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indekiler:

Cevap Kad

Deneme Snav

Cevap Anahtar

Snavn Yabanc Kelimeleri

Uyarlar:

1. Bu testte 80 soru vardr. Bu sorular iin toplam 3 saat (180 dakika) sreayrlmtr.

2. Soru trlerine ait giri ve k saatleri, snavn sabah 9:30 - 12:30 arasnda

uygulanaca varsaylarak belirlenmitir. Soru trlerine giri ve ksaatlerini, snava baladnz saati esas alarak deitirebilirsiniz.

3. Dzeyinizi tam olarak belirlemek istiyorsanz, snav tek bir oturumdauygulaynz.

4. nerilen sreleri amaynz.

5. Bir soru zerindeki deerlendirmenizi bitirdikten sonra, o soruya tekrardnmeyiniz.

6. Sorularnza verdiiniz cevaplar daha sonra deitirmeyiniz.

7. Cevabn iki seenee kadar indirgediiniz sorularda, size gre doru

kma ihtimali zayf olan seenei iaretleyiniz.

w w w . b a d e m c i . c o m

DS DENEME SINAVISALIK BLMLER - 11

A

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CEVAP KAIDI


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SALIK BLMLER - 11A


- 1 -


1. - 18. sorularda, cmlede bo braklanyerlere uygun den szck ya da ifadeyibulunuz.

Balang saati : 09:30Biti saati : 09:48Toplam sre : 18 dakika

1. The ---- of lactose intolerance varies widelyamong ethnic groups, indicating that the traitis genetically determined.

A) conversion B) prevalence

C) recession D) notice

E) supply

2. Some evidence suggests that weight trainingcan raise HDL if undertaken regularly, butfrequent and sustained aerobic activity maybe more ---- in lowering LDL and raising HDL.

A) tentative B) irrelevantC) factual D) effective

E) protective

3. The army psychologists ---- initiatedtreatment, and so he soon regained hisconfidence as a soldier.

A) promptly B) vaguely

C) obviously D) reluctantly

E) imminently

4. Red blood cells contain haemoglobin, whichenables them to carry oxygen from the lungsand ---- it to all par ts of the body.

A) contribute B) organize

C) deliver D) transform

E) guide

5. When someone chokes on food, it is becausethe food has slipped into the air passage and---- breathing.

A) given in B) kept on

C) set out D) switched off

E) cut off

6. The vitamin portion of a coenzyme allows achemical reaction to ---- , while the remainingportion of t he coenzyme binds to theenzyme.

A) put on B) get off

C) catch up D) take place

E) settle down

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7. In a study carried out over a period of sixmonths, researchers ---- that smoking---- far more heart attacks thanhaemochromatosis.

A) have found / had caused

B) had found / has caused

C) found / caused

D) find / could have caused

E) would have found / causes

8. Alcohol ---- every organ of the body, but themost dramatic evidence of its disruptivebehaviour ---- in the liver.

A) affected / has appeared

B) affects / appears

C) is affecting / appeared

D) had affected / would appear

E) has affected / had appeared

9. Although constipation usually ---- lifestylehabits, in some cases it may be a side effectof medication or may reflect a medicalproblem such as tumours that ---- thepassage of waste.

A) had reflected / obstruct

B) has reflected / obstructed

C) reflected / had obstructed

D) will reflect / have obstructed

E) reflects / are obstructing

10. Indeed, some studies ---- that taking theglycemic effect into account in meal planning---- a practical way to improve glucosecontrol.

A) have shown / is

B) show / was

C) had shown / had been

D) showed / will be

E) could show / has been

11. Of every 10,000 children born in the US,almost 7 ---- from health problems becausetheir mothers -- -- alcohol during pregnancy.

A) suffered / have consumed

B) were suffering / consume

C) had suffered / were consuming

D) will have suffered / will consume

E) suffer / consumed

12. People who wish to improve their athleticperformance need to be aware that it can beachieved ---- phy sical conditioning combined---- high-energy food intakes.

A) by / with B) with / for

C) in / by D) through / to

E) of / into

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13. Almost 2 million people die ---- tuberculosis(TB) each year, mostly in developingcountries lacking access ---- fast, accuratetesting technology.

A) from / at B) about / with

C) of / to D) by / in

E) with / through

14. ---- the body has manufactured antibodiesagainst a particular antigen (such as themeasles virus), it remembers how to makethem the next time it is attacked by the sameantigen.

A) Until B) Once

C) Unless D) Even though

E) Whereas

15. Some researchers believe schizophrenia is a

single disorder, ---- others believe it is asyndrome based on numerous underlyingdiseases.

A) if B) since

C) even so D) while

E) unless

16. Anyone who wonders ---- the newborn babysenses touch or experiences pain shouldwatch the babys reaction to a heel pr ick fora blood sample.

A) whereby B) whether

C) until D) in case

E) what

17. Water, indispensable and abundant, providesthe environment ---- nearly all the bodysinternal activities are conducted.

A) in which B) whose

C) wherever D) by what

E) however

18. Certain plants can help some conditions

more effectively than medical drugs, andwith significantly ---- side-effects.

A) little B) more

C) much D) fewer

E) any

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19. - 23. sorularda, aadaki paradanumaralanm yerlere uygun denszck ya da ifadeyi bulunuz.


Older people suffer more broken bones thanyounger people because the mass andstrength of bones decrease with age. Thereis no single reason why this occurs, or whysome individuals and populations are more(19) ---- t han others. Like other complextraits, age-related changes in bones result(20) ---- interactions between environmentaland genetic factors. Scientists have linkedchanges in bone strength to (21) ---- in

physical activity, the levels of dietarycalcium and vitamin D, and alcohol andtobacco use. However, among (22) ---- ,physical activity is the variable (23) ---- likelyto account for the geographic heterogeneityin the incidence of fractures.

19.

A) c onsiderate B) equal

C) sensible D) negligible

E) vulnerable

20.

A) to B) of

C) from D) over

E ) at

21.

A) circulations B) settlements

C) v ariations D) tendencies

E) similarities

22.

A) these B) that

C) which D) whom

E) this

23.

A) how B) as

C) such D) so

E) most

24. - 35. sorularda, verilen cmleyi uygunekilde tamamlayan ifadeyi bulunuz.

Balang saati : 09:53

Biti saati : 10:10Toplam sre : 17 dakika

24. Although AIDS still has no cure, ---- .

A) the devastating effects of HIV infectionseemed unstoppable

B) remarkable progress has been made inunderstanding and treating HIV infection

C) a specific dietary strategy for the treatment ofthe disease has not been devised

D) the severity of wasting may determine theduration of s urvival

E) the causes of malnutrition and wasting in HIVinfection are related to the disease itself

25. If a child has the potential for cardiovasculardisease, ---- .

A) this article focuses on efforts to preventchildhood obesity and cardiovascular disease

B) most people consider cardiovascular diseaseto be an adult disease

C) obesity in children affects these changes

D) poor health choices, such as poor diet, willcause the dis ease itself to develop

E) questions arose about the extent to whichgenetics is in volved in the risk ofcardiovascular disease

26. By comparing urinary creatinine excretion tostandards for sex and height, ---- if musclemass is adequate or depleted.

A) it is concludedB) it has been understood

C) one can determine

D) the physician can assume

E) we are convinced

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27. Just as the human mind allows a person todevelop a concept of intellectual self,---- .

A) each cell in a persons body has molecules onits surf ace that are unique to that specificperson

B) the function of the immune system is todefend the body against invaders

C) virtually any organ can be attacked by theimmune system, including the kidneys, lungs,heart and brain

D) the immune system provides a concept ofbiological self

E) the immune system is composed of cells andsoluble substances

28. Once people have been diagnosed withcancer, ---- .

A) therapists could have used relaxationmethods to assist them in coping with someof the negative aspects of cancer treatments

B) they can affect their survival time by adaptinga fighting spirit, having strong emotional andsocial support or attending group counsellingsessions

C) attempts by their partners to protect themfrom the reality of their illness were nothelpful

D) at least half of those treated with

chemotherapy had experienced nausea,fatigue, depression, sleep problems and lossof appetite

E) family history and ethnic background arefactors in many types of c ancer

29. Because the visual system is notwell-developed at birth, -- -- .

A) newborn babies ability to change focus islimited and they are very nearsighted

B) a nearsighted adult with 20/30 vision will beable to see at 20 feet

C) newborn infants can distinguish the sound ofthe human voice from other sounds

D) developmental psychologists would havedesigned some ingenious procedures to studythe mental capacities of young infants

E) parents noticed with delight that the baby hadbegun to make eye contact

30. Imitation is a very important means ---- .

A) that the mirror neuron system serves as abridge in this process

B) though lacoboni and his group used functionalmagnetic resonance imaging to observe thebrains of human subjects

C) in which both activities triggered the inferiorfrontal gyrus of the brain

D) from which scientists can derive evidenceabout gene function

E) by which we learn and transmit skills,language and culture

31. Most researchers find the new method ofgenerating human embryonic stem cellspromising, ---- .

A) even if they held the possibility ofregenerating body parts

B) as it might lead to new and possibly betterstem cell lines

C) so that stem cells can become any other kindof cell

D) if this had led to healthier children

E) since this procedure was introduced morethan a decade ago

32. ---- , analysts had to rely on a more primitiveurine screen for this pur pose.

