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25th -26th Mar’13 SAFE (a SIAM initiative)
SAFE (a SIAM initiative)
Annual Convention 2013
Roundtable Discussion on
Future Safety Technologies 26th April 2013, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh
(In association with Transport Department, Government of Himachal Pradesh)
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Overview of Automotive Industry & “Popular Safety Technologies” – Passenger Car
25th -26th Mar’13 SAFE (a SIAM initiative)
Index
1) Overview of Indian Automobile Industry
1.1) Indian Automobile Industry
1.2) Key Statistics
1.3) 2000 ~ 2012 an exciting decade
2) Aspects of Road Safety
2.1)Aspects of Road Safety - Engineering
2.2) Aspects of Road Safety – Enforcement
2.3) Aspects of Road Safety – Education
2.4) Aspects of Road Safety – Emergency care
3) Way Forward
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25th -26th Mar’13 SAFE (a SIAM initiative)
1) Overview- Indian Automobile Industry
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25th -26th Mar’13 SAFE (a SIAM initiative)
15% 4%
3%
78%
Jan’- Dec’12
Total Vehicles Sold in Jan-Dec12 : 17.3 mn Total Registered Vehicles: 141.86 mn
(as on 31st March 2011)
1.1) Indian Automobile Industry
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25th -26th Mar’13 SAFE (a SIAM initiative)
Turnover of OEMs in 2011-12, was Rs. 264,000 crores (incl exports) excluding
component, tyres & after-market
Exports account for 12% of vehicle production: USD 6.81 billion. Another USD 6.0
billion component exports.
Auto industry turnover Around 6.7% of India’s GDP (25 % of Manufacturing GDP)
Employment: Direct 10 mn people + 17 mn indirect. Every year additional about 2.5
million persons being supported for employment by this industry.
Investments announced FY08-12 : Rs. 70,000 crores (Last year Rs. 22,000 crores)
Unique characteristics –
– Presence of strong local OEMs
– All global major OEMs present in India
– Global OEMs establishing strong engineering & sourcing centres in India
1.2) Indian Automobile Industry – Key Statistics
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Source: SIAM
Measures Unit 2000 2011-12 Growth
Volume '000 4,724 20,364 4.3x
Passenger Vehicles '000 701 3123 4.4x
Commercial Vehicles '000 151 911 6x
Three Wheelers '000 188 877 4.66x
Two Wheelers '000 3,694 15,453 4.18x
Revenue (Incl. Auto Comp.) USD bn 12 76 6.33x
Domestic Sales Revenue (OEM) USD bn 8.5 56.26 6.61x
Vehicle Exports Revenue USD bn 0.3 6.81 22.7x
Share to GDP % 3% 6% 2x
1.3) 2000 ~ 2012 an exciting decade..
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Exponential growth resulted in market excitement.
However, 2012-13 has seen downtrend..
25th -26th Mar’13 SAFE (a SIAM initiative)
Source: SIAM
1.4) Challenges due to enhanced motorization.
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Congestion
Lead to..
Accidents
Lack of Traffic Sense
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2) Aspects of Road Safety
Enforcement
Engineering
Education
“ National Road Safety Council ” Recommendations : Four Major Aspects of Road Safety are
Emergency
Four Working Groups are set up under National Road Safety Council
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2.1) Aspects of Road Safety - Engineering
4 E’s of Road Safety
Enforcement
Engineering
Education
Emergency
25th -26th Mar’13 SAFE (a SIAM initiative)
Active Safety
Passive Safety Safety Technologies
- Ride & Braking - Visibility & Lighting.
- Fire / Electrical Safety
- Occupant Protection in the event of accident.
- Road User Protection
General Safety
2.1.1) Evolution of Technologies - Safety
Engineering
(1) Civil (Roads)
(2) Vehicles Can be
classified as
Today’s
Discussion
Categories
C
A
B
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25th -26th Mar’13 SAFE (a SIAM initiative)
Proportionating Valves
Antilock Braking
System (ABS)
Electronic Stability Control (ESC)
(Controls brake pressure distribution b/w front & rear axles).
(Prevents locking of wheel)
Counters skidding, over steer & under steer.
PV LSPV
2.1.2) Active Safety - Advancement in Braking Technology
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- Better rolling resistance.
- Better control & braking performance.
- Low RR, better Fuel efficiency. - Better wet grip - Low rolling noise.
Bias tire
Radial tire Radial &
tubeless tire
Further technology
enhancement
- Better safety – No sudden air loss.
- Low weight – better FE.
2.1.2) Active Safety - Advancement in Tyre Technology
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Windscreen Demisting Forward Vision :
Rear Vision :
Plane mirrors : - Small vision area.
Convex mirrors : - Wide vision area.
Camera monitoring system : -No protrusion & More aerodynamic
Demist ON : - Clear windshield. - No problem of mist
formation & blurred vision.
W/o Demister : - Mist formation on
windshield. - Blurred vision.
