saccone powerpoint nys lab beaks of finches saccone powerpoint
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SACCONE POWERPOINT
NYS LabNYS Lab
Beaks of FinchesBeaks of Finches
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SACCONE POWERPOINT
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SACCONE POWERPOINT
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SACCONE POWERPOINT
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SACCONE POWERPOINT
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SACCONE POWERPOINT
Survival of the Fittest
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SACCONE POWERPOINT
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SACCONE POWERPOINT
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SACCONE POWERPOINT
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SACCONE POWERPOINT
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SACCONE POWERPOINT
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SACCONE POWERPOINT
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SACCONE POWERPOINT
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SACCONE POWERPOINT
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SACCONE POWERPOINT
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SACCONE POWERPOINT
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SACCONE POWERPOINT
Overproduction
• Within a population, there are more offspring produced in each generation than can
possibly survive.
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SACCONE POWERPOINT
Competition• Natural resources; like food, water, and space available to a
population is limited.• Because there are many
organisms with similar nutritional requirements, there must be
competition between them for the resources needed to survive.
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SACCONE POWERPOINT
Survival of the Fittest• Variations among
members of a population make some of them better adapted to the environment than others.
• It is generally the best-adapted individuals that will survive.
• The environment is the agent of natural selection determining which species will survive
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SACCONE POWERPOINT
Natural SelectionThe environment determines which traits are
beneficial to the survival of an organism in a particular habitat.
Selected traits “good” tend to be retained and
passed on.
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SACCONE POWERPOINT
Natural Selection1. Natural selection involves the
struggle of organisms to survive and reproduce in a given environment.
2. Traits which are beneficial to the survival of an organism in a particular environment tend to be retained and passed on, and therefore, increase in frequency within a population.
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SACCONE POWERPOINT
Natural Selection
3. Traits which have low survival value to an organism tend to diminish in frequency from generation to generation. Ex: ALBINISM
4. If environmental conditions change, traits that have low survival value may now have a greater survival value.
5. Therefore, traits that prove to be favorable under new environmental conditions will increase in frequency.
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SACCONE POWERPOINT
Ex: Insects resistant to insecticides
1. Genetic make-up of some insects make them resistant to the effects of insecticides.
2. Before the widespread use of insecticides, this trait was of no particular survival value.
3. With the increased use of insecticides, this trait developed a very high survival value.
4. Therefore, insects with resistance to insecticides survived and reproduced much more successfully than those lacking the trait.
5. As a result, the frequency of insecticide resistance has increased greatly in insect populations.
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SACCONE POWERPOINT
Ex: Rats resistant to rodenticidesNot Immune!
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SACCONE POWERPOINT
Reproduction
• Individuals that survive and then reproduce transmit these variations to their
offspring.
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SACCONE POWERPOINT
Speciation
• The development of a new species occurs as variations or
adaptations accumulate in a population over many
generations.• Ex: common ancestor
Chimpanzees & Humans