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S o u t h D o w n s N a t i o n a l P a r k H e a t h l a n d V i s i t o r S u r v e y 2 0 1 4
Date: 3rd December, 2014 Version: FINAL Recommended Citation: Lake, S. & Liley, D. (2014) South Downs National Park Heathland Visitor Survey 2014. Unpublished report by Footprint Ecology for the South Downs National Park Authority. Front cover: Iping Common by Chris Gunn licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 2.0 Generic
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Summary
This report was commissioned by the South Downs National Park Authority in order to understand access patterns and visitor use of heathland areas within the National Park, focussing on the area approximately lying between Petersfield, Liphook, Haslemere and Pulborough. The survey included fieldwork to map the distribution of all car-parks and access points; counts of parked vehicles; counts of people and visitor interviews. A total of 224 access points were identified and mapped, 89 of which provided informal parking with a further 25 formal car-parks and 110 pedestrian access points. In total there were estimated to be 661 car-parking spaces. Six transects were undertaken counting all parked vehicles in the mapped parking locations. These counts covered a range of times of day and both weekdays and weekend days. Counts ranged from 79 to 114 vehicles, with a mean of 93.2. Accurate counts and face-face interviews were undertaken at a sample of nine access points, covering a range of different sites and different types of access points, including formal car-parks, informal parking locations and foot only access points. In total 306 groups were counted entering sites from the access points; these groups included 470 people and 422 dogs, giving an average group size across all survey points of 1.5 people and 1.4 dogs. This is equivalent to 0.89 dogs for each person counted. The survey point at Chapel Common was the busiest location. Across all sites combined and for four individual sites, early morning (0700-0900) on weekdays was the busiest survey session. In total, 242 interviews were conducted. Most interviewees were on a day trip/short visit and had travelled from home. The majority (78%) were dog walking. Other activities included walking (12%), wildlife watching (3%) and cycling (2%). The proportion of interviewees who were dog walking compared to other activities was particularly high at Chapel Common and Lord’s Piece. Ninety-six percent of interviewees with dogs said that they had (or intended to) let their dog off the lead on their visit. Most interviewees had spent or were planning to spend between 30 minutes and one hour on site and visited regularly (74% visited at least weekly). Chapel Common and Lord’s Piece had the greatest proportion of daily (or almost daily) visitors – corresponding to the sites with a high proportion of dog walkers. A high proportion of interviewees (86%) visited the site throughout the year. Most interviewees (85%) arrived by car, with only small numbers arriving on foot (12%), bicycle (2%) or horse (1%). People had chosen to visit the site where their interview took place for a range of reasons including habit or familiarity (44% responses), quality of the area (38%), scenery/views (30%), or it being good for the dog (28%). Most interviewees perceived access exclusions to protect wildlife, byelaws to limit BBQs, fines for not collecting dog waste and penalties to enforce anti-social behaviour as being positive measures, while a requirement to keep dogs on leads, the site being busy with lots of other people, and the provision of a cafe were perceived of as negative or unnecessary features. Interviewees’ routes (mapped as part of the interview) ranged from 50m to over 6km, with most between 2km and 3km. The mean route length for dog walkers was 2.19km. The median distance between the start of the route and the midpoint (measured ‘as the crow flies’) for all mapped routes
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was 562m, indicating the distance that the majority of visitors ‘penetrated’ into the site. Most (83%) interviewees did not/were not intending to leave the path or trail during their visit. A total of 225 interviews (93%) generated valid, full postcodes that could be plotted within a GIS. The distribution of interviewee postcodes shows a wide scatter. Many were residents at local settlements but there were a range of visitors from further afield including a scatter of locations along the south coast. The median distance from home postcode to survey point was 3.47km and the third quartile (i.e. the distance from which 75% of visitors had originated) was 6.68km.
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Contents
1. Introduction ............................................................................................ 5
Heathlands Reunited ................................................................................................. 5
Importance of Access ................................................................................................. 5
Nature conservation impacts of access...................................................................... 6
Aims of this report ..................................................................................................... 6
2. Methods .................................................................................................. 9
Distribution of car-parks and access points ............................................................... 9
Counts of parked vehicles .......................................................................................... 9
Counts of People and Visitor Interviews .................................................................. 11
Counts of people ................................................................................................................ 11
Face-face interviews ........................................................................................................... 11
Analysis and Data Presentation ............................................................................... 12
3. Results ................................................................................................... 15
Driving Transects...................................................................................................... 15
Tally Data ................................................................................................................. 17
Questionnaires ......................................................................................................... 20
Visitor interviews ............................................................................................................... 20
Type of visit ........................................................................................................................ 20
Activities ............................................................................................................................ 21
Duration, frequency and timing of visit .............................................................................. 22
Transport to site ................................................................................................................. 26
Reasons for visiting the site/area ....................................................................................... 27
Visitor perceptions of specific site features and how they might enhance their enjoyment
........................................................................................................................................... 31
Dogs ................................................................................................................................... 34
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Other sites visited .............................................................................................................. 36
Routes ...................................................................................................................... 38
Postcodes ................................................................................................................. 42
4. Discussion .............................................................................................. 48
Limitations ............................................................................................................... 48
6. References ............................................................................................. 49
7. Appendices ............................................................................................ 52
Appendix 1: Summary of survey dates and rainfall ................................................. 52
Appendix 2: Questionnaire ...................................................................................... 53
Appendix 3: Reasons for visiting .............................................................................. 59
Appendix 4: Reasons why visitors chose the site where they were interviewed to
visit .......................................................................................................................... 61
Appendix 5: The importance of measures on site ................................................... 63
Appendix 6: Features that would enhance enjoyment ............................................ 64
Appendix 7: Other sites ........................................................................................... 65
Appendix 8: Choice of route .................................................................................... 67
Appendix 9: Choice of route (“other” factors) ......................................................... 68
Acknowledgements
This report was commissioned by the South Downs National Park Authority. We are grateful to Jonathan Mycock for overseeing the work. We are grateful to all the land-owners who gave access for the survey work and the following for long hours interviewing and counting people: Graham Ault; Emily Brennan (SDNPA); Sarah Fisk (NT); Neil Gartshore (Footprint Ecology); Alison Giacomelli (RSPB); Jonathan Mycock (SDNPA); Lee New; Alison Pitts; Doug Whyte (Footprint Ecology) and Jane Willmott (SWT). Route data were digitised by Zoe Chappell (Footprint Ecology) and Kate Aulman (SDNPA).
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1. Introduction
Heathlands Reunited
1.1 This report was commissioned by the South Downs National Park Authority in order to
understand access patterns and visitor use on heathland areas within the National Park,
focussing on the area between Borden and Pulborough. The area includes a series of
heathland and wooded commons (Map 1), and these are the focus of ‘Heathlands
Reunited’, a project to facilitate and coordinate the conservation, enhancement,
reconnection and re-creation of the heaths. Heathlands Reunited has received initial
Heritage Lottery (HLF) funding to develop a full grant application, and the HLF funding is
being used to fund a range of surveys, of which this is one.
1.2 Access is a fundamental consideration in developing any plans or aspirations for
management, and looking strategically – at a landscape scale – brings particular
opportunities to both enhance access and ensure that negative impacts from access are
avoided or minimised. This survey therefore aims to explore the broad access patterns
and visitor use across a number of sites. The area of heathland within the project area
is around 1700ha1, spread across a number of fragments. The heaths are important for
nature conservation and the boundary encompasses at its northern end the Wealden
Heaths SPA, designated for the presence of Nightjar, Woodlark and Dartford Warbler.
Importance of Access
1.3 People enjoy the natural environment in many different ways (e.g. TNS Research
International 2011). Targeted visitor work on heathland sites is now widely available
and shows people use heaths near to their homes for activities such as dog walking,
walking, cycling, jogging and family outings (Clarke et al. 2006; Liley, Jackson &
Underhill-Day 2006; Clarke, Sharp & Liley 2008, 2010; Sharp, Lowen & Liley 2008; Liley,
D et al. 2009; Cruickshanks, Liley & Hoskin 2010). Such activities are entirely legitimate
and for most heathland sites it is very difficult or impossible to restrict access.
