tavad jgu-furi muSaobis procesSi aris neitraluri da asrulebs damkvirveblis rols.

Semdegi etapi aris uSualod TamaSi. moswavleebi asruleben rolebs instruqciis Sesabamisad. roluri TamaSebis Sedegi pirdapir ukavSir-deba jgufis wevrebis procesSi CarTvasa da dadebiTi atmosferos Se-narCunebas, amitom unda waxalisdnen jgufis pasiuri wevrebi, rom maq-simalurad CaerTon TamaSis procesSi.

roluri TamaSebis dasrulebis Semdeg monawileebi gamoTqvamen mosazrebebs, ra SeiZines/iswavles am TamaSidan. monawileebi jgufis muSaobis Sedegebs imis mixedviT afaseben, Tu ra iswavles, ra iyo pozi-tiuri da ra – negatiuri muSaobis procesSi; Semdeg unda ganixilon mxolod Sinaarsi da procesi da ara procesis monawileebi, pirovnebebi, maTi Tvisebebi da a.S.

roluri TamaSi erT-erTi yvelaze gavrcelebuli da moswavleebi-sTvis sayvareli swavlebis meTodia. roluri TamaSis praqtikuli ga-moxatvis mravali xerxi arsebobs. magaliTisTvis warmogidgenT, Cveni azriT, yvelaze interaqtiul da gavrcelebul modelebs:

1) dramatuli kiTxva – moswavleebi akeTeben prezentaciebs sxva-dasxva mxatvruli Tu dokumenturi literaturis safuZvelze da Tavad kuTxuloben;

2) imijis Seqmna – moxalise moswavleebi gamoTqvaven mosazrebas ada-mianis uflebebis Sesaxeb maTi sakuTari gamocdilebidan gamom-dinare. Semdeg moswavleebi iqmnian TiToeuli problemis Sesabamis imijs. Seqmnili imiji warmodgenili problemis adekvaturi unda iyos da Zalian kargad asaxavdes realur problemas. Semdeg mox-aliseebs eZlevaT davaleba – problemuri imiji Secvalon ideal-uri imijiT. amis Semdeg ewyoba diskusia, romeli moxalisis imiji iyo realurTan miaxloebuli, rogorc uaryofiT, aseve dadebiT konteqstSi;

3) marionetebi – monawileebi awyoben marionetebis Cvenebas adamianis uflebebis Temaze;

4) gayinva/ gaSeSeba – aqtivobis mimdinareobis dros TamaSis wamyvani TamaSis romelime monawiles moulodnelad aCerebs da sTxovs mas gamoxatos im wuTisTvis arsebuli emociebi. monawile akeTebs analizs imis Sesaxeb, ra moxda;

5) quCis Teatri – moswavleebi arCeven romelime problemas adamian-is uflebebTan dakavSirebiT da awyoben quCis warmodgenas gamv-lelebisTvis. amgvari aqtivoba propagandisa da popularizaciis saukeTeso saSualebaa sxva moqalaqeebisTvis, amave dros Zalian saxalisoa monawileebisTvis.

roluri TamaSebis dadebiTi mxareebi:

• roluri TamaSis dros viTardeba unar-Cvevebi, icvleba damok-idebulebebi;

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• roluri TamaSi realuri situaciis simulaciaa; monawileebs sa-Sualeba aqvT sxvebis TandaswrebiT gamoxaton TavianTi damok-idebuleba;

• roluri TamaSebi xels uwyobs SemoqmedebiTi unarebis ganviTare-bas, saxalisoa da zrdis motivacias;

• roluri TamaSebi xels uwyobs masalis safuZvlianad damaxsovre-bas, radgan am dros muSavdeba ara mxolod informacia, aramed monawileebi emociurad ganicdian process.

sokratuli meTodi

sokratuli meTodis gamoyenebis dros maswavlebeli svams mxolod problemur (da ara informaciul) kiTxvebs (magaliTad, `ras fiqrobT am sakiTxze?~ `ra ganmartebebi gvWirdeba amisaTvis?~) da ar awvdis infor-macias moswavleebs. am dros maswavlebeli ganixilavs gamonaklis SemTx-vevebs da martiv ideas eWvqveS ayenebs. igi moswavleebisgan moiTxovs az-rovnebas, raTa isini damoukideblad mividnen problemis gadawyvetamde.

sokratuli meTodis gamoyeneba SesaZlebelia diskusiiT, debatebiT, problemuri kiTxvebis dasmiT da sxv. zogjer maswavlebels mohyavs faqtebi moswavleTa mier gamoTqmuli mosazrebebis sawinaaRmdegod, magram ar afiqsirebs sakuTar pozicias. igi xels uwyobs im pasuxebis eWvqveS dayenebas, romelTac gvaZlevs, magaliTad, sxvadasxva avtorite-ti. moswavleebi Tavisuflad gamoTqvamen sakuTar mosazrebebs dasmul problemasTan dakavSirebiT, Tamamad Txzaven hipoTezebs da versiebs, aanalizeben erTmaneTis argumentebs.

keTebiT swavleba

keTebiT swavlebis anu praqtikis meTodis gamoyenebis dros moswav-leebs awvdian ara informacias, aramed zust instruqcias simulaciisaT-vis. am meTodis mizania moswavleebma zustad Seasrulon iseTi qmedebebi, romlebic xels uwyobs codnis miRebas an Cvevis Camoyalibebas.

praqtikis dros maswavlebeli gansakuTrebul yuradRebas aqcevs moswavleTa gamoxmaurebas (ukukavSirs), rac azrians xdis moswavlis praqtikas da exmareba mas, kargad gaacnobieros, rasac akeTebs da ara mxolod avtomaturad (meqanikurad) gaimeoros. amgvari swavleba mniS-vnelovan efeqts mxolod saTanado gamoxmaurebis SemTxvevaSi gvaZlevs. maswavlebelma moswavles unda SesTavazos aqtivobis sqema an modeli cxadad gamokveTili miRwevis doneebiT, romlis saSualebiTac moswav-le SeZlebs gansazRvros, ras moelian misgan da rogor fasdeba misi warmateba anu ra aris efeqturi `keTeba~ da miznis miRweva.

amrigad, praqtikis mTavari principebia: moswavleebisaTvis praqti-kuli davalebis micema, maTi waxaliseba da saTanado ukukavSiri (gamox-maureba), raTa maT azrianad imoqmedon.

amgvari praqtika SeiZleba esadagebodes ama Tu im konkretul qmede-bas – iqneba es xeebis nergebis SerCeva, xeebis dargva, xanZris Tavidan

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acileba, jebirebisa da wylis kalapotis Semowmeba, skolis evakuaciis gegmis Sedgena Tu sxv.

SesaZlebelia, maswavleblis survilisamebr, klasis donisa da Sesa-Zleblobis gaTvaliswinebiT, ZiriTadi sakiTxebis erT Temad miwodeba an piriqiT – erTi Temis dayofa ZiriTad sakiTxebad.

keTebiT swavla ufro saxalisoa; gansakuTrebiT maSin, roca moswav-leebi Tavad qmnian models, rukas. ase, magaliTad: jgufebi aferadeben saqarTvelos rukaze daculi teritoriebis kategoriebs (an kidev ev-ropis, an romelime sxva kontinentis konturul rukaze qveynebs) sxva-dasxvaferad da gamoWrian; Semdeg ucvlian mezobel jgufebs TavianT namuSevrebs da awyoben rukas. gamarjvebuli iqneba is jgufi, romelic yvelaze swrafad Seasrulebs davalebas.

TvalsaCinoebebze muSaoba

TvalsaCinoebebze muSaobis meTods mniSvnelovani adgili ukavia swavlebis procesSi da moswavleebs saSualebas aZlevs vizualuri in-formacia aRiqvan, gaiazron da axal informaciad aqcion. TvalsaCi-noebebi (magaliTad, rukebi, ilustraciebi, fotoebi da sxv.) farTod gamoiyeneba sazogadoebrivi mecnierebebis swavlebis yvela safexurze. am midgomiT bavSvs uviTardeba vizualuri unarebi. moswavle igebs, rom SeiZleba `waikiTxo~ ara marto teqsti, aramed fotoc da rukac, romlisganac maqsimaluri Tu ara, minimaluri informaciis miReba yov-elTvis SeiZleba. TiToeuli maTgani erTgvar gzamkvlevs warmoadgens rogorc maswavleblis, ise moswavlisaTvis.

TvalsaCinoebebze muSaobis meTodi saSualebas iZleva, moswavle daeuflos gamWol semiotikur kompetencias. semiotikuri kompetencia aris verbalurad da araverbalurad (rukis, diagramis, sqemis, naxatisa da a. S. saSualebiT) gadmocemuli informaciis gaazrebisa da inter-pretaciis, sakuTari naazrevisa da gancdilis sxvadasxva saSualebiT gadmocemis, informaciis niSanTa erTi sistemidan meoreSi gadatanis unari (magaliTad, teqstis ilustraciiT gamoxatvis an erTi formiT warmodgenili informaciis diagramis saxiT warmodgenis da a.S.); es procesi efeqturia da moswavlis mravalmxrivi inteleqtualuri ganvi-Tarebis saSualebas iZleva.

gakveTilisTvis konkretuli TvalsaCinoebis arCevisas gaiTvalis-wineT moswavleTa interesebi: am konkretuli TvalsaCinoebis gamoy-eneba SeZlebs gazardos swavlis motivacia? SeZleben moswavleebi am resursis saTanadod gamoyenebas? ra sabaziso unar-Cvevebi aqvT maT da romeli unarebis ganviTarebas Seuwyobs xels gamosayenebeli TvalsaC-inoeba?

teqstze muSaoba

werilobiT teqstze muSaoba erT-erTi mniSvnelovani da saWiro meTodia. es aCvevs moswavles arastandartuli teqstebis kiTxvas, am-

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didrebs mis leqsikur marags, xels uwyobs kritikuli azrovnebis gan-viTarebas.

teqstze muSaoba ramdenime etapad unda davyoT. Tavdapirvelad mos-wavleebs teqstis zedapiruli gadaTvaliereba unda vTxovoT. sasur-velia, maT teqstidan personaliebis, TariRebis, obieqtebisa da sxva, advilad aRsaqmeli informaciis gamocalkeveba da amowera davavaloT. teqstis amgvarad damuSavebis Semdeg moswavleebs ZiriTadad aRar aSinebT masalis teqstis sirTule da isini ukve mzad arian ufro rTu-li aqtivobebis Sesasruleblad.

momdevno etapze saWiroa teqsti azrobriv abzacebad da strofebad davanawiloT. kargi iqneba, aseT azrobriv erTeulebs saTaurebsac Tu davarqmevT da maT Sinaarss sajarod gavaanalizebT.

teqstis struqturuli damuSavebis Semdeg misi Sinaarsobrivi mx-aris damuSavebaze gadavdivarT. amisTvis vsvamT analitikur kiTxvebs, rac moswavles kritikul azrovnebas ganuviTarebs.

dadebiTi Sedegebi:

• werilobiT wyaroebze muSaoba moswavles uviTarebs da aCvevs:

• faqtebisa da movlenebis interpretaciis unars;

• analitikuri msjelobis unars;

• arastandartuli teqstebis kiTxvas;

• werilobiT dokumentebSi aRwerili realobis sazogadoebriv cx-ovrebasTan dakavSirebas.

risk-faqtori:

• asakisTvis Seusabamo da gaumarTavi teqstis miwodeba.

proeqti1

proeqti Zalian mniSvnelovani da saWiro interaqtiuli meTodia. is saukeTeso saSualebaa calkeuli sakiTxebis damoukideblad kvlevisT-vis.

proeqtze muSaobisas konkretuli valdebulebebi ekisrebaT ro-gorc maswavlebels, ise moswavleebs, kerZod:

1) maswavlebelma Tavad unda SearCios saproeqto Tema, gansazRvros miznebi da Sedegebi da mxolod Semdeg warudginos moswavleebs. SesaZlebelia gonebrivi ieriSis gamoyenebiT moswavleebma Seqmnan sakvlevad sasurveli savaraudo Temebisa Tu problemuri sakiTx-ebis banki, maswavleblis daxmarebiT SearCion maT Soris erT-er-Ti, yvelaze aqtualuri, dasaxon miznebi da gansazRvron mosal-odneli Sedegebi;

1 proeqtuli swavlebis Sesaxeb meti informacia ix. mesame TavSi.

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2) maswavlebelma moswavleebTan erTad unda gansazRvros proeqtis Sesrulebis vadebi;

3) maswavlebelma unda miuTiTos resursebi, riTac moswavleebi is-argebleben kvlevis procesSi;

4) maswavlebeli unda daexmaros moswavleebs, saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi unda gauwios konsultaciebi.

proeqtis Sesaqmnelad saWiro sayrdeni kiTxvebi: ra? – mizani; rogor? – amocanebi; vin? – monawileebi; visTvis? – vin isargeblebs; rodis? – ra vadebSi.

rogori unda iyos proeqti? specifiuri; gazomvadi; miRwevadi-Sesrulebadi; realisturi; droSi gansazRvruli.

nebismieri meTodis dros klasi SeiZleba vamuSaoT individualu-ri, wyviluri, jgufuri an frontaluri organizaciuli formis gamoy-enebiT.

wyvilebsa da jgufebSi muSaoba Zalian efeqturi, moswavleTa erT-erTi yvelaze sayvareli aqtivobaa. organizebis es formebi xels uwyobs TanamSromlobis, gunduri muSaobis da, Tundac, lideris un-ar-Cvevebis Camoyalibebas.

aseve mniSvnelovania, rom moswavleebi acnobiereben drois fass da misi racionalurad gamoyenebis aucileblobas, swavloben da eCvevian funqciebis danawilebas da, rac mTavaria, kolegebis mimarT uviTarde-baT pasuxismgeblobis grZnoba. qvemoT warmovadgenT wyvilebSi muSao-bis ramdenime aucilebel wess:

• maswavlebeli klass yofs wyvilebad;

• klass eZleva saerTo davaleba da maswavlebeli Tavad anawilebs funqciebs;

• moswavleebi davalebas asruleben wyvilebSi;

• dro gansazRvrulia, Tumca damokidebulia davalebis sirTuleze.

niSandoblivia, rom wyvilebSi muSaobis dros gamomuSavebuli Ta-namSromlobis unar-Cvevebi kidev ufro mtkicdeba jgufSi muSaobisas.

jgufebad dayofis mravali xerxi arsebobs: Tanabari SesaZleblobebis bavSvebiT dakompleqteba, gogonebisa da biWebis gundi, moswavleebis megobruli urTierTobebis gaTvaliswineba, SemTxveviTi SerCeva da ase Semdeg, Tumca aucilebelia jgufebis danawileba moxdes swrafad, 2-3

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wuTis ganmavlobaSi.rac Seexeba jgufSi muSaobis wesebs (magaliTad, lideris SerCeva,

vin waradgens prezentacias da sxv.), sasurvelia, es wesebi Tavad mos-wavleebma daadginon, Tumca SesaZlebelia gaiTvaliswinon maswavleb-lis direqtiva an rCeva.

maswavlebelma winaswar unda gansazRvros drois limiti – davalebis Sesrulebis, prezentaciisa da SefasebisTvis.

samuSaos dasrulebis Semdeg TiToeuli jgufi warmoadgens sakuTar namuSevars. prezentaciis msvlelobisas maswavlebeli da moswavleebi gamomsvlels kiTxvebs ar usvamen. bolos namuSevrebi gamoifineba da maswavlebeli afasebs maT winaswar SerCeuli Sefasebis sqemis safuZ-velze.

qvemoT warmodgenilia jgufebSi muSaobis ramdenime aucilebeli wesi:

1) klasis dayofa sasurvelia 4-5-wevrian jgufebad, rac, zogadad, warmoadgens jgufis optimalur raodenobas;

2) klass eZleva saerTo davaleba;

3) davaleba sruldeba jgufebSi da misi yvela wevri sakuTari kompe-tenciis farglebSi erTveba muSaobis procesSi;

4) davaleba sruldeba winaswar dadgenil droSi( 15-20 wuTi);

5) jgufi muSaobs saerTo magidis garSemo.

SemTxvevis ganxilva:SemTxvevis ganxilvis meTodi inicirebul SemTxvevis ganxilvas

gulisxmobs. maswavlebeli moswavleebs jgufebad yofs, TiToeuli jgufi sakuTari Sexedulebisa da interpretaciis safuZvelze ganix-ilavs mocemul SemTxvevas; Semdeg imarTeba diskusia imis Sesaxeb Tu, romeli poziciaa ufro adekvaturi da realuri. modelebi sxvadasxvaa:

1) namdvili ambavi/realurad momxdari ambavi – istoriuli wyaroe-bisa da yofiTi faqtebis gamoyeneba;

2) hipoTeturi ambebi – am SemTxvevaSi gansaxilveli sakiTxebis Ser-Cevis farTo arCevani arsebobs. maswavlebels SeuZlia Tavad SearCios moqmedebis adgili, monawile pirebi Tu socialuri jgufebi, imis mixed-viT, Tu ra Sedegis miRweva surs.

3) savele kvleva – kvlevis dros miRebuli konkretuli Sedegis stacionaruli analizi-ganxilva.

interviu:

interviu informaciis pirdapiri gziT da yvelaze swrafad miRebis saSualebaa. arsebobs intervius Catarebis ramdenime modeli.

1) azris gamokiTxva – moswavle winaswar ayalibebs kiTxvas adamianis uflebebTan dakavSirebul romelime sakiTxze; gadis quCaSi da SemTx-veviTi SerCevis gziT usvams kiTxvas respondentebs, Tumca, SesaZle-belia, moswavlem winaswar gansazRvros respondentTa sqesic, asakica

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da interviuze ise gavides. intervius dasrulebis Semdeg moswavle ax-dens miRebuli informaciis raodenobriv da Tvisobriv daxarisxebas da akeTebs daskvnas sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT;

2) anketireba – gamokiTxvis monawileebi anu respondentebi pasuxo-ben winaswar gaweril anketas adamianis uflebebis sakiTxebTan dakav-SirebiT. sasurvelia, anketa ise iyos Sedgenili, rom respondentebs SeeZloT Semdegi saxis savaraudo pasuxebis gacema: absoluturad veTanxmebi, zogadad veTanxmebi, ar vici, zogadad ar veTanxmebi. mag-aliTad, erT-erTi kiTxva SeiZleba amgvari iyos: ` aris Tu ara janmrT-elobis dacva adamianis ufleba?~ moswavle Tavis respondents aZlevs garkveul dros anketis Sesavsebad. aqtivobis Semdeg xdeba Sedegebis damuSaveba. SesaZlebelia, moewyos diskusia klasSi;

3) gamokiTxva oficialuri dokumentebisa da monacemebis irgvliv – mocemuli naratiuli dokumentis irgvliv moswavle usvams kiTxvas SerCeul respondents, ramdenad eTanxmeba an ar eTanxmeba igi dokumen-tSi warmodgenil mosazrebas adamianis uflebebis Temaze.

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Tavi III. Sefasebis sistema

samoqalaqo ganaTlebis swavlebis procesSi moswavleTa Sefaseba bevr problemasTanaa dakavSirebuli. SeiZleba iTqvas, rom es proble-mebi samoqalaqo ganaTlebis SemTxvevaSi (sxva saskolo savaldebulo saganebTan SedarebiT) yvelaze mwvaved ikveTeba. saqme isaa, rom sam-izne Sedegebi (aqtiuri moqalaqeoba, samoqalaqo CarTuloba, humanuri Rirebulebebi da a.S.), romlebzec samoqalaqo ganaTlebis pedagogebi muSaoben, naklebad gazomvadia (maTi Semowmeba, xSirad, kargad dageg-mili kvlevis farglebSic Wirs). samoqalaqo ganaTlebis bevri maswav-lebeli Tavisi pedagogiuri praqtikidan xSirad ixsenebs SemTxvevebs, roca moswavlis semestruli niSniT Sefaseba metismetad bundovani kriteriumebis safuZvelze uwevs. am faqtma, Zalauneburad, SeiZleba gvibiZgos mosazrebisken, rom samoqalaqo ganaTlebis swavlebisas Se-fasebas mxolod formaluri mniSvneloba aqvs. es, ra Tqma unda, mc-dari mosazrebaa, vinaidan skolaSi pedagogis mizani visime moqalaqe-obis an RirebulebaTa sistemis Sefaseba ar aris. Sefasebis sistemis saSualebiT mxolod imis gamovlenaa saWiro, ramdenad flobs moswavle aqtiuri moqalaqeobisTvis aucilebel codnasa da unar-Cvevebs da ram-denad viTardeba igi wlidan wlamde am mimarTulebiT. amasaTan, arc is unda daviviwyoT, rom saswavlo procesi met-naklebad gamarTuli Sefasebis sistemis gareSe efeqturad ver warimarTeba. samoqalaqo ga-naTlebis swavlebis procesSi efeqturi Sefasebis sistemis saWiroeba eWvs ar iwvevs, Tumca misi (e.i. Sefasebis) dagegmvis procesSi uamravi SekiTxva da gamowveva Cndeba, romelic arTulebs samoqalaqo ganaT-lebis pedagogebis muSaobas. kerZod, yvelasaTvis cxadia, rom tradi-ciuli, safexurebiani (e.w. ganmsazRvreli) Sefaseba samoqalaqo ganaT-lebis swavlebisas bolomde efeqturi ar aris. Sefasebis sxva sistemebi ki an naklebad cnobilia, an praqtikaSi bevr winaRobas awydeba. winam-debare Tavi rig rekomendaciebs Seicavs, romlebic samoqalaqo ganaT-lebis pedagogebs am kuTxiT arsebuli sirTuleebis daZlevaSi daex-mareba.