A) Unless drugs opened the way to a bettersystem

B) Although an athlete could beat the test byingesting artificial testosterone throughout thetesting period

C) If later screens for testosterone levelsmatched the preliminary results

D) Only if the body were able to maketestosterone from an artificial c ompound

E) Before the carbon isotope ratio (CIR) urinetest became standard protocol for testingathletes for doping

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33. The vast majority of smoking-related cancerdeaths are from lung cancer ---- .

A) although smoking may also be responsible fordeaths from cancers of the lip, pharynx,pancreas, trachea and kidney

B) because the rate of smoking in the US hasslowly declined since the mid-1960s,especially among men

C) but weight gain would have been quite modestfor most people who had stopped smoking

D) if group counselling had been successf ul inhelping people to quit smoking

E) even if many nonsmokers find the smoke ofothers to be a nuisance and even irritating totheir eyes and nose

34. A person with leukemia has an unusuallyhigh number of leukocytes, ---- .

A) since it is usually fatal unless treated

B) although cancerous cells grow uncontrollably

C) most of which do not function normally

D) that is, cancer of the white blood cells

E) whereas, in some cases, they do not respondto the standard treatments

35. Hypnosis was first used as a surgicalanaesthetic in India in 1845, ---- .

A) if doctors had used hypnosis for patients whoare allergic to anaesthetics

B) since hypnotised patients will recover morequickly, with less pain and with fewer side

effectsC) although hypnosis as an alternative to

sedation is making a comeback in theoperating room

D) but it was quickly abandoned with theintroduction of ether the following year

E) even if studies using advanced scanningtechnology have shed new light on howhypnosis works to block pain

36. - 38. sorularda, verilen ngilizcecmleye anlamca en yak n Trke cmleyibulunuz.


36. Although many forms of therapy have beentried, none has been able to prevent th edisease from progressing.

A) Pek ok tedavi biimi denenmi olmasnaramen, hibiri hastaln il erlemesiniengelleyememitir.

B) Uygulanan tedavi yntemlerinden hibirihastaln arlamas n engelleyemedi.

C) Pek ok tedavi yntemi var, ancak hibiri

hastaln ilerlemesini tam olarakdurduramyor.

D) Farkl bir tedavi yntemi bulunsa da hastalnyaylmas hibir zaman engellenemez.

E) Hastaln ilerlemesini durdurmak iin baztedavi biiml eri denenmesine ramen baarlolunamad .

37. People who do not consume milk products orother calcium-rich foods that provide evenhalf of the recommended calcium amountmay benefit from calcium supplements.

A) St rnleri ya da kalsiyum ynnden zengindier besinleri tketmeyenler nerilenkalsiyum miktarnn ancak yarsnalabildiklerinden kalsiyum desteindenyararlanabilirler.

B) Tavsiye edilen kalsiyum miktarnn yarsnbile kar layacak miktarda st r nleri ya dakalsiyum bakmndan zengin dier besinleritketmeyen insanlar kalsiyum desteindenyararlanabilirler.

C) Tavsiye edilen kalsiyum miktarnn yarsnkar layacak kadar kalsiyum desteinden

yararlanan insanlar s t rnleri ve kalsiyumynnden zengin dier besinleritketmeyebilirler.

D) nerilen kalsiyum miktarnn yarsnkar lasa da kalsiyum desteinden yararlananinsanlar st rnl eri ve kalsiyum bakmndanzengin dier besinleri de tketmelidirler.

E) Kalsiyum desteinden yararlanan insanlar,tavsiye edilen kalsiyum miktarnn ancakyarsn kar layabilecek miktarda st rnleriya da kalsiyum bakmndan zengin dierbesinleri tketenlerdir.

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38. If a person has a family history of a certaindisease, it is a powerful indicator of his/hertendency to contract that disease.

A) Bir hastaln aile iindeki yks, kiinin buhastala yakalanma eilimini ortaya koyan engl belirtidir.

B) Bir ailedeki bireylerin hastalk ykleri, oailedeki bireylerin hastala yakalanmaeilimini ortaya koyar.

C ) K iinin belirli bir hastalia yakalanma eilimi,en doru biimde, ailesinin hastalkyksnden belirlenebilir.

D ) K iinin belirli bir hastala yakalanmaeiliminin en gl belirtisi, o hastaln aileyksdr.

E) Kiinin belirli bir hastalkla ilgili aile yksvarsa bu, onun o h astala yakalanmaeiliminin gl bir gstergesidir.

39. - 41. sorularda, verilen Tr ke cmleyeanlamca en yak n ngilizce cmleyibulunuz.


3 9. Yllarca, gelimi pek ok lkede balcalm nedeni, genellikle kardiyovasklerhastal klar olarak bilinen kalp ve damarhastal klar olmutur.

A) Over the years, it has generally been knownthat among the major causes of death in mostdeveloped countries is cardiovasculardisease, which refers to diseases of the heartand blood vessels.

B) Generally, diseases of the heart and bloodvessels, which for many years were known ascardiovascular disease, have been among themain causes of death in various developedcountries.

C) Cardiovascular disease, which as a whole

includes the major diseases of the heart andblood vessels, has over the years been theusual cause of death in a number ofdeveloped countries.

D) For years, the major cause of death in manydeveloped countries has been diseases of theheart and blood vessels, generally known ascardiovascular disease.

E) Numerous diseases of the heart and bloodvessels, which are as a whole calledcardiovascular disease, have for years beenthe most common cause of death indeveloped countries.

40. Yiyeceklerdeki iyot miktar deikendir vegenellikle, bitkilerin yetitii veyahayvanlarn zerinde otlad topraktakimiktar yanstr.

A) The amount of iodine contained in foodsvaries s ignificantly and depends on the

amount in the soil, needed for th e growth ofplants or the grazing of animals.

B) Foods contain various amounts of iodine, andthese are usually related to the amount in thesoil used for plant cu ltivation and animalgrazing.

C) The amount of iodine in foods is variable andgenerally reflects the amount in the soil inwhich plants are grown or on which animalsgraze.

D) The soil in which plants are grown or onwhich animals graze usually contains thesame amount of iodine as found in variousfoods.

E) The amount of iodine which is contained inthe soil used for the cultivation of plants orthe grazing of animals is, on the whole,reflected by the amount of iodine in f oods.

41. Mikroskop altnda incelenmek zere ine ileal nm karacier dokusu rnei ierenkaracier biyopsisi, vakalarn yalnizca% 75i kadar nda tany dorular.

A) A liver biopsy, which is carried out by theremoval with a needle of a sample of livertissue for microscopic examination, isindispensable for a reliable diagnosis in 75%of cases.

B) About 75% of cases can be definitivelydiagnosed through a liver biopsy, whichinvolves the removal by needle of a sample ofliver tissue f or examination under amicroscope.

C) The diagnosis of about 75% of cases can beconfirmed through a liver biopsy, which isperformed with the removal of a sample ofliver tissue f or microscopic examination.

D) A liver biopsy, in which a sample of livertissue is removed by needle for examinationunder a microscope, confirms the diagnosis inonly about 75% of cases.

E) In about 75% of cases, the diagnosis isconfirmed by means of a liver biopsy, which isperformed by removing with a needle asample of liver tissue for examination.

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- 8-

42. - 46. sorularda, bo braklan yere,parada anlam btnln salamak iingetirilebilecek cmleyi bulunuz.


42. Alcohol is rich in energy (7 kcalories pergram), but, as in pure sugar or fat, th ekcalories are empty of nutrients. ---- . Thismeans that the more alcohol people drink,the less likely it is that they will eat enoughfood to obtain adequate nutrients.

