s pss workshop

8/11/2019 s Pss Workshop

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Introduction to SPSS

DILSHAD HUSSAIN SHAH

MINHAJ UNIVERSITY [email protected]

[email protected]


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SPSS Workshop Agenda

Layout of the Program

Adding Data to SPSS

Preparing Data for Analysis

Creating New Variables

Descriptive Data Analysis

Working with SPSS Output


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Layout of the SPSS Program

SPSS Program Windows

Menus and Toolbars

SPSS Options


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SPSS Program Windows

SPSS Program Windows Data Editor

Data View

Variable View

Output Viewer Syntax Editor

File Types

Data:filename.sav

Output:filename.spo Commands:filename.sps

Menus and Toolbars


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More SPSS Options

Output LabelsTab

For Pivot Table Labeling:

Variables in labels shown as

Names and Labels

Variable values in labels shownas Values and Labels

Pivot tables Tab

For Tablelook:

ChooseAcademic (narrow).tlo

http://courses.csusm.edu/resources/spss/


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Adding Data to SPSS

Use Syntax to Read an Existing Data File

In-line Data in a Syntax File

The SPSS Text Import Wizard

Data Entry in the SPSS Data Editor

Import from Excel

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Loading Data Using Text Wizard

The SPSS Text ImportWizard:

FileMenu:

Read Text Data

In Open Data box, enter:C:\SPSS\grades.txt

Step 1: choose No, Next

Step 2: choose Fixed

Width, No, Next Step 3: use defaults: Next

Step 4: use defaults: Next


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Loading Data Using Text Wizard

The SPSS Text Import

Wizard:

Step 5: Use these names

and formats: V1: ID, Numeric

V2: Gender, String

V3: Test1, Numeric

V4: Test2, Numeric

V5: Test3, Numeric

Click on Next


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Loading Data Using Syntax

You can re-use a syntaxfile by opening it andrunning it

Filemenu

Open Syntax

You can open a blanksyntax window to type inyour own commands

Filemenu

New

Syntax


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Other Ways to Load Data

Data Entry in the SPSS

Data Editor

Import from Excel FileMenu:

Open

Data

In Open Data box, enter:C:\SPSS\grades.xls

Click OKfor defaults


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Preparing Data for Analysis

Variable Formats

Variable Labels Value Labels

Missing Values

Copying Data Properties


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Formatting Your Variables

Variable Formats

Click on the Variable Viewtab of the Data Editor toedit or display formats

Name Type

Width Decimals Label Values

Missing Columns Align

Measure

Variable Labels

Type in descriptive text

that explains what thevariable measures


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Formatting Your Variables (cont.)

Value Labels Text thatexplains what numericvalues stand for

Click in the cell of the Valuecolumn for your variable,

enter a Valueand Label, clickAdd

Missing Values Definesvalues that should not beincluded in calculations

Click in the cell of the Missingcolumn for the variable,choose either Discrete orRangeand enter the values


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Creating New Variables

Collapsing Variables Using Recode

Computing Variables

Counting Values in Other Variables

Ranking Cases

Date and Time Variables

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Recoding Variables

Recoding renumbers orcollapses the values of avariable

Transformmenu

Recode into differentvariables

Highlight variable(s) andmove over with arrow

Fill in a Nameand Labelfor the new variable

Click Old and New Values


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Recoding Variables

Specify the Old Value

e.g., 90 through 100, 80through 89, etc.

Specify a New Value

e.g., 4 (for an A), 3(for a B),etc.

Click on theAddbutton

Repeat until all old and newvalues are specified

Old values can be defined as

single values, ranges ormissing values

Add value and variable labels,etc.


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Computing New Variables

Create new variablesusing equations orfunctions

Transformmenu

Compute Variable

Enter a Target VariableName e.g. TestAvg

Build a Numeric

Expression E.g. (Test1 + Test2 +

Test3)/3

Click OK


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Other Ways to Create Variables

Counting Values in

Other Variables

Ranking Cases

Date and Time Variables


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The FREQUENCIES Procedure

FREQUENCIEScreates tables

with counts of cases for each

value of the variable

AnalyzeMenu:

Descriptive Statistics

Frequencies

Highlight variablesto create

tables, click the arrowto add

to variable list, then click OK Statistics, Chartand Format

options are available


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FREQUENCIES Output

1. Command syntax

2. Summary statistics

3. Variable values and

corresponding labels4. Frequency counts for

each value

5. Percentages

1. Raw percent2. Valid percents

3. Cumulative percents


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The DESCRIPTIVES Procedure

DESCRIPTIVEScreatestables with summaries ofvalues for variables

AnalyzeMenu:


Descriptives

Highlight variables tocreate tables, click thearrowto add to variable list,

then click OK Optionsare available to

choose different statistics


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DESCRIPTIVES Output

1. Command syntax

2. Variable name and

label3. Number of cases

4. Statistics:

Minimum

Maximum

Mean

Standard Deviation


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The CROSSTABS Procedure

CROSSTABS displays theintersection of values of two

or more variables

AnalyzeMenu:


Crosstabs

Highlight variablesto create

tables, click the arrowto add

to Row, Columnor Layer

variable lists, then click OK Statistics, Cellsand Format

options are available


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Crosstabs Output

1. Table title

2. Column variables

3. Row variables

4. Cell counts (# of cases)

5. Column percents (% of

cases in column)

6. Statistics


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The MEANS Procedure

MEANS calculates overallmeans and group means(defined by independentvariables)

AnalyzeMenu:

Descriptive Statistics Means

Highlight variablesto createtables, click the arrowto addto Dependent or Independentvariable lists, then click OK

Optional Statistics areavailable


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MEANS Output

1. Command syntax

2. Numbers of cases

included and excluded

3. Dependent variable

4. Independent (group)

variable

5. Means

6. Number of cases

7. Standard Deviations


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Working with SPSS Output

Editing/Manipulating Tables

Exporting Output to a File

Copying and Pasting Output


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Exporting SPSS Output to a File

SPSS output can be

exported to other

programs

Either entire output file,or selected tables

Export to Word, HTML,

Excel, Text, PDF, or

PowerPoint

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