2011-2016 wlebis erovnuli saswavlo gegmis mixedviT, sazogadoe-brivi mecnierebebis swavlebis procesSi rekomendebulia ganmsazRvre-li da ganmaviTarebeli Sefasebis gamoyeneba.

ganmsazRvreli Sefaseba akontrolebs swavlis xarisxs, adgens moswavlis miRwevis dones erovnuli saswavlo gegmiT gansazRvrul miznebTan mimarTebaSi. ganmsazRvrel SefasebaSi qulebi qvemoT moce-muli sqematuri normis Sesabamisad iwereba.

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qulebi Sefasebis doneebi

10maRali

9

8saSualoze maRali

7

6saSualo

5

4saSualoze dabali

3

2dabali

1

ganmaviTarebeli Sefaseba akontrolebs TiToeuli moswavlis gan-viTarebis dinamikas da xels uwyobs swavlis xarisxis gaumjobesebas. ganmaviTarebeli Sefasebisas gamoiyeneba iseTi saSualebebi, rogoricaa sityvieri komentari, rCeva-darigeba, dakvirvebis furceli, TviTSe-fasebisa da urTierTSefasebis sqema da sxv.

ganmaviTarebel da ganmsazRvrel SefasebaTa sqematuri aRweriloba:

ganmaviTarebeli ganmsazRvreli

mizani swavlis xarisxis gaumjobeseba;

moswavlis ganviTarebis xe-lSewyoba.

swavlis xarisxis gakon-troleba;

moswavlis miRwevis donis dadgena erovnuli saswav-lo gegmiT gansazRvrul miznebTan mimarTebaSi;

akademiuri moswrebis do-nis gansazRvra.

Sefasebis sagani

swavlis procesi swavlis Sedegi

Sefasebis Sedegad miRebuli gadaw-yvetileba

winsvlis xelSesawyobad gansx-vavebuli aqtivobis SerCeva, swavlebis strategiis Secvla, rCeva-darigebis micema da sxv.

momdevno etapze (klasSi/safexurze) daSveba/ard-aSveba

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warmatebis krite-riumebis gansazRvra

konkretuli moswavlis winsvlis safuZvelze (sakuTar miRwev-ebTan mimarTebiT – ra dones flobda, ra dones flobs)

imis safuZvelze, Tu ram-denad miaRwia standartiT gansazRvrul Sedegebs (yvelasaTvis saerTo, stan-dartiT dadgenil normas-Tan mimarTebaSi)

Sefasebis saSuale-bebi

TviT/urTierTSefasebis rubri-ka;kiTxvari;

sityvieri (zepiri/werilobiTi) komentari;

unaris ganviTarebis donis aRwera.

qula

xSirad skolebSi ganmaviTarebel Sefasebas jerovani yuradReba ar eTmoba, rac, praqtikulad, gamoricxavs erovnuli saswavlo gegmiT gaTvaliswinebuli miznebis miRwevas. saqme isaa, rom saswavlo gegmis calkeuli (maT Soris samoqalaqo ganaTlebis) sagnobrivi standarti gansazRvravs konkretul sagnobriv kompetenciebs, romelTac unda dae-uflon moswavleebi dasaxuli miznebis misaRwevad. sagnobriv standart-Si aRwerili kompetenciebi, rogorc zemoT ukve iyo aRniSnuli, moicavs sami kategoriis codnas: a) deklaraciul anu statikuri xasiaTis codnas, romelic ver uzrunvelyofs codnis procedurulad gamoyenebas; mos-wavlis codna deklaraciulia, Tu man icis konkretuli operaciis war-moebis wesi, Tumca ver iyenebs mas; b) procedurul anu dinamikur codnas, romelic codnis gamoyenebis, realizebis saSualebas iZleva; moswavlis codna procedurulia, Tu is asrulebs operacias. proceduruli aT-viseba mravaljeradi gavarjiSebis gziT xdeba da g) pirobiseul anu fun-qciur codnas, romelic uzrunvelyofs codnis adekvaturad gamoyene-bas. moswavlis codna pirobiseulia, Tu mas SeuZlia dasmuli amocanis amosaxsnelad SearCios saTanado operacia.

deklaratiuli

statiuri

vici

proceduruli

dinamiuri

SemiZlia

pirobiseuli

dinamiuri,funqciuri

viyeneb adekvaturad

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aqve unda iTqvas, rom erovnuli saswavlo gegmis sazogadoebriv mecnierebaTa sagnobriv programaSi mkafiodaa gawerili is kompeten-ciebi/ unar-Cvevebi, romlebic saskolo Sefasebis sistemam unda Sea-mowmos.

Sefasebis sistema sami komponentisagan Sedgeba: saklaso samuSao, saSinao davaleba, Semajamebeli davaleba.

1. saklaso samuSao

fasdeba Semdegi codna1 da unarebi:• problemis gaazreba;

• komunikacia;

• swavla;

• TanamSromloba;

• sazogadoebriv cxovrebaSi aqtiuri monawileoba;

• SemoqmedebiToba;

• drois istoriuli gageba;

• garemoze pasuxismgebloba da zrunva;

• istoriuli kvleva2;

• geografiuli kvleva;

• sivrceSi orientireba;

• istoriuli epoqis gancda;

• TvalsaCinoebebis gamoyeneba da Seqmna.

unarebi fasdeba Semdegi aqtivobebiT: • TemasTan dakavSirebiT dasmuli kiTxvebiT;

• dasmul kiTxvaze gacemuli pasuxiT;

• gansaxilvel sakiTxTan dakavSirebuli msjelobiTa da analiziT;

• ganxiluli movlenebisa da procesebisadmi sakuTari damokidebu-lebis gamoxatviT;

• dasmuli problemis gadaWris gzis SeTavazebiT;

• jgufur muSaobaSi Setanili wvliliT;

• diskusiaSi monawileobis sixSiriT;

• axsnili cnebebisa da terminebis ganmartebebiTa Tu gamoyenebiT;

• movlenebisa da procesebis ganxilvisas sakuTari mosazrebis da-sabuTebiT;

• TvalsaCinoebebis gamoyenebiTa da SeqmniT;

1 codna fasdeba TiToeuli sagnisa da klasis programuli Sinaarsis Sesabamisad.2 es kompetenciebi gankuTvnilia sazogadoebrivi mecnierebebis oTxive sagnisTvis (is-toria, geografia, samoqalaqo ganaTleba, samoqalaqo Tavdacva da usafrTxoeba) da ara mxolod samoqalaqo ganaTlebisTvis.

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• prezentaciiT;

• drois limitis dacviT;

• diskusiaSi gamoTqmuli mosazrebebiTa da argumentebiT.

2. saSinao davaleba

fasdeba Semdegi codna da unarebi:• problemis gaazreba;

• informaciis mopoveba da organizeba;

• kavSirebisa da mimarTebebis dadgena;

• komunikacia;

• swavla ;

• TanamSromloba;

• problemis gadaWra ;

• SemoqmedebiToba;

• istoriuli drois gageba;

• garemoze pasuxismgebloba da zrunva;

• istoriul-geografiuli kvleva;

• sivrceSi orientireba;

• istoriuli epoqis gancda;

• TvalsaCinoebebis gamoyeneba da Seqmna;

• kritikuli azrovneba.

unarebi fasdeba Semdegi aqtivobebiT: • cnebebisa da terminebis ganmartebebiTa Tu gamoyenebiT;

• movlenebisa da procesebis ganxilvisas mosazrebebis argumenti-rebiT;

• dasmul kiTxvaze gacemuli pasuxiT;

• gansaxilvel sakiTxTan dakavSirebuli msjelobiTa da analiziT;

• dasmuli problemis gadaWris gzis CamoyalibebiT;

• TvalsaCinoebebis gamoyenebiTa da SeqmniT;

• prezentaciiT;

• diskusiaSi gamoTqmuli mosazrebebiTa da argumentebiT;

• weriTi namuSevris SeqmniT.

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3. Semajamebeli Sefaseba3

fasdeba Semdegi unarebi:• kritikul pirobebSi (testi, sakontrolo da sxva) codnisa da un-

ar-Cvevebis gamomJRavneba;

• problemis gaazreba;

• informaciis mopoveba da organizeba;

• kavSirebisa da mimarTebebis dadgena;

• komunikacia;

• istoriul-geografiuli kvleva;

• problemis gadaWra;

• SemoqmedebiToba;

• sivrceSi orientireba;

• istoriuli epoqis gancda;

• TvalsaCinoebebis gamoyeneba da Seqmna;

• garemoze pasuxismgebloba da zrunva;

• kritikuli azrovneba.

Semajamebeli davalebebis tipebi:• sakontrolo wera;

• testireba;

• kiTxva-pasuxi;

• Tema/ese;

• prezentacia;

• proeqti;

• referati;

• kvleva;

• diskusia/debatebi;

• konferencia.

moTxovnebi, romlebsac unda akmayofilebdes Semajamebeli davaleba

• davalebis TiToeul tips unda axldes Tavisi Sefasebis zogadi rubrika;

• zogadi rubrika unda dazustdes konkretuli davalebis pirobisa da gavlili masalis gaTvaliswinebiT;

3 Semajamebeli samuSaoebi sruldeba rogorc zepiri (diskusia, inscenireba) da weriTi (testi, naSromi, istoriul-geografiuli Tema), ise Sereuli (prezentaciis an proeqtis wardgena) formiT saswavlo Temis, Temebis blokisa Tu saswavlo procesis garkveuli etapis dasrulebis Semdeg.

36

• 10 qula unda gadanawildes rubrikaSi Semaval kriteriumebze;

• miTiTebuli unda iyos sagnobrivi standartis is Sedegebi, ro-melTa Sefasebasac emsaxureba Semajamebeli davaleba.

maSasadame, 2011-2016 wlebis erovnuli saswavlo gegmis samoqalaqo ganaTlebis sagnobrivi programis Sedegebi SeiZleba daZleulad CaiT-valos, Tu moswavlis mier gakveTilze SeZenili codna samive komponents moicavs (deklaraciuls, pirobiseuls, proceduruls) da moswavle av-lens iseT unarebs, rogoricaa: problemis gaazreba, swavlis swavla, in-formaciis mopoveba da organizeba, kavSirebisa da mimarTebebis dadge-na, kritikuli azrovneba, komunikacia, TanamSromloba, sazogadoebriv cxovrebaSi aqtiuri monawileoba, SemoqmedebiToba, garemoze pasux-ismgebloba da zrunva, TvalsaCinoebebis gamoyeneba da Seqmna. miuxeda-vad imisa, rom erovnul saswavlo gegmaSi arcTu mcire raodenobiTaa gansazRvruli davalebebis tipebi (sakontrolo wera, testireba, kiTx-va-pasuxi, Tema/ese, prezentacia, proeqti, referati, kvleva, diskusia/debatebi, konferencia), romelTa safuZvelzec samoqalaqo ganaTlebis swavlebis kuTxiT moswavlis miRwevebi SeiZleba Sejamdes, praqtikaSi farTod mxolod ramdenime maTgania danergili. am mxriv yvelaze metad popularulia testireba4, yvelaze naklebad ki kvleva, proeqti, Tema/ese da konferencia gamoiyeneba.

es garemoeba bevr problemas qmnis. saqme isaa, rom standartize-buli testebi, umTavresad, mxolod moswavlis deklaraciul codnas amowmebs. saswavlo procesSi proeqtis, kvlevis, konferenciisa da Se-fasebis sxva tipebis gamouyenebloba praqtikulad SeuZlebels xdis ganmaviTarebeli Sefasebis warmoebasa da erovnuli saswavlo gegmis Sedegebis daZlevas. erovnuli saswavlo gegmiT gaTvaliswinebuli Se-degebis miRweva mxolod ganmsazRvreli da ganmaviTerebeli Sefasebis kombinirebulad gamoyenebis SemTxvevaSia SesaZlebeli.

ganmaviTarebeli Sefasebis praqtikaSi danergva bevr sirTulesTanaa dakavSirebuli. saskolo sivrceSi mis implementacias farTo Teoriuli codna da praqtikuli gamocdileba sWirdeba. qvemoT mocemuli infor-macia pedagogebs am mxriv arsebuli problemebis daZlevaSi daexmareba.

pirvel rigSi, unda aRiniSnos, rom samoqalaqo ganaTlebis (iseve rogorc bevri sxva sagnis) calmxrivi, mxolod Teoriul codnaze orientirebuli swavleba mxolod qarTuli saganmanaTleblo sivrcis problemas ar warmoadgens. tradiciuli Sefasebis sistemis naklovane-bebic didi xania msjelobis sagania. ganaTlebis sferoSi yvelaze me-tad warmatebuli qveynebis SemTxvevaSic ki Sefaseba saganmanaTleblo sistemis Zlier mxares ar warmoadgens. am mxriv, sirTuleebs, rogorc ukve iTqva, e.w. tradiciul Sefasebis sistema qmnis, romlis SezRud-ul SesaZleblobebsac specialistebi erTxmad aRiareben (igi pedago-

4 am SemTxvevaSic, iseve, rogorc me-5 SeniSvnaSi iyo miTiTebuli, avtorTa msjeloba ar aris gamyarebuli statistikuri masaliT. isini, erTi mxriv, skolebSi Semajamebeli davalebebis analizs, meore mxriv ki, 2012-2013 wlebSi erovnuli saswavlo gegmebis de-partamentis warmomadgenlebis skolis pedagogebTan Sexvedris angariSebs eyrdnobian.

37

gisTvis Zalze komfortulia, Tumca naklebad axerxebs moswavlis un-ar-Cvevebis Semowmebasa da ganviTarebas). am fonze sul ufro da ufro popularuli xdeba Sefasebis alternatiuli sistema. igi samecniero literaturasa da praqtikaSi sxvadasxva saxeliT aris cnobili. kerZod, mis aRsaniSnavad gamoiyeneba iseTi terminebi, rogoricaa: authentic as-sessment, integrative assessment, holistic assessment, assessment for learning, forma-tive assessment, performance assesment5 da a.S., Tumca maT erTi umniSvnelo-vanesi maxasiaTebeli aerTianebs – TiToeuli maTgani moswavlisagan im tipis davalebebze muSaobas moiTxovs, romlebic mis garkveul un-ar-Cvevebsa da aqtiur codnas warmoaCenen. zogadad, Sefasebis alter-natiuli sistemis mizania gamoavlinos, ramdenad ganviTarebuli aqvT moswavleebs kompetenciebi, romelTa safuZvelzec SeZenili codnis praqtikul realizebas SeZleben. saukeTeso SemTxvevaSi alternatiuli Sefasebis kargi sistema mTel rig kriteriumebs unda akmayofilebdes, kerZod:

1. igi moswavleebisgan SeZenili codnis mecnierul konteqstSi gam-oyenebas moiTxovs;

2. moswavlem socilur garemos eqspertis TvaliT unda uyuros;

3. unda Candes, rom moswavleebs ara marto siRrmiseulad esmiT Si-naarsi, aramed misi praqtikuli realizaciis unaric SeswevT;

4. kargi Sefasebis sistema moswavleebs rogorc Temis SerCevis, ise misi damuSavebis procesSi, arCevanis saSualebas unda aZlevdes;

5. moswavleebs mkafio warmodgena unda hqondeT imis Sesaxeb, rogor Sefasdeba maTi naSromi;

6. Sefaseba umniSvnelovanes, centralur sakiTxebze unda iyos kon-centrirebuli;

7. gansazRvruli unda iyos simkacris minimaluri standarti.

maSasadame, avTenturi (alternatiuli) Sefasebis upiratesoba isaa, rom igi moswavleebs aqtiuri codnis SeZenisken ubiZgebs – maSin, roca tradiciuli sistema am sargebels moklebulia; Sefasebis alternati-uli sistemisTvis mTavaria imis gansazRvra, Tu ramdenad SeZlebs mos-wavle SeZenili codnis praqtikul gamoyenebas.

Cveulebriv, Sefasebis alternatiuli sistema tradiciuli sistemis-gan principulad gansxvavebul fenomenad ganixileba, Tumca maTi para-lelur reJimSi warmoeba sayovelTaod gavrcelebuli praqtikaa6.

maT Soris arsebuli gansxvavebebi sqematurad ase SeiZleba gamois-axos:

5 mecnierebi zogjer maT sinonimebad ganixilaven, zogjer ki maT Soris arsebul specifikur gansxvavebebze saubroben.6 xSirad Sefasebis tradiciul da alternatiul sistemebs manqanis tarebis testis Teoriul da praqtikul komponentebs adareben.

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tradiciuli Sefaseba avTenturi Sefaseba

arCeviTi pasuxebi –––––––––––––––– SemoqmedebiTi produqti gamogonili –––––––––––––––– cxovrebiseuli daswavla –––––––––––––––– konstruireba maswavleblis mier –––––––––––––––– moswavlis mier organizebuli organizebuli arapirdapiri –––––––––––––––– pirdapiri monacemebi monacemebi

alternatiuli Sefasebis sistema dRes samecniero literaturaSi kargi gamoxmaurebiT sargeblobs. saerTaSoriso kvlevebi erTmniS-vnelovnad adasturebs mis maRal potencials, Tumca skolebSi misi danergva neli tempiT mimdinareobs. 2011-2016 wlebis saqarTvelos erovnul saswavlo gegmaSi Sefasebis alternatiuli sistemebi (iseTi, rogoricaa authentic assessment, integrative assessment, holistic assessment, as-sessment for learning, formative assessment, performance assesment da a.S.) ar aris naxsenebi (gansxvavebiT, magaliTad, singapurisgan), Tumca, misi umTavresi principebi aq ganmaviTarebeli Sefasebis konceptis saxiTaa SemoTavazebuli.

vfiqrobT, avTenturi Sefasebis sistemis elementebis gamoyeneba da saswavlo procesSi danergva saqarTvelos skolebis samoqalaqo ganaT-lebis pedagogebs didad daexmareba imaSi, rom Tavidan aicilon saswav-lo procesis calmxrivoba, misi mxolod deklaraciul codnaze orien-tirebuloba.

rogor unda vawarmooT skolebSi avTenturi Sefaseba?skolebSi avTenturi Sefasebis warmoebis erTmniSvelovni in-

struqciebi, ra Tqma unda, ar arsebobs, Tumca, metad gavrcelebuli praqtikaa portfolios gamoyeneba. alternatiuli Sefasebis momxree-bi, Cveulebriv, mas did yuradRebas uTmoben. windawinve xazgasmiT unda aRiniSnos, rom portfolio ar aris ubralo saqaRaldeze, romelSic ubralod moswavleebis namuSevrebi grovdeba. masSi Tavmoyrili mos-wavlis naSromebis koleqcia mkafiod unda aCvenebs moswavlis Zalisx-mevas, unarianobasa da progress garkveul drois monakveTSi. saamisod saWiroa saswavlo procesis dasawyisSi winaswar iyos deklarirebuli Tu romeli unarebi unda gamoavlinon moswavleebma SemoqmedebiTi davalebebis saSualebiT. amasTan, saWiroa, mkafiod iyos gansazRvruli Tu ra tipis produqti SeiZleba gaxdes portfolios nawili da rogori iqneba misi Sefasebis kriteriumebi.

ra tipis produqti SeiZleba gaxdes portfolios nawili? portfolios nawili SeiZleba gaxdes rogorc werilobiTi, ise Tx-

robiTi da vizualuri masala. am sam kategoriaSi, SesaZloa, bevri sxva-dasxva tipis produqti moTavsdes. kerZod, socialuri reklama, visime biografia, referati, broSra, ese, Jurnali, werili, statia, memoran-dumi, gazeTi, saproeqto winadadeba, testi, scenari, interviu, zepiri prezentacia, Tojinebis Sou, radiodadgma, gakveTilis gegma, parodia, baneri, naxati, diagrama, ruka, modeli, fotografia, posteri, kiTx-

39

vari, albomi, video, veb–saiti da sxva. sasurvelia, moswavleebma Tvi-Ton SearCion ganxorcielebuli proeqtis prezentaciis maTTvis ufro misaRebi forma. pedagogi ki valdebulia Seqmnas Sefasebis rubrika, romelic warmodgenili naSromis Sefasebis safuZveli gaxdeba.