Lighting :
Filament lamp
Halogen lamp
HID lamp
LED
2.1.2) Active Safety – Lighting & Visibility
25th -26th Mar’13 SAFE (a SIAM initiative)
440Mpa
590Mpa
Closed Sectioned Structures
Adoption of high tension steel
2.1.3) Passive Safety – Occupant protection
Analysis & Target Setting
Results
in ..
Enhanced Occupant Safety
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2.1.3) Passive Safety – Occupant protection
Pretensioner To pull back occupant at initial stage of crash
Force Limiter To reduce force on occupant ribs
Adaptive Head Restraints Reduce neck injury by minimizing whiplash
Collapsible Steering Reduce injury severity during occupant impact with strng
Air Bag Technologies Provides gas cushion b/w occupant & car interiors
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Enhanced Road User Safety
Impact Absorbing Exterior Panels
2.1.3) Passive Safety – Road User Safety
Technology for Detection of Road users
Vehicle Alarm System for Electric Cars
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(i-GPI) Intelligent
Gas port Injection
Technology
Fire Retardant
Materials like
Polyphosphazene
-Blends etc.
Gas Leakage Ventilation &
Firm mounting of cylinders
Automatic shut off
valves to prevent gas
leakage
Safer than conventional
gas-air mixers
2.1.4) Safety in CNG /LPG Vehicles
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2.2) Aspects of Road Safety - Enforcement
4 E’s of Road Safety
Enforcement
Engineering
Education
Emergency
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1 Pass by noise / Silencers
2 Emissions
3 Exhaust gases
4 Exhaust pipe location
ENVIRONMENT
34 Safety belt
35 Safety belt anchorage
36 Seats, their anchorage & head
restraints : 37 External projection :
38 Fuel tank - metallic :
39 Interior fittings :
40 Safety glass :
41 Steering impact :
42 Side door impact :
43 Door locks & retention components :
44 Fuel tank - plastic :
PASSIVE SAFETY
54 Warning triangles :
55 Overall dimensions :
56 Forward & backward motion :
57 Embossing of Chassis & Engine No. :
OTHER REQUIREMENTS
5 Steering Gear
6 Horn performance
7 Horn Installation
8 Driver’s field of vision
9 Speedometer
10 Mirror Performance
11 Mirror installation
12 Tyre performance
13 Tyre Installation
14 Condition of tyres
15 Size & ply rating of tyres
16 Brake fitment
17 High speed brake req.
18 Brake requirement (ABS- optional)
19 Lighting/ Signaling installation
20 Lighting/ Signaling Performance
21 Hydraulic brake hose
22 Hydraulic brake fluid
23 Wheel rims
24 Wheel nut, discs & hub caps
25 Hood latch
26 Tell tale, symbols & controls
27 Accelerator control system
28 Windscreen wiper
29 Wheel guards
30 Bumpers
31 Arrangement of foot controls
32 Gradeability
33 EMI
ACTIVE SAFETY
45 Reflex Reflectors :
46 Automobile lamps :
47 Signaling devices, direction indicators
& stop lights : 48 Position of dir. indicator :
49 Headlamp, tail lamp & reverse lamp :
50 Deflection of lights :
51 Use of red or white light :
52 Parking light :
53 Prohibition of spotlights :
LIGHTING EQUIPMENT
1 2
3
4
6
7
8 9 10
11
12 13
14
5
15
16 17
18
19
21
22
23
20
24
25 26
27
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29
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31
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35
36
37 38
39
40
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42 43
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46 47
48
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2.2.1) Regulation Trend in India – Current Regulations for Passenger car
25th -26th Mar’13 SAFE (a SIAM initiative)
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
2000 2005 2010 2012 2015
B
A Aligned with ECE/EC
7
6
Total=13
Total=55
31
24
Total=62
18
44
Total=63
18
45
63
Non Aligned Regulations
Total=63
Regulations in India are almost same as Europe
Vehicles Produced / sold
In India are Safe
2.2.1) Regulation Trend in India – Regulation Alignment with UNECE
25th -26th Mar’13 SAFE (a SIAM initiative)
2.2.2) New Regulations notified…..
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Current New
1) Installation requirement for lighting and light-signaling devices
AIS 008:2001
AIS 008 (Rev 1): 2001
2) Tell-Tales & Symbol
SS 12.1 AIS 071:2009
3) Hydraulic brake hose
IS 7079-1995
IS 7079-2008
4) Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC)
NA AIS 004 (Part 3): 2009
2013 2014 2015 2016
Oct `13
Mar `13
New Model
Mar `14
Existing Model
Oct `12
Oct `15
Vehicles need to be certified as per these new regulations.