1.4 There is increasing understanding and acceptance in the conservation sector of the
multiple roles played by nature reserves and designated sites, and an increased
willingness to take into account the desires and needs of different user groups. Hand in
hand with this is a pragmatic acknowledgement that in some cases user groups will
carry out specific activities despite land managers’ best efforts to persuade them
otherwise, and that it is most effective to engage positively with users to achieve
acceptable outcomes.
1.5 One component of this acknowledgement of the importance of nature sites for people
has been the recognition that people need nature for their physical, mental and
spiritual wellbeing (e.g. Tansley 1945; Snyder 1990; Hammond 1998; English Nature
2002; Miller & Hobbs 2002; Alessa, Bennett & Kliskey 2003; Morris 2003; Bird 2004;
1 This figure derived from Natural England priority habitat inventory and is the sum of the area of polygons
that have lowland heathland as their main habitat.
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Thompson, Price & Galbraith 2005; Pretty et al. 2005; Saunders 2005; Robinson 2006). It
could be argued that conservation organisations have a moral obligation to promote
connectedness with nature to help meet peoples physical, mental and spiritual well-
being needs where possible. In any case, many organisations are in receipt of
government funding, a condition of which is often a contribution to societal well-being
(e.g. through educational visits).
1.6 Access may also play a positive role in engendering support and awareness of nature
conservation. There is evidence to suggest that an emotional affinity with nature plays a
role in individuals’ motivation to protect nature (Kals, Schumacher & Montada 1999;
Nisbet, Zelenski & Murphy 2009) and that increasing peoples connection to the natural
environment may be more effective than establishing laws and rules (Kaplan 2000).
Nature conservation impacts of access
1.7 In the past access and nature conservation have typically been viewed as opposing goals
(Adams 1996; Bathe 2007) to the extent that nature reserves often restricted visitor
numbers and access (e.g. through permits, fencing and restrictive routes). While such
approaches are now often considered old fashioned and inappropriate, recreational
access can impact on wildlife. Lowland heathland, particularly those sites in close
proximity to large human populations, have particular issues.
1.8 Impacts caused by recreational use of the heathlands have been well documented and
range from trampling damage to vegetation and soil, substrate erosion, path widening
and the creation of desire lines, dog fouling leading to vegetation change, litter,
introduction of non-native species, disturbance to species, increased incidence of fires,
pollution and noise (e.g. De Molinaar 1998; Kirby & Tantram 1999; Haskins 2000;
Murison 2002; Liley & Clarke 2003; Mallord 2005; Liley, Jackson, & Underhill-Day 2005;
Penny Anderson Associates 2006; Lowen et al. 2008). Impacts to breeding birds are a
particular issue. For Nightjar, Woodlark and Dartford Warbler there are studies that
show disturbance effects to breeding populations ranging from changes in their
settlement patterns and lowered nesting densities (Liley & Clarke 2003; Mallord 2005;
Liley et al. 2006; Mallord et al. 2007), to reduced productivity (Murison 2002; Murison
et al. 2007).
1.9 The challenge for the long-term management of many southern heathland sites is
therefore reconciling the conflicts between access and nature conservation; ensuring
that the nature conservation interest of sites is protected and enhanced while also
providing the access that is appropriate, beneficial and meets the demands of the local
population.
Aims of this report
1.10 Within the context set out above, a clear understanding of the current access patterns -
in terms of who visits, why they visit and how they choose to behave - is important.
Understanding the needs and aspirations of visitors and how these will change in the
future will ensure that the National Park can respond to demands for access.
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1.11 This report presents the results of visitor surveys undertaken by professional visitor
surveyors and local staff/volunteers at a selection of access points within the National
Park. Surveys included counts of parked cars, counts of people entering/leaving access
points and interviews with a random sample of people. A separate report
(predominantly maps) uses this data to develop models that capture the spatial
distribution of access across all heathland blocks and looks at the distribution of key
bird species in relation to access.
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2. Methods
2.1 The survey included the following key components:
Mapping the distribution of all car-parks and access points
Counts of parked vehicles
Counts of people and visitor interviews
2.2 The geographical focus of the survey was the southern half of the study area, lying
south-east of a line between Petersfield and Haslemere. This area was the focus
because there are some relatively recent visitor survey data for the northern sites
within the project area (UE Associates Ltd 2009).
Distribution of car-parks and access points
1.1 Car parking locations adjacent to access points across the network of heaths were
recorded on the ground by a surveyor physically mapping and recording the GPS
location, car park type (formal or informal) and car capacity while driving around the
area.
1.2 The parking locations were also checked against an OS 1:25,000 map and foot access
points were added where public footpaths and bridleway intersected with the study
site. In total 224 access points were mapped (Map 2). These are summarised in Table 1.
Table 1: Summary of access point type and parking capacity
Access point type Number of points Number of car parking spaces
Informal parking 89 364
Formal car parking 25 297
Foot access only 110 0
Total 224 661
Counts of parked vehicles
1.3 All car-parks were surveyed and counts of all parked vehicles in each were undertaken
as part of a series of driving transects. These transects involved driving round all sites
and counting the number of parked vehicles at each location and were carried out
between 18th and 27th July 2014.
1.4 In total six car-park transects (i.e. all locations counted six times) were undertaken at
the times listed below. These times were slightly different between weekends and
weekdays as budget constraints meant only a limited number of transects could be
undertaken and it was felt more important to cover a range of times of day rather than
allow a direct comparison between weekdays and weekend days.
On one weekday between 7am-9am, 10am – 12pm and 5pm – 7pm
On one weekend day between 10-12, 1pm -3pm and 5pm -7pm
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Counts of People and Visitor Interviews
2.3 Accurate counts and face-face interviews were undertaken at a sample of access points.
Professional surveyors undertook 10 days (80 hours) of face-face visitor fieldwork, split
evenly between 5 survey locations. The survey days were split such that the same
standard time periods were used (0700-0900; 1000-1200; 1300-1500; 1700-1900). Four
additional locations were identified for volunteers/local site staff to survey. Each
surveyor counted all people passing during each two hour period and interviews were
conducted with a random sample of people.
2.4 Survey points were selected to ensure that different types of access points and types of
user were covered, and included foot access points from nearby housing and both
informal parking and formal parking. Given the relatively low number of survey days
available to cover the area (and a requirement to spread surveys across the heathland
parcels), the points surveyed by professional surveyors included one foot access point
with the highest levels of nearby housing. Other survey points were weighted towards
formal car-parks, with three formal car parks and one informal car park of middling
capacity chosen.
1.5 The resulting selection of survey locations provided a good geographic spread across
the study area (see Map 2). They are listed in Table 2. Dates of survey visits and rainfall
are summarised in Appendix 1. It can be seen that equal survey coverage was not
achieved at all survey points (only four weekday sessions were undertaken at
Blackdown and one weekend session was missed at Wiggonholt).
Counts of people
2.5 Surveyors kept a tally of all people seen passing and entering/leaving the site. The
details of each survey point and the tally data collected are summarised in Table 2.
Counts of people provided accurate data on the number of people undertaking
different activities.
Face-face interviews
2.6 Face-face interviews provided visitor profiles, details of home postcodes and
information about the choice of site and site features that were important. A random
sample of people was interviewed. This was achieved by the surveyor approaching the
next person seen when not already interviewing somebody. The number of interviews
at each survey point therefore varied. At busy locations survey effort was focussed on
people leaving the site rather than just starting their walk.
2.7 No unaccompanied minors were approached and only one person per group (or party)
was interviewed. Questionnaires took around ten minutes to complete using a tablet
computer in the field (or in some cases paper copies of the questionnaire). A copy of
the questionnaire can be seen in Appendix 2.