A) Thus, the more kcalories provided by alcohol,the less n utritious food is normally eaten

B) Alcohol in heavy doses is not efficiently

metabolised, generating more heat than f atC) Most dramatic, however, is alcohols effect on

the B vitamin folate

D) The combination of poor folate status andalcohol consumption has, as a result, beenimplicated in promoting colorectal cancer

E) Generally, moderate drinkers consume alcoholas added energy - on top of their normal foodintake

43. The pharmaceutical industry is particularlyinterested in new substances that couldmask unpleasant flavours. ---- . Andchronically ill people, such as AIDS patients,who have to force down many unpleasanttablets daily, would greatly appreciate moreagreeable formulations.

A) Such a quality might prove undesirable forsweets or soda

B) The idea of a bitter-blocker has still to betested

C) Flavour-optimised drugs would be especially

valuable for treating children, who oftenrefuse to swallow nasty-tasting syrups

D) Nutritionists want to know how much thesechoices could affect the health of individuals

E) W idespread use could possibly undermine anatural protective function

44. The main diagnostic signs of autism aresocial isolation, lack of eye contact, poorlanguage capacity and absence of empathy.---- . Many people with autism, for instance,have trouble understanding metaphors; theyalso have difficulty mimicking other peoples

actions.A) It would be premature to conclude that

damage to the cerebellum is the s ole cause ofthe disorder

B) Other, less well-known symptoms, however,are also commonly evident

C) Some researchers posit that the mainabnormality in autism is a deficit in the abilityto construct a theory of other minds

D) Certain brain cells are often referred to asmotor-command neurons

E) Still, children with autism do havecharacteristic abnormalities in the cerebellum

45. A pregnant woman should participate inlow-impact activities and avoid sports inwhich she might fall or be hit by other peopleor objects. ---- . Swimming is also idealbecause it allows the body to remain cooland move freely with the waters support.

A) It also maintains the habits that help a womanlose excess weight and get back into shapeafter birth

B) In general, the more weight a woman gainsbeyond what she needs for pregnancy, themore she will retain

C) Women who begin their pregnancy at ahealthy weight need to gain about 30 pounds,which covers the growth and development ofthe placenta, uterus, blood, breasts and infant

D) Several of these guidelines have been aimedat preventing dehydration

E) For example, a daily walk is always beneficial

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46. The liver has primary responsibility fordetoxifying alcohol. ---- . Cancer is morelikely to occur in cirrhotic livers than inhealthy ones, but alcohol abusers are likelyto die of a variety of causes before livercancer develops.

A) An excessive intake of alcohol often leads tocirrhosis of the liver, a degenerative diseasethat limits the organs effectiveness

B) This evidence indicates that high levels ofalcohol consumption are related to variouskinds of cancer

C) For cancers of all sites, alcohol is not asstrong a risk f actor as either smoking or animprudent diet

D) Recent research has found a synergisticeffect between alcohol and tobacco

E) Pancreatic cancer has a special affinity toalcohol consumption

47. - 51. sorularda, kar lkl konuman nbo brak lan ksm n tamamlayabilecekifadeyi bulunuz.


47. Margaret : Have you read this article about the1987 nuclear contaminationincident in Goiania, Brazil?

Henry : ----

Margaret: Well, apparently some people foundan abandoned radiation-therapymachine and opened it up. Manypeople were contaminated and 4eventually died.

Henry : Thats terrible! The machine shouldhave been disposed of safely.

A) W hy did you read the article?B) Not yet. Is it worth reading?

C) Yes, its terrible, isnt it?

D) What do you think about it?

E) No, what happened?

48. Bill : I read today about a new ty pe ofstent used to widen a patientsartery.

Jen : ----

Bill : It releases a dr ug int o the ar ter y

over several weeks which preventsexcess build-up of fibrous tissue,reducing the further narrowing ofthe artery.

Jen : T hat sounds like a pr omisingdevelopment.

A) I think many doctors are too quick to insertstents. They should fir st try medication toreduce clogging in the patients arteries.

B) How does it differ from other stents?

C) Doctors say that coronary stents haverevolutionized patient care.

D) Patients with clogged coronary arteriesalways used to undergo bypass surgery.

E) Have you ever recommended this procedure?

49. Tracy : Heres an article about a drug trialthat went badly wrong. After testinga drug on monkeys and obtainingthe desired result, researchers went

ahead and did a trial on six humanvolunteers. Now theyre all inintensive care, and one of them isin a coma!

June : ----

Tracy : I think i ts because the humanscells reacted differently with thedrug than the monkeys cells.

A) The researchers should release the clinicaldata so that other researchers c an benefitfrom their mistake.

B) Researchers should be more careful whentesting new drugs on humans.

C) W hat do you think will happen to him?D) I wonder why the drug didnt work in the

volunteers in the same way it had worked inthe monkeys?

E) Researchers hoped that the drug would becapable of activating immune cells otherantibody-drugs could not activate.

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50. Fran : ----

Jim : Why are these studies soimportant?

Fra n : Well , sc ie nt is ts are c ompa ringmonozygotic (identical) twins with

dizygotic (fraternal) twins to see iftheir traits or behaviour areinfluenced more by their genes ortheir environment.

A) According to a recent study, fraternal twinsare no more similar than any two biologicalsiblings.

B) In the study, it has been suggested that theIQ scores of two identical twins are usuallymore closely related than those of twofraternal twins.

C) There are lots of studies recently beingcarried out on twins.

D) One can conclude from this study that

fraternal twins s hare an environment assimilar as that of identical twins.

E) That particular study concentrated onidentical twins.

51. Ar t : Did you know that as many as235,000 hospital patients in the USdie unnecessarily each year?

Ed : ----

Ar t : About 45 per cent of t he deat hs ar edue to medical errors, and the restare because of adverse reactions tomedication.

A) Wh en are you going to begin your residency?

B) I dont believe it. Where did you read that?

C) That must result in a lot of malpracticelawsuits.

D) I think there must be some sort of mistake inthat article.

E) Thats a staggering number! W hat causesthem?

52. - 56. sorularda, cmleler s rasylaokunduunda parann anlambtnln bozan cmleyi bulunuz.


52. (I) According to a recent study, depressedwhite girls are more likely to grow out oftheir problems than black girls are. (II) Whiteteens become less depressed as theyapproach early adulthood. (III) Factors suchas social class and par ental separationshould not be overlooked. (IV) Thedepression rate among blacks, however,remains steady. (V) This appears to belargely the result of poorer health care and

lack of insurance.A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

53. (I) According to recent data, doctorssometimes misdiagnose migraines as sinusheadaches. (II) Migraines are an inheritedform of recurring headaches. (III) Thisconfusion in diagnosis occurs becauseneurons in the brain stem can activate thesinuses during a migraine, causing them tosecrete a clear fluid. (IV) Yet this dischargediffers from the cloudy fluid pr oduced by asinus infection. (V) Therefore, it is advisable

for doctors t o consider migraines moreseriously and to look for clear nasalsecretions as symptoms.

A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

54. (I) Most people believe that some drugs areacceptable and ev en desirable because of themedical benefits they confer. (II) But allpsychoactive drugs - drugs that cross theblood-brain barrier and alter mentalfunctioning - are potentially harmful tohealth. (III) Even drugs that are notpsychoactive have the potential forunpleasant side effects. (IV) For a time,

cocaine was used as an anaesthetic forsurgery, especially eye surgery. (V) Forexample, antihistamines may causeconfusion, dizziness, dry mouth and blurredvision.


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55. (I) Antibiotics are drugs that disable or killinfectious microorganisms. (I I) However, fornearly every antibiotic that has beendeveloped, a resistant strain of bacteriumhas appeared within a few decades.(III) Penicillin, for example, was originally

isolated from a mould and has been widelyprescribed since the 1940s. (IV) A revolutionin human health rapidly followed itsintroduction, rendering many previously fataldiseases easily curable (such as strep throatand surgical infectious). (V) During the1950s, some doctors even predicted the endof human infectious diseases altogether.


56. (I) Of all the things we feel, none capturesour attention like pain. (II) We maysometimes be unconcerned about otherexperiences but it is hard to ignore theexperience of pain. (III) Yet for all thediscomfort it causes, we would be at risk if

we had no sense of pain. (IV) For instance, itwould be difficult for children to learn not totouch a hot stove, or to stop chewing theirtongues. (V) T hese receptors are neuronswith specialized free nerve endings.


5 dakika dinlenme aras.

Seeneklerinizi saynz.

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57. - 80. sorular

Balang saat i : 11: 00Biti saati : 12:00

Toplam sre : 60 dakika

Her bir metin ve buna ait 4 soruyucevaplamak iin toplam 10 dakika ay rnz.

57. - 60. sorular aadaki paraya grecevaplay nz.

