The Perfect Fit for World Geography

ALSO FROM JARRETT PUBLISHING

y Covers all the new TEKS for World History.

y Includes all the same great features as Mastering the TEKS in World Geography.

y Makes use of the latest educational research.

y Covers all the new TEKS for United States History since 1877.

y Each chapter opens with a list of Important Ideas that serves as an advance organizer of the most important information in the chapter.

y The book contains clear and concise explanations accompanied by numer-ous maps, illustrations, and graphic organizers.

Mastering the TEKS inWORLD GEOGRAPHY

JARRETTZIMMER

KILLORAN

JARRETT PUBLISHING COMPANYThe Gold Standard in Test Preparation

JARRETT PUBLISHING COMPANYThe Gold Standard in Test PreparationJarrett Publishing Company

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Mastering the TEKS inWORLD HISTORY

JARRETTZIMMER

KILLORAN

Mastering the TEKS inUNITED STATES HISTORY SINCE 1877

JARRETTZIMMER

KILLORAN

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Phone your order toll-free at: 1-800-859-7679Fax this form to: 1-631-588-4722Order online at: www.jarrettpub.comMail this form to: Jarrett Publishing Company PO Box 1460, Ronkonkoma, NY 11779Texas Sales Eugene MatthewsManager: PMB 112 Suite 376, 2436 South I-35E, Denton, TX 76205 Tel: 940-591-8983 Fax: 940-591-8299 genem@mgroupmarketing.com

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WHY STUDENTS NEED THIS BOOKy Provides complete coverage

of the new and wide-ranging World Geography TEKS in a way that your students can easily grasp.

y The best book at any price for preparing students for the World Geography End-of-Course Assessment.

y Special features — advance organizers, Essential Questions, word walls, graphic organizers, Study Cards, and Concept Maps — facilitate student learning.

y Includes all the skills and test-taking strategies for students to perform their best on the new World Geography End-of-Course Assessment.

The Perfect Fit for the New End-of-Course Assessment in World Geography

y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y

Title Price Each Quantity Price Total

Mastering the TEKS in World GeographyISBN: 1-935022-08-3 978-1-935022-08-4

Set of 10: $129.50

A Glossary of World Geography Terms

Set of 30: $120.00

A Practice World Geography End-of-Course Assessment

Set of 30: $120.00

Mastering the TEKS in World HistoryISBN: 1-935022-10-5 978-1-935022-10-7

Set of 10: $129.50

Mastering the TEKS in United States History Since 1877ISBN: 1-935022-11-3 978-1-935022-11-4

Set of 10: $129.50

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“This book is destined to become a must in all World Geography classrooms. What a marvelous resource based on the TEKS, research-based instructional strategies and sample assessments aligned to the state standards! From the first few pages to the last chapter, a clear path is provided for student achievement and success.”

— Polly Schlosser, Instructor of Curriculum and Instruction, University of Texas at Dallas, former Secondary Soc. Stud. Coord. Plano ISD, and former TCSS President.

REASONABLY

PRICED FOR

TODAY’S

CHALLENGING

ECONOMIC

ENVIRONMENT

REASONABLY

PRICED FOR

TODAY’S

CHALLENGING

ECONOMIC

ENVIRONMENT

Mastering the TEKS inWORLD GEOGRAPHY

JARRETTZIMMER

KILLORAN

iii

Table of ConTenTs

UNIT 1: INTRODUCTION 1y Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1y Chapter 1: How to Answer Multiple-Choice Questions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6y Chapter 2: How to Answer Data-Based Questions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16y Chapter 3: Understanding Maps: The Language of Geography . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31y Chapter 4: Problem-Solving and Research Skills . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44y Unit Review: Pulling It All Together and Concept Map . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61

UNIT 2: PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY 63y Chapter 5: A World Gazetteer: A Look at the Seven Continents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64y Chapter 6: Processes Shaping Planet Earth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84y Chapter 7: People and Nature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104y Unit Review: Pulling It All Together and Concept Map . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119

UNIT 3: HUMAN GEOGRAPHY 122y Chapter 8: Aspects of Culture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122y Chapter 9: Cultural Regions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141y Chapter 10: Demography . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159y Chapter 11: Migration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175y Unit Review: Pulling It All Together and Concept Map . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187

UNIT 4: CHANGE 189y Chapter 12: Cultural Diffusion and Convergence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 190y Chapter 13: Historical Change . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 207y Unit Review: Pulling It All Together and Concept Map . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 225