2.8 The questionnaire included a section on where the interviewee had been/would go
during their visit. Surveyors carried a range of paper maps and quizzed the interviewee
regarding the paths, directions etc. taken, showing the interviewee the blank map as
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appropriate. Routes were cross-referenced to each interview and entered onto the GIS
as individual polylines.
Analysis and Data Presentation
2.9 Where possible, analysis has been undertaken to establish the statistical significance of
differences within the data collected (usually a Chi-square two-way test). Where this
was not possible (e.g. because of a high proportion of low or zero counts), the variation
is shown within tables and where appropriate shown graphically. Within tables, the
highest counts or percentages or totals have been shaded in grey to facilitate
interpretation of the data. In many cases it was necessary to exclude Iping Common
(north) from statistical comparison between sites, as only four people were interviewed
there.
2.10 Route data were summarised within the GIS (Mapinfo 10.5); with routes summarised by
route length (the length of the line, as mapped) and by ‘Penetration Distance’,
calculated as the distance between the interview point and the mid-point of the line,
measured as the crow flies. This distance therefore reflects how far visitors tend to
travel from the car-park/access point before turning back.
2.11 Postcodes were geo-referenced to a standard postcode database (Royal Mail Postzon
data), and the distance between interviewee’s home postcodes and the survey point
extracted within the GIS. This distance represents the straight-line distance (as the
crow flies) rather than the actual travel distance.
2.12 In considering differences between sites, it should be remembered that visitors were
usually only interviewed at one location per site, and that the nature of these locations
varied. For example, some were main access points with formal car parking provision,
others were subsidiary sites with little or no parking (see Table 2), and these factors
may account for some of the differences – in other words differences between sites
may relate to the choice of access point at each site surveyed as much as actual
differences based on geography.
2.13 Means are given + 1 standard error (a measure of the uncertainty of the mean) unless
otherwise stated.
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.
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Table 2: Survey locations for face-face interviews/direct counts of people. The numbers in the ID column are those used to label the points in Map 3. Grey shading indicates locations surveyed by Footprint Ecology surveyors.
Id Type CP
Spaces Site Name Notes Tally Details
15 Formal CP 10 Woolbeding Common main NT Woolbeding CP, view point, interpretation Tally counting all people passing through car-park or entering/leaving from the car-park on
foot.
45 Informal P 7 Chapel Common Series of pull-ins along track. Tally counting all people passing through car-park or entering/leaving from the car-park on
foot.
100 Informal P 8 Midhurst Common East side of road close to public footpath access to
common. Tally counting all people passing along path,
entering or leaving the common.
19 Formal CP 20 Blackdown Tennyson's Lane, 100m south, close to access to Owlswood
& Nuthatch (private houses. NT omega sign Blackdown.
Tally counting all people passing through car-park or entering/leaving from the car-park on
foot
150 Foot 0 Marley Common
Tally counting all people passing along path
181 Foot 0 Iping Common
Tally counting all people passing along path, entering or leaving the common or passing
past on circular path inside common
68 Formal CP 30 Lords Piece Berlavington Estate. Height restriction entrance to car-
park.
Tally counting all people passing through car-park or entering/leaving from the car-park on
foot
104 Formal CP 20 Iping (main car park) Height restriction entrance to car-park. Tally counting all people passing through car-park or entering/leaving from the car-park on
foot.
300 Formal CP 80 Wiggonholt Common In corner of RSPB car-park focussed only on people visiting
the Wiggonholt Common part
Tally counting all people entering/leaving from the car-park along track to Wiggonholt
Common .
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3. Results
Driving Transects
3.1 Six driving transects were undertaken. The total number of parked cars across all
parking locations on a single transect ranged from 79 to 114, with a mean of 93.2.
Direct comparison between weekend days and weekdays is difficult because the times
of day covered were different (see methods), and only a limited number of transects
were undertaken, however there appears relatively little difference between the two
(Table 3). The session with the most cars was early evening on a weekend, which was
the only count with over 100 vehicles. The morning transect on the weekend (1000-
1200) was the quietest, with only 79 vehicles counted. Data are summarised in Map 4
which shows the mean number of cars per point.
Table 3: Summary of driving transect results
Day of week Time of day Total count of cars parked
weekday 0700-0900 98
weekday 1000-1200 82
weekday 1700-1900 95
weekday total
275
weekend 1000-1200 79
weekend 1300-1500 91
weekend 1700-1900 114
weekend total
284
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Tally Data
3.2 Tally data are summarised in Table 4 (groups entering), Table 5 (people entering) and
Table 6 (dogs entering). In total 306 groups were counted entering the sites, these
groups included 470 people and 422 dogs, giving an average group size across all survey
points of 1.5 people and 1.4 dogs. This is equivalent to 0.89 dogs for each person
counted. The data suggest that people visiting between 0700 and 0900 are more likely
to be single visitors with a dog than at other times of day.
3.3 The survey point at Chapel Common was the busiest location (Figure 1); nearly a
quarter (23%) of all groups counted entering sites were counted here. Across all sites
combined, and for four individual survey points (Chapel Common, Iping Main Car-park,
Lord’s Piece and Blackdown2) the early morning session during the weekday was the
busiest survey period in terms of groups counted. For Midhurst Common the weekend
early morning session was the busiest.
Figure 1: Groups entering by site and time period (weekday in green, weekend day grey); from tally data
2 Note that Blackdown was however not surveyed at the weekend
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Table 4: Total number of groups entering, from tally data. Grey shading highlights the cell(s) with the highest value for each site. Sites are ranked with the busiest sites
listed first.
Location Name Location Code weekday weekend
Total 0700-0900 1000-1200 1300-1500 1700-1900 0700-0900 1000-1200 1300-1500 1700-1900
Chapel common 45 12 10 7 9 8 11 7 6 70
Iping main car-park 104 18 3 6 8 7 6 5 6 59
Lord's Piece 68 7 7 6 6 3 3 4 7 43
Wiggonholt 300 7 8 3 0 2
10 7 37
Woolbeding Common 15 3 4 7 5 0 5 2 5 31
Midhurst Common 100 5 2 2 1 8 5 4 3 30
Blackdown 19 8 0 6 5
19
Marley Common 150 2 4 0 0 0 0 3 3 12
Iping North 181 1 0 1 1 2 0 0 0 5
Total
63 38 38 35 30 30 35 37 306
Table 5: Total number of people entering, from tally data. Grey shading highlights the cell(s) with the highest value for each site. Sites are ranked with the busiest sites
listed first.
Location Name Location Code weekday weekend
Total 0700-0900 1000-1200 1300-1500 1700-1900 0700-0900 1000-1200 1300-1500 1700-1900
Chapel common 45 13 12 11 12 9 13 8 12 90
Iping main car-park 104 23 7 8 15 10 10 7 8 88
Wiggonholt 300 9 14 9 2 5
25 18 82
Woolbeding Common 15 4 6 12 7 2 13 4 10 58
Lord's Piece 68 7 8 10 7 3 4 6 12 57
Midhurst Common 100 5 7 7 2 8 9 5 3 46
Blackdown 19 9 0 9 7
25
Marley Common 150 2 6 0 0 0 0 7 4 19
Iping North 181 1 0 1 1 2 0 0 0 5
Total
73 60 67 53 39 49 62 67 470
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Table 6: Total number of dogs entering, from tally data. Grey shading highlights the cell(s) with the highest value for each site. Sites are ranked with the busiest sites
listed first.
Location Name Location Code weekday weekend
Total 0700-0900 1000-1200 1300-1500 1700-1900 0700-0900 1000-1200 1300-1500 1700-1900
Chapel common 45 21 12 7 11 11 18 11 10 101
Iping main car-park 104 23 1 6 8 11 12 10 7 78
Lord's Piece 68 12 9 13 11 3 1 10 11 70
Wiggonholt 300 9 10 2 5 8
11 6 51
Midhurst Common 100 4 6 5 0 12 8 9 2 46
Woolbeding Common 15 6 3 7 6 4 4 1 3 34
Blackdown 19 13 0 7 2
22
Marley Common 150 2 5 0 0 0 0 1 7 15
Iping North 181 1 0 2 0 2 0 0 0 5
Total 91 46 49 43 51 43 53 46 422
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Questionnaires
Visitor interviews
3.4 The total number of interviews across the nine sites was 242 (Table 7). Roughly equal
numbers of females and males were interviewed (51% female, 48 male, 1%
unspecified). Most interviewees were on their own (57%), with groups of two being the
next most common (36%) with small numbers of larger groups of up to nine individuals.