The most common cause of cyanidepoisoning is smoke inhalation. A source tothe public is acetonitrile in the form ofartificial fingernail remover. Cyanide

poisoning pr oduces cellular hypoxia bybinding with the ferric iron of mitochondrialcytochrome oxidase, disrupting the electrontransport chain and the ability of cells to useoxygen. Patients who inhale cyanide mayrapidly develop coma, shock, seizures, lacticacidosis, and respiratory and cardiac arrest.Mild exposures following smoke inhalationare now being described. Diagnosis may bedifficult in th ese patients, and emergencyadministration of an antidote may belifesaving. Patients with smoke inhalationwho show evidence of lactic acidosis shouldbe suspected of cyanide poisoning. The bodyhas a natural enzyme, called rhodanese,

which can complex cyanide and sulfur toform mildly toxic thiocyanate. Intravenousadministration of sodium thiosulphateprovides the sulfur necessary to producethiocyanate and is relatively safe. Sodiumnitrite may also be administered, but its useis reserved for the most critical cases only,because it causes hypertension andmethemoglobinemia.

57. It is pointed out in the passage that cyanidepoisoning ---- .

A) results solely from the use of some cosmetics

such as artificial fingernail removerB) can be diagnosed very easily, but its

treatment takes a long time

C) has the potential to quickly lead to some veryserious complications

D) has no effect whatsoever on cells and theirfunctions

E) is rarely related to smoke inhalation

58. According to the passage, in very severecases of cyanide poisoning, ---- .

A) administration of sodium nitrite may berecommended

B) hypertension and methemoglobinemia cannotbe avoided

C) various kinds of antidotes can beadministered but few are reliable

D) patients should be put under constantobservation to control lactic acidosis

E) the use of sodium thiosulphate should becompletely ruled out

59. It is suggested in the passage that lacticacidosis in patients suffering from smokeinhalation ---- .

A) is the most common cause of cyanidepoisoning

B) can be eliminated through the enzyme calledrhodanese

C) can cause the formation of toxic thiocyanatein the body

D) is one of the indicators of cyanide poisoning

E) should not be taken as evidence of cyanidepoisoning

60. It is clearly emphasised in the passage thatseveral important bodily functions ---- .

A) are severely impaired as a result of cyanide

poisoningB) can be weakened through intravenous

administration of sodium thiosulphate

C) can be undermined by rhodanese unless anantidote is administered

D) depend, to a large extent, on the presence ofthiocyanate in the blood

E) are not affected by cellular hypoxia or thedisruption of the electron transport c hain

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When doctors suspect meningitis, they must

quickly determine whether it is from abacterial, viral, fungal, or other type ofinfection or from irritation caused bysomething other than an infection (forexample, a chemical). T he possible causesare many, and the treatment differs for each.The test usually used to diagnose meningitisand determine its cause is the spinal tap, orlumbar puncture. A thin needle is insertedbetween two bones in the lower spinalcolumn to withdraw a sample ofcerebrospinal fluid from an area just belowthe spinal cord. The doctor then examinesthe fluid for bacteria under a microscope andsends a sample of it to the laboratory to becultured and identified. The bacteria can betested for susceptibility to treatment withdifferent antibiotics. The sugar level, anincrease in protein, and the number and typeof white blood cells in the fluid also helpdetermine the type of infection.

61. It is mentioned in the passage that the fluidobtained from a lumbar puncture ---- .

A) always contains elevated levels of protein andwhite blood cells

B) is different from that obtained during a spinaltap

C) is examined carefully to help understand thecause of the meningitis

D) is not helpful in deciding on methods oftreatment for meningitis

E) is not a common diagnostic test for meningitis

62. It is clear from the passage that, for testingpurposes, a small amount of cerebrospinalfluid ---- .

A) can be removed from low down in the spinalcolumn

B) is not enough for an accurate diagnosis ofmeningitis

C) can be extracted once meningitis has beendiagnosed

D) should be taken but this will have no influenceon the choice of antibiotic to be used

E) should be examined only if an increase in theprotein levels is suspected

63. It is pointed out in the passage that, sincethe causes of meningitis are varied, ---- .

A) any kind of antibiotic may be used to treat anycase of meningitis

B) the treatments must also vary

C) it is virtually impossible to track down thecause in any one instance

D) irritation caused by a chemical is the mostlikely

E) the type of white blood cell determines thechoice of antibiotic

64. We see from the passage that meningitis maybe caused by ---- .

A) different antibiotics

B) cerebrospinal fluid

C) a spinal tap

D) the blood-sugar level

E) an infection or an irritation

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In dialysis with an artificial kidney, the rate

of movement of solute across the dialysingmembrane depends on four variables: theconcentration gradient of the solute betweenthe blood and the dialysing fluid, thepermeability of the membrane to the solute,the surface area of the membrane, and thelength of time that the blood and fluid remainin contact with the membrane. Thus, themaximum rate of solute transfer occursinitially when the concentration gradient isgreatest (when dialysis is begun) and slowsdown as the concentration gradient isdissipated. In a flowing system such ashaemodialysis, in which blood and dialysatefluid flow through an ar tificial kidney, the

dissipation of the concentration gradient canbe reduced, and diffusion of solute acrossthe membrane can be optimised byincreasing the flow rate of either or both theblood and dialysing fluid.

65. According to the passage, solute transfer indialysis is faster ---- .

A) than the natural kidney function

B) when the concentration gradient between theblood and dialysing f luid is diss ipated

C) when the patients own kidney is used

D) at the beginning of the process

E) when dialysis is prolonged

66. We see from the passage that thepermeability of the membrane to thesolute ---- .

A) is the most important of the variablesmentioned

B) is one of the variables that affects the speedof dialysis

C) decreases as the surface area of themembrane decreases

D) is not a factor in haemodialysis

E) is greater initially and then decreases asdialysis continues

67. It is clear from the passage that increasingthe flow rate of blood through the artif icialkidney is ---- .

A) a good way to increase the length of time theblood and fluid are in c ontact with themembrane

B) not a practical option in dialysis

C) only achieved when certain pre-conditions aremet

D) one of the ways in which dialysis can be mademore efficient

E) better than raising the rate of flow of thedialysing fluid

68. It can be understood from the passage that,as the concentration gradient between theblood and dialysing fluid is reduced, ---- .

A) the maximum rate of transfer occurs

B) the membrane slowly becomes morepermeable to the solute

C) the diffusion of solute across the membraneslows down

D) the transfer of blood and fluid across themembrane is optimised

E) an artificial kidney must be used to keep thepatient healthy

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Stimulation of several areas of the

hypothalamus in the brain causes an animalto experience extreme hunger, a voraciousappetite, and an intense desire to search forfood. The area most associated with hungeris the lateral hypothalamic area. Damage tothis area sometimes causes the animal tolose desire for food, sometimes causinglethal starvation. On the other hand, a centrein the hypothalamus that opposes the desirefor food, called the satiety centre, is locatedin the ventro medial nucleus. When thiscentre is stimulated electrically, an animalthat is eating food suddenly stops eating andshows complete indifference to food.However, if this area is destroyed bilaterally,

the animal cannot be satiated; i nstead, itshypothalamic hunger centres becomeoveractive, so that it has a voraciousappetite, resulting in tremendous obesity.

69. It is pointed out in the passage that thesatiety centre, when stimulated, causes ananimal to ---- .

A) lose interest in eating

B) have a voracious appetiteC) have an overactive hunger centre

D) have an intense desire to search for food

E) connect this stimulation directly with hunger

70. The topic of this passage is ---- .

A) the effect of the destruction of the main areasof the brain

B) the effect of brain damage on the choice offood

C) changes in the lateral hypothalamic area ofthe brain resulting from starvation

D) the stimulation of different areas of the brain

E) the hypothalamus and its relation to appetite

71. According to the passage, obesity in animalscan be caused by ---- .

A) stimulation of the ventromedial nucleus in thehypothalamus

B) a damaged lateral hypothalamic area

C) irreparable bilateral damage to theventromedial nucleus

D) over-stimulation of the satiety centre

E) the easy availability of food

72. We see from the passage that, when thelateral hypothalamic area of an animalsbrain is damaged, the animal ---- .

A) cannot control its activities

B) may starve to deathC) becomes overactive

D) is in danger of also losing the ventromedialnucleus

E) loses all sensitivity to stimulation of the brain

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The ultimate importance of the pulmonary

ventilatory system is to continually renewthe air in the gas exchange areas of thelungs, where the air is in proximity topulmonary blood. These areas include thealveoli, alveolar sacs, alveolar ducts andrespiratory bronchioles. However, duringnormal quiet respiration, the volume of air isonly enough to fill the respiratorypassageways down as far as the terminalbronchioles, with only a small portion of th einspired air actually flowing all the way tothe alveoli. Some of the molecules in theinspired air travel the final short distance tothe alveoli through diffusion, but most n everreach the gas exchange areas of the lungs,

instead going to fill respiratory passageswhere gas exchange does not occur, such asthe nose, pharynx and trachea. This air iscalled dead space air because it is not usefulfor the gas exchange process; therespiratory passages where no gas exchangetakes place are called dead space. Onexpiration, the air in the dead space isexpired first, before any of the air from thealveoli reaches the atmosphere. Therefore,the dead space does not aid in removal ofthe expiratory gases from the lungs.