UNIT 5: POLITICAL GEOGRAPHY 227y Chapter 14: Types of Government . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 228y Chapter 15: Nations: Borders and Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 239y Chapter 16: Political Processes and Citizenship . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 255y Unit Review: Pulling It All Together and Concept Map . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 273

UNIT 6: THE GLOBALIZATION OF ECONOMICS 275y Chapter 17: Economic Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 276y Chapter 18: Economic Development . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 292y Chapter 19: The Challenges of Globalization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 304y Unit Review: Pulling It All Together and Concept Map . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 326

UNIT 7: END-OF-COURSE PRACTICE TEST 327y Chapter 20: Practice World Geography Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 328

Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 348

World Geography TEKS are organized in a logical way that students can easily follow.

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CHAPTER 11: Migration 183

Classify these as “push” or “pull” factors causing groups to migrate.

Push Pull Both

Religious Persecution

Political Factors

Economic Motives

Ethnic Persecution

Environmental Factors

Forced Migration

APPLYING WHAT YOU HAVE LEARNED

ACTING AS AN AMATEUR GEOGRAPHERSelect a person to interview, with the approval of your parents, who has migrated to the United States. Briefl y summarize his / her responses:

y Why did you decide to come to the United States?

y What route did you take to get here?

y Were conditions in America what you expected them to be?

TEXAS

CHAPTER STUDY CARDS

Factors that Lead to Migration

y Push Factors. These are factors pushing people to leave a place: to escape religious persecution, oppression, poverty, political confl icts, and environmental disasters.

y Pull Factors. Factors attracting people to a place: to search for greater political or religious freedom, the search for economic opportunity, and to reinforce cultural ties.

Physical FactorsAffecting Migration Routes

y People often migrate through valleys, across grasslands, and along water routes.

y Groups of migrating people generally avoid natural barriers like mountains, deserts, and dense forests.

y Some physical factors can change, i.e. the land-bridge from Siberia to Alaska.

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CHAPTER 1: How to Answer Multiple-Choice Questions 7

UNLOCKING THE ANSWER

What do you think is the answer to Question 1?

Explain why you selected that answer.

HOW TO USE THE “E-R-A” APPROACHWhatever type of multiple-choice question you are asked, we suggest you follow the same three-step approach to answer it. Think of this as the “E-R-A” approach:

EXAMINE The Question

RECALL What You Know

APPLY What You Know

Let’s take a closer look at each of these steps to see how they can help you select the right answer.

STEP 1: EXAMINE THE QUESTIONStart by carefully reading the question. Be sure you understand any information the ques-tion provides. Then make sure you understand what the question is asking for.

The question on page 6 asks you to select the best description of the process of erosion. Which answer choice best describes erosion?

Students learn our unique “E-R-A” approach that really helps them to find the answers to multiple-choice questions.

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TYPES OF GOVERNMENT

228

In this chapter, you will examine several different types of government — monarchy, republic, democracy, dictatorship, totalitarian regime, and theocracy.

AN ESS IAL QUESTION

What is the best form of government?

A. There are several different types of government:• In a monarchy, a hereditary ruler controls the government and decides what

it should do.• In a republic, people govern themselves without a monarch.• In a democracy, ordinary citizens hold supreme power because all govern-

ment decisions ultimately comes from the people.• In a dictatorship, power rests in the hands of an individual or a small group

that tells everyone else what to do.• In a totalitarian system, a dictatorial government closely controls every

aspect of a citizen’s life.• In a theocracy, religious leaders control government.

— IMPORTANT IDEAS —

■ Monarchy ■ Democracy ■ Dictatorship■ Constitutional Monarch ■ Direct Democracy ■ Totalitarianism■ Republic ■ Representative Democracy ■ Theocracy

GEOGRAPHIC TERMINOLOGY IN THIS CHAPTER

Human beings need the help of one another to survive and prosper. They therefore live in communities. The organization that people set up to protect their community and to enforce its rules is called government.

■ Government 14(B) Compare how democracy, dictatorship, monarchy, republic, theocracy, and totalitarian systems operate in specifi c countries.

In this chapter, you will examine several different types of government — monarchy, republic, democracy, dictatorship, totalitarian regime, and theocracy.

TEKSCOVERED INCHAPTER 14

CHAPTER 14

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CHAPTER 20: A Practice End-of-Course Test in World Geography 333

GO ON

Use the maps and your knowledge of social studies to answer the following question.