Table 7: The number of interviews carried out at different sites.
Site name No. of interviews carried out
Black Down 18
Chapel Common 53
Iping Common (main car park) 42
Iping Common (north) 4
Lords Piece 32
Marley Common 9
Midhurst Common 27
Wiggonholt Common 25
Woolbeding Common 32
Total 242
3.5 The age ranges for all members of groups from which one person was interviewed were
recorded for all but 10 groups. Sixty plus was the most common age range (38%),
followed by 46-59 (36%), with around five percent within the ranges of <16 and 17-25
and 15% within 26-45.
Type of visit
3.6 Most visitors were on a day trip/short visit and had travelled from home, with only 4%
on holiday in the area or staying with friends and family.
Table 8: Type of visit.
Which of the following best describes your situation today? No. of interviewees (%)
On a day trip/short visit & staying with friends or family 6 (2)
On a day trip/short visit and travelled from home 231 (96)
On holiday in the area, staying away from home 4 (2)
S o u t h D o w n s N a t i o n a l P a r k H e a t h l a n d V i s i t o r S u r v e y 2 0 1 4
21
Activities
3.7 The activity most commonly undertaken was dog walking (78% of interviewees).
Walking was the next most popular activity, followed by wildlife watching. ‘Other’ main
activities included horse-riding and motor biking.
Table 9: Activities undertaken.
What is the main activity you are undertaking today? No. of interviewees (%)
Cycling 4 (2)
Dog walking 188 (78)
Enjoy scenery 3 (1)
Jogging/power walking/exercise 4 (2)
Meet up with friends 1 (<1)
Other 4 (2)
Outing with family 3 (1)
Walking 28 (12)
Wildlife watching 7 (3)
3.8 A small number of Interviewees also mentioned secondary activities, which included
walking to work, watching the evening sun, and visiting with a partner undertaking
botany.
3.9 The proportion of interviewees who were dog walking compared to other activities (see
Table 10) was higher than expected (compared to the overall proportion of dog walkers
across all sites) at some sites. These were Chapel Common and Lord Piece. The
proportion of dog walkers was lower than expected at Blackdown Common, Iping
Common (main car park), Woolbeding Common and Wiggonholt Common (Chi-Sq. =
24.24, DF = 7, P-Value = 0.001).
S o u t h D o w n s N a t i o n a l P a r k H e a t h l a n d V i s i t o r S u r v e y 2 0 1 4
22
Table 10: The number of people (percentage) undertaking different activities at each site.
Bla
ck D
ow
n
Ch
ape
l Co
mm
on
Ipin
g C
om
mo
n (
mai
n
car
par
k)
Ipin
g C
om
mo
n (
no
rth
)
Lord
s P
iece
Mar
ley
Co
mm
on
Mid
hu
rst
Co
mm
on
Wig
gon
ho
lt C
om
mo
n
Wo
olb
edin
g C
om
mo
n
Cycling
1 (25)
2 (7)
1 (3)
Dog walking 11 (61) 50 (94) 31 (74) 3 (75) 30 (94) 7 (78) 20 (74) 17 (68) 19 (59)
Enjoy scenery
1 (4) 2 (6)
Jogging/power walking/exercise
1 (6)
1 (2)
1 (4)
1 (3)
Meet up with friends
1 (4)
Other
2 (5)
1 (4) 1 (3)
Outing with family 1 (6)
1 (3)
1 (3)
Walking 4 (22) 2 (4) 6 (14)
1 (3) 2 (22) 4 (15) 3 (12) 6 (19)
Wildlife watching 1 (6) 1 (2) 2 (5)
2 (8) 1 (3)
Total 18 53 42 4 32 9 27 25 32
Duration, frequency and timing of visit
3.10 Most interviewees had spent or were planning to spend between 30 minutes and one
hour on site. Very few people (<3%) spent over 2 hours, but a significant number spent
either less than 30 minutes or between one and two hours. Visit duration varied
between sites, with more interviewees than expected spending over one hour at
Blackdown and Wiggonholt Common, and fewer than expected spending over one hour
at Chapel Common, Iping Common (main car park) and Lord’s Piece (Chi-Sq = 39.365, DF
= 7, P-Value = 0.000.
Table 11. Visit duration.
How long have you spent/will you spend in the area today? No. of interviewees (%)
Less than 30 minutes 49 (20)
Between 30 minutes and 1 hour 152 (62)
1-2 hours 36 (15)
2-3 hours 4 (2)
More than 3 hours 1 (<1)
3.11 Most interviewees tended to visit daily, on most days or between one and three times a
week. A few visited monthly or less than one a month, and 8% were first-time visitors
(Table 12). One interviewee commented that she tended to avoid visiting in the winter
as it was muddy, while another liked to visit in hot weather as it was shady.
S o u t h D o w n s N a t i o n a l P a r k H e a t h l a n d V i s i t o r S u r v e y 2 0 1 4
23
Table 12: Visit frequency.
Over the past year, roughly how often have you visited? No. of interviewees (%)
Daily 69 (29)
Most days (180+ visits) 47 (19)
1 to 3 times a week (40-180 visits) 63 (26)
2 to 3 times per month (15-40 visits) 22 (9)
Once a month (6-15 visits) 15 (6)
Less than once a month (2-5 visits) 14 (5)
First visit 8 (3)
Other 4 (2)
3.12 The proportion of interviewees who visited daily at different frequencies also varied
between sites (see Table 13) with the greatest proportion of daily (or most days )
visitors at Chapel Common and Lord’s Piece and the greatest proportion of less
frequent visitors at Woolbeding and Iping (main car park) commons (Chi-Sq = 35.424,
DF = 14, P-Value = 0.001).
Table 13: Visit frequency. + indicates greater than expected, - less than expected and = as expected
Daily (or most days) 1-3 times a week less than once a week
Black Down + = -
Chapel Common + = -
Iping Common (main car park) - + + Lords Piece + = - Marley Common + - - Midhurst Common + - + Wiggonholt Common - + + Woolbeding - + + 3.13 The data suggest that visits were spread out throughout the day, although more took
place before 9am than at other times of day. Fewest visits occurred in the afternoon.
The visit time of one quarter of interviewees tended to vary (or they were unable to
answer).
Table 14: Visit timing
Do you tend to visit this area at a certain time of day? No. of interviewees (%)
Early morning (before 9am) 78
Late morning (between 9am and 12) 59
Early afternoon (between 12 and 2) 25
Late afternoon (between 2 and 4pm) 40
Evening (after 4pm) 63
Varies / Don't know 62
First visit 8
S o u t h D o w n s N a t i o n a l P a r k H e a t h l a n d V i s i t o r S u r v e y 2 0 1 4
24
3.14 There was an apparent difference between sites in terms of the time visits were usually
undertaken (a statistical test was not possible due a high number of low occurrences,
including periods where no interviewees were taken because no visitors were present).
Early morning was the most popular time at Chapel Common, Iping Common (north),
Marley Common and Wiggonholt Common. This is shown in Figure 2. At Blackdown and
Woolbeding, respondents did not have a particular time they visited (or were unable to
answer), and at Lords Piece evening was most popular.
Figure 2. Variation in the timing of visits between sites.
3.15 Most visitors interviewed tended to visit year around. A small number tended to visit
only in summer, winter, or a combination of other seasons. None visited only in spring
or autumn. Variation between sites is shown in Figure 3.
