safe wastewater use in agriculture
DESCRIPTION
Safe wastewater use in agriculture. Selected FAO materials. Javier Mateo-Sagasta Dávila ( [email protected] ) FAO Land and Water Division. Selected knowledge products. FAO Water Report 35. FAO Water Report 35. methodology for the economic appraisal of WW reuse projects - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Safe wastewater use in agriculture
Javier Mateo-Sagasta Dávila ([email protected])
FAO Land and Water Division
Selected FAO materials
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Selected knowledge products
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FAO Water Report 35
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•methodology for the
economic appraisal of WW reuse projects
•applies this methodology in real cases in Mexico and Spain.
FAO Water Report 35
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Failure Stories
FAO Water Report 35
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Why?
Not economic appraisal!
FAO Water Report 35
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• Economic justificationAre Total Benefits higher than Total Costs?Cost-benefit analysis
Is reuse the most cost-effective approach?Are there better alternatives?Cost-effectiveness analysis
• Financial feasibilityWho pays? And how?
Steps in an economic appraisal
FAO Water Report 35
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Economic justification
FAO Water Report 35
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Cities
Agriculture
Environment
Boundaries and parties
FAO Water Report 35
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Farmers•Water all year round•Nutrients and organic matter•Avoided costs of pumping
Cities•Food Security•Low-cost treatment
Environment•Reduced pollution•Reduced freshwater abstraction•Lower C foot print
FAO Water Report 35
Cost-Benefit analysis Benefits
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Risks
Minimizing risks = Cost
• Treatment options
• Non treatment options
Cost-Benefit analysis
FAO Water Report 35
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Other costs
• New infrastructureWater pumping and conveyance
• Environmental costs Environmental impacts (e.g. Salinization)
• Health costs Illness due to infectious and chemical agents
Cost-Benefit analysis
FAO Water Report 35
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If Total Benefits > Total Costs
Is the chosen reuse approach the most cost-effective approach?
Alternatives.
• Water Conservation
• Desalination
• Water transfer
• Others
Cost-Effectiveness
FAO Water Report 35
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Financialfeasibility
FAO Water Report 35
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Stakeholders:•Farmers
•City authorities
•Regional or national government
Who benefits and who loses ?
Financial impact on stakeholders
FAO Water Report 35
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•Subsidies
•Others• Soft loans
• Payment for environmental services
• Water charges
• Pollution taxes
• …
Financial instruments
FAO Water Report 35
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Economic appraisal of projects (including reuse
projects) is an essential tool for water planning and allocation strategies within IWRM.
The FAO report provides a sound methodology for the economic appraisal of reuse projects.
FAO Water Report 35
Final remarks
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Training Manuals for Farmers
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Training Manuals for Farmers
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Training Manuals for Farmers
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Training Manuals for Farmers
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Training Manuals for Farmers
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AQUASTAT- wastewater
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Use of untreated or partially treated WW
5-20 million hectares
50 Countries
Difficult to monitor by public authorities.
May be underreported!
AQUASTAT- wastewater
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AQUASTAT- wastewater
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AQUASTAT- wastewater
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AQUASTAT- wastewater
Accounting wastewater production, treatment and
use/discharge at country level can help with the diagnosis!!
Reporting at global level
will help to identify hot spots and target the international support
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Selected knowledge products
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Selected knowledge products
Do these materials cover your knowledge needs?
How can them be improved and completed?
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THANK YOU!