S

W E

N

British, Dutch,and French

Spanish

Portuguese

Possessions

S

W E

N

British, Dutch,and French

Independent

Possessions

BRAZIL

GUIANAS GUIANAS

NEWGRANADA

PERUBRAZIL

VENEZUELA

COLOMBIA

BOLIVIA

PARAGUAY

URUGUAY

ARGENTINA

ECUADOR

CHILE

PERU

LA PLATA

UnexploredPATAGONIA(unexplored)

SOUTH AMERICA: 1790 SOUTH AMERICA: 1828

19 What conclusion can be drawn from a comparison of these maps of South America at different time periods?A All of South America was independent by 1828. Hist 2(A)

B Most of South America gained independence between 1790 and 1828.C Spain continued to rule over colonies in South America after 1828.D Between 1790 and 1828, South American political boundaries remained

unchanged.

Use the passage and your knowledge of social studies to answer the following question.

“Finally, reflect on what we have said about royal authority. You have seen a great nation united under one man: you have seen his sacred power, paternal [fatherly] and absolute: you have seen that secret reason which directs the body politic, enclosed in one head: you have seen the image of God in kings, and you will have the idea of majesty of king-ship. God is holiness itself, goodness itself, power itself, reason itself. In these things consists the divine majesty. In their reflection consists the majesty of the prince.”

— Bishop Jacques-Benigne Bossuet

20 Which other form of government is most similar in operation to the type of govern-ment that Bishop Bossuet praises in this passage?F democracy Govt 14(B)

G dictatorshipH socialismJ republic

Each content chapter begins with the relevant TEKS, Important Ideas, an Essential Question, and Geographic Terminology.

Why Your Students Need This Book …

y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y

Students interact with and apply what they read through Applying What You Have Learned and Acting as an Amateur Geographer activities that reinforce content and skills tested on the World Geography End-of-Course Assessment.

Each chapter ends with Study Cards and numerous multiple-choice questions.

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Books for Today’s Educational Needswww.jarrettpub.com

One of the hardest challenges facing World Geography teachers is making sense of the new, revised TEKS in World Geography. How can these be organized into a coherent course that students can easily follow and comprehend?

y Mastering the TEKS in World Geography is more focused on the new World Geography TEKS than anything else you can find.

y Introductory chapters provide test-taking strategies — including special techniques for answering every type of multiple-choice and data-based question.

y Content sections are written in a student-friendly style at a reading-level that students can easily comprehend. The book provides a concise survey of World Geography using a conceptual approach that covers every single TEKS.

y The book applies the latest educational research to help your students realize their full potential in learning, based on the prin-ciples of the National Research Council’s How People Learn and Robert Marzano’s Classroom Instruction that Works.

y Maps, photographs, and graphic organiz-ers clarify concepts and developments.

y Geographic Terminology lists every key term found in the World Geography TEKS.

y At the start of each content section, students will find one or more Essential Questions. Each Essential Question probes for a deeper understanding of the TEKS.

y Applying What You Have Learned and Acting as an Amateur Geographer activi-ties reinforce the TEKS with “hands-on” investigations, short research assign-ments, or application exercises based on what students have just learned.

y Learning with Graphic Organizers engage students by emphasizing conceptual relationships.

y Every chapter concludes with several Study Cards that highlight the most essen-tial information the student must know. Each unit ends with a Concept Map and a Pulling It All Together exercise.

y Checking Your Understanding sections rein-force learning and provide practice questions just like those that will be found the World Geography End-of-Course Assessment.

y A practice final examination provides fur-ther experience in answering multiple-choice questions.

y Written by nationally-recognized experts on testing and social studies.

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“Tightly aligned to the revised Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills, this book will help students master the skills and content they need to perform successfully on the World Geography End-of-Course Assessment. The organization is coherent, the text is comprehensive, and the examples clearly promote understanding.”— Greg Byers, Social Studies Coordinator, Alief ISD, former TSSSA President.

“This is the complete package needed to spring-board students into successfully passing the high stakes testing world that World Geog-raphy has now entered! This book will build the student’s knowledge base, whether you teach regionally or conceptually, in a manner that is meaningful and interesting.”

— Marci Smith Deal, Social Studies Coordinator, Hurst-Euless-Bedford ISD, and Steering Committee Member, Texas Alliance for Geographic Education.