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safetyBUILT-INwww.safetybuiltin.com

Understanding Your PeopleUsing temperament types to lead safety

communication and drive safety behaviors

Eric Svendsen, Ph.D. | Principal, safetyBUILT-IN


2

Keirsey Temperament Sorter

http://bit.ly/2hyldE2


3

The Four Temperaments

Artisan Guardian

IdealistRational

Impulsive-Audacious-AdventuringSpeak of what they can see,

hear, taste, touch;Willing to break the rules for

quick, effective payoff

Steady-Helpful-DefendingSpeak of what they can watch

over and take care of;Careful to promote and obey

laws, rules, policy, safety

Logical-Determined-ScientificSpeak of what they can learn

or accomplish;Willing to break rules if not

efficient

Intuitive-Kindhearted-CounselingSpeak of what they hope for

and imagine might be;Careful to follow code of ethics and conscience


4

Temperament Profiles – Overview

Artisan (SP)(Spontaneous and Playful)Pursues Freedom

Guardian (SJ)(Sensible and Judicious)Pursues Security

Rational (NT)(iNgenious and Theoretical)Pursues Knowledge

Idealist (NF)(iNtuitive and Fervent)Pursues Identify

C O M

M U

N I C

A T I O

N

B E H A V I O R

Con

cret

e: S

ays

Wha

t Is

(Fac

ts)

Abst

ract

: Say

s W

hat’s

Pos

sibl

e (Id

eas)

Does What’s Right (Collaborative)Does What Works (Utilitarian)

Action

Caution

Growth

Cool


5

Focus on the Artisan

Artisan (SP)(Spontaneous and Playful)

Freedom LoversSensation Seekers

Impulsive“Feel Their Way”

UninhibitedInnovative Risk Takers

Generous“Beach Master”

C O M

M U

N I C

A T I O

N

B E H A V I O R

Con

cret

e: S

ays

Wha

t Is

(Fac

ts)

Does What Works (Utilitarian)Concrete Communication• In the moment

• Immediately at hand

• What’s in front of them

• Artful / “excited” communicators

Utilitarian Behavior• Spontaneous, free spirited

• “Play by their own rules”

• Unshackled / unbound

• “Swing for the Fences”

• “Go for it” “Just do it”

• You only live once; Grab all the gusto you can”

• “Eat, drink, for tomorrow we die”

• “If it works, use it – else, leave it”

• “Life is an adventure”


6

Famous ARTISANS


7

Artisan (SP)

Speech Concrete-Colorful

Action Effective

Mood Spontaneous/Playful

Talent Tactical

Expectations Optimistic

Trust Gut impulse

Desire Impact

Nature Generous

Self-respect Courageous/Bold/Audacious

Values Freedom

Situations Adaptable (chameleon-like)

Characteristics


8

Temperament Exercise

Is this your temperament? If so, what characteristics confirm this?

“Who do I have on my team that fits this profile?”

“What characteristics lead me to believe this person is this Type?”


9

Focus on the Guardian

Guardian (SJ)(Sensible and Judicious)Security Lovers

TraditionalStandard Bearers

Steady“Policy”

EstablishmentAuthority

Inhibited/CautiousOrganized / Detailed

Overseers

C O M

MU N

I C A

T I O

N

B E H A V I O R

Con

cret

e: S

ays

Wha

t Is

(Fac

ts)

Does What’s Right (Collaborative) Concrete Communication

Goods and services

Food, clothing, finances, family

News, weather & sports

Earnest communicators

Collaborative BehaviorDoes what’s right for policyCooperation / ComplianceConformity / ObedienceRules-orientedActing properly and safelyReliable and responsible


10

Famous GUARDIANS

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http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.albanianreview.com/switch/net/Portals/0/Mother_Theresa.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.albanianreview.com/switch/net/English/tabid/118/Default.aspx&usg=__80xUiHnK8W_YHzWtrSLOOybkuYE=&h=394&w=367&sz=25&hl=en&start=7&um=1&tbnid=UKyqotDQqQyC0M:&tbnh=124&tbnw=116&prev=/images?q%3Dmother%2Bteresa%2Bimages%26hl%3Den%26rlz%3D1T4SUNA_enUS297US297%26sa%3DN%26um%3D1


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GUARDIAN (SJ)

Speech Concrete-Factual

Action Compliant

Mood Concerned

Talent Logistical

Expectations Cautious

Trust Authority

Desire Belonging

Nature Dependable

Self-respect Helpful

Values Security

Situations Steady/Steadfast

Characteristics


12






13

Focus on the Rational

Rational (NT)(iNgenious and Theoretical)Knowledge SeekersValue Competence

AchievementPlanning

DesigningAnalysis

Seek efficienciesLong-term goals

“Out of box” thinkers

C O M

M U

N I C

A T I O

N

B E H A V I O R

Abst

ract

: Say

s W

hat’s

Pos

sibl

e (Id

eas)