Sefasebis rubrikebiSemoqmedebiTi produqtis Sefasebisas qulobrivi aRnusxvis saukeTe-

so saSualebaa rubrikebi. rubrikebis uamravi variacia arsebobs. mag-aliTad, 2011-2016 wlebis erovnuli saswavlo gegma proeqtis, diskusi-isa da referatis Sefasebis rubrikas gvTavazobs:

proeqtis Sefasebis ganzogadebuli rubrika

maqsimaluri jamuri qulis gayofiT samze moxdeba mogrovili qulebis aTqulian Sefasebaze gadayvana

elementaruli

1 qula

misaRebi

2 qula

ostaturi

3 qula

1.mizani ar aris kargad gamokveTili, bun-dovania

xdeba erT mizanze foku-sireba

kargad gamokveTili miznebi, martivad aRsaqmeli

2.organi-zeba

sustad organi-zebuli, ar aris ideebs Soris logikuri jaWvi, rac abnevs mkiTx-vels/msmenels

gaazrebulia Tanmimdevru-loba, organi-zebis niSnebiT, zogi gadasvla ideebs Soris aris martivi, zogi gaugebari

kargad organizebu-li formati, logi-kuri gadasvla erTi ideidan meoreze, organizeba zrdis proeqtis efeq-turobas

3.Sinaar-sis kore-qtuloba

xSirad gvxvdeba Seusabamo, mcdari informacia,

ZiriTadad koreqtulia, zogierTi Seus-abamo an mcdari informaciiT

mTlianad koreqtu-li, faqtebi zusti da mkafio

4.enobrivi gamarTu-loba

enobrivad gaumar-Tavi, xSiri Sec-domebiT

enobrivad gamarTuli, mcire Secdome-biT

enobrivad gamar-Tulia, daculia punqtuaciis niSnebi

40

5.kvleva kvleva arae-feqturadaa dagegmili, gamoy-enebuli wyaroebi ar aris sando, analizi zedapi-rulia

kvleva dagegmil-ia, magram jgu-fis potenciali mTlianad ar aris gamoyenebu-li, SezRuduli raodenobis wyaroebia gamoy-enebuli, analizi misaRebia

kvleva aris dage-gmili, gamoyenebu-lia araerTi wyaro da analizi siRrmi-seulia

6.TvalsaC-inoebebi

TvalsaCinoebebi xSirad SinaarsTan Seusabamoa, an ar aris jgufis mier Seqmnili

TvalsaCinoe-bebis kavSiri SinaarsTan natelia, magram erTferovania,

mravalferovani, Sinaarsis Sesatyvi-si, akuratulad Sesrulebuli

7.Semoq-medebiTo-ba

mcire Semoq-medebiTi energiis danaxarji jgufis mxridan

zogjer Cans jgufis origi-naluri azrebi, rac exmareba proeqtis ukeT warmoCenaSi

Cans jgufis orig-inaloba, siaxle da Taviseburi xedva, rac proeqts saint-eresos xdis

8.kavSirebi sagnebTan

ar Cans jgufis kompetencia sa-gnebSi, gvxvdeba faqtebis uzusto interpretireba

mosazrebebi dakavSirebulia erTi an ori sa-gnidan miRebul codnasTan

xdeba mTavari mosazrebebis daka-vSireba sxvadasxva sagnidan miRebul codnasTan, rac miuTiTebs jgufis mravali mimar-TulebiT kompeten-turobaze

9.daskvnebi ar aris Camoyal-ibebuli daskvnebi

daskvnebi Cam-oyalibebulia kvlevis adekva-turad, magram ar aris mkafio

daskvnebSi aris siaxle (origi-naloba), logikuri kavSiri igrZnoba kvlevasTan, isini mkafiodaa Camoyal-ibebulia

10.prez-entacia

efeqturad ar aris warmoCenili proeqtis arsi, uWirs azris Cam-oyalibeba da pa-suxebis gacema, ar aris miznobrivad gamoyenebuli TvalsaCinoebebi

bundovnad ayalibebs proeqtis arss, iyenebs TvalsaCinoe-bebs, pasuxobs SekiTxvebis umetesobas

naTlad Camoyal-ibebuli proeqtis arsi, mkafio me-tyveleba, auditori-aze gaTvlili, ZiriT-adi ideebia gaSlili, iyenebs TvalsaCi-noebebs da pasuxobs yvela kiTxvas

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referatis Sefasebis rubrika

am SemTxvevaSi me-3 da me-5 kriteriumebi fasdeba 0-2 quliT, xolo yvela danarCeni 0 an 1 quliT. maqsimaluri jami aris aTi qula.

moswavlis saxeli, gvari

1.mizani/Tezisi – kvlevis Sedegad gamoTqmu-li ZiriTadi idea

1

2.referatis organizeba 1

3.Sinaarsis koreqtuloba, faqtobrivi saime-dooba

2

4.enobrivi gamarTuloba 0

5.kvleva 2

6.ilustraciebi/ TvalsaCinoebebi 1

7.SeTavazebuli mosazrebis argumentebiTa da magaliTebiT gamyareba

1

8.daskvnebi 1

jami 9

diskusiis Sefasebis rubrika

konkretul moswavles TiToeuli kriteriumis gaswvriv eniWeba Se-sabamisi qula, jamdeba yvela kriteriumSi miRebuli qulebi da iyofa eqvsze (gamoiTvleba maTi saSualo ariTmetikuli).

III done (8-10 qula)

II done (5-7 qula) I done (1-4 qula)

mosmena yovelTvis us-mens da Tvaly-urs adevnebs orators

xSirad usmens da uyurebs or-ators

iSviaTad usmens da uyurebs or-ators

saubari mkafiod me-tyvelebs da uyurebs msme-nelebs

ZiriTadad metyveleba gasagebia da uyurebs msme-nelebs

metyveleba ar-amkafioa, msme-nelebs uWirT gageba

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araverbaluri komunikacia

SeuZlia efeqturad aRiqvas da gamoiyenos araverbaluri komunikaci-is formebi (TvaliT, Jest-ebiT, gamome-tyvelebiT, xmiT)

xSirad Seu-Zlia daamyaros araverbaluri kontaqti

iSviaTad iyenebs araverbalur komunikaciis formebs

monawileoba uCvenebs inter-ess diskusiis Temisadmi saW-iro komentare-biTa da azrebis gamoTqmiT

ZiriTadad ga-moxatavs inter-ess. komentar-ebi da azrebi yovelTvis araa Temis Sesatyvi-si

mcire intere-si aqvs. ar gamoxatavs an ver ukavSirebs Tavis mosazre-bebs sadiskusio Temas

kooperacia TanamSrom-lobs Tanak-laselebTan, aclis sxvebs azris gamoTqmas da icavs disku-siis wesebs

ZiriTadad TanamSrom-lobs Tanak-laselebTan, zogjer erTveba sxvis saubar-Si, ZiriTadad icavs diskusiis wesebs

iSviaTad Ta-namSromlobs da icavs diskusiis wesebs

mosazrebis ar-gumentireba

mosazreba originaluria da gamyarebu-lia faqtebiT, cnebebiT. aris logikuri kavSi-ri sakiTxTan

mosazrebis gasamyareblad gamoyenebulia sadavo faqtebi da cnebebi

mosazreba mok-lebulia logi-kur kavSirs sakiTxTan da ar aris gamyarebu-li faqtebiT

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referatis Sefasebis rubrika

mizani/Tezisi – kvlevis Zi-riTadi ideis Camoyalibeba

0-1 0 qula - kv-levis mizani ar aris gansaz-vruli / mar-Tebulad ar aris kvlevis mizani gansaz-Rvruli

_ 1 qula - Sesaval-Si, SerCeul Te-masTan mimarTe-baSi, mkafiodaa warmocenili is kiTxvebi, rom-lebzec aris re-feratSi pasuxi gacemuli

referatis organizeba (referatis struqtura- Sesavali, Zir-iTadi nawili, daskvnebi) da gamoyenebuli resursi, ris bazazec Seiqm-na referati

0-1 0 qula - araa gamokveTili resur-sebi, ris safuZvel-zec Sesrulda referati, naSroms ar aqvs struqtura, referats ar aqvs adeqvatu-ri bibliogra-fia

_ 1 qula - kar-gad Cans ra bazaze Seasru-la moswavlem referati; SemoTavazebuli bibliografia samecniero naSromebiTaa dakompleqtebu-li

Sinaarsis koreqtuloba, faqtobrivi saimedooba

0-2 0 qula - moZiebuli masala Zalian mwiria, ar ic-nobs pirvelad wyaroebs, meo-radi wyaroebic araa damuSave-buli.

1 qula - moZiebu-li masala Seicavs pirvelad da meorad wyaroebs, Tumca war-modgenili wyaroebi zedapiru-ladaa da-muSavebuli, anu moswavle mxolod naw-ilobrivad gaiazrebs masalas

2 qula - icnobs pirvelad da meorad wy-aroebs, moxmo-bili faqtebi sandoa,radgan marTebulad xdeba wyaros amokiTxva; pirveladi da meoradi wyaroe-bi saTanadodaa damuSavebuli, moswavle av-lens kritikuli damokidebule-bas wyarosadmi

enobrivi gamarTuloba

0-1 0 qula - ena gaumarTavia, azrebi araTan-mimdevruladaa gadmocemuli

_ 1 qula - ena na-Teli da gasage-bia,msjeloba Tanamimdevruli

44

kvleva (wy-aroebis urTierTSe-jerebisa da Sepirispire-bis safuZvel-ze sakuTari varaudebis SemuSaveba)

0-2 0 qula - moswav-les ar gaaCnia pozicia Temas-Tan mimarTe-baSi, misi referati orig-inaluri naS-romis STabe-Wdilebas ar tovebs; moswav-le ar avlens wyaroebis analizis un-ars, SeimCneva plagiatoba

1 qula - mos-wavle avlens wyaroebis analizis unars, Tum-ca uWirs wyaroebSi faqtebisa da varaudebis garCeva, Sesabamis-ad mis mier gamoTqmuli zogierTi varaudi safuZvels moklebulia

2 qula - moswav-le damajere-blad ganasx-vavebs faqtsa da varauds erTmaneTisa-gan, saTanadod amuSavebs pirve-lad da meorad wyaroebs, maTi gaanalizebis safuZvelze ga-moTqvams saTana-do varaudebs, Tanamim-devru-lad dala-geb-uli masalis safuZvelze axerxebs TavisT-vis saintereso kiTxvebze pasux-is gacemas

ilustracie-bi/TvalsaCi-noebebi

0-1 _ _ _

SeTavazebuli mosazrebis argumentebi-Ta da magali-TebiT gamya-reba

0-2 0 qula - ar aqvs sakuTari pozicia

1 qula - cdi-lobs Se-mogvTavazos sakuTari xedva sakiTx-Tan mimarTe-baSi, Tumca sakuTar poziciis dacva uWirs.

2 qula - avlens sagnis karg cod-nas, damuSave-buli ma-salis moSveliebiT kargad ayal-ibebs sakuTar pozicias da amyarebs mas ar-gumentebiT

msjelobs Tam-amad, angariSs uwevs, magram brmad ar endoba avtoritetebs.

daskvnebi 0-1 0 qula - refer-atSi mocemu-li daskvnebi araargumen-tirebuli da mcdaria

1 qula - ajamebs kvlevis Sede-gebs, kargad axerxebs amis mkiTxvelamde mitanas.

ja m

u r

i

qu

la

45

erovnul saswavlo gegmaSi mxolod sami rubrikis prezentacia, ra Tqma unda, ar niSnavs imas, rom pedagogi Sefasebis warmoebisas mxolod proeqtiT, diskusiiTa da referatiT unda Semoifarglos. nebismier zemoT CamoTvlil (da ara mxolod zemoT CamoTvlil) SemoqmedebiT produqtTan mimarTebaSi mas Tavadac SeuZlia rubrikebi Seqmnas, Tumca maTi Seqmnis procesSi gasaTvaliswinebelia, rom praqtikaSi ori tipis, holisturi da analitikuri rubrikebi gamoiyeneba:

holisturi rubrika naSroms mTlianobaSi amowmebs da erTian niSans iZleva. is Cveulebriv moswavlis namuSevars nakleb detalurad af-asebs, Tumca drosac naklebs moiTxovs.

analitikuri rubrika ki amowmebs specifiur niuansebs da TiToeul niuanss qulobrivad afasebs.

rubrikebis erTiani diazaini, ra Tqma unda, ar arsebobs, magram sa-survelia yvela maTganSi aqcenti iyos gakeTebuli Semdeg komponenteb-ze.

Sinaarsi _ gamoyenebuli informacia (faqtebi, detalebi, ganzoga-deba)

xarisxi _ ramdend kargad aris aq sxvadasxva tipis masala dajgufe-buli;

procesi _ ramdenad efeqturad warimarTa naSromze muSaobis pro-cesi (dedlaini, gamoyenebuli wyaroebi, drois menejmenti, jgufis in-teraqcia);

gavlena _ ramdenad axdens gavlenas es naSromi msmenelebze.

rogor unda warmarTos pedagogma konkretul SemoqmedebiT proeq-tze muSaobis procesi?

avTenturi Sefasebis adeqvatur proeqtze muSaoba sakmaod rTuli da Sromatevadi procesia. igi, rogorc Temis SerCevis, ise misi da-muSavebisa da prezentaciis procesSi pedagogisgan moswavlis regu-larul konsultirebas gulisxmobs. winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi moswavle daibneva da motivacias dakargavs.

SemoqmedebiTi davalebis warmoeba Semdeg etapebs moicavs:a) kvlevis obieqtis SerCeva;b) misi miznebis, amocanebisa da Sedegebis gawera; g)gansazRvra imisa, Tu romeli unarebis gamovlena dasWirdeba mos-

wavles proeqtze muSaobisas; d) gansazRvra imisa, Tu ra formiT iqneba warmodgenili saboloo

produqti;e) moswavlesTan erTad Sefasebis rubrikis Seqmna.proeqtze muSaoba ar aris erTjeradi procesi. masze muSaobisas

moswavleebi, ra Tqma unda, garkveul Secdomebs dauSveben, romlebis gamosworebazec kvlevis Semdeg fazaSi unda izrunon. Sesabamisad, erT proeqtze muSaobam SesaZloa mTeli samestri da erTi saswavlo welic gastanos.

daskvnis saxiT unda aRiniSnos, rom samoqalaqo ganaTlebis swav-lebis procesSi alternatiuli modelebis safuZvelze Sefasebis war-

46

moeba bevr sirTulesTan aris dakavSirebuli, Tumca, igi saswavlo procesis moswavleze orientirebulad warmarTvis karg SesaZleblobas iZleva. 2011–2016 wlebis erovnuli saswavlo gegmis implementacia mis gareSe SesaZloa mniSvnelovnad Seferxdes.

47

Tavi IV. aqtivobebi

winamdebare TavSi warmodgenilia 30 aqtivoba, romlebic pedagogebs saswavlo procesis moswavleze orientirebulad warmarTvaSi daexmareba. maTi nawili saerTaSoriso praqtikaSi aprobirebuli aqtivobebis qarTul sinamdvilesTan adaptirebul versias warmoadgens, nawili ki gzamkvlevis avtorebis pedagogiuri gamocdilebis safuZvelzea Seqmnili. warmodge-nili aqtivobebi 2011-2016 wlebis erovnuli saswavlo gegmis samoqalaqo ganaTlebis sagnobrivi programis yvela Temas, mimarTulebasa da Sedegs moicavs. Sesabamisad, maTi Tanmimdevruli gamoyeneba pedagogs saSuale-bas miscems erovnuli saswavlo gegmiT gaTvaliswinebuli yvela Tema in-teraqtiuli swavlebis principebis safuZvelze warmoadginos.

yvela aqtivobas, misi mimdinareobis detaluri aRwerilobis garda, axlavs Sesavali nawili da cxrili. maTi saSualebiT pedagogi TvalsaCi-nod SeZlebs TiToeuli maTganis erovnuli saswavlo gegmis moTxovnebTan dakavSirebas. daskvniT nawilSi ki gaanalizebulia, ra SesaZlo Sedegebis motana SeuZlia aq warmodgenil aqtivobebs.

* * * samoqalaqo ganaTlebis (iseve, rogorc nebismieri sxva sagnis) swav-

lebis procesSi, pirvel rigSi, saWiroa, moswavleebs mkafiod hqondeT gaazrebuli sagnis arsi da mniSvneloba. winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi maTi moti-vacia saTanado ar iqneba. es problema samoqalaqo ganaTlebis SemTxvevaSi gansakuTrebiT aqtualuria, radgan mis farglebSi dagegmili saswavlo aqtivobebi, rogorc wesi, maSinve ar aisaxeba moswavlis ganmsazRvrel Se-fasebaze. Sesabamisad, saswavlo procesis mimdinareobisas aucilebelia xSirad dasvaT kiTxvebi: ra saWiroa ama Tu im sakiTxis swavla? ras davkar-gavT, saxelmZRvaneloSi mocemul romelime Temas Tu gamovtovebT? ra Seicvleboda skolaSi, samoqalaqo ganaTleba rom ar iswavlebodes? da a.S.

garda aseTi, erTi SexedviT, martivi kiTxvebisa, moswavleebs Segi-ZliaT SesTavazoT aqtivobebi, romlebic maT samoqalaqo ganaTlebis sagnis grZelvadiani miznebis gaazrebaSi daexmareba. pirveli, meore da mesame aqtivoba swored amis SesaZleblobas iZleva.

aqtivoba 1

Tema samoqalaqo ganaTlebis raoba, miznebi da amo-canebi

Sedegi aqtivoba universaluria da praqtikulad stand-artis yvela Sedegze gadis

dro sami akademiuri saaTi

SeniSvna im SemTxvevaSi, Tu gakveTils yvela moswavle ar eswreba, aucilebelia TemasTan dabruneba

resursebi: furclebi da kalmistrebi

kavSiri sxva sagnebTan: sazogadoebrivi mecnierebebi

48

aqtivobis aRwera: saswavlo wlis dasawyisSi moswavleebs daavaleT werilobiT gascen

pasuxi Semdeg SekiTxvebs: a) Tqveni azriT, ra mizans isaxavs samoqalaqo ganaTlebis sagnis swav-

leba?

b) Tqveni azriT, ratom iswavleba samoqalaqo ganaTleba saqarTvelos sajaro skolebSi?

g) Tqveni azriT, raSi gamogadgebaT samoqalaqo ganaTlebis swavla?

d) CamoTvaleT xuTi savaraudo Tema, romlebzec, Tqveni azriT, samo-qalaqo ganaTlebis gakveTilebze wlis ganmavlobaSi iqneba msjelo-ba;

e) CamoTvaleT sami unari, romelTa gamovlenac, Tqveni azriT, aucile-belia samoqalaqo ganaTlebis kargad Sesaswavlad;

v) dasviT sami SekiTxva, romlebze pasuxsac samoqalaqo ganaTlebis sa-gnis farglebSi elodebiT.

savsebiT SesaZlebelia, zogierT moswavles yvela dasmul kiTxvaze pasuxi ar hqondes an misi pasuxebi mokle da aradamajerebeli gamodges. amas mniSvneloba ara aqvs. TiToeuli maTganisgan carieli furceli mainc CaibareT, romelzec moswavlis saxeli da gvari iqneba aRniSnuli. es naS-romebi ki moswavlis an maswavleblis portfolioSi SeinaxeT.

meore semestris dasawyisSi da saswavlo wlis bolos zustad igive davaleba mieciT moswavleebs, Semdeg ki maTTan erTad, individualur re-JimSi ganixileT TiToeuli moswavlis samive (pirveli semestris dasawy-isSi, meore semestris dasawyisSi da saswavlo wlis miwuruls Seqmnili) naSromi. ganxilvis procesSi xazi gausviT cvlilebebs, romlebic moswav-leTa pasuxebSi SeimCneva; miuTiTeT am cvlilebaTa mizezebi.

wlis bolos, Semajamebeli davalebis formatSi, moswavleebs daava-leT sakuTari sami naSromis safuZvelze daweron Tema, rogor icvlebo-da wlis ganmavlobaSi maTi damokidebuleba samoqalaqo ganaTlebasTan mimarTebaSi da ramdenad gaamarTla am saganma maTi molodinebi. am naS-romebis Sefasebis rubrika winaswar unda gqondeT Seqmnili. es rubrika, ra Tqma unda, moswavleebisTvisac unda iyos cnobili, imisaTvis, rom maT naTeli warmodgena hqondeT, ra SemTxvevaSi miiReben maRal niSans.

aqtivobis savaraudo Sedegebi: aqtivobis ganxorcieleba didad dagexmarebaT portfolios warmoe-

baSi, moswavleTa saboloo SefasebaSi da sakuTari Zlieri da susti mx-areebis gamovlenaSi; moswavleebs ki igi daexmareba wlis ganmavlobaSi gaweuli samuSaos kargad gaazrebaSi, rac maTi codnis gamTlianebas Seu-wyobs xels.

