s4 sanitation options in peri-urban areas by michael paddon
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8/6/2019 S4 Sanitation Options in Peri-urban Areas by Michael Paddon
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THINK.CHANGE.DO
SANITATION OPTIONS IN PERI-URBANAREAS: Can Tho City, VietnamAssociate Professor Michael Paddon
University of Technology Sydney
ADB-DMC and Partner Sanitation Dialogue
“making sanitation a sustainable business”
23-25 May 2011, ADB, Manila
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Can Tho Sustainable Sanitation
Project
Institute for Sustainable Futures (ISF) ,Can Tho University, City Water Supplyand Sewerage Company (CTWSSC)
Approved by CT Peoples’ Committee
Detailed material and assistance from:
GTZ waste water project in Can Tho
International NGO re technologies-BORDA
DONRE monitored water quality
ISF costing and sustainability analysis methodology
Aim - develop a methodology for Asian city sustainableinfrastructure investment planning
23-25 May, Manila 2Michael Paddon, ISF, University of Technology Sydney
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Can Tho City and the peri-
urban area
Can ThoCity
23-25 May, Manila 3Michael Paddon, ISF, University of Technology Sydney
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Current challenges for sewerage in Can Tho
Affordability for households
Funding for WSSC to manage sewerage
Rate of urbanisation is unsure Climate change impacts
Pollution in river and ground water from leaking septics
Flat land makes gravity sewer difficult
Lack of connection between developer’s design andprimary collection system
1. Can Tho – detailed orientation and wastewater challenges
23-25 May, Manila 4Michael Paddon, ISF, University of Technology Sydney
8/6/2019 S4 Sanitation Options in Peri-urban Areas by Michael Paddon
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Development Plans for Peri Urban South Can Tho
Based on existing plans of 16 developments,and further 21 developments, total population
will be 278 000 55 600 dwellings
Based on actual predicted water-use in each
development lot (residential and non-residential), total wastewater produced will be
57 750 m3/day
1. Can Tho -detailed orientation and wastewater challenges
23-25 May, Manila 5Michael Paddon, ISF, University of Technology Sydney
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Options 1-3
1. Centralised: connect newdevelopments to
wastewater treatmentplant being built
2. Decentralised: separatesystems for eachdevelopment
3. Combination of 1 and 2depending on location
23-25 May, Manila 6Michael Paddon, ISF, University of Technology Sydney
2. Sanitation Options
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Option 4
4. Combination of 1 and 2- for the decentralised
component, separategreywater, blackwater,and urine
(for nutrient recovery,
treatment and re useas fertilizer)
23-25 May, Manila 7Michael Paddon, ISF, University of Technology Sydney
2. Sanitation Options
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Calculate costs for each optionyear by year as developments
are built
Calculate infrastructure size foreach option (pipes, pumps,
treatment)
Summarise and calculate flowrates
Calculate wastewater (grey &black) for each development
Calculate unit wastewater andnutrient production
Calculate household water use
End use assumptions
3. Costing analysis results
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Comparison of options
3. Costing analysis results
Cost of option in present
value million VND (2010)
Option 1
Fully
centralised
Option 2
Fully
decentralised
Option 3
Centralised
/decentralised
Option 4
Centralised
/decentralised
with resource
recovery in
decentralisedareas
Present Value Capital Cost 517,000
(27m USD)
276,000
(14m USD)
256,000
(13m USD)
330,000
(17m USD)
Present Value Operation
and Maintenance Cost
4,000 1,900 2,200 2,300
Present Value Revenuefrom Fertiliser Sales - - - 11,800
Levelised cost per
household
20
(1,000 USD)
11
(600 USD)
10
(500 USD)
13
(700 USD)
Levelised cost per m3
water
consumed
0.064
(3.4 USD)
0.030
(1.6 USD)
0.029
(1.6 USD)
0.036
(1.9 USD)
23-25 May, Manila 9Michael Paddon, ISF, University of Technology Sydney
8/6/2019 S4 Sanitation Options in Peri-urban Areas by Michael Paddon
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Comparison of capital costs of options
3. Costing analysis results
0
100000
200000
300000
400000
500000
600000
Option 1 Option 2 Option 3 Option 4
N P V ( M i l l i o n V N D )
Net present value
N P V ( t r i ệ u
V N Đ )
23-25 May, Manila 10Michael Paddon, ISF, University of Technology Sydney
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Operation and maintenance costs, and sales
of fertiliser
3. Costing analysis results
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
1 2 3 4
M i l l i o n V N D
Net present value - operation andmaintenance
-
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
1 2 3 4
Net present value of sales of fertiliser -
23-25 May, Manila 11Michael Paddon, ISF, University of Technology Sydney
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Energy usage of options
3. Costing analysis results
0.0
2.0
4.0
6.0
8.0
10.0
12.0
14.0
16.0
18.0
Option 1 Option 2 Option 3 Option 4
M i l l i o n k W h / y e a r
23-25 May, Manila 12Michael Paddon, ISF, University of Technology Sydney
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Sustainability criteria – five dimensions
4. Sustainability assessment
e g technology,complexitye g public health, equity
e g water quality, energy usee g costs, land usee g resilience, innovative
Technical and Risk (TR)Social and Health (SH)
Environmental (Env)Economic (Eco)City Future (CF)
Each with 4-5 criteria
23-25 May, Manila 13Michael Paddon, ISF, University of Technology Sydney
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0
1
2
3
4
5
6
Technical (TR)
Social and health (SH)
Environment (Env)Economic and Financial (Eco)
City future (CF)
4. Sustainability assessment
Results of sustainability assessment
23-25 May, Manila 14Michael Paddon, ISF, University of Technology Sydney
S i bili
8/6/2019 S4 Sanitation Options in Peri-urban Areas by Michael Paddon
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4
6
8
10
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PHƯƠNG ÁN 1 PHƯƠNG ÁN 2 PHƯƠNG ÁN 3 PHƯƠNG ÁN 4
4. 5. Sustainability assessment
Results of sustainability assessment
l 15
5 Wid P li I li i
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Our Conclusions
Decentralised systems can provide cost-effective,sustainable wastewater solutions, particularly with
uncertain rates of urbanisation Consideration should be given to both decentralised and
centralised systems in wastewater infrastructure planning.
The most important criterion is that waste water planning is
appropriate to local situations and circumstances There need for demonstration of novel decentralised
technologies give city stakeholders confidence andexperience in decentralised wastewater technologies
5. Wider Policy Implications
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Acknowledgements
The ISF team – Juliet Willetts,Cynthia Mitchell, Naomi
Carrard and Monique Retamal College of Environment and
Natural Resources at Can ThoUniversity
Can Tho Water Supply andSewerage Company
AusAID
Michael Paddon