Does What Works (Utilitarian)Abstract CommunicationSystems concepts / Inferences

Designs / Efficiencies

Critique / Questions / Speculation

Probabilities / Possibilities

Calm communicators

Verbally efficient

Reluctant to state the obvious

Indifference to status/prestige/authority

Utilitarian BehaviorIndependent / detached persona

Strong-willed

Focus on efficient vs. effective

Goal-driven action

Challenge establishment


14

Famous RATIONALS


15

RATIONAL (NT)

Speech Theoretical

Action Efficient

Mood Calm

Talent Strategic

Expectations Skeptical

Trust Logic

Desire Achievement

Nature Curious

Self-respect Determination

Values Knowledge

Situations Pragmatic

Characteristics


16






17

Focus on the Idealist

Idealist (NF)(iNtuitive and Fervent)Value Uniqueness

Meaning and Growth“Soulful”

Seek HarmonySelf-Improvement

See the best in othersActualization

Hunger for RomanceHonest / Empathetic

C O M

M U

N I C

A T I O

N

B E H A V I O R

Abst

ract

: Say

s W

hat’s

Pos

sibl

e (Id

eas)

Does What’s Right (Collaborative)Abstract CommunicationImaginative

Diplomatic

People Concepts (emotion, desire, fantasy, dreams, visions, beliefs)

Symbols / Possibilities / Potential

Growth / Development

Collaborative BehaviorDoes what’s right for people

Harmonic agreement

Accommodating / supportive

Bridge-building

Fosters caring relationships

Nurturing and warm


18

Famous IDEALISTS


19

Idealist (NF)

Speech Imaginative

Action Ethical

Mood Enthused

Talent Diplomatic

Expectations Trustful

Trust Intuition

Desire Romance

Nature Introspective

Self-respect Kindhearted

Values Identity

Situations Accommodating

Characteristics


20






21

How the Types Differ

Dimension Artisan Guardian Rational Idealist*Speech Colorful Factual Theoretical Imaginative

*Action Effective Compliant Efficient Ethical

Mood Playful Concerned Calm Enthused

*Talent Tactical Logistical Strategic Diplomatic

Expectations Optimistic Cautious Skeptical Trustful

Trust Gut impulse Authority Logic Intuition

Desire Impact Belonging Achievement Romance

Nature Generous Dependable Curious Introspective

Self-respect Courageous Helpful Determined Kindhearted

*Values Freedom Security Knowledge Identity

Situations Adaptable Steady Pragmatic Collaborative

safetyBUILT-INwww.safetybuiltin.comTemperaments and Safety Culture

Artisan

Guardian

Rational

Idealist

How Asset? How Liability?

safetyBUILT-INwww.safetybuiltin.comCommunicating Safety

• Artisan

• Rational

• Guardian

• Idealist

Think of how your team members (identified in previous exercises) might respond to your current safety culture based on their temperaments. How would you tailor your safety message to fully engage each one?


24

Dimensions and Definitions





C O M

M U

N I C

A T I O

N

B E H A V I O R

Con

cret

e: S

ays

Wha

t Is

(Fac

ts)

Abst

ract

: Say

s W

hat’s

Pos

sibl

e (Id

eas)


Action

Caution

Growth

Cool


25

What Do the Letters Mean?

E = Extroverted or I = Introverted(expressive / initiating) (reserved / responding)

S = Sensing or N = iNtuiting(focus is on external world) (focus is on internal world)

T = Thinking or F = Feeling(governs based on mind) (governs based on heart)

J = Judging or P = Perceiving(prefers quick, firm decisions) (prefers flexibility)


26

What Do the Letters Mean? (MB)

Myers-Briggs Model SENSING INTUITING

Personality Types THINKING FEELING FEELING THINKING

INTROVERSION

JUDGING ISTJ ISFJ INFJ INTJ

PERCEIVING ISTP ISFP INFP INTP

EXTRAVERSION

PERCEIVING ESTP ESFP ENFP ENTP

JUDGING ESTJ ESFJ ENFJ ENTJ

IDEALIST (N

F)

RATIO

NAL (N

T)

GUARDIAN (SJ)

ARTISAN (SP)

GUARDIAN (SJ)

ARTISAN (SP)


27

What Do the Letters Mean?