73. It is clearly pointed out in the passage thatonly a small amount of the air inspiredduring normal respiration ---- .

A) reaches the atmosphere

B) is expired before the next breath is taken

C) is called dead space air

D) stays in the nose, pharynx and trachea

E) ever reaches the gas exchange areas of thelungs

74. According to the passage, dead spaceair ---- .

A) aids the gas exchange process tremendously

B) is the last to reach the atmosphere duringexpiration

C) flows all the way to the alveoli throughdiffusion

D) does not help in the expiration of gases fromthe lungs

E) is of ultimate importance in the pulmonaryventilatory system

75. It can be understood from the passage thatthe main function of the pulmonaryventilatory system is to provide ---- .

A) clean air to the pulmonary blood

B) dead space air to the gas exchange areas ofthe lungs

C) gas exchange in the dead space areas

D) atmospheric air during expiration

E) clean air to the nose, pharynx and trachea

76. It is mentioned in the passage that thealveoli, alveolar sacs, alveolar ducts andrespiratory bronchioles ---- .

A) occasionally renew the air in the gasexchange areas of the lungs

B) are the parts of the lungs that are closest topulmonary blood

C) do not receive any of the inspired air duringquiet respiration

D) are part of the dead space of the respiratorysystem

E) are outside the gas exchange areas of thelungs

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Virologist Robert Webster thinks that the

H5N1 strain of the avian influenza virusposes the most serious public health threatsince the Spanish flu pandemic of 1918,which killed an estimated 40 million to 100million people worldwide. Although the H5N1strain has so far shown no signs that it hasacquired the ability to transmit easily fromperson to person, Webster says that it isonly a matter of t ime before it does. For thatto happen, Webster and others believe that aversion of the human flu virus, which iseasily transmittable between people, and theH5N1 avian vir us would have to infect thesame mammalian cell at the same time andre-combine their DNA. If H5N1 picks up those

genes from the human flu virus that enable itto spread from person to person, Webstersays that virtually nobody will have immunityto it, and many deaths may ensue.

77. We see from the passage that although theH5N1 strain of the avian flu virus is noteasily transmitted from person to person atpresent, ---- .

A) the human flu virus is also not easilytransmittable between people

B) neither was the Spanish flu virus in 1918

C) it will probably acquire the ability to do so inthe near future

D) most people already have immunity to it

E) it is not a serious public health threat

78. It is clear from the passage that if the humanflu virus and the H5N1 strain were to infectthe same mammalian cell at the same time,---- .

A) the H5N1 strain would probably gain theability to spread between people

B) mammals would become immune to both flustrains

C) this could prove dangerous but will almostcertainly never happen

D) it would pose no danger to the public

E) the H5N1 strain would be destroyed

79. As we can infer from the passage, virologistRobert Webster thinks that ---- .

A) most humans are immune to the H5N1 avianinfluenza strain as it exists at present

B) the H5N1 strain is unlikely ever to be

transmitted between humansC) the H5N1 strain and the human flu virus could

never combine to create a stronger virus

D) the avian influenza virus will soon pose ahuge threat to humans

E) many human deaths could result from aresurgence of the Spanish flu

80. According to the passage, 40 to 100 millionpeople worldwide ---- .

A) transmit flu viruses to other people every year

B) have already died from the H5N1 strain

C) are currently infected with the H5N1 avianvirus

D) were threatened by the Spanish flu pandemic

E) died from the Spanish flu pandemic of 1918

nemli Not:

Kalan 30 dakika srenin 15 dakikasnseeneklerinizi saymak ve bo braktnzsorular, cevap kadnzda sayca en azkan seenee gre iaretlemek iin ayrnz.

Son 15 dakikalk sreyi, snavn normalsresi iinde bakamadnz sorular iin

kullanabilirsiniz. Daha nce zerindeuratnz sorulara tekrar geri dnmeyiniz.

TEST BTT !

CEVAPLARINIZI KONTROL EDNZ.

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CEVAP ANAHTARI


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DS DENEME SINAVISALIK BLMLER - 11YABANCI KELMELER

Soru 1. lactose intolerance = laktoz intlerans (doutan gelen bir bozukluk olup hasta st

ve st rnlerini sindiremez)vary = eitlilik gstermek, farkllk gstermek, dei(tir)mek, eitlen(dir)mek,change, differ, alter, zt anl.= remain, stayethnic = etnik (rkla ilgili, rksal zelliklerle ilgili)indicate =iaret etmek, gstermek, point to, denotetrait = zellikconversion = dnmprevalence = (hastaln) yaygnl,pervasivenessrecession = (zellikle ekonomide) durgunluk

Soru 2. sustained = srdrlen, belli bir sklkla, ara vermeden yaplan, continued, constant,zt anl= temporary

tentative = geici, kesin olmayan, (tavr ve davran iin) temkinli, temporary,unconfirmedirrelevant =konu d, alakasz, ilgisiz, unrelated, inappropriate, zt anl.= relevantfactual = gerek olaylara dayanan, somut, based on fact, zt anl.=fictional

Soru 3. initiate =balatmak, start, launch, pioneer, zt anl.= complete, terminateconfidence = gven, itimat, trust, zt anl.= distrustpromptly =abucak, hzla, kolayca, rapidly, easily, readily, zt anl.= slowly, latevaguely = tam anlamn vermeyecek ekilde, belli belirsiz, ambiguously, zt anl.=clearly, explicitlyreluctantly = isteksizce, gnlszce, unwillingly, zt anl.= willingly, eagerlyimminently = tehdit ederek

Soru 4. contribute = katkda bulunmak, support, helpdeliver =teslim etmek, vermek, brakmak, datmak, mesaj iletmek, transfer, handover, distribute, zt anl.= keep, retaintransform (into) = dntrmek, deitirmek, change, convert, zt anl.= preserve

Soru 5. choke on = (boaz) tka(n)mak, boazna bir ey kamakslip into = (grtlaa, gze, kulaa, odaya vs.) (yemek, su, toz, bcek vs.) kamas /girmesigive in =yenilmek, teslim olmak, surrender, succumb, submit, zt anl.= conquer,resistkeep on =devam etmek, proceed, carry on, zt anl.= stop, cease, quitset out =balamak, yola koyulmak, begin, commence, zt anl.= stay, halt

switch off = (elektrik, lamba, dme, gaz) kapamak, zt anl.= switch oncut off = (nefes, yol) kesmek, tkamak, block

Soru 6. coenzyme = koenzim (baz enzimlerin aktivitesi iin gerekli olan organik ya damineral, kk molekl)bind (to) = bala(n)mak, fasten, attach, zt anl.= free, loosenput on =1) (elbise vs.) giymek, wear; 2) (k vs.) amak, turn on; 3) eklemek, addget off = 1) (bir tattan) inmek; 2) paay kurtarmak, (birini) cezadan kurtarmak; 3)yola k(ar)mak, yolculuu/a bala(t)makcatch up = (birinin ya da bir eyin hzna, seviyesine vs.) yetimek, draw neartake place = olmak, meydana gelmek, happen, occursettle down =uslanmak, yola gelmek, sakinlemek, calm

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Soru 7. carry out = yrtmek,yapmak, yerine getirmek, uygulamak, conduct,accomplish,fulfil, implement, performhaemochromatosis= hemokromatoz(dokularn anormal renk dalm hastal)

Soru 8. dramatic =dramatik / arpc, striking, sensational

evidence =kant, delil, proof, cluedisruptive =aksatan, kargaaya yol aan, ykc, disorderly, troublesome, chaotic, ztanl.= disciplined

Soru 9. constipation = konstipasyon (peklik, kabzlk)obstruct =engellemek, tkamak, block, impede, zt anl.= clear

Soru 10. indeed =gerekten, dorusu, certainlytake something into account= dikkate almak, hesaba katmak, gz nnde tutmak,allow forglycemic effect = glisemik etki (kandaki glkozun meydana getirdii etki)

Soru 11. consume =(yiyecek, iecek vs.) tketmek, eat, drinkSoru 12. aware = bilinli, farknda, alert, conscious, zt anl.= unconscious

achieve =baarmak, (zorlu bir uratan sonra) elde etmek, kazanmak, accomplish,zt anl.= fail, lose, quitcombine = birle(tir)mek, unite, embody, zt anl.= separateintake =alm, consumption

