saarinen tulip chair - sustainability
DESCRIPTION
A presentation on the Saarinen Tulip Chair: History and Sustainability Analysis including Improvements.TRANSCRIPT
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Ecology & Production
Martin Konrad Gloeckle
Fall 2007
The Saarinen Tulip Chair
Product
Manufacturer
Personal History
Components
Lifecycle
Impacts
Improvements
Sources
SaarinenTulipChair
Martin Konrad Gloeckle
Price: $1000+•Designer: Eero Saarinen, 1956•Manufacturer: Knoll Inc., since 1957 •
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Saarinen Tulip Chair
Knock-offs availablefor $150+
Product
Manufacturer
Personal History
Components
Lifecycle
Impacts
Improvements
Sources
SaarinenTulipChair
Martin Konrad Gloeckle
American plants ISO 14001 certified•Products Greenguard certified or in process •
American furniture company, founded 1938•Office furniture + KnollStudio residential line •
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Knoll, Inc.
Product
Manufacturer
Personal History
Components
Lifecycle
Impacts
Improvements
Sources
SaarinenTulipChair
Martin Konrad Gloeckle
Todo: Find a bigger apartment
to have enough space for it
Chance to own an original design classic•Very good price •
Table + four chairs, original pieces from 1960’s•Bought September 2007 from friend•
My Chairs X
Product
Manufacturer
Personal History
Components
Lifecycle
Impacts
Improvements
Sources
SaarinenTulipChair
Martin Konrad Gloeckle
X
Components
Base
Shell
Cushion
Molded Fiberglass with plastic finish
Fabric covered foam
Cast Aluminum withRilsan finish
What kind ofplastic?
What kindof fabric?
What isRilsan?
Product
Manufacturer
Personal History
Components
Lifecycle
Impacts
Improvements
Sources
SaarinenTulipChair
Martin Konrad Gloeckle
MaterialProduction
Overview
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Disposal/Recycling
Use
Assembly
PartsProduction
RawMaterialExtraction
Extraction of Bauxite
Refinement of Oil
Production of Aluminum
Production of Plastic finish
Production of Rilsan
Extraction of Oil
Production of Polymers
Production of Glass Fibers
Production of Foam
Production ofChair Base
Extraction of Glass Compo-
nents
Production of Chair Shell
Production of Wool Yarns
Shearing of Fleece
Production of Rayon
Extraction ofCellulose
Production ofChair Cushion
Assembly of Chair
Use of Chair
Disposal of Base Disposal of ShellDisposal of
Cushion
Disposal of Foam
Disposal of Textile
Process Transport
Production of Fabric
Disposal of Aluminum Disposal of Coat
Most in
terestin
g
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Product
Manufacturer
Personal History
Components
Lifecycle
Impacts
Improvements
Sources
SaarinenTulipChair
Martin Konrad Gloeckle
RawMaterialExtraction Extraction of
BauxiteExtraction of
Crude Oil
Extraction of Sand, Lime-
stone, Soda Ash, Feldspar
Shearing of Fleece
Extraction of Cellulose
Bauxite in •ground
Electricity •Diesel oil •
Bulk waste •
Raw Material Extraction
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Material
Energy
Waste/By-product
Emissions
Crude Oil in •ground
Electricity •Diesel oil •
Oil containing •Mud
CO2, CO, NOx, •SOx
Particulates, •VOC’s
Oil, Metals •
Sand •Soda Ash •
Limestone •Feldspar •
Electricity •Diesel oil •
Solid Waste •
Particulates •SOx, NOx, CO2 •
Suspended •Solids
Sheep •
Electricity •Diesel oil •
Wood (Pulp) •
Electricity •
Particulates •SOx, NOx, CO2 •
Suspended •Solids
Waste water •Chemical •
Waste
Global warming through methane gas•Water pollution through waste and •sheep dipping
Extensive resource usage•Reduced wildlife through predator ‘control’•
Cruel animal treatment practices•
Pesticide •Residue
CO2, CO, NOx, •SOx
CO2, CO, NOx, •SOx
Wool is good,
right?