Keirsey Model ABSTRACT CONCRETE

Temperament Types DIRECTING INFORMING DIRECTING INFORMING

COLLABORATIVE

EXPRESSIVE (E)(INITIATING) ENFJ ENFP ESTJ ESFJ

RESERVED (I)(RESPONDING) INFJ INFP ISTJ ISFJ

UTILITARIAN

EXPRESSIVE (E)(INITIATING) ENTJ ENTP ESTP ESFP

RESERVED (I)(RESPONDING) INTJ INTP ISTP ISFP

IDEALIST(NF)

RATIONAL(NT)

GUARDIAN(SJ)

ARTISAN(SP)

Soci

o-B

ehav

iora

l Eng

agem

ent

Communication Style


28

Directing V. Informing / Initiating V. Responding

Directing / Initiating

Directing /Responding

Informing /Initiating

Informing /Responding

PreemptiveProactive

Take Charge

CompetingContending

Collaborating

Accommodating


29

Temperament Profiles – Overview





C O M

M U

N I C

A T I O

N

B E H A V I O R

Con

cret

e: S

ays

Wha

t Is

(Fac

ts)

Abst

ract

: Say

s W

hat’s

Pos

sibl

e (Id

eas)


Action

Caution

Growth

Cool


30

Temperament Profiles Complete





Res

erve

/Res

pond

’ (I)

Exp

ress

/ In

itiat

e (E

)R

eser

ve/R

esp’

ond

(I)E

xpre

ss /

Initi

ate

(E)

Direct (tell) Inform (ask)

C O M

M U

N I C

A T I O

N

B E H A V I O R

PROMOTER(ESTP)

CRAFTER(ISTP)

PERFORMER(ESFP)

COMPOSER(ISFP)

SUPERVISOR(ESTJ)

INSPECTOR(ISTJ)

PROVIDER(ESFJ)

PROTECTOR(ISFJ)

TEACHER(ENFJ)

COUNSELOR(INFJ)

CHAMPION(ENFP)

HEALER(INFP)

FIELDMARSHAL(ENTJ)

MASTERMIND(INTJ)

INVENTOR(ENTP)

ARCHITECT(INTP)

Con

cret

e: S

ays

Wha

t Is

(Fac

ts)

Abst

ract

: Say

s W

hat’s

Pos

sibl

e (Id

eas)

Does What’s Right (Collaborative)Direct (tell) Inform (ask)Does What Works (Utilitarian)

Preemptive, Proactive, Take charge

Competitive, Contending

Collaborative

Accommodating

Action

Caution

Growth

Cool


31

Exercise: Recalling the team members you identified in previous exercises, try to place each one in the correct temperament sub-quadrant

Artisan Guardian

Rational Idealist

Res

erve

/Res

p’in

g(I)

Exp

ress

/ In

it’in

g(E

)R

eser

ve/R

esp’

ing

(I)E

xpre

ss /

Init’

ing

(E)


C O M

M U

N I C

A T I O

N

B E H A V I O R

PROMOTER

CRAFTER

PERFORMER

COMPOSER

SUPERVISOR

INSPECTOR

PROVIDER

PROTECTOR

TEACHER

COUNSELOR

CHAMPION

HEALER

FIELDMARSHAL

MASTERMIND

INVENTOR

ARCHITECT

Con

cret

e: S

ays

Wha

t Is

(Fac

ts)

Abst

ract

: Say

s W

hat’s

Pos

sibl

e (Id

eas)


Preemptive, Proactive, Take charge

Competitive, Contending

Collaborative

Accommodating

Action

Caution

Growth

Cool


Leveraging Natural Talent

How to deploy the temperaments in a safety culture

safetyBUILT-INwww.safetybuiltin.comTemperaments and Talent





Res

erve

d (I)

Exp

ress

ive

(E)

Res

erve

d (I)

Exp

ress

ive

(E)


C O M

M U

N I C

A T I O

N

B E H A V I O R

PROMOTER(ESTP)

CRAFTER(ISTP)

PERFORMER(ESFP)

COMPOSER(ISFP)

SUPERVISOR(ESTJ)

INSPECTOR(ISTJ)

PROVIDER(ESFJ)

PROTECTOR(ISFJ)

TEACHER(ENFJ)

COUNSELOR(INFJ)

CHAMPION(ENFP)

HEALER(INFP)

FIELDMARSHAL(ENTJ)

MASTERMIND(INTJ)

INVENTOR(ENTP)

ARCHITECT(INTP)

Con

cret

e: S

ays

Wha

t Is

(Fac

ts)

Abst

ract

: Say

s W

hat’s

Pos

sibl

e (Id

eas)



34

Defining Natural Talent

• Tactics – The ability to spot opportunities NOW, and make smart moves with them

• Logistics – The ability to pull the right people, tools, and resources together to get the job done

• Strategy – The ability to see the long-term vision and to take steps toward it

• Diplomacy – The ability to deal effectively in relationships with people of diverse views


35

SP(Artisans)

NF(Idealists)

Understanding Natural Talent


36

SJ(Guardians)

Understanding Natural Talent

NT(Rationals)


37

Exercise: Deploying Talent

Drawing from previous exercises, what are some ways to leverage your team’s natural talents in a safety culture?