Soru 13. access (to) = giri, gei, eriim, (birisiyle) grme imkan, (bir eyden) faydalanmahakk veya imkan, entry, contactaccurate =doru, titiz, eksiksiz, precise, zt anl.= erroneous, inaccurate

Soru 14. antigen = antijen (vcutta baklk sisteminin harekete gemesine yol aan toksin ya

da enzim) measles = kzamk hastal

Soru 15. schizophrenia = izofreni hastalnumerous = saysz, ok, pek ok, many, several, zt anl.= fewunderlying =altnda yatan, temelindeki

Soru 16. heel prick = ineyle topuktan kan alma

Soru 17. indispensable = vazgeilmez, essential, vital, zt anl.= dispensableabundant = bol, bereketli, ample, zt anl.= scant, scarce, inadequateinternal = dahili, i, zt anl.= externalconduct = 1) yrtmek, ynetmek, uygulamak, administer, carry out, perform; 2)

iletmek, gtrmek, yn vermek, transmit, convey

Soru 18. side-effect = yan etki

19. - 23. sorular (Metinde geen yabanc kelimeler)mass = hacimstrength = g, dayankllk,power,zt anl.= weaknessage-related = yaa bal, yala ilgiliinteraction = etkileimlink =bala(n)mak, balant kurmak, birletirmek, connect, combine, zt anl.= detachvariable = deikenlikely to = olas, muhtemel, beklenenaccount for = sorumlu tutulmak, sebebi olmak

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heterogeneity = heterojenite (farkllk)incidence =tekrar oran, olu skl, insidans, occurrence, happeningfracture = krk (bir travma, osteoporoz vb. nedene bal olarak kemik btnlnnbozulmas ya da krlarak ayrlmas)

Soru 19. considerate = dnceli, saygl, thoughtful, zt anl.= inconsideratenegligible =nemsiz, yok denecek kadar az, insignificant, minor, zt anl.=considerable, significantvulnerable =saldrya / eletiriye / riske ak / maruz, susceptible, exposed, at risk, ztanl.= protected, secure

Soru 21. circulation = dolamsettlement = 1) deme, payment; 2) yerleim yeri, communityvariation = farkllk, eitliliktendency = eilim, inclinationsimilarity = benzerlik, resemblance, zt anl.= distinction

Soru 24. devastating =ykc, yok edici, harap edici, destructive, disastrous, zt anl.=constructiveremarkable = dikkate deer, olaanst, notable, extraordinary, zt anl.= ordinarydevise = tasarlamak, plan gelitirmek, dzenlemek, formulate, invent, organise,designseverity =sertlik, iddet, ciddiyet, harshness, seriousnesswasting = zayflama, kuvvetten dmeduration = sre, sreklilik, term, continuitysurvival = sa kalma, yaam srdrmemalnutrition = kt beslenme, beslenme bozukluu

Soru 25. focus on = odaklanmak, arlk vermekarise = ortaya kmak, ba gstermek,come up

extent = kapsam, oran, derece

Soru 26. urinary creatinine excretion = idrar yoluyla kreatinin maddesinin vcuttan atlmasadequate = yeterli, enough, sufficient, zt anl.= inadequatedepleted = azalm, tkenmiconclude = 1) sonu karmak, determine; 2) bitirmek, sonulandrmak, completeassume = 1) farz etmek, varsaymak, suppose; 2) (i, grev vs.) stlenmek, undertakeconvince = inandrmak, ikna etmek, persuade, talk into

Soru 27. concept = kavramintellectual self = entellektel (bilgi ve yaratclk yetenei ile ilgili) benlik / kimlikunique = bir kiiye ya da eye zg, benzersiz, esiz

invader = istilacbiological self = biyoljik benlik / kimliksoluble = znebilir, eriyebilirsubstance = madde, material, entity

Soru 28. relaxation = geveme, dinlenmecope with = baa kmak,handle, dealaspect =a, yn, bakm, perspective, featurefighting spirit = sava ruhemotional = duygusalattend = (derse, kursa vs.) katlmakattempt = deneme, giriim, teebbs, effort, trialpartner = partner (birisine elik eden kii ya da elerden biri)

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at least = en azndan, at any ratechemotherapy = kemoterapi (zellikle kanser hastalklarnda kimyasal maddelerleyaplan tedaviye verilen genel ad)nausea = bulant (noze, bulant, kusma duygusu olumas)fatigue = yorgunluk, bitkinlik

loss = (itah, kaza vs)kayp, azalmaappetite = itah

Soru 29. focus = odak noktasnearsighted = miyop (uza gremeyen)infant = infant bebek, (ilk 30 aya kadar olan bebeklik devresi)distinguish = ayrmak, ayrt etmek, recognize, identify, tell (the difference)ingenious = dahice, clevermental = mental, zihinsel (akl, bellek, bilin, ruh, zeka ile ilgili)with delight = sevinle, memnuniyetle, keyifle, with joy, with gladness, with pleasure

Soru 30. imitation = taklit, taklit etme

means =ara, vasta, yol, method, waymirror neuron = ayna nronlar (sadece insann kendi hareketlerine deil, bakainsanlarn hareketlerine de cevap / tepki veren nronlar; Kaynak= Do Dr ZuhalYapc, ocuk Nrolojisi Uzman)functionalmagnetic resonance imaging = fonksiyonel manyetik rezonansgrntlemesubject = vaka (bir almada hasta ve kontrol grubunu oluturan kiilerden her biri)trigger =tetiklemek, bir eyin nedeni olmak, harekete geirmek, balatmak, activate,cause, sparkinferior frontal gyrus = inferiyor f rontal gird (beyin frontal lobunun alt blgesinde birnokta)derive = (sonu vs)elde etmek, kartmak, tretmek, obtaingene = gen

transmit = iletmek, aktarmak, (hastalk iin) bulatrmak, carry, conveyskill = hner, beceri

Soru 31. generate = retmek,producehuman embryonic stem cell = insan embriyonu kk hcresipromising = umut verici, gelecei parlak, hopeful, bright, zt anl.= unfavourablestem cell line = kk hcre dizisi / serisidecade = on yl

Soru 32. rely on = gvenmek, bel balamak, depend, zt anl.= distrustprimitive = 1) basit, simple, 2) primitif,ilkel, uncivilisedurine screen = idrar tarama

beat = 1) (sorudaki anlam: bir testin) doru sonu vermesini engellemek, atlatmak, 2)alt etmek, overcome; 3) yenmek, malup etmek, win overingest = yemek, azdan almak, eatartificial = yapay, suni, sahte, man-made, imitation, zt anl.= real, genuinetestosterone = testesteron (erkeklik hormonu)throughout = boyunca, sresincematch = badamak, uy(u)mak, correspondpreliminary = preliminer, n, ilk, initialcompound = karm, bileimcarbon isotope ratio (CIR) = karbon izotop oranisotope = kimyasal adan benzer olmalarna ramen ekirdeklerinde farkl saydantron iermeleri nedeniyle farkl ktleye sahip nklitlerden her biriprotocol = protokol (yaplacak bir i ya da aratrma ya da ilem iin hazrlananayrntl plan, izlenecek yntem ve ilem sras)

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doping = doping (yapay olarak fizik ya da mental aktiviteyi artrmak amacylauygulanan, yasal olmayan prosedr)

Soru 33. vast majority = byk ounluklip = dudak

pharynx = farenks, yutakpancreas = pankreastrachea = trakea, nefes (soluk) borusudecline = azalmak, dmek, gerilemek, kmek, drop, decay, deteriorate, zt anl.=increase, progress, recovermodest = 1) ll, snrl, moderate, zt anl.= excessive; 2) alakgnll, gsterisiz,lml, humble, zt anl.= immodestquit = brakmak, vazgemek, leave, give up, haltnuisance = rahatszlk, rahatsz eden ey, irritation, annoyance