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
% in
terv
iew
ee
s w
ho
no
rma
lly v
isit
du
riin
g e
ach
tim
e s
pa
n
Early morning (before 9am) Late morning (between 9am and 12)
Early afternoon (between 12 and 2) Late afternoon (between 2 and 4pm)
Evening (after 4pm) Varies / Don't know
First visit
S o u t h D o w n s N a t i o n a l P a r k H e a t h l a n d V i s i t o r S u r v e y 2 0 1 4
25
Table 15: Visit seasonality
Do you tend to visit this area at a particular time of year? No. of interviewees (%)
Equally all year 207 (86)
Spring (Mar-May) only 0
Summer (Jun-Aug) only 9 (4)
Autumn (Sept-Nov) only 0
Winter (Dec-Feb) only 2 (1)
Summer (Jun-Aug) & Winter (Dec-Feb) 1 (<1)
Summer (Jun-Aug) & Autumn (Sept-Nov) 1 (<1)
Spring (Mar-May), Autumn (Sept-Nov) & Winter (Dec-Feb) 3 (1)
Spring (Mar-May) & Summer (Jun-Aug) 2 (1)
Spring (Mar-May), Summer (Jun-Aug) & Autumn (Sept-Nov) 6 (2)
First visit 8 (3)
Don't know 2 (1)
Figure 3. Variation in the seasonality of visits between sites.
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
% o
f in
terv
iew
ees
Spring (Mar-May) Summer (Jun-Aug) Autumn (Sept-Nov)
Winter (Dec-Feb) Equally all year First visit/Don't know
S o u t h D o w n s N a t i o n a l P a r k H e a t h l a n d V i s i t o r S u r v e y 2 0 1 4
26
Transport to site
3.16 Car (or van) was easily the most common mode of transport to the sites where
interviews were carried out, although 12% of interviewees walked, and a small number
arrived by bike, motorbike or on horseback.
Table 16: Modes of transport
How did you get here today? What form of transport did you use? No. of interviewees (%)
Car / van 204 (85)
On foot 28 (12)
Horse 3 (1)
Bicycle 4 (2)
Motorbike 1 (<1)
3.17 The average group size for interviewees arriving by car was 1.63 + 0.08, slightly higher
than for those arriving by foot: 1.39 + 0.09.
3.18 There was considerable variation between sites in the proportions of interviewees who
arrived by car/van and who walked, cycled or arrived by other means of transport (see
Figure 4). The proportion of interviewees arriving on foot were particularly high at Iping
Common (north) (but note that only four people were interviewed here and there is
very limited parking), also at Marley Common and Midhurst Common, whereas nobody
arriving on foot was interviewed at Black Down and Chapel Common.
Figure 4. Variation in the mode of transport between sites.
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
% o
f in
terv
iew
ees
Bicycle
Car / van
On foot
Other
S o u t h D o w n s N a t i o n a l P a r k H e a t h l a n d V i s i t o r S u r v e y 2 0 1 4
27
Reasons for visiting the site/area
3.19 All respondents were asked to give their reasons for visiting the particular site where
they were being interviewed, and to identify the main reason influencing their choice of
destination on that occasion. Responses were varied, but 44% visited out of habit or
familiarity with the site, and 38% because of the quality of the area. Thirty percent
mentioned the scenery or views, and 28% said it was good for the dog or the dog
enjoyed it. Parking and travelling was important for 27%. A proportion gave other
reasons than those listed in the questionnaire (31%). The most frequent of these was
that the site was “close to home” (13% of all respondents). Other reasons included flat
terrain, dry underfoot, a change of scene from their regular site, the mix of habitats, the
presence of shade and shelter, meeting other people and safety for dogs plus a range of
more personal reasons (meeting family, dropping someone off nearby etc.).
Table 17: Why interviewees chose to visit the site
Why did you choose to specifically visit this area today, rather than another local site?
No. of responses*
(%)
No. of interviewees (%) who gave this as main reason influencing their
choice of destination
Quick & easy travel route 49 (20) 19 (8)
Good / easy parking 18 (7) 1 (<1)
No need to use car 14 (6) 6 (2)
Habit / familiarity 107 (44) 82 (31)
Closest place to take the dog 15 (6) 4 (2)
Ability to let dog off lead 57 (24) 5 (2)
Closest place to let dog safely off lead 57 (24) 2 (1)
Good for dog / dog enjoys it 68 (28) 19 (8)
Quality of the area 93 (38) 13 (5)
Scenery / variety of views 72 (30) 10 (4)
Rural feel / wild landscape 18 (7) 4 (2)
Particular wildlife interest 19 (8) 7 (3)
Choice of routes 71 (29) 11 (5)
Right place for activity 21 (9) 5 (2)
Feels safe here 23 (10) 3 (1)
Quiet, with no traffic noise 26 (11) 2 (1)
Not many people 37 (15) 0
Refreshments / cafe/ pub 3 (<1) 2 (1)
Other, please detail 76 (31) 49 (20)
*Note that interviewees could give more than one response 3.20 The main reason most commonly given (for choosing the site where the interview took
place rather than another) was again habit or familiarity. Convenience (quick and easy
travel route) (8%), and closeness to home under “other” (13%) and factors concerning
suitability for dogs (13% in total) were also important. Reasons listed under “other” can
be seen in Appendix 3 .
S o u t h D o w n s N a t i o n a l P a r k H e a t h l a n d V i s i t o r S u r v e y 2 0 1 4
28
3.21 Reasons for visiting varied somewhat between sites (see Figure 5). Some key
differences are drawn out in Table 138 and all data are given in Appendix 4.
Table 18. Some key difference between sites in terms of the relative proportions of interviewees visiting for specified reasons.
High proportion Low proportion None
Reasons relating to dogs (all
combined)
Lord’s Piece
Chapel Common
Midhurst Common
Black Down
Marley Common Iping (north)
No need to use car/quick or
quick and easy travel route”
Iping Common (north)
Midhurst Common
Chapel Common
Iping Common (main car
park)
Lords Piece
Woolbeding Common
Quality of the area Wiggonholt Common
Woolbeding Common
Iping Common (north)
Marley Common
Scenery/rural feel Woolbeding Common Iping Common (north)
Marley Common
Habit Chapel Common
Lord’s Piece
Iping Common (north)
Marley Commons
Midhurst
S o u t h D o w n s N a t i o n a l P a r k H e a t h l a n d V i s i t o r S u r v e y 2 0 1 4
29
No need to use car Quick & easy travel route Good / easy parking Feels safe here Choice of routes Quality of the area Scenery / variety of views Rural feel / wild landscape Habit / familiarity Right place for activity Particular wildlife interest Good for dog / dog enjoys it Ability to let dog off lead Closest place to take the dog Closest place to let dog safely off lead Quiet, with no traffic noise Refreshments / cafe/ pub Not many people Other
Black Down Chapel Common
Iping Common (main car park)
Iping Common (north) Lords Piece
S o u t h D o w n s N a t i o n a l P a r k H e a t h l a n d V i s i t o r S u r v e y 2 0 1 4
30
Wiggonholt Common
Marley Common Midhurst Common Woolbeding
Figure 5: Variation in the reasons for visiting given between sites (all responses – note that this is not the proportion of individuals giving each response, as multiple responses were possible, but the proportion of responses that fall within each category). This data can be seen expressed in terms of percentages of interviewees in Appendix 7.
S o u t h D o w n s N a t i o n a l P a r k H e a t h l a n d V i s i t o r S u r v e y 2 0 1 4
31
Visitor perceptions of specific site features and how they might enhance their enjoyment
3.22 Visitors were asked whether they would find particular features negative or positive on
the site where they were interviewed. For most features, the majority of interviewees
expressed the same opinion. For example, access exclusions to protect wildlife, byelaws
to limit BBQs, fines for not collecting dog waste and penalties to enforce anti-social
behaviour were perceived of by most interviewees as being positive, while a
requirement to keep dogs on leads, a cafe, and the site being busy with lots of other
people were perceived as negative. Most people felt that the presence of a warden was
of little importance, and views were divided about picnic tables although more
interviewees considered these to be negative features than positive or of little
importance, similarly with path surfacing/maintenance3
Table 19. Visitor perceptions of specific site features.