• Artisans

• Guardians

• Rationals

• Idealists


Deploying Temperamentsin Your Safety Culture

What to expect when they Lead


39

Temperaments at the Helm!

ARTISANS in Charge• Tactical and open-minded

Natural improvisers On-the-spot decisions Troubleshooters

• Persuasive—excel at negotiations

• Tend to be impatient with routine & administrative tasks

• Call the shots in their own style

• Adaptable to changing environment

• Can be impulsive and unpredictable; may sacrifice former obligations in favor of new ones

GUARDIANS in Charge• Logistical and thorough• Naturally managerial• Service-oriented• Establishers of routine, rules,

policy and protocol• Stabilizers and consolidators • Dependable and predictable• Value contracts, regulations,

institutional traditions, values and loyalty

• Stabilization can turn into bloated bureaucracy; may intuitively resist change


40

Temperaments at the Helm!

RATIONALS in Charge• Strategic and achievement-

oriented• Natural change agents• Always looking for efficiencies and

productivity• Constantly assesses productivity

and efficiencies• Works with clearly defined goals• Comprehensive in understanding

impact of proposed changes• Can appear distant and uncaring;

impatient with error and incompetence; may have trouble communicating interpersonally

IDEALISTS in Charge• Diplomatic and people-oriented• Personally invested • Empathetic• Welcoming of feedback and

individual contributions• Natural listeners and developers• Focus is on human potential and

growth• Natural team builders• Visible, charismatic,

“inspirational” leaders• Can become over-involved in

people’s personal crises; may overlook weaknesses in employees


41

Deploying the Temperaments

In light of the temperaments of your team members, identify at least one strength, one weakness, one opportunity and one threat you think might exist in the growth of your safety culture:

S W

O T


Engaging the Temperaments

Building and Maximizing ENGAGEMENT


43

Artisan

On-the-Job Strengths• Troubleshooting• Risk-taking• Creativity• Negotiating• Opportunity finding• Thinking on their feet

Needs/Motivation• Stimulation• Variety• Freedom/autonomy• Making an impact• New challenges

Speech Colorful

Action Effective

Mood Spontaneous/Playful

Talent Tactical

Expectations Optimistic

Trust Gut impulse

Desire Impact

Nature Generous

Self-respect Courageous/Bold/Audacious

Values Freedom

Situations Adaptable (chameleon-like)

Characteristics


44

GUARDIAN

On-the-Job Strengths• Takes precautions• Policy-oriented• Responsible owners

Needs/Motivation• Sense of belonging• Opportunity to contribute• Appreciation of efforts• Stability

Speech Factual

Action Compliant

Mood Concerned

Talent Logistical

Expectations Cautious

Trust Authority

Desire Belonging

Nature Dependable

Self-respect Helpful

Values Security

Situations Steady/Steadfast

Characteristics


45

RATIONAL

On-the-Job Strengths• Self-management• Assimilation of processes• Goal-oriented• Strategic planning• Tireless worker

Needs/Motivation• Creating efficiencies• Working independently• Achieving goals

Speech Theoretical

Action Efficient

Mood Calm

Talent Strategic

Expectations Skeptical

Trust Logic

Desire Achievement

Nature Curious

Self-respect Determination

Values Knowledge

Situations Pragmatic

Characteristics


46

Idealist

On-the-Job Strengths• Dedicated worker• People-oriented• Conflict-resolution• Continuous development• Personal integrity

Needs/Motivation• Development/growth• Making a difference• Meaningful relationships• Working with people• Recognition/appreciation

Speech Imaginative

Action Ethical

Mood Enthused

Talent Diplomatic

Expectations Trustful

Trust Intuition

Desire Romance

Nature Introspective

Self-respect Kindhearted

Values Identity

Situations Accommodating

Characteristics


47

Exercise: Deploying TalentGiven the temperament strengths and needs of your team, how would you utilize each temperament in your current safety-culture processes?

• Artisans

• Guardians

• Rationals

• Idealists

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