Soru 34. leukaemia = lsemi (kan kanseri)leukocyte = lkosit (akyuvar)

fatal = lmcl, vahim, deadly, mortalSoru 35. hypnosis = hipnoz (yapay uyku)

surgical = srjikal (cerrahi)anaesthetic = anestetik madde (uyuturucu)hypnotised = hipnotize edilmirecover = iyilemek, kendine gelmek, improve, get well, zt anl.= deterioratesedation = (yattrc bir ilala) yattrma, sakinletirmemake a comeback = (anestezi sonras) derlenme, kendine gelme, uyanmaabandon = brakmak,terk etmek, vazgemek, discontinue, stop, zt anl.= pursue,carry onether = eter (lokman ruhu)advanced scanning technology = ileri tarama teknolojisi

shed new light on = (bir eyi) yeni bir anlayla aklamak / aydnlatmak

Soru 42. kcalory = kilokaloribe empty of (something) = (bir eyden) yoksun olmak, yoksun kalmaknutrient = 1)besleyen madde; 2) yemek, gda, foodnutritious = besleyici, nourishing, wholesomemetabolise = metabolize etmek (yiyecek, mineral vs. maddeleri kimyasal ilemlervastasyla enerji ve yeni hcreler oluturmak amacyla kullanmak)B vitamin folate = folik asit (bir tr B vitamini)combination = birleme, birleim, birletirme, mixture, unification, zt anl.= dissolutionpoor folate status = folik asit yetersizliiimplicate = sorumlu saymak, ima etmek, hold responsible, allude to

promote = olumasna izin vermek, uygun ortam hazrlamakcolorectal cancer = kolorektal kanseri (kolon ve rektum kanseri)moderate = lml, ll, snrl, reasonable, zt anl.= extreme

Soru 43. pharmaceutical = farmastik (ila ya da ila yapmyla ilgili)particularly = zel olarak, zellikle, especially, specifically, zt anl.= generallymask = kamufle etmek, gizlemek, rtmek, coverunpleasant = ho olmayan, tatsz, undesirable, nasty, zt anl.= pleasant, delightfulflavour = tat, lezzet, eni, tastechronically = kronik olarak, sreenforce down = ilac yutarken zorlanmakappreciate = takdir etmek, deerini anlamak, be grateful foragreeable = 1) ho, tatl, pleasant,delightful, zt anl.= unpleasant; 2)kabul edilebilirundesirable = tatsz, istenmeyen, unwanted, zt anl.= desirable

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bitter-blocker = ac tad ortadan kaldranflavour-optimised = tad hoa giden, tatlandrlmswallow = yutmaknasty-tasting = tad berbatsyrup = urup

nutritionist = ntritiyonist (beslenme ya da gda uzman)widespread = yaygn, extensive, prevalent, zt anl.= limited, rareundermine = temelini andrmak, yava yava yok etmek, zayflatmak, weaken, ztanl.= strengthen, build up

Soru 44. autism = otizm (zellikleri arasnda fazlasyla ie kapanma, iletiim bozukluu vedikkat eksiklii bulunan bir tr psikiyatrik hastalk)social isolation = toplumdan soyutlanmaabsence of empathy = empati eksiklii (kendini karsndakinin yerine koyabilmeyetisinin eksiklii)metaphor = mecaz, benzetmemimick = taklit etme

premature = 1) zamansz, gereinden nce, early, untimely; 2) erken domu,gelimemi,olgunlamam, immature, undeveloped,unripe, zt anl.= mature,developedcerebellum = serebellum (beyincik)sole = yalnz, tek, yegane, onlydisorder = 1) hastalk, illness, zt anl.= health; 2)dzensizlik, kargaa, ailment,confusion, mess, trouble, chaos, turmoil, zt anl.= ordercommonlyevident = bir ok insan tarafndan bilinir (olmak)posit = ne srmek, varsaymak, put forward, hypothesizedeficit = ak, yetersizlik, inadequacy, shortage, zt anl.= excess, surplusconstruct = kurmak, ina etmek builda theory of other minds = (bu dnyada kendisinden) baka insanlarn olduunu veonlarn da duygu ve dncelerinin bulunduunu kabul eden kuram / teori (Otistik

kiiler bakalarn bir insan olarak alglamakta ve onlara bir insan gibi davranmaktayetersiz kaldklar iin soruda, hastaln bu ynne vurgu yaplm.)motor-command neuron = beyinden gelen emirle hareket eden nron

Soru 45. pregnant = hamileparticipate = katlmak, yer almak, take partlow-impact = (dmek, yaralanmak, bir yerini incitmek gibi) darbeler ve tehlikelerasndan daha gvenli olanexcess = arlk, fazlalk, surplus, zt anl.= shortageget back into shape = eski formuna kavumakbirth = doumbeyond what she needs for pregnancy = hamilelikte ihtiyac olandan ok daha

fazlaretain = (kilo, hak) geri vermemek, kendinde saklamakcover = kapsamak, iermek, involveplacenta = plasenta, dlei (bir ok memelinin ana rahminde bulunup cenine oksijenve besin salayan yap)uterus = uterus (rahim)breast = gsguidelines = (yol gsterici) i lkeler, kurallar, ana hatlardehydration = dehidrasyon (su kayb, susuz kalma, bir yapnn ya da organizmannsu kayb)beneficial = yararl, faydal, useful, helpful, zt anl.= useless, harmful

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Soru 46. detoxify = detoksifiye etmek (zehirlerden arndrmak)cirrhotic = sirotik (siroz ile ilgili ya da ondan ileri gelen)abuser = bir eyi ar miktarda, yksek dozda kullanan, istismarcvariety = eitlilikdegenerative = dejeneratif (bir doku veya organn zamanla yapsal veya fonksiyonel

bozulma gstermesi hali)various = eitli, miscellaneoussite = 1) blm, location; 2)inaat sahas, antiye, sit alanimprudent = sorumsuz, irresponsible, zt anl.= prudentsynergistic = sinerjiktik (sinerji ile ilgili ya da sinerji oluturan)pancreatic = pankreatik (pankreas ile ilgili)affinity = yatknlk, (bir eyin baka bir eye) benzerlii

Soru 47. contamination= (radyasyon vs. sznts nedeniyle oluan) kirlilik, kirlenme, bulamaincident = (zellkle beklenmedik ve ho olmayan) olay, event, occurrenceapparently = belli ki, grne gre, evidently, obviouslyradiation-therapy machine = radyasyon tedavi cihaz

eventually = sonunda, at last, finallydispose of = pe atmak, imha etmekworth reading = okumaya deerterrible = berbat, korkun, terrible, horrible, awful, zt anl.= beautiful, nice

Soru 48. stent = stent (genellikle tkal damarlar geniletmek iin kullanlan bir tr ince tp)artery = atardamar (kan kalpten perifere tayan damar)release = 1) (ilac bedene) yaymak; 2) (haber, bildiri vs.) basp yaymak, (film, albmvs.) piyasaya karmak, issue; 3)salvermek, kurtarmak, discharge, liberate, zt anl.=detain, imprisonbuild-up = birikme, accumulationfibrous = fibrz (lifli)promising = umut verici, gelecei parlak, hopeful, bright, zt anl.= unfavourable

insert = sokmak, (arasna) koymak, embed, implantmedication = medikasyon (tbbi tedavi)clogging = (damar) tkanma, tkanklkdiffer (from) = (bir ey)den farkl / deiik olmak, diverge from, zt anl.= conform to,resemblecoronary = koroner, kalbin etrafndaki damarlarla ilgilirevolutionize = devrim yaratmak, tamamyla deitirmekundergo = 1) (ameliyat vs.) geirmek, have; 2) (sknt, ac vs.) ekmek, experience,be subjected to; 3) (zorluk, ikence, tamirat vs.) grmek, go through, experiencebypass surgery = baypas ameliyat (koroner bir damardaki tkankl gidermek iinana atardamar ve tkank damarn arasna vcudun baka bir blgesinden alnandamar vastasyla kan geii salanmas)

Soru 49. drug trial = ila denemesidesired = istenilen, arzu edilen, wanted, zt anl.= undesiredgo ahead = devam etmek, ileri gitmekvolunteer = gnllintensive care = youn bakmcoma = koma (d uyaranlar ya da uyarmalara yant vermeyen derin bilinsizlik(baygnlk) durumu)benefit (from) = (bir ey)den ders karmak, yarar / fayda salamak, yararlanmak,learn from, capitalise, profit from, zt anl.= sufferbe capable of = muktedir, ehliyetli, yetenekli, able, competent, zt anl.= incapable,unableantibody-drugs = antikor ilalar (zellikle kanser tedavisinde kullanlan ve kanserlihcreler zerindeki antijenlere balanp sadece bunlar yokeden ilalarn genel ad)

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Soru 50. monozygotic (identical) twins = tek yumurta ikizidizygotic (fraternal) twins = ift yumurta ikizisimilar = benzer, akin, zit anl.= differentsibling = kardeIQ score = zeka katsays (Intelligence Quotient) sonucu

that = (50/D seeneinde the environment yerine geiyor.)