49

aqtivoba 2

Tema Teoriuli da praqtikuli unarebi

Sedegi aqtivoba universaluria da praqtikulad standartis

yvela Sedegze gadis

dro ori akademiuri saaTi

SeniSvna SesaZloa azrovnebis doneebad klasifikaciam moswav-leebze damTrgunvelad imoqmedos;

saWiroa iseTi Temis SerCeva, romelic blumis taqson-mias kargad ergeba;

blumis taqsonomias zogjer akritikeben imis gamo, rom maRali donis saazrovno unarebi masSi erTmaneTs gada-kveTs

resursebi: didi formatis furclebi, feradi markerebi da feradi webo-

vani qaRaldebi

kavSiri sxva sagnebTan: sazogadoebrivi mecnierebebi

aqtivobis aRwera: SesTavazeT moswavleebs mini-leqcia Temaze: „ra aris blumis taq-

sonomia?“

mini-leqcia:terminSi `blumis taqsonomia~ − pirveli sityva (blumi) amerike-

li fsiqologis benjamen blumis gvars aRniSnavs, romlis saxelsac am sqemis Seqmna ukavSirdeba, meore sityva ki (taqsonomia) raimes klas-ificirebas niSnavs. termini taqsonomia TqvenTvis ukve cnobilia bi-ologiidan, sadac igi cocxali arsebebis sxvadasxva niSniT dajgufe-bas gulisxmobs.

blumis taqsonomia azrovnebis doneebad dayofas cdilobs. aR-niSnuli dayofis mixedviT sxvadasxva informacias adamiani sxvadasx-va doneze iazrebs. benjamen blumi azrovnebis eqvs dones gamoyofs: 1) codna; 2) gageba; 3) gamoyeneba; 4) analizi; 5) sinTezi; 6) Sefaseba. maTgan pirveli sami (codna, gageba, gamoyeneba) azrovnebis qveda doneSi moi-azreba; meoTxe, mexuTe da meeqvse ki − zeda doneSi (ix. sqema №1).

50

sqema №1

sinTezi

analizi

gamoyeneba

gageba

codna

Sefaseba

mini-leqciis arsi moswavleebisTvis ufro naTeli rom gaxdes, iqve auxseniT maT, raSi dagWirdaT blumis taqsonomiaze msjeloba. xaz-gasmiT aRniSneT, rom gakveTilze maT mier SeTvisebuli informacia aucileblad azrovnebis romelime safexurs Seesabameba.

davaleba:mini-leqciis Semdeg moswavleebs mieciT davaleba: konkretuli ga-

kveTilis TemasTan kavSirSi gansazRvron, ra SeiZleba iyos azrovnebis sxvadasxva doneze gasvlis indikatori.

magaliTad, adamianis uflebaTa sayovelTao deklaraciis swavlebisas moswavleebs dausviT kiTxvebi: azrovnebis romel dones SeiZleba Seesa-bamebodes adamianis uflebaTa deklaraciis Temis Seswavlisas damuSave-buli informacia; ra SemTxvevaSi iqneba gakveTilze maT mier naswavli da gaazrebuli masala „codna“, blumis taqsonomiis mixedviT; ra SemTxveva-Si – „gageba“; ra SemTxvevaSi – „gamoyeneba“; ra SemTxvevaSi – „analizi“; ra SemTxvevaSi –„sinTezi“; ra SemTxvevaSi – „Sefaseba“?

am kiTxvebze moswavleebma SesaZloa Semdegi pasuxebi gascen: codna – masalis codnasTan gveqneba saqme, Tu ubralod gvecodineba,

ra aris adamianis uflebaTa deklaracia da ra weria mis zogierT muxlSi;gageba – masalis gagebasTan gveqneba saqme, Tu gavigebT, ratom arse-

bobs es dokumenti da ratom aris masSi esa Tu is muxli Setanili;gamoyeneba – masalis gamoyenebasTan gveqneba saqme, Tu adamianis ufle-

baTa deklaraciis calkeul muxlebs aqtiurad gamoviyenebT cxovrebi-seul situaciebSi;

51

analizi – masalis analizTan gveqneba saqme, Tuki SevZlebT vimsjeloT, ramdenad samarTliani an arasamarTliania adamianis uflebaTa sayovel-Tao deklaraciis calkeuli muxlebi; ramdenad gvmarTebs an ar gvmarTebs maTi Sesruleba;

sinTezi – masalis sinTezTan gveqneba saqme, Tu SevZlebT adamianis uflebaTa sayovelTao deklaraciis teqstis sxva normatiul dokumen-tebTan Sedarebas da socialur-politikur cxovrebaSi mis rolze msj-elobas;

Sefaseba – SefasebasTan gveqneba saqme, Tu SevZlebT vimsjeloT, ramde-nad srulyofili dokumentia adamianis uflebaTa sayovelTao deklara-cia; ramdenad mkafiod aris masSi gansazRvruli arsebiTi sakiTxebi da ramdenad efeqturi instrumenti SeiZleba iyos igi preambulaSi dasaxu-li miznebis misaRwevad.

aqtivobis savaraudo Sedegebi: Tuki aqtivobas warmatebiT ganaxorcielebT da moswavleebs praqti-

kuli magaliTebis safuZvelze mkafiod daanaxebT blumis taqsonomiis sxvadasxva safexurs Soris arsebul gansxvavebebs, Zalan gagiadvildebaT grZelvadian saswavlo Sedegebze muSaoba. moswavleebisTvis naTeli iqne-ba, ra moeTxovebaT. isini advilad gaacnobiereben, rom maTi mizani ar aris saxelmZRvaneloSi mocemuli informaciis ubralo damaxsovreba, rac erovnuli saswavlo gegmis Sedegebis daZlevis TvalsazrisiT gadadgmu-li umniSvnelovanesi nabiji iqneba.

aqtivoba 3

Tema swavla swavlebis principebis gaazreba

Sedegi aqtivoba universaluria da praqtikulad standartis

yvela Sedegze gadis

dro erTi akademiuri saaTi

SeniSvna

resursebi: erovnuli saswavlo gegmis samoqalaqo ganaTlebis sagnobrivi

programis amobeWdili versiebi, furclebi da kalmistrebi

kavSiri sxva sagnebTan: praqtikulad yvela saganTan

aqtivobis aRwera: SesTavazeT moswavleebs mini-leqcia Temaze: „ra aris erovnuli sas-

wavlo gegma?“ mini-leqcia: erovnuli saswavlo gegma aris sakanonmdeblo dokumenti, romel-

ic gansazRvravs, Tu ra da rogor unda iswavlebodes skolebSi. zogadi nawilis garda, igi konkretuli sagnebis sagnobriv programebsac Sei-cavs. saswavlo wlis miwuruls yvela pedagogi da moswavle valdebu-

52

lia, sagnobrivi programebis standartiT gansazRvrul Sedegebze ga-diodes.

arsebobs samoqalaqo ganaTlebis sagnobrivi programac, romelic mimarTulebebis, Sedegebisa da indikatorebisgan Sedgeba.

mimarTuleba codnis im sferoebs gansazRvravs, romelic arsebi-Tia ama Tu im sagnis Sesaswavlad;

Sedegi − aris is, rac unda SeeZlos moswavles saimisod, rom ama Tu im mimarTulebiT gansazRvrul codnis sferos flobdes;

indikatori ki imis Sesamowmebeli meqanizmia, ramdenad akmayo-filebs moswavle standartis ama Tu im Sedegis moTxovnas.

TvalsaCinoebisTvis moswavleebs daurigeT erovnuli saswavlo gegmis samoqalaqo ganaTlebis sagnobrivi programis amobeWdili ver-sia (sqema №2) da auxseniT, rom erovnuli saswavlo gegmis samoqalaqo ganaTlebis sagnobrivi programis Sedegebi orientirebulia ara imis Semowmebaze, Tu ra icis moswavlem, aramed, imaze, ra SeuZlia mas.

mini-leqciis Semdeg (an misi msvlelobisas) moswavleebs (an im moswav-leebs, romlebic mzad arian gakveTilis mosayolad) daurigeT erovnu-li saswavlo gegmis samoqalaqo ganaTlebis sagnobrivi programis sru-li versia (igi SegiZliaT ixiloT saitze http://www.mes.gov.ge/content.php?id=3923&lang=geo). amis Semdeg mieciT maT davaleba − kalmiT Semoxa-zon is mimarTulebebi, Sedegebi da indikatorebi, romlebze muSaobac konkretuli gakveTilis swavlis dros dasWirdaT an moyolis procesSi dasWirdebodaT. davalebis warmatebiT Sesrulebis SemTxvevaSi ki maT maRali niSani dauwereT, raTa samomavlod isev moundeT msgavsi aqtivo-bis ganxorcieleba.

aqtivobis savaraudo Sedegebi:saswavlo procesSi zemoT aRwerili aqtivobis warmatebiT danerg-

va saSualebas mogcemT samoqalaqo ganaTlebis swavlebisas erovnuli saswavlo gegma aqtiurad gamoiyenoT. es ki, ra Tqma unda, didad gagiad-vilebT wlis bolos erovnuli saswavlo gegmiT gansazRvruli Sedegebis daZlevas. amasTan, moswavleebs ufro efeqturad gaagebinebT, rogoria Tqveni grZelvadiani saswavlo miznebi; romeli unar-Cvevebis gamovlena marTebT maT samoqalaqo ganaTlebis gakveTilebze; ratom aqvs didi mniS-vneloba proeqtul swavlebas, portfolios warmoebas da a.S.

am aqtivobis praqtikaSi aqtiurad (da ara erTjeradad) gamoyeneba drois dazogvis saSualebasac mogcemT. igi SegiZliaT ganmsazRvreli Sefasebis erT-erT saSualebadac aqcioT da saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi dro ar dakargoT gakveTilis tradiciul gamokiTxvaze, romelic samoqalaqo ganaTlebis swavlebisas maincdamainc efeqtur Sedegebs ar iZleva.

53

sqema №2 IX klasi

samoqalaqo ganaTlebastandarti

wlis bolos misaRwevi Sedegebi mimarTulebebis mixedviT:

pirovnuli ganvi-Tareba

mdgradi ganviTareba TviTmmarTveloba da mmarTveloba

samoq.IX.1. mos-wavles SeuZlia gaaanalizos saku-Tari pirovnuli Tvisebebi, mis-wrafebebi da Sesa-Zleblobebi.

samoq.IX.2. moswav-les SeuZlia gan-sazRvros sakuTari adgili da mniSvn-eloba sazogadoe-baSi.

samoq.IX.3. mos-wavles SeuZlia gaaanalizos profesional-izmis mniSvneloba pirovnebis ganvi-TarebisaTvis.

samoq.IX.4. moswav-les SeuZlia Sead-ginos sakuTari momavali saqmiano-bis gegma.

samoq.IX.5. moswavles Seu-Zlia sazogadoebisaTvis pirovnebis mniSvnelobis gaazrebiT misdios cxovre-bis jansaR wess.

samoq. IX 6. moswavles Seu-Zlia TanamSromloba sazo-gadoebrivi usafrTxoebis ZiriTadi problemebis gada-saWrelad.

samoq.IX.7. moswavles Seu-Zlia erTmaneTTan daaka-vSiros saqarTvelos mravalferovnebis ZiriTadi maxasiaTeblebi.

samoq.IX.8. moswavles SeuZlia sazogadoebaSi mSvidobiani Tanaarsebobis safuZvlebisa da pirobebis kvleva.

samoq.IX.9. mos-wavles SeuZlia gaaanalizos saqa-rTvelos moqalaq-is konstituciuri uflebebi da Tav-isuflebebi, mova-leobebi da pasux-ismgeblobebi.

samoq.IX.10. mos-wavles SeuZlia gaaanalizos saqa-rTvelos saxelm-wifo- mmarTvelo-biTi sistema.

samoq.IX.11. mos-wavles SeuZlia skolis TviTmmarT-velobis demokra-tiul procesSi nayofieri monaw-ileoba.

54

X klasisamoqalaqo ganaTleba

standartiwlis bolos misaRwevi Sedegebi mimarTulebebis mixedviT:

pirovnuli ganviTareba

mdgradi ganviTareba

TviTmmarTveloba da mmarTveloba

samoq.X.1. moswavles SeuZlia TviTdam-kvidreba sazogadoe-baSi.

samoq.X.2. moswavles SeuZlia gaaanalizos adamianuri Rirsebis arsi.

moq.X.3. moswavles Seu-Zlia daakavSiros Ta-visufali pirovnebisa da aqtiuri moqalaqis Tvisebebi.

samoq.X.4. moswavles SeuZlia kritikulad Seafasos sakuTari momavali saqmianobis gegma.

samoq.X.5. moswavles SeuZlia gaazrebu-li monawileoba da TanamSromloba so-cialuri problemebis gadawyvetaSi.

samoq.X.6. moswavles SeuZlia gaaanalizos mravalferovan sazo-gadoebaSi samarTliani urTierTobis uzrun-velyofis saSualebebi.

samoq.X.7. moswavles SeuZlia samoqalaqo sazogadoebis ZiriTa-di safuZvlebis kvle-va.

samoq. X 8. moswavles SeuZlia saqarTvelos mdgradi ganviTare-bis SesaZleblobebis kvleva.

samoq. X 9. moswavles SeuZlia gaaanalizos saqarTvelos saxel-mwifo mmarTvelobis sistemis ganviTarebis procesi.

samoq.X.10. moswavles SeuZlia saqarTvelos moqalaqis sazoga-doebriv-politikur cxovrebaSi aqtiuri monawileobis Sesa-Zleblobebis kvleva da gamoyeneba.

samoq.X.11. moswavles SeuZlia gaaanalizos moqalaqeebis roli qveynis demokratiul procesebSi.

* * * adamianis uflebebi da Tavisuflebebi samoqalaqo ganaTlebis sa-

gnobriv programaSi erT-erTi umTavresi Temaa. masze msjelobas ped-agogebi xSirad wlis daswyisSi, pirveli gakveTilebidanve iwyeben. Sesabamisad, misi swavlebis interaqtiulad, moswavleze orientireb-ulad warmarTvas gadamwyveti mniSvneloba aqvs. adamianis uflebebisa da Tavisuflebebis swavlebisas, erTi mxriv, saWiroa, moswavle samoqa-laqo ganaTlebis TvalsazrisiT umniSvnelovanes samarTlebriv doku-menteze apelirebiT sakuTari Sexedulebebis Camoyalibebas SeeCvios, moere mxriv ki, Teoriulad warmodgenili uflebebisa da Tavisufle-bebis praqtikul safuZvelze gaazreba SeZlos. qvemoT warmodgenili meoTxe–mecamete aqtivobebi swored amaSi dagexmarebaT.

55

aqtivoba 4

Tema adamianis uflebebi da Tavisuflebebi

Sedegi moq.IX.11. moswavles SeuZlia skolis TviTmmarTvelo-bis demokratiul procesSi nayofieri monawileoba.

moq.X.3. moswavles SeuZlia daakavSiros Tavisufali pirovnebisa da aqtiuri moqalaqis Tvisebebi.

moq.X.6. moswavles SeuZlia gaanalizos mravalferovan

sazogadoebaSi samarTliani urTierTobis uzrunve-

lyofis saSualebebi.

dro erTi saaTi

SeniSvna aqtivobis ganxorcielebisTvis xelSemwyobi iqneba is garemoeba, rom samoqalaqo ganaTlebas, xSirad, isto-riis maswavleblebi aswavlian, romlebsac moswavlee-bisTvis, istoriul wyaroebTan mimarTebaSi, msgavsi davaleba araerTxel miuciaT

resursebi: adamianis uflebaTa sayovelTao deklaraciis preambulis

amobeWdili versia, furclebi, kalmistrebi

kavSiri sxva sagnebTan: istoria

aqtivobis aRwera: X-IX klasebSi, rodesac saqarTvelos skolebSi samoqalaqo ganaTleba

damoukidebeli sagnis saxiT iswavleba, moswavleebisTvis ukve kargadaa cnobili istoriul wyaroebze muSaobis xerxebi; istoriis gakveTilebze maT araerTxel aqvT garCeuli sxvadasxva xasiaTis werilobiTi istori-uli dokumentebi. Sesabamisad, kargi iqneba, maTi es unari samoqalaqo ga-naTlebis swavlebis procesSic gamoiyenoT.

mieciT moswavleebs davaleba − gaecnon adamianis uflebaTa sayovel-Tao deklaraciis preambulas; Semdeg ki pasuxi gascen kiTxvebs, romlebic imis gansazRvraze iqneba orientirebuli, rogor gaiges maT dokumentis teqsti. savarjiSos SesaZloa aseTi saxe hqondes:

adamianis uflebaTa sayovelTao deklaraciapreambula

vinaidan adamianTa ojaxis yvela wevrisaTvis damaxasiaTebeli Rirse-bis da Tanaswori da ganuyofeli uflebebis aRiareba warmoadgens Tavisuflebis, samarTlianobisa da sayovelTao mSvidobis safuZvels; da vinaidan adamianis uflebaTa ugulebelyofam da abuCad agdebam ga-moiwvia barbarosuli aqtebi, rac aRaSfoTebs kacobriobis sindiss, da rom iseTi msoflios Seqmna, romelSic adamianebs eqnebaT sityvisa da rwmenis Tavisufleba da romelSic isini icxovreben SiSisa da gaWir-vebis gareSe, gamocxadebulia, rogorc adamianTa maRali miswrafeba; da vinaidan aucilebelia uflebebs icavdes kanonis Zala imis uzrun-

56

velsayofad, raTa adamiani iZulebuli ar gaxdes mimarTos ajanyebas, rogorc ukanasknel saSualebas tiraniisa da Cagvris winaaRmdeg, da vinaidan aucilebelia xelis Sewyoba xalxTa Soris megobrul urTier-TobaTa ganviTarebisaTvis; da vinaidan gaerTianebuli erebis xalxeb-ma wesdebaSi daadastures TavianTi rwmena adamianis ZiriTadi ufle-bebisadmi, adamianis pirovnebis Rirsebisa da Rirebulebis da kacebisa da qalebis Tanasworuflebianobisadmi da gadawyvites xeli Seuwyon socialur progressa da cxovrebis ukeTes dones meti Tavisuflebis pirobebSi; da vinaidan wevrma saxelmwifoebma ikisres valdebuleba gaerTianebuli erebis organizaciasTan TanamSromlobaSi xeli Seu-wyon adamianis uflebaTa da ZiriTad TavisuflebaTa sayovelTao pa-tiviscemasa da dacvas; da vinaidan aseT uflebaTa da TavisuflebaTa sayovelTao gagebas udidesi mniSvneloba aqvs am valdebulebis mTli-anad SesrulebisaTvis, generaluri asamblea acxadebs adamianis ufle-baTa am sayovelTao deklaracias iseT amocanad, romlis Sesrulebas unda eltvodes yvela xalxi da yvela saxelmwifo, raTa yoveli ada-miani da sazogadoebis yoveli organo, niadag gaiTvaliswinebs ra am deklaracias, miiswrafodes swavla-ganaTlebis meSveobiT xeli Seu-wyos am uflebaTa da TavisuflebaTa pativiscemas da maTi sayovelTao da efeqtiani aRiareba-ganxorcielebis uzrunvelyofas nacionaluri Tu saerTaSoriso progresuli RonisZiebebiT − rogorc organizaciis wevr saxelmwifoTa xalxebSi, aseve am saxelmwifoebis iurisdiqci-isadmi daqvemdebarebul teritoriaTa xalxebSi.

dokumentis safuZvelze upasuxeT Semdeg SekiTxvebs:

a) ra mizezebma ganapiroba adamianis uflebaTa sayovelTao deklaraci-is Seqmna? (3 qula)

b) ra miznebs isaxavs adamianis uflebaTa sayovelTao deklaracia? (3 qula)

g) romeli saerTaSoriso organizaciaa moxseniebuli adamianis ufle-baTa sayovelTao deklaraciis teqstSi? (1 qula)

d) Tqveni azriT, rodis aris dawerili aRniSnuli dokumenti? pasuxi daasabuTeT. (3 qula)

aqtivobis savaraudo Sedegebi:msgavsi tipis aqtivobebis ganxorcieleba saSualebas mogcemT moswav-

leebs ufro naTlad daanaxoT kavSiri istoriasa da samoqalaqo ganaTle-bas Soris; misceT maT istoriis swavlisas SeZenili unarebiT Tavis gamo-Cenis SesaZlebloba.

57

aqtivoba 5

Tema adamianis uflebebi da Tavisuflebebi

Sedegi moq.IX.11. moswavles SeuZlia skolis TviTmmarTvelo-bis demokratiul procesSi nayofieri monawileoba.

moq.X.3. moswavles SeuZlia daakavSiros Tavisufali pirovnebisa da aqtiuri moqalaqis Tvisebebi.

moq.X.6. moswavles SeuZlia gaanalizos mravalferovan

sazogadoebaSi samarTliani urTierTobis uzrunve-

lyofis saSualebebi

dro ori akademiuri saaTi

SeniSvna

resursebi: didi zomis furclebi, A4 zomis furclebi, markerebi da

kalmistrebi, adamianis uflebaTa sayovelTao deklaraciis

tabula, webovani lenti an Wikartebi

kavSiri sxva sagnebTan:

aqtivobis aRwera: dayaviT moswavleebi 3-4 wevrian jgufebad. jgufebis raodenoba

damokidebuli iqneba moswavleTa saerTo raodenobaze. TiToeul jgufs daurigeT furclebi, feradi fanqrebi an markerebi.