Please indicate whether you see these site features as negative or positive at the site you visited?
No. of interviewees (%)
Little/no importance/irrelevant
Negative Positive
A requirement to keep dogs on leads 22 (9) 184 (77) 34 (14)
Access excluded from certain areas to protect wildlife 33 (14) 25 (10) 182 (76)
Byelaws to limit BBQs 35 (15) 16 (7) 189 (79)
Cafe 36 (15) 160 (68) 41 (17)
Fines for not collecting dog waste 38 (16) 45 (19) 156 (65)
Path network surfaced and maintained 45 (19) 126 (53) 68 (28)
Penalties/enforcement for unsociable behaviour 51 (21) 2 (1) 185 (78)
Picnic tables 57 (24) 106 (44) 77 (32)
Presence of a warden 152 (64) 14 (6) 73 (31)
Site busy with lots of other people 58 (24) 151 (63) 30 (13)
Toilets 43 (18) 147 (31) 50 (21)
3.23 Again, there were differences between sites (full data are presented in Appendix 5). A
smaller proportion of interviewees at Black Down than at other sites felt that a
requirement to keep dogs on leads would be negative. A particularly high proportion of
interviewees at Iping Common (north), Chapel Common and Lord’s Piece felt it would
be negative. A notably high proportion at these three sites also felt that access
restrictions to protect wildlife would be beneficial.
3.24 Views on whether improved path surface/better path maintenance would be beneficial
were very varied, with 100% of interviewees at Marley Common perceiving it as
negative, and 75% at Iping Common (north) and 68% at Wiggonholt saying it would be
positive.
3.25 At most sites, a requirement to pick up dog waste was perceived as being positive by
the majority of interviewees, although this was smaller at Lord’s Piece than other sites,
S o u t h D o w n s N a t i o n a l P a r k H e a t h l a n d V i s i t o r S u r v e y 2 0 1 4
32
and at Woolbeding Common opinion was fairly equally divided between negative and
positive, with about 25% feeling it was of little or no importance or irrelevant.
3.26 Views on the site being busy with lots of people were varied, with particularly high
proportion of interviewees suggesting this would be negative at Lord’s Piece, Marley
Common and Woolbeding Common.
3.27 Interviewees were also asked about features or actions that might enhance their
enjoyment of the site where they were interviewed. A large minority suggested that
there were no particular changes that would enhance their enjoyment (or they were
not sure). However, 15% felt that vegetation management would do so. Where
specified, this generally related to cutting back bracken along paths, ragwort control
and cutting grass. Vegetation management specifically for wildlife was mentioned by
two interviewees, and one asked for more views to be opened up while on the other
hand one stated they did not approve of cutting. Fourteen percent of respondents felt
that more dog bins would enhance their enjoyment of the site, although in several
cases this was mentioned in the context of enforcement (i.e. they felt that if penalties
were to be introduced, dog bins should be provided). One person felt that dog owners
should be more considerate, and another requested that an area with no access for
dogs should be provided.
3.28 Improvements to parking were mentioned by 11% of interviewees, and, in cases where
specific comments were recorded, related to dealing with potholes or improving
security, with one request to make the car park secure for dogs. Path maintenance was
mentioned by four percent of interviewees, and generally related to keeping paths clear
or resurfacing in very specific locations such as entry points.
3.29 Other features mentioned included installing more seating (benches or more informal
seating such as logs) (three percent of interviewees). The presence of cattle was raised
by 11 people (three percent), most of whom stated that they were worried by the
presence of cattle or requested notice of when they would arrive, although three
people specifically mentioned that they liked the cattle. There were requests for more
footpaths signs, interpretation about management, a map, more habitat management
and a bird viewing platform. All comments given can be seen in Appendix 6.
S o u t h D o w n s N a t i o n a l P a r k H e a t h l a n d V i s i t o r S u r v e y 2 0 1 4
33
Table 20: Changes that would enhance interviewees’ enjoyment.
Are there any particular changes at this site that you would like to see that would enhance your enjoyment of visits here?
No. of interviewees (%)
No change/nothing/not sure 112 (46)
Vegetation management: cutting/mowing etc. 37 (15)
More dog bins or measures relating to dog fouling 33 (14)
Improvements to parking (more spaces, better surface etc.) 26 (11)
More interpretation, information or guidance 20 (8)
More litter bins or measures relating to litter 11 (5)
Improved path surfacing/better maintained paths 9 (4)
More paths, e.g. longer routes, circular routes 2 (1)
Cafe, toilets or other facilities 1 (<1)
3.30 There were some clear differences between sites (see Table 21), particularly with regard
to the proportion of interviewees who felt no change was needed, vegetation
management, and measures relating to dog fouling. Measures falling under the “other”
category were given by a particularly high proportion of interviewees at Chapel
Common, who indicated that changes in the presence of cattle and in ragwort
management would increase their enjoyment of the site, among a variety of other
comments.
Table 21: Changes that would enhance interviewees’ enjoyment at each site (n.b. total number interviewed at Iping Common (north) was only four).
Site
No
ch
ange
/no
thin
g/n
ot
sure
Im
pro
vem
ents
to
par
kin
g (m
ore
sp
ace
s, b
ette
r su
rfac
e et
c.)
Veg
etat
ion
man
age
men
t:
cutt
ing/
mo
win
g et
c.
Mo
re d
og
bin
s o
r m
easu
res
rela
tin
g
to d
og
fou
ling
Mo
re li
tte
r b
ins
or
mea
sure
s
rela
tin
g to
litt
er
Im
pro
ved
pat
h s
urf
acin
g/b
ette
r m
ain
tain
ed p
ath
s
Mo
re p
ath
s, e
.g. l
on
ger
rou
tes,
ci
rcu
lar
rou
tes
Mo
re in
terp
reta
tio
n, i
nfo
rmat
ion
or
guid
ance
Oth
er/m
ore
det
ails
Caf
e, t
oile
ts o
r o
ther
fac
iliti
es
Black Down 33 6 0 17 11 17 0 39 17 0
Chapel Common 38 2 36 17 0 2 0 8 68 0
Iping Common (main car park)
62 0 7 2 0 17 0 2 17 0
Iping Common (north)
25 0 50 25 25 25 0 25 50 0
Lords Piece 44 6 0 41 6 0 0 0 50 0
Marley Common 78 0 11 0 0 11 0 0 22 0
Midhurst Common 48 7 11 11 15 15 0 4 26 0
Wiggonholt Common
40 12 4 8 0 16 8 12 24 0
Woolbeding 47 0 25 3 6 16 0 9 50 3
S o u t h D o w n s N a t i o n a l P a r k H e a t h l a n d V i s i t o r S u r v e y 2 0 1 4
34
Dogs
3.31 The majority of people interviewed had one of more dogs with them. There were 306
dogs recorded during interviews with 242 people, giving a mean figure of 1.24 dogs per
person4. Seventy-nine percent of interviewees had one or more dogs with them. Of
these, about 40% had more than one dog with them (including one person with eight
dogs).
4 Note that this is slightly lower than the figure derived from the tally data (1.4 dogs/person). The tally data is
likely to be more accurate as it is a total count of people, rather than a sample.
S o u t h D o w n s N a t i o n a l P a r k H e a t h l a n d V i s i t o r S u r v e y 2 0 1 4
35
Table 22: The number of interviewees with difference numbers of dogs.
No. of dogs with interviewee No. of interviewees (%)
0 51 (21)
1 116 (48)
2 54 (22)
3 11 (5)
4 6 (2)
5 2 (1)
7 1 (<1)
8 1 (<1)
3.32 Most dogs were off the lead (84%) when observed by the interviewers. Ninety-six
percent of interviewees with dogs said that they had (or intended to) let their dog off
the lead on their visit (note that some interviewees had one dog on a lead and one or
more dogs off the lead at the same time). There was substantial variation between
sites, with nearly all dogs (>90%) off the lead at Iping Common (north), Lord’s Piece,
Marley Common and Woolbeding Common and a relatively low proportion at Black
Down (see Figure 6).