Soru 51. unnecessarily = bo yere, gereksizce, unduly, zt anl.= reasonably, sensiblyerror = hata, yanllk, mistakerest = (daima the ile) geri kalan ksmadverse = (tepki, etki vs. iin) ters, olumsuzresidency = 1) doktorluk ihtisas devresi; 2) ikametgah, mesken, residencemust result = kesinlikle yle sonulanyordur (karm yaplm)malpractice lawsuit = yanl tehis ya da tedavi nedeniyle hekimlerin kar karyakaldklar hukuki davastaggering = ok artc, neredeyse inanlmaz, astounding

Soru 52. grow out of = (sorunlar) zamanla geride brakmakteens = 13-19 yalar arasndaki kiilerapproach = yaklamak, reachadulthood = yetikinlik, yetikinlik dnemiparental separation = ebeveynlerin ayrloverlook = dikkate almamak, gzden karmak, disregard, ignore, miss, zt anl.=notice, spotsteady = tutarl, istikrarl, sabit, deimeyen, devaml, salam, stable, consistent, ztanl.= unsteady, shakyinsurance = gvence

Soru 53. misdiagnose = yanl tehis koymaksinus headache = sinuzal baars (sinslerin tkanmas ya da enfekte olmas

nedeniyle ekilen baars)inherit = (birisin)den (kaltmla) almak, miras k/almak, acquire, receiverecurring = tekrarlayan, recurrentconfusion = kafa karkl, aknlk; dzensizlik, perplexity; disorder, zt anl.=clarity; orderstem = sap (beyin sap)discharge = boaltm, akmacloudy fluid = bulank sv

Soru 54. confer (a benefit to) = birine bir yarar / menfaat salamakpsychoactivedrugs = psikoaktif i lalar (zihinsel prosesler zerinde etkili olanilalara verilen ad)

barrier = bariyer, engelalter = (zne dokunmadan ksmen) dei(tir)mek, change, modifymental = mental, zihinselfor a time = bir ara, bir aralar, some timeantihistamine = antihistamin (allerji ilac grubu)dizziness = ba dnmesiblurred vision = bulank grme

Soru 55. disable = 1) etkisiz hale getirmek; 2) sakatlamakresistant strain = direnli sumould = kf mantarprescribe = 1) (ila, tedavi vs.) reete yazmak / vermek; 2) emretmek, kural olarakkoymak, enjoin, dictate

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Soru 57. solely = sadece, yalnzca, only, just, merelycomplication = komplikasyon, karklkwhatsoever = hibir surette, at all

Soru 58. severe = sert, kat, iddetli, ciddi, firm, hard, rigid, serious, difficult, zt anl.= soft, mild

reliable = gvenilir, emin, salam, trustworthy, dependable, zt anl.= unreliableconstant = 1) srekli, devaml, continuous, perpetual, relentless, zt anl.= terminable;2) sabit, stable, fixed, zt anl.= variablerule out = yok saymak, ortadan kaldrmak, exclude, zt anl.= include

Soru 59. eliminate = gidermek, yok etmek, throw out, defeat, get rid ofthrough = vastas ile, aracl ile, via, by means ofindicator = indikatr, gsterge, belirti

Soru 60. impair = bozmak, zayflatmak, damage, hurt, weaken, zt anl.= enhance, improvepresence = varlk, bulunma, existence, zt anl.= absence

61. - 64. sorular (Metinde geen yabanc kelimeler)meningitis = menenjit (beyin zarlarnn iltihab)viral = viral (virslerden kaynaklanan ya da onlarla ilgili)fungal = mantardan kaynaklanandiffer =farkllk gstermek, deiiklik gstermek,divergespinal tap = omurilik svs almak iin ineyle yaplan giriim, ponksiyon, puncturelumbar puncture = spinal tap ile ayn anlamdaspinal column = omurgawithdraw = 1) (svy damardan) geri ekmek; 2) (adaylktan) ekilmekcerebrospinal fluid = serebrospinal sv, omurilik svsspinal cord = spinal kord (omurilik)culture = kltr analizi yaplmasidentify = tip belirlemek / tanmlamak

susceptibility (to) = dirensizlik, kolay hedef olma, yatknlk, vulnerabilitywhite blood cell = beyaz kan hcresi (akyuvar)

Soru 61. elevated = yksek, yksetilmi, arttrlmthat = (61/Bde sv yerine kullanlan zamir)diagnostic = tan, tanyla ilgili

Soru 62. accurate = doru, titiz, eksiksiz, precise, zt anl.= erroneous, inaccurateextract = ekmek, ekip karmak, elde etmek, draw outinfluence = etki, tesir, nfuz, effect, impact

Soru 63. varied = deiiklik gsteren, eitli

case = vakavirtually = neredeyse, hemen hemen, nearly, actuallytrack down = izleyip bulmak / yakalamak, pursueinstance = rnek, durum, vaka, case, example, occurrence

65. - 68. sorular (Metinde geen yabanc kelimeler)dialysis = diyalizsolute = solt, zelti (bir solsyon iinde znm madde)dialysing membrane = diyaliz zarconcentration gradient = konsantrasyon farkpermeability = permeabilite (geirgenlik)initially = ncelikle, aslnda, esasen, primarily, essentiallydissipate = datmak, dalmak, yay(l)mak, scatter, spread, zt anl.= gather, collect

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haemodialysis = hemodiyalizdialysate = diyaliz esnasnda membrandan (zardan) geen (bir tr filtre edilen)maddediffusion = difzyon (yaylma, dalma, geme)

Soru 65. prolonged = uzun sreli

Soru 67. pre-condition = n koul /artmeet = yerine getirmek, karlamak, accomplish, satisfy, fulfil, zt anl.= fail to meet

69. - 72. sorular (Metinde geen yabanc kelimeler)hypothalamus = hipotalamus (beyinde otonom sinir sistemini yneten blge)extreme = ar, ok fazla, maximal, utmost, zt anl.= mild, moderatevoracious = doymak bilmez, a gzlappetite = itahintense = iddetli, gl, fierce, powerful, zt anl.= milddesire= arzu, iddetli istek

associate with = (bir eyle, bir olayla) ilgisi olmak, balants olmaklateral hypothalamic area = hipotalamusun lateral blgesi / yan ksmlarlethal = ldrc, fatal, mortal, zt anl.= harmless, safestarvation= alkoppose = kar koymak, kar kmak, itiraz etmek, protest, resist, zt anl.= supportsatiety centre = tokluk merkeziventromedial nucleus = ventromedial nucleus (hipotalamusun ortasnda yer alan vedoygunlua ulaldnda yeme hissini bask altna alan sinir hcresi yn)indifference = ilgisizlik, kaytszlkbilaterally = iki taraftan, iki yandansatiate = doyurmak, tatmin etmektremendous = muazzam, enormous

Soru 71. irreparable = aresi olmayan, tedavisi imkansz, irremediableavailability = hazr bulunma, eriilebilirlik

Soru 72. starve to death = alktan lmek

73. - 76. sorular (Metinde geen yabanc kelimeler)pulmonary ventilatory system = akcier solunum sistemirenew = yenilemek, onarmak, re-establish, mendin proximity = yaknndaalveoli = (tekil= alveolus) hava keseciialveolar sac = hava keseciialveolar duct = hava kesecii kanal

respiratory bronchiole = akcierlerde hava keseciklerine kadar ulaan en kkkanallarpassageway = yolterminal = en sondaki, en utakiinspired = solunandead space air = solunum esnasnda akciere ulamayan blgelerde (burun,solunumborusu vs.) kalan havatake place = olmak, meydana gelmek, happen, occurexpiration = ekspirasyon, soluk verme, exhalationaid = yardmda bulunma, yardm etme, help, relief

Soru 74. ultimate = 1) en byk, en yksek, greatest; 2) esas, temel, fundamental; 3) son,nihai, final

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Soru 76. occasionally = bazen, ara sra, now and then, from time to time, once in a while, ztanl.= frequently, often

77. - 80. sorular (Metinde geen yabanc kelimeler)virologist = virolog (viroloji alannda alan uzman)

avian influenza = ku gribi / vebaspose a threat = tehdit oluturmakpandemic = ktalararas salgn hastalkacquire = elde etmek, kazanmak, gain, obtain, zt anl.= forfeit, losea matter of time = an meselesiversion = versiyon, trflu = grip, influenzare-combine = tekrar birletirmek, bir araya getirmekpick up = almakensue = kmak, meydana gelmek, ardndan gelmek, arise, occur, follow, zt anl.=precede

Soru 77. at present = imdi, nowSoru 79. infer (from) = (bir ey)den anlamak / karmak, -den sonu karmak, gather, deduce

unlikely = mmkn olmayan, olanaksz, ok az bir olaslkla, improbable, zt anl.=likelyresurgence = canlanma, tekrar ortaya kma

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