TiToeul jgufs gadaeciT baraTze dawerili adamianis uflebaTa sayovelTao deklaraciis erT-erTi muxli, romelSic adamianis rome-lime fundamentur uflebazea saubari (adamianis uflebaTa sayovelTao deklaraciis qarTuli Targmani ix. http://www.lexilogos.com/declaration/georgien.htm). mieciT jgufis wevrebs davaleba: daxaton suraTi, romelic adamianis am fundamentur uflebas ganasaxierebs; Semdeg ki sxva jgufis wevrebi Seecdebian gamoicnon, adamianis uflebaTa deklaraciis romel muxlzea saubari. sasurvelia TiToeul jgufs or an sam aseT davalebaze mouwios muSaoba.

aqtivobis daskvniT fazaSi maswavlebeli moswavleebTan erTad af-asebs warmodgenili naxatebis Zlier da sust mxareebs.

aqtivobis savaraudo Sedegebi: aqtivobis ganxorcielebis SemTxvevaSi saSualeba geqnebaT moswav-

leebs TamaSis formiT miawodoT informacia samoqalaqo ganaTlebis TvalsazrisiT umniSvnelovanesi dokumentis Sinaarsze. aucilebe-li ar aris, rom es aqtivoba mxolod adamianis uflebaTa sayovelTao deklaraciis swavlebisas gamoiyenoT. SegiZliaT igive formatSi mos-wavleebs TavisuflebaTa didi qartiis, bavSvTa uflebebis konvenciis, saqarTvelos konstituciisa da sxva dokumentebis Sesaxebac miawodoT informacia.

58

aqtivoba 6

Tema samoqalaqo monawileoba

Sedegi moq.IX.1. moswavles SeuZlia gaanalizos saku-Tari pirovnuli Tvisebebi, miswrafebebi da Sesa-Zleblobebi.

moq.IX.2. moswavles SeuZlia gansazRvros sakuTari adgili da mniSvneloba sazogadoebaSi.

moq. IX 6. moswavles SeuZlia sazogadoebrivi usa-frTxoebis ZiriTadi problemebis gadasaWrelad TanamSromloba

dro erTi gakveTili

SeniSvna maswavlebelma ise unda miawodos standartuli

Teoriebi moswavles, rom mas ar daekargos inter-

pretaciis survili da unari da ar moeqces CarCoeb-

Si praqtikuli aqtivobebis dros

resursebi: furclebi da kalmistrebi

kavSiri sxva sagnebTan: sazogadoebrivi mecnierebebi

aqtivobis aRwera:SesTavazeT moswavleebs mini-leqcia Temaze: „maslous piramida“.

mini-leqcia:maslous piramida aris koncefcia, romlis farglebSic fsiqolo-

giaSi adamianis moTxovnilebaTa ierarqia ganisazRvreba. igi 1942 wels amerikelma fsiqologma abraam masloum SeimuSava. maslous moTx-ovnilebaTa ierarqias piramidis saxe aqvs (sqema №3), sadac ZiriTadi moTxovnilebebi piramidis ZirSia moqceuli. pirvel or moTxovnilebas maslou pirvelad moTxovnilebebs uwodebs, xolo mesame da Semdgomi moTxovnilebebi SeZenili xisiaTisaa. adamians ufro maRali moTxov-nileba maSin uCndeba, rodesac masze dabali safexuris moTxovnileba met-naklebad dakmayofilebulia.

masloum gamoyo moTxovnilebaTa 5 klasi: a) fiziologiuri;b) usafrTxoebis;g) socialuri (megobroba, TanamSromloba, siyvaruli, mikuTvnebu-

loba);d) dafasebis;e) TviTrealizaciis.

59

sqema №3

TviTga-moxatvis

moTxovnilebaTviT ganviTarebada realizacia

pativiscemis moTxovnilebadafaseba, yuradReba, statusi

socialuri moTxovnilebasiyvaruli, siTbo, urTierToba

usafrTxoebis moTxovnilebadaculoba, usafrTxoeba

fiziologiuri moTxovnilebaSimSili, wyurvili

mini-leqciis msvlelobisas warmoudgineT moswavleebs maslous pira-mida TvalsaCinoebis saxiT (sqema №3).

mini-leqciis Semdeg „gonebrivi ieriSis“ meTodis gamoyenebiT moswav-leebs mieciT davaleba, CamoTvalon adamianis fundamenturi uflebebi, Semdeg ki isini maslous piramidis sxvadasxva safexurebs Seusatyvison. kargi iqneba, Tu am davalebas moswavleebi saklaso an saSinao davalebis formatSi, werilobiT Seasruleben.

aqtivobis daskvniT nawilSi moswavleebs SesTavazeT diskusia imis Sesax-eb, ramdenad adekvaturia maslous piramida; warmoadgens Tu ara sinamdvile-Si aq warmodgenili TiToeuli safexuri momdevno safexuris safuZvels.

aqtivobis savaraudo Sedegebi:aqtivobis ganxorcielebis Sedegad moswavleebi SeZleben, adamianis

uflebebisa da Tavisuflebebis Tema cxovrebiseul realobasTan kavSir-Si gaiazron.

aqtivoba №7

Tema adamianis uflebebi da Tavisuflebebi

Sedegi moq.IX.9. moswavles SeuZlia gaanalizos saqarTvelos moqalaqis konstituciuri uflebebi da Tavisuflebebi, movaleobebi da pasuxismgeblobebi

moq.X.2. moswavles SeuZlia gaanalizos adamianuri Rirsebis arsi

moq.X.7. moswavles SeuZlia samoqalaqo sazogadoebis ZiriTadi safuZvlebis kvleva

dro ori gakveTili

SeniSvna es konkretuli aqtivoba sesaZlebelia yvela sxva TemisTvis

iyos gamoyenebuli

resursebi: daf,a markeri

kavSiri sxva sagnebTan: sazogadoebrivi mecnierebebi

60

aqtivobis aRwera:dawereT dafaze sityvebi: „adamiani“ da „uflebebi“. gonebrivi ieriSis

meTodiT gamohkiTxeT moswavleebs, ra Tvisebebi unda axasiaTebdes Rir-seul adamians. miRebuli pasuxebi wreSi CawereT. amis Semdeg moswavleebs sTxoveT gamoTqvan TavianTi azri imis Taobaze, ra aris saWiro am Tvise-bebis gansaviTareblad. miRebuli pasuxebi amjerad wris gareT moaT-avseT.

gonebrivi ieriSis dasrulebis Semdeg dausviT moswavleebs analiti-kuri kiTxvebi:

a) ra gansxvavebaa sicocxlesa da arsebobas Soris?b) ra sWirdeba adamians Rirseuli cxovrebisTvis? auxseniT moswavleebs, rom is, rac wreSi weria, adamianis RirsebaTa

CamonaTvalia, wris gareT ki imis CamonaTvalia, rac saWiroa Rirseulad cxovrebisTvis; adamianis uflebebi swored am saWiroebebs efuZneba.

aqtivobis meore fazaSi klass daavaleT ipovon adamianis uflebaTa sayovelTao deklaraciaSi is muxlebi, romlebic dafaze Camoweril saW-iroebebs Seesatyviseba.

aqtivobis savaraudo Sedegebi: aqtivoba moswavleebs daexmareba adamianis uflebaTa arsis, adamianis

uflebebsa da saWiroebebs Soris arsebuli kavSirebis gaazrebaSi.

aqtivoba №8

Tema adamianis uflebebi da Tavisuflebebi

Sedegi moq.IX.1. moswavles SeuZlia gaanalizos sakuTari pirovnuli Tvisebebi, miswrafebebi da SesaZleblobebi.

moq.IX.5. moswavles SeuZlia pirovnebisa da sazogadoebisaT-vis mniSvnelobis gaazrebiT misdios cxovrebis jansaRi wess.

moq. IX 6. moswavles SeuZlia sazogadoebrivi usafrTxoebis ZiriTadi problemebis gadasaWrelad TanamSromloba.

moq.X.5. moswavles SeuZlia gaazrebuli monawileoba da Ta-namSromloba socialuri problemebis gadawyvetaSi

dro erTi gakveTili

SeniSvna aucileblad unda aRiniSnos, rom zemoT moyvanili Sedegebi

erTmniSvnelovani ar aris da SesaZlebelia aqtivoba sxva Se-

degebzec gadiodes

resursebi: furclebi, kalmistrebi, fanqrebi, dafa, carci

kavSiri sxva sagnebTan: sazogadoebrivi mecnierebebi

61

aqtivobis aRwera:dayaviT moswavleebi mcire jgufebad. TiToeul jgufs sTxoveT

daamzadon 10-15 baraTi, romlebzec dawerili an daxatuli iqneba, ra sWirdeba, maTi azriT, bavSvs saimisod, bednieri da janmrTeli rom iyos. amis Semdeg dafaze CamowereT Semdegi kategoriebi:

a) sicocxlisTvis aucilebeli sagnebi (magaliTad, saWmeli, janmrTe-lobaze zrunva, TavSesafari);

b) sagnebi, romlebic ufro sasurvelia, vidre saWiro (magaliTad, sa-TamaSoebi, ganaTlebis an xmis micemis ufleba);

g) sagnebi, romlebic arc erT zemoT gamoyofil kategorias ar mie-kuTvneba.

daavaleT jgufebs gaerTiandnen da TavianTi baraTebi erTmaneTs Seadaron, Semdeg ki TiToeul maTgans kategoriis mixedviT miuCinon adgili.

aqtivobis momdevno fazaSi diskusiis reJimSi ganixileT Semdegi sakiTxebi:

a) advilia Tu ara survilebisa da saWiroebebis gamijvna?

b) ra xdeba maSin, roca adamianis survilebi ar aris dakmayofilebuli?

g) ra mosdis adamians, rodesac ar xdeba misi saWiroebebis dakmayo-fileba?

d) ra xdeba sazogadoebaSi, sadac adamianTa umravlesobis sabazo saW-iroebebi ar aris dakmayofilebuli?

e) arseboben Tu ara adamianebi, romlebic xSirad ver aRweven TavianTi saWiroebebis dakmayofilebas?

v) SeiZleba zogierTi adamiani kmayofili iyos, Tu mis garSemo sxvebi ZiriTad sabazo saWiroebebs ver ikmayofileben?

z) ra unda gakeTdes adamianis ZiriTadi saWiroebebis dasakmayofileb-lad?

T) visi valdebulebaa maTi dakmayofileba?

i) Tqven ras gaakeTebdiT Tqven irgvliv myofTa dasaxmareblad, am mimarTulebiT?

k) ramdenad axdens gavlenas survilebze iseTi kategoriebi, rogori-caa: asaki, sqesi (genderi), klasi, kultura, eTnikuroba?

aqtivobis daskvniT nawilSi ki dasviT sakiTxi: ra mimarTebaSia ze-moT CamoTvlili adamianis moTxovnebi adamianis uflebaTa saerTaSor-iso deklaraciasTan. daavaleT moswavleebs ipovon adamianis uflebaTa sayovelTao deklaraciaSi is muxlebi, romlebic dafaze Camoweril saW-iroebebs Seesabameba.

aqtivobis savaraudo Sedegebi:aqtivoba moswavleebs daexmareba adamianis uflebaTa arsis, adamianis

uflebebsa da saWiroebebs Soris arsebuli kavSirebis gaazrebaSi.

62

aqtivoba №9

Tema media

Sedegi moq.IX.2. moswavles SeuZlia gansazRvros sakuTari adgili da mniSvneloba sazogadoebaSi

moq. IX 6. moswavles SeuZlia sazogadoebrivi usafrTxoebis ZiriTadi problemebis gadasaWrelad TanamSromloba.

moq.X.3. moswavles SeuZlia daakavSiros Tavisufali pirovnebisa da aqtiuri moqalaqis Tvisebebi

dro erTi saaTi

SeniSvna teqsti unda iyos asakisTvis Sesaferisi. teqstma ar unda ga-

moiwvios fsiqologiuri stresi, amdenad, sasurvelia, mas-

wavlebeli moeridos Zalian mZime teqstebis gamoyenebas aq-

tivobisTvis

resursebi: flipCartis qaRaldi, markeri, Tabaxis furclebi, Wikartebi

kavSiri sxva sagnebTan: sazogadoebrivi mecnierebebi

aqtivobis aRwera:dayaviT moswavleebi 3-4 wevrian jgufebad. daurigeT jgufebs Jur-

nalebi an gazeTebi (sasurvelia politikuri profilis). mieciT davaleba: 15-20 wuTis ganmavlobaSi ipovon maTSi Semdegi kategoriebis Sesatyvisi magaliTebi:

a) adamianis uflebebi daculia;b) adamianis uflebebi darRveulia an ugulebelyofilia.davalebis Sesrulebis Semdeg jgufis liderebs sTxoveT warmoadgi-

non TavianTi jgufebis mignebebi. maTi prezentacia klasSi, savaraudod, diskusias gamoiwvevs, rac imis indikatorad SegviZlia CavTvaloT, rom aqtivoba warmatebiT ganxorcielda.

aqtivobis savaraudo Sedegebi:aqtivoba moswavles yoveldRiur cxovrebaSi adamianis uflebaTa

darRvevis faqtebis amocnobis unars ganuviTarebs. es mas gakveTilze miRebuli informaciis aqtiur codnad gardaqmnaSi daexmareba.

63

aqtivoba №10

Tema pirovneba

Sedegi moq.IX.1. moswavles SeuZlia gaanalizos sakuTari pirovnuli Tvisebebi, miswrafebebi da SesaZleblobebi.

moq.IX.2. moswavles SeuZlia gansazRvros sakuTari adg-ili da mniSvneloba sazogadoebaSi.

moq.IX.3. moswavles SeuZlia gaanalizos profesional-izmis mniSvneloba pirovnebis ganviTarebisaTvis.

moq.IX.4. moswavles SeuZlia Seadginos sakuTari moma-vali saqmianobis gegma

moq.X.4. moswavles SeuZlia kritikulad Seafasos saku-Tari momavali saqmianobis gegma

dro ori gakveTili

SeniSvna

resursebi: feradi furclebi da feradi fanqrebi

kavSiri sxva sagnebTan:

aqtivobis aRwera:daurigeT klasis TiToeul moswavles gansxvavebuli feris ori (mag-

aliTad, wiTeli da mwvane) furceli. sTxoveT moswavleebs wiTel furcel-ze daweron sakuTari vinaoba, mwvaneze ki − ra ician da ra SeuZliaT.

wiTeli furceli mwvane furcelime var me SemiZlia/vici moswavle xatva

davalebis SesrulebisTvis moswavleebs 5-7 wuTi eZlevaT. auxseniT maT, rom aucilebeli ar aris CamonaTvali Zalian vrceli iyos.

aqtivobis Semdeg fazaSi sTxoveT moswavleebs, daajgufon mwvane furcelze miRebuli CamonaTvali ierarqiulad, imis mixedviT, romeli maTgani TamaSobs ufro mniSvnelovan rols maTi identobis formirebaSi.

aqtivobis savaraudo Sedegebi:aqtivobis ganxorcieleba saSualebas mogcemT moswavleebs pirovnebis

formirebisa da pirovnuli ganviTarebis sakiTxebze esaubroT.

64

aqtivoba №11

Tema adamianis uflebebi da Tavisuflebebi

Sedegi moq.X.6. moswavles SeuZlia gaanalizos mravalferovan sazogadoebaSi samarTliani urTierTobis uzrunvely-ofis saSualebebi.

moq.IX.8. moswavles SeuZlia sazogadoebaSi mSvidobiani Tanaarsebobis safuZvlebisa da pirobebis kvleva.

moq.IX.7. moswavles SeuZlia erTmaneTTan daakavSiros saqarTvelos mravalferovnebis ZiriTad maxasiaTe-blebi.

moq.IX.2. moswavles SeuZlia gansazRvros sakuTari adg-ili da mniSvneloba sazogadoebaSi.

dro ori gakveTili

SeniSvna maswavlebeli Tavisufalia ambis interpretaciaSi da Sesabamisad man Tvad unda gadawyvitos romel gmirs ga-moiyvans dadebiT Tu uaryofiT rolSi. SesaZlebelia ambavi iyos realuri, an maswavleblis mier gamogonili.

resursebi: savele, saeqskursio aRWurviloba

kavSiri sxva sagnebTan: sazogadoebrivi mecnierebebi

aqtivobis aRwera:mouyeviT moswvleebs ambavi, romelic TiTqos mravali wlis win gadagx-

daT Tavs. misi Sinaarsi daaxloebiT aseTi unda iyos: „myavda sadamrigeblo klasi, romelic skolis damTvrebis Semdeg eq-

skursiaze waviyvane. klasi mravaleTnikuri iyo. aq warmodgenili iyvnen rogorc materialurad uzrunvelyofili, aseve socialurad daucve-li bavSvebi. wlebis ganmavlobaSi klasSi TiTqos megobruli atmosfero sufevda, moswavleebi saerTo enas advilad poulobdnen.

saRamos tyeSi davbanakdiT. meore diliT bavSvebis xmaurma gamaRviZa, erT-erTi moswavle vaJi wuxda, rom misi mobiluri moipares. igi pirdapir adebda xels socialurad daucvel moswavles im argumentiT, rom mas uWir-da da sxva aravin Caidenda amgvar saqciels. am braldebaSi dazaralebuls mxari misma saukeTeso megobarma auba. igi adasturebda, rom Tavad dainaxa, Tu rogor aiRo X moswavlem telefoni, magram maSinve amis Tqmis SeeSinda.“

amis Semdeg moswavleebs SesTavazeT TamaSi e. w. kuTxeebis meTodis gam-oyenebiT. gaakariT oTaxis oTxive kuTxeSi TiTo furceli, warwerebiT: 1. dazaralebulis megobari; 2. socialurad daucveli moswavle; 3. dazara-lebuli; 4. aravin. amis Semdeg moswavleebs sTxoveT, TiToeuli im kuTx-esTan mivides, romlis warweraze dasaxelebuli pirovnebis gamarTlebis survilic gauCnda. saamisod maT xuTi wuTi eZlevaT. SesaZlebelia yvela kuTxe ar Seivsos, Tumca es aqtivobis ganxorcielebaze uaryofiTad ar imoqmedebs.