Figure 6: The number of dogs (and dogs off the lead) at each site surveyed.
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
Black Down Chapel Common
Iping Common (main car
park)
Iping Common (north)
Lords Piece Marley Common
Midhurst Common
Wiggonholt Common
Woolbeding Common
No. of dogs No. dogs off lead
S o u t h D o w n s N a t i o n a l P a r k H e a t h l a n d V i s i t o r S u r v e y 2 0 1 4
36
Other sites visited
A total of 136 other sites were listed by interviewees as places that they also visited for the same
activity. Table 23 lists the most commonly visited sites. All sites mentioned can be seen in Appendix
7 and Figure 7 provides a visual representation of the frequency with which sites were mentioned.
Table 23: Other sites visited by interviewees to carry out the same activities as they enjoyed at the site where they were interviewed.
Do you visit any other open spaces locally to undertake the same activity? No. of references
Hindhead/Devil's Punch Bowl 30
Iping Common 30
Durford Heath 25
Bignor Hill 24
Harting Down 24
Linchmere Common 18
Woolbeding Common 18
Blackdown 17
Cowdray Park 17
Petworth Park 15
South Downs 15
Fittleworth common 10
Liss Forest 10
Marley Common 10
Pulborough Brooks 10
Midhurst Common 9
Stedham Common 9
The Severals 9
Chapel Common 7
Graffham Common 7
Iron Hill 7
Ludshott Common 7
Kithurst Hill 6
Petersfield Heath 6
Rogate Common 5
Sullington Warren 5
Swan Barn Farm 5
S o u t h D o w n s N a t i o n a l P a r k H e a t h l a n d V i s i t o r S u r v e y 2 0 1 4
37
Figure 7: Visual representation of the frequency with which interviewees mentioned other sites as other places they visited for the same activity (see
Appendix 7 for a full list).
S o u t h D o w n s N a t i o n a l P a r k H e a t h l a n d V i s i t o r S u r v e y 2 0 1 4
38
Routes
3.33 For the majority of people (62%), the route undertaken on the day when interviewed
was reflective of their usual route (Table 24). Roughly similar proportions had taken a
route that was much longer (16%) or much shorter (17%) than normal.
Table 24: Responses to Question 11, whether the route today was reflective of usual route
Response No. of interviewees (%)
Yes, normal 151 (62)
Much longer than normal 3 (1)
Much shorter than normal 39 (16)
Not sure/no typical visit 41 (17)
N/A (first visit) 8 (3)
3.34 Routes are shown in Map 5, which shows the extent to which interviewees’ routes
extended out from each surveyed access point.
3.35 Route lengths are summarised by activity in Table 25. For the main activities route
lengths ranged from just 50m to 6.65km. Most routes were between two and three
kilometres in length.
Table 25: Summary statistics of route lengths (km) by activity. Only activities with at least 4 routes mapped
are included.
Activity Routes mapped
Mean (+ 1 S.E.)
Min Max Median
Cycling 4 3.51 (0.96) 2.04 6.26 2.87
Dog walking 188 2.19 (0.07) 0.42 5.97 2.06
Jogging/power walking
4 3.72 (0.79) 2.64 6.06 3.08
Walking 28 2.81 (0.29) 0.05 6.65 2.55
Wildlife Watching
7 2.70 (0.56) 1.34 5.08 2.06
3.36 The ‘penetration distance’ (i.e. how far people tended to travel from the interview
point, measured as the crow flies) for one route was over 2km, but most interviewees
tended to stay much closer to the access point, with the median distance being 562m
from the interview point (Figure 8).
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Figure 8: Cumulative Percentage Curve for ‘Penetration Distance’ (the distance between the mid-point of
each route and the interview point, measured as the crow flies).
3.37 Interviewees were asked what might have influenced their choice of route. Most (49%)
indicated that they used their previous knowledge of the site to choose a route. Other
important factors were the weather, time and the activity undertaken. In all cases
where this was specified, except two, this related to dog walking. The two other cases
related to looking for wildlife. Appendix 8 gives the breakdown of reasons by site.
What, if anything, influenced your choice of route here today? No. of interviewees (%)
Activity undertaken (e.g. presence of dog) 47 (19)
Daylight 2 (1)
Followed a marked trail 11 (5)
Interpretation/leaflets 2 (1)
Muddy tracks / paths 4 (2)
Other people 11 (5)
Other/please detail: 37 (15)
Previous knowledge of area / experience 118 (49)
Shade 7 (3)
Time 41 (17)
Wanting to be near water 9 (4)
Weather 34 (14)
*Note that interviewees were able to give more than one response.
3.38 Other factors specified by interviewees included allowing the dog to choose the route,
choosing a short, flat or easy route, avoiding ponds due to blue-green algae, exploring,
0
25
50
75
100
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500
%
'Penetration Distance' (m)
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following a whim, avoiding cyclists, horse-riders or other dogs and a variety of other
reasons (see Appendix 9).
3.39 Most people interviewed were not intending to leave the footpath or trail during their
visit.
Table 26: Number (%) of interviewees starting off paths and trails during visit
Did you/do you intend to go off the footpath or trails during your visit today?
No. of interviewees (%)
Yes 38 (15)
No 200 (83)
Not sure 2 (1)
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Postcodes
3.40 A total of 225 interviews (93%) generated valid, full postcodes that could be plotted
within the GIS. Home postcodes of all visitors interviewed (apart from one person who
was on holiday and lived in Scotland) are shown in Maps 6-9.
3.41 The distribution of interviewee postcodes shows a wide scatter. Many were residents
at local settlements (Table 27), but there were a range of visitors from the south coast
(see Maps 6-8). Across all survey points, the mean distance from interviewee’s home
postcode to the survey point where interviewed was 8.44km (+ 2.63). There was one
interviewee from Scotland (their postcode was 582km from the survey point) and the
majority of interviewees were much more local than the mean suggests: the median
distance was 3.47km (i.e. 50% of interviewees came from postcodes within 3.47km) and
the third quartile (i.e. the distance from which 75% of visitors had originated) was
6.68km. Comparison between survey points (Figure 5) shows particularly local visitors
at Marley Common, Midhurst Common and to some extent Blackdown.
Figure 9: Distance from survey point to home postcode by survey location. Y axis truncated at 30km.
Boxplot shows the median value (horizontal line), interquartile range (box), the upper and lower limit of the
data (vertical lines) and outliers (asterisks).
Dis
tan
ce (
km)
Woo
lbeding
Wig
gonho
lt Com
mon
Mid
hurst
Com
mon
Marle
y Com
mon
Lord
s Piece
Ipin
g Comm
on (n
orth
)
Iping C
omm
on (m
ain car p
ark )
Chape
l Com
mon
Black D
own
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
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Table 27: Number of interviewees by settlement. Settlements defined using OS urban areas (2001) open source boundary data. Grey shading indicates combinations of
settlements and survey points with at least 5 interviewees.
Settlement
Survey Point
Total Black Down Chapel Common
Iping Common (main Car Park)
Iping Common (north) Lords Piece Marley Common Midhurst Common Wiggonholt Common Woolbeding
Amberley
1
1
Arundel
1
1
Bognor Regis
1 2
3
Chichester
1
2
3
Climping
1
1
Coldwaltham
3
1
4
Egham
1
1
Fernhurst
3 3
Fittleworth
5
5
Fleet
1
1
Grayswood 1
1
Haslemere 12
2
4
1 19
Haywards Heath
1
1
Liphook 1 7
2 10
Liss
20
1 21
Littlehampton
2
2
4
Lodsworth
1
1
Midhurst
10
19
7 36
Oxford 1
1
Petersfield
10 3
1 14
Pulborough
4
5
9
Richmond upon Thames
1
1
Rushfield
1
1
Shoreham
1 1
South Harting
3
3
Stedham
5 3
3 11
Steyning/Upper Beeding
1
1
Storrington
4
4
Waterlooville
1
1
West Chiltington Common
1
4
5
Worthing
1
1
Total 15 38 28 3 17 5 23 21 19 169
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4. Discussion
4.1 A range of visitor data are presented and summarised and these describe a snapshot of
access patterns across a wide area. The survey design is one that can be repeated in
the future and the data is tiered with different levels of detail/coverage. The counts of
parked vehicles provide counts across all the southern heathland blocks. At a sample of
access points there are detailed counts of people and then a sub-set of these has been
interviewed.