Highlights of S.O 436 (E) dated (15th Mar-2012)
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2.2.3) Future Regulations
2) Lateral Collision
– AIS 099 / 2008
5) Child Seat
– AIS 072 / 2009 Draft GSR120(E) issued on 22/02/13
3) Pedestrian Protection
– AIS 100 / 2008
1) Off Set / Frontal Crash
– AIS 098 / 2008
Regulation Implementation dates
Existing Vehicles New Vehicles
4) Vehicle Alarm Systems (VAS)
– AIS:076:2006 (Optional)
3 Years 6 Years
1 Year
To Be Decided
3 Years 6 Years
1 Year
Implementation Dates From the date of availability of Test facility
Implementation Dates From the date of availability of Frequency Delicensing.
1st Oct 2014 1st Oct 2014
25th -26th Mar’13 SAFE (a SIAM initiative)
2.2.4) Law Enforcement Trend – Worldwide & India
Key risk factors for road accidents & death identified are:
Seat Belt : 111 countries have a comprehensive Seat-belt laws
Speed : Only 59 countries have a comprehensive urban speed law
1 Drink-Drive : 89 countries have a comprehensive Drink–driving law
Helmets : 90 countries have comprehensive Motorcycle helmet laws
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3 4
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2.2.5) Is everything Good ??
Road fatalities – “1.42 lakhs in 2011” – Highest in the World..
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2.3) Aspects of Road Safety - Education
4 E’s of Road Safety
Enforcement
Engineering
Education
Emergency
25th -26th Mar’13 SAFE (a SIAM initiative)
2.3.1 ) Aspects of Road Safety (to be modified)
2) Children's Traffic Education is recommended as part of
curriculum for effective and sustainable development of road
safety attitude..
1) Driver Training & Testing
With road user error contributing to the vast majority of road
crashes, the development of safe drivers, skilled in defensive
driving techniques, should be the primary objective of any road
safety program. Driving examiners in developing countries are
rarely given special training and driving tests an inadequate test
of ability to drive safely in traffic on real roads
World bank has identified the need of education as key for road
safety enhancement and included in the list of key issues (17
items) about ensuring greater safety in transport & minimizing
adverse effects of transport on health
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25th -26th Mar’13 SAFE (a SIAM initiative)
2.3.2) Road Fatalities- Statistics
Road Fatalities – Type of Road usage
75% - Road Users
(Pedestrians / Bike riders)
25% - Others
(Vehicle Occupants. etc)
53.1 % 32.4 %
14.5 %
75%
25%
Age: 25 ~ 65 Years
Road Fatalities – Age wise
Age: 15 ~ 24 Years
Age: Others
Reference: Synthesis Report of 4E Working Group- MoRTH
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However, nearly 78.5% accidents
are due to fault of Driver
25th -26th Mar’13 SAFE (a SIAM initiative)
2.3.3 ) Aspects of Road Safety
Traffic Education to Children
Road Safety as part of curriculum
Lectures by Road Accident Victim
Traffic Education to Drivers
Advanced Driving Schools
Collaboration with IDTR
Refresher Training program for HM drivers (target – 80000 drivers/year)
140cr. Expense proposal on driving schools under 11th five year plan
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2.4) Aspects of Road Safety
4 E’s of Road Safety
Enforcement
Engineering
Education
Emergency
25th -26th Mar’13 SAFE (a SIAM initiative)
2.4.1) WHAT IS EMERGENCY?
• Lack of awareness about Emergency Medical Service (EMS)
System;
• Lack of basic first aid skills;
• Non availability of standardized toll free national access
number to call for medical help;
• Lack of adequate number of first respondents/ambulances;
• Lack of documentation and foolproof reporting mechanism
• Non availability of appropriate and safe transport of the
injured in the form of ambulances, air ambulances, etc;
Thus, it is necessary to look at the Emergency Care/ Trauma Care System as a whole rather than just piecemeal at its components.
Few events are more distressing than an unexpected loss of life or permanent disability
caused by accidental injury.
Particularly tragic is the injured but potentially salvageable patient who dies needlessly
through delay in retrieval, inadequate assessment or ineffective Treatment.
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2.4.2) ACTIONS - MAKE ROBUST SYSTEM
MODIFICATION
OF EXISTING
SCHEMES
National Highway Trauma Care Project (NHTCP)
- Extended to all national highways in all states.
- State governments to replicate same on state highways.
- ‘102’ adopted as Toll Free National Medical Distress Call Number across the country
National Highways Accident Relief Services Scheme
- Include a periodic audit of the available ambulances and cranes
- Reduction of response time of 30 minutes for ambulances, cranes to 10 minutes
• Existing – Already providing ambulance equipped with patient care, comfort , ergonomics
• Future – Produce Smart vehicle (with E-call feature) - vehicle self interacting with infrastructure
OEM
INTERVENTION
Implementation of the Emergency Medical
Services (EMSS) Systems
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3) Way Forward..
To Achieve 2020 target for Road Safety
Enforcement
Education Emergency
care
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Need to work on 3 E
(With Engineering already in place)
25th -26th Mar’13 SAFE (a SIAM initiative)
Thank You 33