65

TiToeul moswavles sTxoveT argumentirebulad daasabuTos saku-Tari arCevani. es argumentebi dafaze an flifCartze CamowereT. diskusi-is mimdinareobisas moswavleebs yuradReba gaamaxvilebineT dazaralebu-li moswavlis stereotipul argumentebze da dazaralebulis megobris arasamarTlian qmedebaze.

aqtivobis savaraudo Sedegebi: aqtivobis ganxorcieleba saSualebas mogcemT adamianis uflebebi da

Tavisuflebebi cxovrebiseuli situaciebis fonze gaarCioT. aucilebe-li ar aris, rom mTxrobelis mdgomareobaSi yovelTvis Tqven gamoxvideT. ukeTesi iqneba, Tu moswavleebi maT cxovrebaSi momxdar realur isto-riebs moyvebian. am tipis praqtikis saswavlo procesSi danergva saSuale-bas mogcemT:

a) SemTxvevis ganxilvis fonze ganazogadoT saswavlo masala; b) imuSaoT stereotipebisa da fobiebis gamovlenasa da aRmofxvraze,

romlebic sakmaod xSirad vlindeba moswavleTa narativebSi;g) ganuviTaroT moswavleebs gamarTuli, sistemuri Txrobis unari.

aqtivoba №12

Tema saqarTvelos konstitucia

Sedegi moq.IX.9. moswavles SeuZlia gaanalizos saqarTvelos moqalaqis konstituciuri uflebebi da Tavisuflebe-bi, movaleobebi da pasuxismgeblobebi.

moq.IX.10. moswavles SeuZlia gaanalizos saqarTvelos saxelmwifo mmarTvelobis sistema.

moq. X 8. moswavles SeuZlia saqarTvelos mdgradi gan-viTarebis SesaZleblobebis kvleva.

moq.X.9. moswavles SeuZlia gaanalizos saqarTvelo-Si TviTmmarTvelobisa da saxelmwifo mmarTvelobis sistemis ganviTarebis procesi.

moq.X.11. moswavles SeuZlia gaanalizos moqalaqeebis roli qveynis demokratiaSi.

dro ori gakveTili

SeniSvna aqtivoba SesaZlebelia interpretirebuli iqnes da

moergos sxvadasxva sakanonmdeblo Tu samarTlebrivi

dokumentebis ganxilvas.

resursebi: furclebi, kalmistrebi, konstitucia da sxva dokumenturi

masalebi

kavSiri sxva sagnebTan: sazogadoebrivi mecnierebebi

66

aqtivobis aRwera: samoqalaqo ganaTlebis swavlis procesSi aucilebelia, moswavleebs

sakuTari mosazrebebis samarTlebrivi dokumentebis safuZvelze argu-mentirebis unari ganuviTardeT. saamisod kargi saSualebaa saqarTvelos konstituciis (ix. saitze http://laws.codexserver.com/37.htm) saswavlo re-sursad gamoyeneba.

es aqtivoba ar moiTxovs gansakuTrebiT rTuli Teoriuli kon-struqtebiT apelirebas. gakveTilis mimdinareobisas gamoyaviT debule-bebi, romelTa WeSmaritebac eWvs ar iwvevs, magaliTad, Semdegi: saqarT-veloSi xalxs aqvs sazogadoebriv cxovrebaSi monawileobis ufleba. Semdeg moswavleebs mieciT davaleba, saqarTvelos konstituciaSi ipov-on paragrafebi, romlebic am debulebis safuZvels warmoadgens. am tipis mravali davalebis mofiqreba SeiZleba, magaliTad:

a) saqarTvelos konstituciis safuZvelze daasabuTeT, rom xalxs aqvs saxelmwifoebriv cxovrebaSi monawileobis ufleba. aRwereT, ra saSualebebs aniWebs saamisod maT konstitucia;

b) saqarTvelos konstituciis safuZvelze daasabuTeT, rom saqarTve-lo demokratiuli, liberaluri Rirebulebebis damcveli saxelm-wifoa;

g) saqarTvelos konstituciiT, politika da biznesi erTmaneTisgan mkveTrad unda iyos gamijnuli;

d) saqarTvelos konstitucia iTvaliswinebs xelisuflebis danaw-ilebis princips.

aucilebeli ar aris es aqtivoba mxolod saqarTvelos konstituci-asTan mimarTebaSi ganaxorcieloT. analogiurad SegiZliaT gamoiyenoT, magaliTad, adamianis uflebaTa sayovelTao deklaracia, bavSvTa ufle-bebis konvencia, romis konvencia da sxva mniSvnelovani dokumentebi.

aqtivobis savaraudo Sedegebi: aqtivobis warmatebulad ganxorcielebis SemTxvevaSi moswavleebs

mkafio warmodgena SeeqmnebaT saqarTvelos konstituciisa da saerTaSo-riso samarTlebrivi dokumentebis Sinaarsis Sesaxeb. msgavsi aqtivobebis ganxorcielebiT moswavleebi aqtiur codnas SeiZenen, rac pozitiur gav-lenas moaxdens maTi moqalaqeobrivi cnobierebis formirebaze.

aqtivoba №13

Tema saerTaSoriso samarTali

Sedegi moq.IX.9. moswavles SeuZlia gaanalizos saqarTvelos moqalaqis konstituciuri uflebebi da Tavisuflebe-bi, movaleobebi da pasuxismgeblobebi.

moq.X.11. moswavles SeuZlia gaanalizos moqalaqeebis roli qveynis demokratiaSi.

dro ori saaTi

67

SeniSvna aucileblad unda aRiniSnos, rom aqtivoba gamWolia

praqtikulad yvela Sedegze

resursebi: feradi da myari furclebi, kalmistrebi, feradi fanqrebi

kavSiri sxva sagnebTan: sazogadoebrivi mecnierebebi

aqtivobis aRwera: daurigeT moswavleebs baraTebi, romlebzec Semdegi ganmartebebi

iqneba datanili:

baraTi 1.

qveynis umaRlesi iuridiuli Zalis mqone kanoni, romliTac, upirveles yovlisa, cxaddeba adamianisa da moqalaqis, iu-ridiuli da fizikuri pirebis garantirebuli uflebebi da Tavisuflebebi (rwmenisa da aRmsareblobis, xelSekrulebis, informaciis, manifestaciebis, Sekrebis, azrisa da sindi-sis, sityvis, mimosvlisa da sacxovrebeli adgilis SerCev-is, Sromis, arCevnebSi monawileobis Tavisufleba da sxv.), agreTve, maTi SezRudvis safuZvlebi; ganisazRvreba sazoga-doebrivi wyobilebis, mmarTvelobis formis, teritoriuli mowyobis, xelisuflebis centraluri da adgilobrivi orga-noebis formirebis safuZvlebi, qveynis umaRlesi pirebis ga-dayenebis, umaRlesi organos daTxovnis, konstituciaSi cvl-ilebebis Setanis wesi, saxelmwifo ena da qveynis dedaqalaqi.

baraTi 2.

68

adamianis uflebaTa saerTaSoriso samarTlebrivi garantiebis Sesaxeb evrosabWos wevri qveynebis mier 1950 wels xelmower-ili xelSekruleba, romlis amocanas warmoadgenda 1948 wels gaeros egidiT gamocxadebuli adamianis uflebaTa sayovel-Tao deklaraciis principebis ganxorcieleba. misi debulebe-bi ZiriTadad koncentrirebulia samoqalaqo da politikur uflebebze; mniSvnelovan siaxles warmoadgenda procesualuri sakiTxebisa da gadawyvetilebis aRsrulebis meqanizmebis gan-sazRvra. mosarCeles aqvs ufleba xelSekrulebis wevri qveynis mier misi darRvevis braldebiT mimarTos adamianis uflebaTa evrokomisias, romlis Semdgom instancias warmoadgens adami-anis uflebaTa evrosasamarTlo, romelsac SeuZliaT mimarTon rogorc arasamTavrobo organizaciebma, ise calkeulma pirebma an pirTa jgufebma. orive organizacia Seqmnilia am dokumentis farglebSi. komisiis amocanas warmoadgens: sasamarTlos ufle-bamosilebebTan Sesabamisobis dadgenis mizniT saCivrebis ganx-ilva; darRvevis faqtebis Semowmeba; mxareTa urTierTmorige-bisaTvis saWiro zomebis ganxorcieleba. Sesabamisi saxelmwifos mier adamianis uflebaTa evrosasamarTlos iurisdiqciis aR-iarebis SemTxvevaSi, sasamarTlos aqvs ufleba gamoitanos Ses-asruleblad savaldebulo gadawyvetileba, romlis iuridiuli Zala erovnuli sasamarTloebis mier miRebuli Sesabamisi gad-awyvetilebebis tolfasia.

baraTi 3.miRebulia gaeros generaluri asambleis mier 10.XII.1948. misi miRebis TariRi (10 dekemberi) yovelwliurad aRiniSneba, ro-gorc adamianis uflebaTa saerTaSoriso dRe. igi exeba rogorc samoqalaqo da politikur, ise ekonomikur, socialur da kul-turul uflebebs. kerZod, deklaraciiT gaTvaliswinebulia iseTi uflebebi, rogoricaa: sicocxlis ufleba, piraduli xe-lSeuxeblobis ufleba; garantirebulia mimoweris saidumloeba da miukerZoebeli sasamarTlos mier dacvis ufleba. igi aseve iTvaliswinebs sxva ZiriTad uflebebsa da Tavisuflebebs. es do-kumenti ar aris iuridiulad savaldebulo, igi sarekomendacio xasiaTisaa, magram TiTqmis yvela qveyanam aqcia TavisTvis saval-debulo normebis Semcvel saerTaSoriso Cveulebad. dokumen-ti safuZvlad daedo adamianis uflebaTa dacvis Sesaxeb mraval saerTaSoriso xelSekrulebas.

auxseniT moswavleebs, rom TiToeuli ganmarteba Seesabameba qvemoT CamoTvlilTagan erT-erT dokuments:

adamianis uflebaTa sayovelTao deklaracias (ix.http://www.lexilogos.com/declaration/georgien.htm) ;

69

adamianis uflebaTa da ZiriTad TavisuflebaTa dacvis evropul konvencias

(ix. https://matsne.gov.ge/index.php?option=com_ldmssearch&view=docView&id=1208370);

saqarTvelos konstitucias (ix.http://laws.codexserver.com/37.htm).daavaleT maT, Seusabamon ganmartebebi saTanado dokuments; Semdeg

ki mieciT davaleba – ganixilon, ra formiT aris warmodgenili TiToeul maTganSi adamianis romelime ZiriTadi ufleba da Tavisufleba, mag-aliTad, sicocxlis ufleba, Tavisuflebisa da xelSeuxeblobis ufleba, samarTliani sasamarTlo ganxilvis ufleba da a.S.

aqtivobis savaraudo Sedegebi:aqtivobis ganxorcieleba saSualebas mogcemT moswavleebs auxsnaT

saerTaSoriso da adgilobrivi samarTlebrivi dokumentebis urTierT-mimarTebis sakiTxebi. aucilebeli ar aris mxolod zemoT aRwerili definiciebiT SemoifargloT. es aqtivoba sxva dokumentebTan mimarTe-baSic SegiZliaT gamoiyenoT. saamisod saWiro baraTebis damzadebaSi dagexmarebaT samoqalaqo ganaTlebis leqsikoni (xelmisawvdomia saitze: http://www.nplg.gov.ge/gwdict/index.php?a=index&d=6 ) .

aqtivoba №14 samoqalaqo ganaTlebis erT-erTi umTavresi mizania, moswavleebma

kargad gaacnobieron, rogoria qveynis saxelmwifo mowyoba adgilobriv da saerTaSoriso samarTlebriv sistemasTan mimarTebaSi; ras gulisx-mobs samarTlebrivi saxelmwifo da a.S. me-14 – me-18 aqtivobebi swored am sakiTxebis swavlebaSi dagexmarebaT.

Tema saqarTvelos saxelmwifo mowyoba

Sedegi moq.IX.10. moswavles SeuZlia gaanalizos saqarTvelos saxelmwifo mmarTvelobis sistema

moq.IX.11. moswavles SeuZlia skolis TviTmmarTvelo-bis demokratiul procesSi nayofieri monawileoba

moq.X.10. moswavles SeuZlia saqarTvelos moqalaqis sazogadoebriv-politikur cxovrebaSi aqtiuri monaw-ileobis SesaZleblobebis kvleva da gamoyeneba

moq.X.11. moswavles SeuZlia gaanalizos moqalaqeebis roli qveynis demokratiaSi

dro ori saaTi

SeniSvna

resursebi: furclebi, kalmistrebi da feradi fanqrebi

kavSiri sxva sagnebTan: sazogadoebrivi mecnierebebi

70

aqtivobis aRwera:saqarTvelos saxelmwifo mowyobaze msjelobisas moswavleebs daava-

leT nacnobTa wreSi Caataron gamokiTxva imis Sesaxeb, rogor aris orga-nizebuli qarTuli saxelmwifo sistema.

sasurvelia, Tu moswavleebs respondentebi Semdeg kiTxvebze gasce-men pasuxebs:

a) vin axorcielebs saqarTveloSi sakanonmdeblo xelisuflebas? b) vin axorcielebs saqarTveloSi aRmasrulebel xelisuflebas? g) rogori saxelmwifoa saqarTvelo teritoriul-administraciuli

mowyobis mixedviT? d) rogori saxelmwifoa saqarTvelo mmarTvelobis formis mixedviT? e) rogori saxelmwifoa saqarTvelo mmarTvelobis reJimis mixedviT? v) ramden weliwadSi erTxel tardeba saqarTveloSi saparlamento da

saprezidento arCevnebi?

savaraudod, moswavleTa respondentebs am kiTxvebze damajerebeli pasuxebi ar eqnebaT; rig SemTxvevebSi SesaZloa maT SekiTxvis arsic ver gaigon, Tumca es aqtivobis ganxorcielebas xels ar SeuSlis. saqme isaa, rom aqtivobis mizani am kiTxvebTan dakavSirebiT Tavad moswavleTa in-formirebaa, rac, udavod, miRweuli iqneba respondentebTan muSaobis procesSi, radgan, pirvel rigSi, moswavleebs Tavad mouwevT am SekiTxve-bis arsisa da maTze swori pasuxebis gageba.

aqtivobis savaraudo Sedegebi:aqtivoba moswavles aqtiur codnas SesZens samoqalaqo ganaTlebis

TvalsazrisiT erT-erT umniSvnelovanes Temaze. amasTan, ganviTardeba misi, rogorc mkvlevris, unarebic. es aqtivoba, bunebrivia, sxva TemebTan mimarTebaSic SegiZliaT gamoiyenoT.

aqtivoba №15

Tema socialur problemebSi politikuri partiebis roli

Sedegi moq.IX.10. moswavles SeuZlia gaanalizos saqarTvelos saxelmwifo mmarTvelobis sistema.

moq.X.9. moswavles SeuZlia gaanalizos saqarTvelo-Si TviTmmarTvelobisa da saxelmwifo mmarTvelobis sistemis ganviTarebis procesi

dro ori gakveTili

SeniSvna sasurvelia moswavles aqtivobamde gaaCndes codna

partiebis Teoriuli safuZvlebis Sesaxeb

resursebi: dafa, carci, feradi furclebi

kavSiri sxva sagnebTan: sazogadoebrivi mecnierebebi

71

aqtivobis aRwera: CamowereT dafaze platformebi, romlebic politikur partiebs Sei-

Zleba axasiaTebdes: radikaluri liberaluri zomieri

konservatiuli reaqciuli anarqistuli

Semdeg daavaleT moswavleebs werilobiT, 5-10 wuTSi, TiToeuli maT-ganis maxasiaTeblebi Camoayalibon. maTi pasuxebi sajarod ganixileT da SeecadeT dafaze SedarebiT erTmniSvnelovani versiebi daafiqsiroT.

aqtivobis Semdgom fazaSi moswavleebs dafaze CamoawerineT social-uri da politikuri problemebi, romlebsac isini qarTul an romelime sxva qveynis sinamdvileSi xedaven. daavaleT moswavleebs gansazRvron, zemoT CamoTvlili romeli platformis politikuri ZalisTvis iqneba ufro metad prioritetuli TiToeul am problemaze reagireba. aqtivo-bis dasasrul, SeecadeT moswavleebTan erTad gansazRvroT qarTuli politikuri partiebis ideologia.

aqtivoba №16

Tema politika da politikosebi

Sedegi moq.IX.3. moswavles SeuZlia gaanalizos profesional-izmis mniSvneloba pirovnebis ganviTarebisaTvis.

moq.IX.4. moswavles SeuZlia Seadginos sakuTari moma-vali saqmianobis gegma.

moq.X.4. moswavles SeuZlia kritikulad Seafasos saku-Tari momavali saqmianobis gegma

dro ori gakveTili

SeniSvna sasurvelia maswavlebelma moaxerxos, rom moswavleeb-

ma ar gamoiyenon arsebuli stereotipuli mosazrebebi

politikosebis Sesaxeb da SeZlebisdagvarad Seinar-

Cunon obieqturoba Temaze saubrisas.

resursebi: dafa, carci, furclebi, kalmistrebi

kavSiri sxva sagnebTan: Zalian mWidro kavSiria istoriasTan da aseve

geografiis rig sakiTxebTan

aqtivobis aRwera: politikur sistemebze msjelobisas moswavleebs dausviT SekiTx-

va: ra Tvisebebis matarebeli unda iyos politikosi? dasmul kiTxvaze isini, savaraudod, mravalferovan pasuxebs gagcemen. aqtivoba swored am pasuxebis ierarqiuli TanmimdevrobiT dalagebasa da am fonze diskusiis inicirebas isaxavs miznad. amisaTvis dafaze daxateT sqema, romlis zeda

72

nawilSic politikosisTvis yvelaze mniSvnelovani maxasiaTeblebi iqneba moqceuli, yvelaze qvemoT ki − yvelaze nakleb mniSvnelovani (sqema №4). moswavleebis pasuxebs Soris albaT iqneba iseTi komponentebi, rogori-caa: farTo erudicia, oratorobis kargi unari, diplomatia, keTilsindi-siereba da a.S.

sqema №4 X XX XXX XX X am sqemis ierarqiuli principiT Sevsebis procesi moswavleebs Soris,

savaraudod, diskusias gamoiwvevs, rac udavod keTilismyofel gavlenas moaxdens maTi politikuri codnis gafarToebaze.

aqtivoba №17

Tema samarTlebrivi kultura

Sedegi moq. IX 6. moswavles SeuZlia sazogadoebrivi usafrTx-oebis ZiriTadi problemebis gadasaWrelad TanamS-romloba.

moq.X.6. moswavles SeuZlia gaanalizos mravalferovan sazogadoebaSi samarTliani urTierTobis uzrunve-lyofis saSualebebi.

moq. X 8. moswavles SeuZlia saqarTvelos mdgradi gan-viTarebis SesaZleblobebis kvleva

dro ori gakveTili

SeniSvna sasurvelia maswavlebelma moaxerxos, rom moswavlem

kargad dainaxos gansxvaveba e.w. daweril da dauwerel

kanonebs Soris. gaiazros moraluri samarTlis cne-

bac da samarTlis da kanonebis aucilebloba qveynis

mdgradi ganviTrebisTvis

resursebi: dafa, carci, furclebi, kalmistrebi da feradi fanqrebi

kavSiri sxva sagnebTan: sazogadoebrivi mecnierebebi

aqtivobis aRwera:dawereT dafaze sityvebi: „samarTlebrivi kultura“. gonebrivi ieri-

Sis meTodis gamoyenebiT moswavleebs daavaleT ganmarton, rogor esmiT es termini. maTi pasuxebi dafaze CamowereT. es pasuxebi, savaraudod, erTmaneTisgan gansxvavebuli da aradamajerebeli iqneba; Tumca, mainc SeecadeT ganazogadoT isini da aRniSneT, rom „samarTlebrivi kultur-

73

is“ ganmarteba samecniero wreebSic farTo diskusiis sagania. sailustraciod, dafaze am TvalsazrisiT mniSvnelovani ramdenime

mosazreba CamowereT:1) zogjer terminiT − „samarTlebrivi kultura“ is socialuri

garemo aRiniSneba, romelSic kanonebi moqmedebs; 2) zogjer − RirebulebaTa sistema, romelic sazogadoebis mier

Tavisi kanonebis pativiscemazea damyarebuli;3) zogjer termini „samarTlebrivi kultura“ „barbarosobisa“

da totalitarizmis sapirispiro cnebad moiazreba;4) zogjer − azrovnebis formad.

gansxvavebuli midgomebis aRnusxvis Semdeg sTxoveT moswavleebs aR-niSnon, zemoT CamoTvlilTagan romeli debulebaa maTTvis ufro misaRe-bi. paralelur reJimSi moswavleebs auxseniT, rom samarTlebriv kul-turaze msjelobisas mniSvnelovania ara mxolod kanonebi, aramed − maTi rolic sazogadoebriv cxovrebaSi.

zemoT ganxiluli mosamzadebeli samuSaos Semdeg klasSi waradgineT sadiskusio Tema. Temis saTauri sxvadasxvagvarad SeiZleba iyos for-mulirebuli:

a) niSnavs Tu ara samarTlebrivi kultura mxolod kanonis morCile-bas?

b) modis Tu ara winaaRmdegobaSi erTmaneTTan samarTlebrivi kul-tura da tradicia?

g) SesaZloa Tu ara arsebobdes samarTlebrivi kultura totalita-rul saxelmwifoSi? da a.S.

diskusiis daskvniT nawilSi moswavleebs SeaxseneT, rom yvela adami-ans gaaCnia uflebebi/Tavisuflebebi da movaleobebi/pasuxismgeblobebi. samarTlebrivi kultura qveyanaSi mxolod orive maTganis (e.i moqalaqee-bis uflebebisa da movaleobebis) realizebis SemTxvevaSi SeiZleba arse-bobdes. samarTlebrivi kulturis tradiciis mqone sazogadoebis wevrad, bunebrivia, ver CaiTvleba pirovneba, romelic kanonebsa da adamianis sxva uflebebs ugulebelyofs; Tumca igive im moqalaqezec iTqmis, romelic mxolod kanonisadmi morCilebiT Semoifargleba da maTi (e.i. kanonebis) saSualebiT sazogadoebrivi cxovrebis gaumjobesebaze ar zrunavs.

aqtivobis daskvniT nawilSi daavaleT moswavleebs daweron Tema an dagegmon proeqti, romelSic saqarTveloSi samarTlebrivi kulturis kuTxiT arsebuli problemebi iqneba ganxiluli.

aqtivobis savaraudo Sedegebi:aqtivobis ganxorcieleba saSualebas mogcemT, daexmaroT moswav-

leebs samoqalaqo sazogadoebisaTvis erT-erT yvelaze metad aqtualur sakiTxTan dakavSirebuli saWiro kiTxvebis dasmaSi. zemoT Camoyalibebu-li aqtivobis safuZvelze moswavleTa proeqtebis ganxorcieleba maT wi-naSe mkafiod warmoaCens samoqalaqo sazogadoebis arss.