Product
Manufacturer
Personal History
Components
Lifecycle
Impacts
Improvements
Sources
SaarinenTulipChair
Martin Konrad Gloeckle
Open cast mining•~80-90% of mined area rehabilitated•
4-6 tones Bauxit • 2 tones Alumina 1 ton AluminumHighly energy intensive production process•
MaterialProduction
Heat •Electricity •Diesel oil •
Solid waste •Scrap (100% •
Recycled)
Material Production
XHeat •Electricity •Diesel oil •
Bulk Waste •Hazardous •
Waste
CO2, VOC’s •
Silica Sand •Limestone •Soda Ash •
Cullet •
Electricity •
Refinement of Oil
Production of Aluminum
Production of Plastic finish
Production of Rilsan
Production of Polymers
Production of Glass Fibers
Production of Foam
Bauxite Ore •Lime •
Caustic soda •
Extracted •Crude Oil
Bulk Waste •Hazardous •
Waste
CO2, VOC’s •
Bulk Waste •Hazardous •
Waste
CO2, VOC’s • CO2, VOC’s •CO2, VOC’s •Fibrous dust •
Sand, Dirt, •Grease
Waste water, •pesticide
Textile waste •
Carbon disul- •fide
Hydrogen •sulfideVOC’s •
Water •Polyurethane •
Catalysts •Blowing •Agents
Electricity •
Water •Soap, Alkali •
Chemical •solvents Fleece •
Dye •
Electricity •
Caustic soda •Carbon disul- •
fideSulfuric acid •Water Cellu- •
lose
Electricity •
Production of Wool yarns
Production of Rayon
Production of Woven Fabric
SO2, CO2 •Suspended •
Solids
Material
Energy
Waste/By-product
Emissions
Cut Waste •
Bauxite?
Alumina?
Aluminum?
Cut Waste •
Product
Manufacturer
Personal History
Components
Lifecycle
Impacts
Improvements
Sources
SaarinenTulipChair
Martin Konrad Gloeckle
Occupational hazards•Accidents•
Natural resources exploration and extraction•Population movements•
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Common Impacts
Product
Manufacturer
Personal History
Components
Lifecycle
Impacts
Improvements
Sources
SaarinenTulipChair
Martin Konrad Gloeckle
Initial aluminum production resource and •energy intensive
Plastics & foam highly dependent on oil•High impact of wool on environment and wild-•life
Specific Impacts
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but recycles very well
Product
Manufacturer
Personal History
Components
Lifecycle
Impacts
Improvements
Sources
SaarinenTulipChair
Martin Konrad Gloeckle
Increase share of recycled materials •Use alternative materials and processes•
Lengthen life cycle•Provide recycling opportunities•
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Approachesnot mutually exclusive!
Product
Manufacturer
Personal History
Components
Lifecycle
Impacts
Improvements
Sources
SaarinenTulipChair
Martin Konrad Gloeckle
Establish and provide reference to network •of Knoll certified refurbishers
Increases usable life cycle •
High end pieces, structural sound components•Wear and tear unavoidable•Often disposed due to purely visual issues•
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Certified Refurbishing
Certified Refurbisherthey w
ill take good
care
of your pre
cious piece!
Product
Manufacturer
Personal History
Components
Lifecycle
Impacts
Improvements
Sources
SaarinenTulipChair
Martin Konrad Gloeckle
Provide information on recycling opportunities•Make recycling more convenient•
Further encouragement through coupon or •rewards program
Single vendor recycling program not economical•Similar recyclable materials cross-vendor and •cross-industryWork with local recycling facilities•
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Cross-Industry Recycling
governmental regulation not effective,industry leadership needed
Product
Manufacturer
Personal History
Components
Lifecycle
Impacts
Improvements
Sources
SaarinenTulipChair
Martin Konrad Gloeckle
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Recyled Materials
Base
Shell
Cushion
Recycled glass or glass fibers for fiberglass shell
Recycled woolRecycled foam
Recycled aluminum
not clear
how much
of this
is curren
tly happe
ning
Product
Manufacturer
Personal History
Components
Lifecycle
Impacts
Improvements
Sources
SaarinenTulipChair
Martin Konrad Gloeckle
X
Alternative Materials
Base
Shell
Cushion
PolypropyleneBio-based resin finish
Organic cotton or hemp Natural latex
Less materialBio-based resin finish
based on materials like starches from
corn, tapioca, wheat and potatoes
recyclabl
e
review us
ed technol
ogy
Product
Manufacturer
Personal History
Components
Lifecycle
Impacts
Improvements
Sources
SaarinenTulipChair
Martin Konrad Gloeckle
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let’s enjoy it for another
50 years!
Product
Manufacturer
Personal History
Components
Lifecycle
Impacts
Improvements
Sources
SaarinenTulipChair
Martin Konrad Gloeckle
Aluminum for Future Generations/European Aluminum Association, www.alufuture.org
Answers.com, www.answers.com
Argonne National Laboratory - Office of Technology Transfer, anl.gov
Arkema Inc., www.arkema-inc.com
Ashby, M. and Kara Johnson. Materials and Design. Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann, 2002.
biopolymer.net, online resources for a better environment, biopolymer.net
Cereplast, Inc, cereplast.com
Environmental Literacy Council, www.enviroliteracy.org
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), www.epa.gov
FoamSource, foamsource.com
Cradle to Grave: How Products Impact Natural Systems, www.howproductsimpact.net
HermanMiller, herman-miller.com
International Aluminum Institute, www.world-aluminum.org/
Lewis, Helen, and John Gertsakis. Design + Environment. Greenleaf Pubns, 2001.
RocksAndMinerals.com, www.rocksandminerals.com/
The Shear Facts - Health, www.health.rmad.org/wool.htm
Wikipedia, www.en.wikipedia.org
Sources
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