74

aqtivoba №18

Tema informatori

Sedegi moq.IX.5. moswavles SeuZlia pirovnebisa da sazogadoe-bisaTvis mniSvnelobis gaazrebiT misdios cxovrebis jansaRi wess.

moq. IX 6. moswavles SeuZlia sazogadoebrivi usafrTx-oebis ZiriTadi problemebis gadasaWrelad TanamSrom-loba.

moq.IX.7. moswavles SeuZlia erTmaneTTan daakavSiros saqarTvelos mravalferovnebis ZiriTad maxasiaTe-blebi.

moq.IX.8. moswavles SeuZlia sazogadoebaSi mSvidobiani Tanaarsebobis safuZvlebisa da pirobebis kvleva.

moq.X.5. moswavles SeuZlia gaazrebuli monawileoba da TanamSromloba socialuri problemebis gadawyvetaSi.

moq.X.7. moswavles SeuZlia samoqalaqo sazogadoebis ZiriTadi safuZvlebis kvleva.

dro ori gakveTili

SeniSvna maswavlebelma moswavles unda misces sruli Tvisu-

fleba politikosis Tu diplomatis arCevasTan daka-

vSirebiT. anu SesaZlebelia moswavle romelime konk-

retuli politikosis da diplomatis roli moirgos an

Seqmnas sruliad axali figura

resursebi: furclebi, kalmistrebi, istoriuli wyaroebi da sxva politi-

kuri popoularuli literatura

kavSiri sxva sagnebTan: sazogadoebrivi mecnierebebi

aqtivobis aRwera:daavaleT moswavleebs Tavi warmoidginon im politikosis/diploma-

tis rolSi, romlis mizansac saerTaSoriso organizaciebTan TanamSrom-lobiT sakuTari qveynis problemebis gadaWra warmoadgens. aseT proble-mad SesaZloa warmoadginoT mezobeli saxelmwofoebis mxridan samxedro agresiis safrTxe, kriminogenuli foni, ekonomikuri problemebi da sxv. politikosis rolSi gardasaxuli moswavlis amocana iqneba sityvis an werilis momzadeba, romliTac igi daxmarebisTvis romelime saerTaSori-so organizacias mimarTavs.

aRniSnul werilSi moswavlem unda gamoavlinos saerTaSoriso orga-nizaciebis funqciebisa da struqturebis codna. magaliTad, Tu igi mezo-beli saxelmwifoebis mxridan samxedro agresiis SeCerebis aucileblobis Sesaxeb saubrobs, saWiroa natos mimarTos. werilSi unda Candes, ratom mimarTa moswavlem swored am organizacias; ra miznebs isaxavs igi; ra sax-

75

is qmedebebi warmoudgenia natos mxridan; ra rezonansi eqneba saerTaSo-riso konfliqtSi natos Carevas da a.S.

es sityva/werili moswavlem klasis winaSe unda waikiTxos, klasma ki unda imsjelos misi damajereblobis Sesaxeb.

aqtivobis savaraudo Sedegebi: aqtivoba xels Seuwyobs roluri TamaSis saSualebiT saerTaSori-

so organizaciebis Sesaxeb moswavleTa informirebas. TamaSis procesSi isini, ra Tqma unda, ukeT daimaxsovreben masalas, romelic saxelmZR-vaneloebSi xSirad sqematuri saxiTaa warmodgenili.

aqtivoba №19 2011–2016 wlebis erovnuli saswavlo gegmiT gaTvaliswinebuli samo-

qalaqo ganaTlebis sagnobrivi programa Tanamedrove msofliosaTvis aqtualuri mravali problemis swavlebas gulisxmobs; swored maTi cod-na ganapirobebs moswavlis Camoyalibebas kargad informirebul, pasux-ismgeblobis grZnobis mqone, Rirebulebebze orientirebul moqalaqed. me-19 – 27-e aqtivobebi am Temebis swavlebaSi dagexmarebaT.

Tema konfliqtebis kaleidoskopi

Sedegi moq.IX.7. moswavles SeuZlia erTmaneTTan daakavSiros saqarTvelos mravalferovnebis ZiriTad maxasiaTe-blebi.

moq.IX.8. moswavles SeuZlia sazogadoebaSi mSvidobiani Tanaarsebobis safuZvlebisa da pirobebis kvleva.

moq.X.10. moswavles SeuZlia saqarTvelos moqalaqis sazogadoebriv-politikur cxovrebaSi aqtiuri monaw-ileobis SesaZleblobebis kvleva da gamoyeneba

dro ori gakveTili

SeniSvna aqtivoba SesaZlebelia sxva Temebis gasaazrebladac

gamoviyenoT. sasurvelia maswavlebelma moaxdinos in-

formaciis interpretacia da moswavleebs sxvadasxva

variantis aqtivobebi SesTavazos.

resursebi: furclebi, fanqrebi, feradi baraTebi

kavSiri sxva sagnebTan: sazogadoebrivi mecnierebebi

aqtivobis aRwera: CautareT moswavleebs mini-leqcia konfliqtis Temaze − mis raobaze,

saxeebsa da mogvarebis SesaZlo gzebze. amis Semdeg dayaviT moswavleebi oTx jgufad. sTxoveT maT aiRon oTxidan erT-erTi baraTi, romelzec

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Semdegi warwerebia: a) klasikuri musikis moyvarulebi; b) poeziis moyvarulebi; g) folkloris moyvarulebi; d) mogzaurobis moyvarulebi. mieciT moswavleebs Semdegi situaciuri amocana: „warmoidgineT, rom

skolas amTavrebT da gegmavT gamosamSvidobebeli saRamos mowyobas“. aT wuTSi TiToeuli gundis liders sTxoveT Tavisi jgufis gadawyvetilebis gaxmovaneba. gundis liderebis gegmebi, ra Tqma unda, sxvadasxvagvari iqneba, amitom sTxoveT maT „mrgval magidasTan“ molaparakebebis daw-yeba. „mrgvali magidis“ monawileebs Tavidanve ganumarteT, rom maTi mTvari amocanaa miaRwion iseT SeTanxmebas, romelic yvela gunds daak-mayofilebs an ipovon raime alternativa. danarCeni moswavleebi, mon-itoringis mizniT, daakvirdebian mimdinare process. aqve moswavleebs auxseniT, rom konfliqtis mogvarebis ramdenime gza arsebobs: TanamS-romloba, konsesusi, daTmoba, ganrideba, konkurencia.

molaparakebis Semdeg maswavlebeli mTel klass usvams kiTxvebs:a) ra interesi amoZravebda TiToeul gunds?b) problemis mogvarebis romeli strategia SearCia TiToeulma gundma?g) rogori iyo liderebis strategia SeTanxmebisas, Tuki aseTi SeTanx-

meba saerTod Sedga?aqtivobis daskvniT fazaSi mieciT moswavleebs saSualeba, Tavian-

Ti cota xnis winandeli gamocdilebis safuZvelze ganazogadon, ra faqtorebs aqvs mniSvneloba konfliqtis mSvidobianad mosagvareblad; ram ganapiroba maTi „misiis“ warmateba.

aqtivobis savaraudo Sedegebi:aqtivobis ganxorcieleba saSualebas mogcemT, gaacnoT moswavleebs

konfliqtis marTvis strategiebi da misceT saSualeba, gakveTilze Te-oriulad naswavli masala „praqtikaSi“ (roluri TamaSis formiT) ganax-orcielon.

aqtivoba №20

Tema tolerantoba

Sedegi moq.IX.7. moswavles SeuZlia erTmaneTTan daakavSiros saqarTvelos mravalferovnebis ZiriTad maxasiaTe-blebi.

moq.IX.8. moswavles SeuZlia sazogadoebaSi mSvidobiani

Tanaarsebobis safuZvlebisa da pirobebis kvleva.

moq.IX.1. moswavles SeuZlia gaanalizos sakuTari pirovnuli Tvisebebi, miswrafebebi da SesaZleblobebi.

dro erTi gakveTili

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SeniSvna aqtivoba SesaZlebelia mcire modifikaciiT nebismieri

saxis da Temis tolerantobaze iyos gamoyenebuli

resursebi: dafa, carci, dokumenturi foto masala

kavSiri sxva sagnebTan: sazogadoebrivi mecnierebebi

aqtivobis aRwera:aqtivobis dasawyisSi dafaze dawereT evrokavSiris cnobili devizi:

„yvela gansxvavebulia, yvela Tanasworia“. sTxoveT moswavleebs ganmar-ton, rogor esmiT es sityvebi. amis Semdeg warmoadgineT klasSi suraTebi, romlebic maTTvis ucxo kulturis xalxebis yofas asaxavs (ix. suraTebi qvemoT).

auxseniT moswavleebs, rom es suraTebi, erTi mxriv, „fanjaraa“, radgan maTi saSualebiT ucxo, gansxvavebuli tradiciebis mqone adamianebis sam-yaroSi SeiZleba gaxedva; meore mxriv ki, „sarkea“, radgan yvela Cvengan-isTvis mniSvnelovan cxovrebiseul momentebsa da problemebs gviCvenebs.

yovelive amis Semdeg mieciT moswavleebs davaleba − werilobiTi formiT gadmoscen, ras uCvenebs maT es suraTebi, rogorc „sarke“ da ro-gorc „fanjara“.

aqtivobis savaraudo Sedegebi: aqtivoba dagexmarebaT, aswavloT moswavleebs tolerantoba; misi sa-

SualebiT aseve naTeli gaxdeba, ra qmnis stereotipebs da ramdenad aras-woria maTze dayrdnoba.

78

79

aqtivoba №21

Tema konfliqti

Sedegi moq. IX 6. moswavles SeuZlia sazogadoebrivi usafrTx-oebis ZiriTadi problemebis gadasaWrelad TanamS-romloba.

moq.IX.7. moswavles SeuZlia erTmaneTTan daakavSiros saqarTvelos mravalferovnebis ZiriTad maxasiaTe-blebi.

moq.IX.8. moswavles SeuZlia sazogadoebaSi mSvidobiani

Tanaarsebobis safuZvlebisa da pirobebis kvleva.

moq.X.2. moswavles SeuZlia gaanalizos adamianuri Rirsebis arsi.

moq.X.6. moswavles SeuZlia gaanalizos mravalferovan sazogadoebaSi samarTliani urTierTobis uzrunve-lyofis saSualebebi.

dro erTi gakveTili

SeniSvna

resursebi: dafa, carci, furclebi da kalmistrebi

kavSiri sxva sagnebTan: sazogadoebrivi mecnierebebi

aqtivobis aRwera:dayaviT moswavleebi oTx jgufad. dawereT dafaze TiToeuli jgu-

fis dasaxeleba: „eTnikuri umravlesoba“, „xelisufleba“, „eTnikuri um-ciresoba N1“, „eTnikuri umciresoba N2“.

daavaleT TiToeul jgufs, miuZRvnan sxva jgufis warmomadgenels nebismieri ori saCuqari. saCuqari SeiZleba iyos sityva, werili, naxati, raimes simbolo da a.S.

meore etapze jgufebi gadascemen erTmaneTs saCuqrebs, Tumca maT SeuZliaT, piradi gadawyvetilebis safuZvelze, miiRon an ar miiRon saCuqari. yovelive es iwereba winaswar momzadebul cxrilSi.

mesame etapze, aqtivobis damamTavrebel fazaSi, masalis ganzogadebis mizniT, dausviT moswavleebs Semdegi kiTxvebi:

a) ris safuZvelze SeurCieT jgufebs saCuqrebi?b) moewonaT Tu ara jgufebs saCuqrebi? Tu moewonaT, ratom?g) Tuki ar moewonaT, ra iyo amis mizezi?d) rogori iyo maTi molodini?

80

aqtivobis savaraudo Sedegebi: aqtivoba saSualebas mogcemT moswavleebs ufro gasagebad auxsnaT

sxvadasxva konfliqturi situaciis arsi da aCvenoT maTi daregulirebis potenciuri SesaZleblobebi.

aqtivoba №22

Tema konfliqti

Sedegi moq.IX.1. moswavles SeuZlia gaanalizos sakuTari pirovnuli Tvisebebi, miswrafebebi da SesaZleblobebi.

moq.IX.2. moswavles SeuZlia gansazRvros sakuTari adg-ili da mniSvneloba sazogadoebaSi.

moq. IX 6. moswavles SeuZlia sazogadoebrivi usafrTx-oebis ZiriTadi problemebis gadasaWrelad TanamSrom-loba.

moq.IX.8. moswavles SeuZlia sazogadoebaSi mSvidobiani Tanaarsebobis safuZvlebisa da pirobebis kvleva.

moq.X.2. moswavles SeuZlia gaanalizos adamianuri Rirsebis arsi.

moq.X.6. moswavles SeuZlia gaanalizos mravalferovan sazogadoebaSi samarTliani urTierTobis uzrunvely-ofis saSualebebi.

dro ori gakveTili

SeniSvna

resursebi: dafa, carci, furclebi, kalmistrebi

kavSiri sxva sagnebTan: sazogadoebrivi mecnierebebi

aqtivobis aRwera:aCveneT moswavleebs cxrili, romelSic CamoTvlili iqneba ojaxuri

Zaladobis saxeebi.

qmris Zaladoba colze

colis Zaladoba qmarze

mSoblebis Zaladoba Svilebze

Svilebis Zaladoba mSoblebze

sxva saxis ojaxuri Zaladoba

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sTxoveT moswavleebs, moirgon parlamentis adamianis uflebaTa dacvis komitetis wevrebis rolebi, romelTa amocanasac ojaxuri Zal-adobis Sesamcireblad konkretuli kanonebis miReba warmoadgens.

jgufis pirveli amocana imis gansazRvra iqneba, CamoTvlilTagan Zal-adobis romeli formaa Cven garSemo yvelaze metad gavrcelebuli. amis-aTvis erT-erTma moswavlem fasilitatoris roli unda itvirTos da ko-legebs sTxovos ojaxuri Zaladobis SemTxvevis Sesaxeb maTTvis cnobili ambebis moyola. TiToeuli narativi erT-erT cxrilSi mocemul katego-riaSi moTavsdeba, ris Sedegadac raodenobrivi maCveneblebis safuZvel-ze gakeTdeba daskvna, ojaxuri Zaladobis romeli formaa Cven irgvliv yvelaze metad gavrcelebuli.

aqtivobis Semdgom fazaSi moswavleebi sam jgufad nawildebian da in-dividualurad „SeimuSaveben“ kanons, romelic mocemuli problemis aR-mofxvras Seuwyobs xels. saamisod maT 15 wuTi eZlevaT.

dasasrul, TiToeuli jgufi warmoadgens Tavis namuSevars `SemuSave-buli~ kanonebi kuTxeebis meTodis gamoyenebiT gaakariT oTaxis sam kuTxeSi da sTxoveT moswavleebs, gadanawildnen imis mixedviT, romel kanons uWeren ufro metad mxars. xmaTa umravlesobiT SeirCeva erTi kanoni. SerCeuli iniciativa samomavlod SesaZlebelia axalgazrduli parlamentis samuSao versiad iqces.

aqtivobis savaraudo Sedegebi: ra Tqma unda, savaldebulo ar aris, aRniSnuli aqtivoba mxolod

ojaxuri Zaladobis TemasTan mimarTebaSi ganxorcieldes; saamisod samo-qalaqo ganaTlebis saskolo programiT gaTvaliswinebuli sxva Temebic SeiZleba gamodges. am tipis aqtivobebis saswavlo praqtikaSi danergva sa-Sualebas mogcemT moswavleebs kanonSemoqmedebiTi muSaobisken ubiZgoT − es maT aqtiuri moqalaqisTvis saWiro unar-Cvevebis SeZenaSi daexmareba.

aqtivoba №23

Tema ekonimika

Sedegi TiTqmis yvela Sedegi

dro ori gakveTili

SeniSvna aqtivoba praqtikulad yvela Sedegze gadis

resursebi: naTeli saklaso sivrce da e.w. monetebi, furclebi da kalm-

istrebi informaciis CasaniSnad.

kavSiri sxva sagnebTan:

aqtivobis aRwera: aqtivobis dawyebamde moswavleebs gaacaniT TamaSis wesebi. auxseniT,

rom 100 moneta, romelic TamaSisas unda gamoiyenon, qveynis mTel sim-didres ganasaxierebs. es monetebi mowafeebs unda daunawildeT. TamaSis

82

wesebis mixedviT, aravis aqvs sxvis monetaze Sexebis ufleba. aqtivobis pirvel or fazaSi klasis sami moswavle ar unda iRebdes monawileobas.

saklaso oTaxi ise moawyveT, rom moswavleebs saTamaSod didi adgili hqondeT. moswavleebs monetebi imgvarad gaunawileT, rom ramdenime maT-gans mniSvnelovnad meti moneta Sexvdes, ramdenimes ki − naklebi. ganaw-ilebis Semdeg moswavleebi sam did jgufad daiyofian:

a) didi qonebisa da Zalauflebis patronebi (visac eqvsi an meti moneta aqvs);

b) garkveuli qonebisa da Zalauflebis patronebi (visac samidan xuTamde moneta aqvs) − saSualo fena;

g) mcire qonebisa da Zalauflebis patronebi (visac ori da naklebi mo-neta aqvs) − isini Seadgenen umravlesobas.

SeaxseneT moswavleebs, rom monetebis raodenobiT maTi simdidre da Zalaufleba izomeba. igive faqtori ganapirobebs iseT mniSvnelovan da aucilebel saWiroebebze xelmisawvdomobas, rogoricaa sabazo ganaTle-ba, normaluri kveba, janmrTelobaze zrunva, Sesaferisi sacxovrebeli, agreTve, iseT survilebze xelmisawvdomobas, rogoricaa umaRlesi ganaT-leba, kompiuteri, avtomobili, saTamaSoebi, televizori da fufunebis sxva sagnebi. visac eqvsi moneta aqvs, mas yvela moTxovnisa da survilis dakmayofileba SeuZlia; sami monetis patroni mxolod Tavis moTxovnebs ikmayofilebs; mxolod ori monetis mflobels ki kvebis, ganaTlebisa da janmrTelobis problemebic ki eqmneba.

aqtivobis meore fazaSi „mrCevelTa sabWo“ unda Camoyalibdes. am sabWoSi is sami moswavle Seva, romelic met „socialur“ aqtivobas gamoam-JRavnebs anu Tavis kuTvnil yvelaze met monetas daurigebs „Tanamemam-uleebs“. „sabWos“ arCevis Semdeg SeamowmeT, vinmem dislokaciis adgili xom ar Seicvala. aqve SegiZliaT dasvaT kiTxvebi imis Sesaxeb, ratom gasca monetebi ama Tu im moswavlem.

aqtivobis mesame fazaSi TamaSSi is sami moTamaSe erTveba, romlebic manamde umoqmedod iyvnen. isini sam sxvadasxva jgufSi (socialur fenaSi) ganawildebian, rac imas niSnavs, rom TiToeulma maTganma monetebis xe-laxali gadanawilebis Sedegad im raodenobis „fuli“ unda miiRos, rac am socialur fenas Seesatyviseba (didi qonebisa da Zalauflebis mflo-belebis fenaSi moxvedrilma eqvsi da meti; garkveuli qonebisa da Zalau-flebis mflobelebis fenaSi − samidan xuTamde; mcire Zalauflebis pa-tronebis fenaSi ki − ori da naklebi); e.i. dRis wesrigSi dgeba monetebis xelaxali gadanawileba.

TiToeulma jgufma fulis ganawilebis miseuli gegma unda warmoadg-inos ise, rom axali moTamaSeebi monetebis saWiro raodenobiT dakmayo-fildnen.

savaraudod, maT mier warmodgenili proeqtebi erTmaneTisgan radi-kalurad gansxvavebuli iqneba. Sesabamisad, saWiro gaxdeba xmis micemis procedura, romelic erT-erT maTgans mianiWebs upiratesobas. arCevneb-Si „mrCevelTa sabWos“ wevrebis xmas sammagi cenzis statusi eqneba.

83

aqtivobis savaraudo Sedegebi: aqtivoba moswavleebs daanaxebs im sirTuleebs, rasac qmnis msofli-

oSi simdidrisa da Zalauflebis gadanawileba; agreTve imas, Tu rogor arTulebs Tanamedrove msoflioSi arsebuli gadanawilebis meqanizmi adamianis uflebaTa da RirsebaTa srulyofilad dacvas.

aqtivoba №24

Tema garemos dacva

Sedegi moq.IX.1. moswavles SeuZlia gaanalizos sakuTari pirovnuli Tvisebebi, miswrafebebi da SesaZleblobe-bi.

moq.IX.2. moswavles SeuZlia gansazRvros sakuTari adgili da mniSvneloba sazogadoebaSi.

moq.IX.3. moswavles SeuZlia gaanalizos profesional-izmis mniSvneloba pirovnebis ganviTarebisaTvis.

moq.IX.4. moswavles SeuZlia Seadginos sakuTari moma-

vali saqmianobis gegma.

moq.IX.5. moswavles SeuZlia pirovnebisa da sazogadoe-bisaTvis mniSvnelobis gaazrebiT misdios cxovrebis jansaRi wess.

dro ori gakveTili

SeniSvna

resursebi: didi zomis formatis furclebi, feradi markerebi an fanqrebi

kavSiri sxva sagnebTan: sazogadoebrivi da sabunebismetyvelo mecnierebebi

aqtivobis aRwera:CamoayalibeT sadiskusio Tema: „adamianis samoqalaqo monawileoba

da garemos dacva“. dayaviT klasi 4-5 - kacian jgufebad da mieciT maT davaleba − daasaxelon aqtivobebi, romlebic garemos dacvas Seuwyobs xels (sqema №4). 5-10 wuTSi TiToeulma jgufma Tavisi mosazrebebi argu-mentirebulad unda warmoadginos. maT mier Camoyalibebuli saintereso argumentebi dafaze daafiqsireT. jgufebis mier warmodgenili mosazre-bebis safuZvelze ki SeqmeniT garemosdacviT RonisZiebebSi samoqalaqo monawileobiTi qmedebebis kibe, romelsac, magaliTad, me-4 sqemis analo-giuri saxe SeiZleba hqondes.

aqtivobis savaraudo Sedegebi:aqtivobis ganxorcieleba mniSvnelovan daxmarebas gagiwevT pro-

eqtul swavlebaSi. misi msvlelobisas gamoTqmuli mosazrebebi, Sesa-Zloa, moswavleTa momavali proeqtebis safuZvladac iqces.

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sqema № 4

zrunva quCis sisufTaveze

garemosdacviT sakiTxebze

informaciis gavrceleba

sakuTri garemos

yoveldRiuri movla

sxva moqalaqeebis araswori

saqcielis mxileba

aqtivoba №25

Tema genderi

Sedegi moq.IX.1. moswavles SeuZlia gaanalizos sakuTari pirovnuli Tvisebebi, miswrafebebi da SesaZleblobebi.

moq.IX.2. moswavles SeuZlia gansazRvros sakuTari adg-ili da mniSvneloba sazogadoebaSi.

moq.IX.7. moswavles SeuZlia erTmaneTTan daakavSiros saqarTvelos mravalferovnebis ZiriTad maxasiaTe-blebi.

moq.X.1. moswavles SeuZlia TviTdamkvidreba sazoga-doebaSi.

dro 1 gakveTili

SeniSvna aqtivoba SesaZlebelia sxva or sapirispiro mocemu-

loba Soris analizis gasakeTeblad gamoiyenoT.

resursebi: dafa, carci, furclebi, kalmistrebi da feradi fanqrebi

kavSiri sxva sagnebTan: sazogadoebrivi mecnierebebi

aqtivobis aRwera:dayaviT moswavleebi 5-6 wevrian jgufebad. jgufebis dakomple-

qtebisas SeecadeT daicvaT genderuli balansi. TiToeul jgufs mieciT furceli, romelic sam svetad iqneba dayofili. svetebSi Semdegi katego-

85

riebi iqneba warmodgenili: „ase unda iqceodes kaci“; „ase unda iqceodes qali“; „ras ityvis an ras izams xalxi, vinme sxvagvarad Tu moiqceva?“.

daavaleT moswavleebs am kategoriebis Sevseba. savaraudod, yoveli jgu-fi cxrils sxvadasxvagvarad Seavsebs. TiToeuli maTgani sajarod ganixileT.

diskusiisas, sasurvelia, Semdegi kiTxvebi dasvaT: a) sad da rodis Camoyalibda Cveni warmodgena qalisa da mamakacis so-

cialur rolTan dakavSirebiT? b) zRudavs Tu ara sazogadoebaSi genderis TvalsazrisiT arsebuli

Sexedulebebi Tqvens cxovrebas? Tqven irgvliv myofi sxva adami-anebis cxovrebas?

g) SexvedrixarT Tu ara adamians, romelic am TvalsazrisiT gansxvave-bulad iqceva?

d) SexvedrixarT Tu ara adamians, romelic genderuli stereotipebis winaaRmdeg ilaSqrebs?

aqtivobis savaraudo Sedegebi:aqtivobis ganxorcieleba saSualebas mogcemT moswavleebi genderul

stereotipebze daafiqroT da misceT maT sazogadoebrivi problemebis ganxilvis saSualeba.

aqtivoba №26

Tema tolerantoba

Sedegi moq.IX.1. moswavles SeuZlia gaanalizos sakuTari pirovnuli Tvisebebi, miswrafebebi da SesaZleblobebi.

moq.IX.2. moswavles SeuZlia gansazRvros sakuTari adg-ili da mniSvneloba sazogadoebaSi.

moq.IX.7. moswavles SeuZlia erTmaneTTan daakavSiros saqa-rTvelos mravalferovnebis ZiriTad maxasiaTeblebi.

moq.X.1. moswavles SeuZlia TviTdamkvidreba sazoga-doebaSi.

dro ori gakveTili

SeniSvna sasurvelia maswavlebelma moZebnos is oqros Sualedi,

romelic am Zalian myife TemasTn dakavSirebiT Zalian

saWiroa, rom ar gamoiwvios moswavleebis gaRizianeba.

resursebi: furclebi, kalmistrebi

kavSiri sxva sagnebTan: sazogadoebrivi da sabunebismetyvelo mecnierebebi

aqtivobis aRwera:daavaleT moswavleebs 150-200 sityviani Txzulebis dawera, sadac sa-

pirispiro sqesis Sesaxeb maTi mosazrebebi iqneba formulirebuli. maT mier daweril TemaSi unda Candes pasuxi Semdeg kiTxvebze:

a) riTi hgavxarT Tqveni klasis sxva sqesis warmomadgenlebs?

86

b) riTi gansxvavdebiT Tqveni klasis sxva sqesis warmomadgenlebisgan? g) gansxvavdeba Tu ara biWisa da gogos megobroba biWisa da biWis, an

gogosa da gogos megobrobisgan? pasuxi daasabuTeT.d) iqceviT Tu ara sxvagvarad sawinaaRmdego sqesis warmomadgenelTa

garemocvaSi?

gaecaniT moswavleTa Temebs; momdevno gakveTilze ki sajarod ganix-ileT TxzulebebSi gamokveTili problemebi.

aqtivobis savaraudo Sedegebi: aqtivobis ganxorcieleba saSualebas mogcemT moswavleebi gen-

derul stereotipebze daafiqroT da misceT maT sazogadoebrivi prob-lemebis ganxilvis SesaZlebloba.

aqtivoba №27

Tema samarTlianoba

Sedegi moq.X.3. moswavles SeuZlia daakavSiros Tavisufali pirovnebisa da aqtiuri moqalaqis Tvisebebi.

moq.X.6. moswavles SeuZlia gaanalizos mravalferovan sazogadoebaSi samarTliani urTierTobis uzrunve-lyofis saSualebebi.

moq. X 8. moswavles SeuZlia saqarTvelos mdgradi gan-viTarebis SesaZleblobebis kvleva.

moq.X.9. moswavles SeuZlia gaanalizos saqarTvelo-Si TviTmmarTvelobisa da saxelmwifo mmarTvelobis sistemis ganviTarebis procesi

dro ori gakveTili

SeniSvna praqtikulad yvela Sedegze gadis, vinaidan yvela

TemasTn dakavSirebiT SesaZlebelia gamoviyenoT sa-

samarTlo simulacia.

resursebi: konkretuli saWiroebis mixedviT ganisazRvreba resursebi

kavSiri sxva sagnebTan: sazogadoebrivi mecnierebebi

aqtivobis aRwera:daavaleT moswavleebs Teatralizebuli sasamarTlo procesis mowyoba.

saamisod saWiro iqneba erTma moswavlem bralmdeblis, meorem − advokatis, mesamem ki msjavrdebulis roli moirgos. am moswavleebs Tqvengan winaswar unda hqondeT informacia „procesze“ gansaxilveli Temis/situaciis Sesax-eb. „procesisTvis“ aseve saWiro iqneba mosamarTle da nafici msajulebi. am ukanasknelTa rolebi klasis danarCen moswavleebs SeuZliaT moirgon.

am aqtivobis efeqturoba didad aris damokidebuli imaze, ramdenad dramatuli SemTxveva iqneba gansasjelad gamotanili. am tipis sadisku-

87

sio Temebi mravlad moipoveba veb-gverdze: http://www.justiceharvard.org/. aRniSnul veb-gverdze harvardis universitetis profesori m. sendeli arCevs sxvadasxva SemTxvevebs. magaliTad, sasamarTlo procesisTvis erT-erTi Tema aseTi SeiZleba iyos: `rogor unda moiqces adamiani, Tu is iseT situaciaSi aRmoCndeba, rom erTi adamianis mkvlelobiT xuTi sxva adamianis sicocxlis xsnis saSualeba eqneba?~

sasamarTlo procesi nafic msajulTa verdiqtiT dasruldeba. Tumca Semdeg sasurvelia moswavleebs auxsnaT, ramdenad sworad gaerkvnen isini mocemul situaciaSi.

aqtivobis savaraudo Sedegebi:aqtivoba gazrdis moswavleTa enTuziazms; igi saSualebas mogcemT

samoqalaqo ganaTlebis TvalsazrisiT mniSvnelovan Rirebulebebsa da sakiTxebze yvelasTvis saintereso formiT imsjeloT. amgvari imita-cia, SesaZloa, damatebiTi motivaciis wyaro gaxdes moswavleebis mier sasamarTlo sistemis an calkeuli sakanonmdeblo dokumentebis Sesaxeb meti codnis SesaZenad.

aqtivoba №28skolebSi samoqalaqo ganaTlebis swavlebis procesis gasamraval-

ferovneblad kargi iqneba, Tu farTod gamoiyenebT multimedia saSuale-bebs. am formiT miwodebuli masala moswavleebze, Cveulebriv, dauviwyar STabeWdilebas axdens. samoqalaqo ganaTlebis swavlebis procesSi gansa-kuTrebiT farTodaa gavrcelebuli mxatvruli Tu dokumenturi filme-bisa da socialuri reklamis gamoyeneba. qvemoT moyvanili ocdamerve, ocdamecxre da ocdameaTe aqtivobebi swored am komponentebis gamoy-enebiT dagegmil aqtivobebs warmoaCens.

aqtivobis aRwera:mieciT moswavleebs davaleba − uyuron films „amistadi“ (inglisur

da rusul enebze filmi xelmisawvdomia saitze http://www.allmovies.ge/ge/#movie/AIDII ). Tuki skolaSi amis dro da saSualeba moinaxeba, kargi iqneba, Tu films moswavleebTan erTad pedagogic uyurebs.

realur movlenebze dafuZnebuli filmi afrikeli monebis Sesaxeb mogviTxrobs, romlebic ajanyebis Sedegad monebiT movaWreTa gems dai-kaveben da samSobloSi dabrunebas Seecdebian. mas Semdeg, rac xelisu-fleba xomalds daibrunebs, monebs aSS–Si gzavnian, sadac isini, mkvle-lobis braldebiT, cixeSi xvdebian. iwyeba sasamarTlo procesi, romelic mTeli qveynis yuradRebis centrSi moeqceva da amerikuli sasamarTlo sistemisTvis namdvil gamowvevad iqceva.

filmSi wamoWrili problemebi erTmniSvnelovnad exmianeba erovnuli saswavlo gegmiT gaTvaliswinebuli samoqalaqo ganaTlebis sagnobrivi programis Temebs. is saukeTeso saSualebas mogcemT adamianis uflebebis, samarTlebrivi saxelmwifos, xelisuflebis danawilebisa da sxva sakiTx-ebis Sesaxeb moswavleTa mier filmis naxvisas aRZruli STabeWdilebebis fonze imsjeloT. Tumca mxolod pedagogis monologi am SemTxvevaSi sakmarisi ar iqneba.

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filmis yurebis Semdeg moswavleebs unda daavaloT werilobiT, eses saxiT, Camoayalibon TavianTi STabeWdilebebi an pasuxi gascen Semdeg SekiTxvebs:

a) Tqveni azriT, ratom SemogTavazes sayureblad filmi „amistadi“?

b) daasaxeleT sami arsebiTi momenti, romelic filmidan dagamaxsovr-daT;

g) Tqveni azriT, ratom aris principuli filmis mTavari gmirebisTvis afrikeli monebis dacva?

d) ra pozicias daikavebdiT, filmSi warmodgenili XIX saukunis sa-samarTlo procesis Tanamedrove rom yofiliyaviT? pasuxi daas-abuTeT;

e) Tqveni azriT, ramdenad aqtualuria filmSi warmodgenili proble-mebi Tanamedrove sazogadoebisTvis?

moswavleTa mier warmodgenili pasuxebi sajarod waikiTxeT da moswav-leTa ganmaviTarebeli SefasebisTvis gamoiyeneT. gansakuTrebuli ganx-ilvis sagnad aqcieT erTmaneTisagan mkveTrad gansxvavebuli poziciebis mqone Txzulebebi.

aqtivobis savaraudo Sedegebi: mxatvruli filmebis yurebisa da ganxilvis saswavlo praqtikaSi dan-

ergva, garda imisa, rom saSualebas mogcemT efeqturad miawodoT mos-wavleebs saswavlo programiT gaTvaliswinebuli masala, maT Sualedur SefasebaSic dagexmarebaT. am TvalsazrisiT, filmis Sesaxeb moswavleTa mier dawerili gamoxmaurebebi friad saWiro informaciis momcemi iqneba.

aqtivoba №29

aqtivobis aRwera:socialuri reklama kargi saSualebaa imisaTvis, rom moswavleebs la-

konurad mivawodoT informacia da mniSvnelovan sakiTxebze dafiqrebis saSualeba mivceT1. Tumca misi gamoyenebis procesSi unda gvaxsovdes, rom es aris swavlebis specifikuri (da interaqtiuli) meTodi, da ara ubral-od reklamis Cveneba. Sesabamisad, mas specialuri momzadeba sWirdeba. kerZod, pirvel rigSi saWiroa moswavleebs avuxsnaT socialuri rekla-mis arsi da misi saswavlo resursad gamoyenebis specifika; Semdeg ki wi-naswar unda ganvusazRvroT davalebebi, romlebsac socialuri reklamis gamoyenebiT mivcemT.

1 qarTul enaze socialuri reklamebi SegiZliaT moiZioT google.com -isa da youtube.com-is msgavs Ria veb-gverdebze. aseTia magaliTad, http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bX-RPWDpobtA an http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NF7EkgAY_E0. qarTul enaze adaptirebuli socialuri reklamebi mravlad aris Seqmnili Cexuri organizaciis „adamiani gaWirveba-Si“ - mier. isini, saxelmZRvanelosTan erTad, xelmisawvdomia veb-gverdebze: www.pin.ge www.caucadoc.com. wignisa da filmebis miReba SeiZleba misamarTze: q. Tbilisi, S.dadian-is q. N8; q. quTaisi, m. broses q. N7. msgavs Ria veb-gverdebze. aseTia, magaliTad, http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bXRPWDptA an http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NFZEkgAY EO.

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socialuri reklamis yurebis Semdeg kargi iqneba, Tu moswavleebs sTxovT, upasuxon Semdeg kiTxvebs:

a) Tqveni azriT, risi Tqma surdaT am socialuri reklamis Semqmnelebs? b) CamoTvaleT Temebi, romelTa gaSlac, Tqveni azriT, socialuri

reklamis formatSi SeiZleba.

Tumca socialur reklamebze muSaobisas unda gvaxsovdes, rom is xSi-rad adamianebis Sexedulebebze, Rirebulebebsa da damokidebulebebze axdens gavlenas, amdenad, sasurvelia, sajarod ar SeafasoT moswavleTa pasuxebi.

kargi iqneba, Tu gakveTils ise dagegmavT, rom socialur reklamas sxva saswavlo aqtivobebTan paralelur reJimSi warmoadgenT.

aqtivobis savaraudo Sedegebi: socialuri reklamebis analizi moswavleebs socialur garemoSi

problemis aRmoCenisa da misi gadaWris gzebis Ziebis unars ganuviTarebs. is, SesaZloa, maTTvis konkretuli proeqtisTvis ideis mimwodebelic aR-moCndes. es ki, bunebrivia, skolebSi proeqtuli swavlebis danergvas Seu-wyobs xels.

aqtivoba №30 aqtivobis aRwera: dokumenturi filmi samoqalaqo ganaTlebis saswavleblad Zalze

efeqturi saSualebaa, radgan igi realuri adamianebis istorias asaxavs. is SeiZleba stimuladac iqces konkretuli sakiTxis an problemis gada-saWrelad. Tumca misi praqtikaSi gamoyeneba rigi garemoebebis gaTval-iswinebas moiTxovs. upirveles yovlisa, mniSvnelovania dokumenturi filmis sworad SerCeva. SerCeuli filmi unda iyos Zalze konkretuli Tematikis Sesabamisi da mnaxvels kritikuli SeniSvnebis gakeTebis sa-Sualebas aZlevdes. mniSvnelovania isic, rom filmis xangrZlivoba 30 wuTs ar aRematebodes, raTa darCenili dro gakveTilze filmis Semdgom aqtivobebs – mis asaxvas, diskusiasa da Sejamebas daeTmos.

nimuSi: dokumenturi fil-mi `bristolis velosipedebis proeqti~, alister oldmeni/in-glisi/2009/17wT. filmis naxva Se-giZliaT veb-gverdze http://caucadoc.com/ka/in-schools-geo/.

filmis Sinaarsi:bristolis velosipedebis pro-

eqti iTvaliswinebs sazogadoebi-sagan Zveli da usargeblo velo-sipedebis Segrovebas. Semdgom am velosipedebs SeakeTeben da gadas-

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cemen politikur devnilebs da TavSesafris maZieblebs. es, erTi mxriv, raRac stimuli, xolo, meore mxriv, satransporto saSualebaa siR-aribis zRvarze myofi adamianebisaTvis. velosipedis qona mcire Tav-isuflebas aniWebs adamianebs im yofaSi, sadac arCevanis Zalze mcire saSualeba arsebobs (wyaro: festivali `erTi msoflio~, adamiani gaW-irvebaSi).

asaxva / msjelobasTxoveT moswavleebs 5 wuTSi, bevri fiqris gareSe gipasuxon Sem-

deg kiTxvaze: warmoidgineT, rom uecrad saxlis datoveba giwevT didi xniT; CamowereT 5 ram, rasac Tan waiRebdiT da 5 ram, rac mogenatrebaT saxlis datovebis SemTxvevaSi. ganixileT da SeajameT moswavleTa pa-suxebi. SegiZliaT, aseve, klasSi Semdegi aqtivoba ganaxorcieloT:

aqtivobis aRwera:SearCieT erTi moxalise, vinc datovebs oTaxs, Tan auxseniT klass aq-

tivobis Sinaarsi. gareT gasuli moxalise ganasaxierebs devnils, romel-ic unda ewvios eqims sxva qveyanaSi. man ar icis adgilobrivi ena, miuxeda-vad amisa, man unda Seavsos forma (samuSao furceli). es forma Sedgenilia misTvis gaugebari eniT. yvela, visac devnili (moxalise) dasaxmareblad mimarTavs, mas ucxo enaze esaubreba. Semdeg klasma unda ganasaxieros situacia. ara aqvs mniSvneloba, rogor damTvardeba aRniSnuli roluri TamaSi, mTavaria asaxvis ganxorcieleba. klasi Cautarebs moxalise-mi-grants egreT wodebul gamokiTxva-intervius. monawileebi SeekiTxebi-an mas, ras grZnobda, rogor gadaWra problema da a.S. mTeli aqtivobis ganmavlobaSi maswavlebeli asrulebs xelmZRvanelisa da regulatoris movaleobas. aRniSnuli scenis gansaxireba, savaraudod, efeqturi unda gamodges.

aqtivobis ganxorcielebis Semdeg monawileebs sTxoveT daasaxelon sxva problema an barieri, romelic SesaZloa migrants an devnils Sexvdes axal qveyanaSi, aseve warmoadginon situacia, rodesac es SeiZleba moxdes (enobrivi barieri, TavSesafris gamoyofasTan dakavSirebuli probleme-bi, adgilobrivi mosaxleobis undobloba, cudi ekonomikuri mdgomareo-ba arastabiluri samuSaos gamo, binis problemebi, rasobrivi diskrimina-cia da a. S.).

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bibliografia

Arthur J. Davies I., Citizenship Education, 2008;

Arthur, J., Davison, J. and Stow, W., Social Literacy, Citizenship and the National Curriculum, London: Routledge 2000;

COMPASS A manual on human rights education with young people. Council of Europe, May 2002~Civic Engagement.” In Encyclopedia of the American High School, edited by Kathryn Borman, Spencer Cahill, and Bridget Cotner. New York: Greenwood Publishing By Dan W. Butin

Davies I., 100 + IDEASFOR TEACHING CITIZENSHIP, London 2011

Guidelines on human rights education for secondary school systems, OSCE/ODIHR 2012

Performance Assessment and Portfolios in Civics and Economics Teacher’s Guide New Hanover County Schools © 2007

Scott D, Lawson H., Citizenship Education and the Curriculum Westport, CT 2002

Section for Humanistic, Cultural and International Education Paris, August 1997

Study on Active Citizenship Education DG Education and Culture, Final Report submitted by GHK February 2007

Tudor, R., Practical resources for Teaching Citizenship in Secondary Classrooms, London: David Fulton. (2002)

http://www.mes.gov.ge/content.php?id=3929&lang=geo 2011–2016 wlebis erov nuli saswavlo gegma

http://www.hrusa.org/default.htm Human Rights Resource Center