4.2 The car-park counts indicate – at any one time – around 93 vehicles present. The mean
group size for interviewees who arrived by car was 1.63 people; this would suggest that
at any one time there would be 155 people on the surveyed heaths who had arrived by
car. These data are summarised in more detail spatially in a separate report (Liley &
Lake 2014) , where they are used to derive a model showing predicted access levels
across all sites. Such data provides a basis for comparing sites and can be combined
with other data such as bird distribution or productivity data.
Limitations
4.3 The data provide a basis for generating estimates of visitor numbers and distribution
across all sites. In scaling up the data or using it for comparative purposes it is
important to highlight that the interviews were with a sample of visitors. While every
attempt was made to ensure a random sample of people were interviewed, certain
activities (such as cycling), are likely to be under-sampled (in the case of cycling as users
are likely to travel at speed and therefore harder to stop and interview).
4.4 Given that only a small sample of access points were surveyed (9 out of 224), the visitor
interviews may not have captured the full range of activities and the proportions of
visitors undertaking different activities may not necessarily reflect the overall levels of
each type of use.
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6. References
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Clarke, R.T., Liley, D., Underhill-Day, J.C. & Rose, R.J. (2006) Visitor Access Patterns on the Dorset Heaths. English Nature.
Clarke, R.T., Sharp, J. & Liley, D. (2008) Access Patterns in South-East Dorset. The Dorset Household Survey: Consequences for Future Housing and Greenspace Provision. Footprint Ecology.
Clarke, R.T., Sharp, J. & Liley, D. (2010) Ashdown Forest Visitor Survey Data Analysis. Natural England Commissioned Report, Natural England.
Cruickshanks, K., Liley, D. & Hoskin, R. (2010) Suffolk Sandlings Visitor Survey Report. Footprint Ecology / Suffolk Wildlife Trust.
English Nature. (2002) Lowland Heathland- a Cultural and Endangered Landscape. English Nature, Peterborough.
Hammond, N. (1998) Modern Wildlife Painting. Pica Books, Sussex.
Haskins, L. (2000) Heathlands in an urban setting - effects of urban development on heathlands of south-east Dorset. British Wildlife, 11, 229–237.
Kals, E., Schumacher, D. & Montada, L. (1999) Emotional Affinity toward Nature as a Motivational Basis to Protect Nature. Environment and Behavior, 31, 178–202.
Kaplan, S. (2000) New Ways to Promote Proenvironmental Behavior: Human Nature and Environmentally Responsible Behavior. Journal of Social Issues, 56, 491–508.
Kirby, J.S. & Tantram, D.A.S. (1999) Monitoring Heathland Fires in Dorset: Phase 1.
Liley, D. & Clarke, R.T. (2003) The impact of urban development and human disturbance on the numbers of nightjar Caprimulgus europaeus on heathlands in Dorset, England. Biological Conservation, 114, 219 – 230.
Liley, D., Clarke, R.T., Mallord, J.W. & Bullock, J.M. (2006) The Effect of Urban Development and Human Disturbance on the Distribution and Abundance of Nightjars on the Thames Basin and Dorset Heaths. Natural England / Footprint Ecology.
Liley, D, Jackson, D & Underhill-Day, J C. (2005) Visitor Access on the Thames Basin Heaths. Unpublished report to English nature, Footprint Ecology, Wareham Dorset.
Liley, D, Underhill-Day, J, White, J & Sharp, J. (2009) Evidence Base Relating to Cannock Chase SAC and the Appropriate Assessment of Local Authority Core Strategies. Footprint Ecology / Stafford Borough Council.
Liley, D., Jackson, D.B. & Underhill-Day, J.C. (2006) Visitor Access Patterns on the Thames Basin Heaths. English Nature, Peterborough.
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Liley, D. & Lake, S. (2014) Distribution of Annex I Birds in Relation to Visitor Pressure in the SOuth Downs National Park. Unpublished report by Footprint Ecology for the South Downs National Park Authority.
Lowen, J., Liley, D., Underhill-Day, J. & Whitehouse, A.T. (2008) Access and Nature Conservation Reconciliation: supplementary guidance for England.
Mallord, J.W. (2005) Predicting the Consequences of Human Disturbance, Urbanisation and Fragmentation for a Woodlark Lullula Arborea Population. UEA, School of Biological Sciences, Norwich.
Mallord, J.W., Dolman, P.M., Brown, A.F. & Sutherland, W.J. (2007) Linking recreational disturbance to population size in a ground-nesting passerine. Journal of Applied Ecology, 44, 185–195.
Miller, J.R. & Hobbs, R.J. (2002) Conservation Where People Live and Work. Conservation Biology, 16, 330–337.
De Molinaar, H.J.G. (1998) On-the-Spot Appraisal of the Dorset Heathland, UK. Report and Recommendations to the Standing Committee on The Convention on the Conservation of European Wildlife and Natural Habitats. Council of Europe., Strasbourg:
Morris, N. (2003) Health, Well-Being and Open Space Literature Review. Edinburgh Colleage of Art and Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh.
Murison, G. (2002) The Impact of Human Disturbance on the Breeding Success of Nightjar Caprimulgus Europaeus on Heathlands in South Dorset, England. English Nature, Peterborough.
Murison, G., Bullock, J.M., Underhill-Day, J., Langston, R., Brown, A.F. & Sutherland, W.J. (2007) Habitat type determines the effects of disturbance on the breeding productivity of the Dartford Warbler Sylvia undata. Ibis, 149, 16–26.
Nisbet, E.K., Zelenski, J.M. & Murphy, S.A. (2009) The Nature Relatedness Scale: Linking Individuals’ Connection With Nature to Environmental Concern and Behavior. Environment and Behavior, 41, 715–740.
Penny Anderson Associates. (2006) A Review of the Effects of Recreation and Sport on Nature Conservation. English Nature, Peterborough.
Pretty, J., Griffin, M., Peacock, J., Hine, R., Selens, M. & South, N. (2005) A countryside for health and well-being: the physical and mental health benefits of green exercise. Countryside Recreation, 13, 2–7.
Robinson, J.G. (2006) Conservation Biology and Real-World Conservation. Conservation Biology, 20, 658–669.
Saunders, G. (2005) Knowing from the start. ECOS, 26.
Sharp, J., Lowen, J. & Liley, D. (2008) Recreational Pressure on the New Forest National Park, with Particular Reference to the New Forest SPA. New Forest National Park Authority / Footprint Ecology.
Snyder, G. (1990) The Practice of the Wild. North Point Press, New York.
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Tansley, A.G. (1945) Our Heritage of Wild Nature. Cambridge University Press.
Thompson, D.B.A., Price, M.F. & Galbraith, C.A. (2005) Mountains of Northern Europe: Conservation, Management, People and Nature. Scottish Natural Heritage, Edinburgh, UK.
TNS Research International. (2011) NECR083 - Monitor of Engagement with the Natural Environment: The national survey on people and the natural environment - Annual Report from the 2010-11 survey, http://naturalengland.etraderstores.com/NaturalEnglandShop/NECR083
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7. Appendices
Appendix 1: Summary of survey dates and rainfall
The table shows the dates individual locations were surveyed. Grey shading indicates a two hour period with rain, with the intensity of shading reflecting
the amount of time during the two hour session that rain was falling: the darkest shade indicates rain for at least three quarters of the time (this intensity
was recorded for three 2 hour sessions); medium grey shading indicates rain for 25-50% of the session (one session) and pale grey reflects rain for up to a
quarter of the session (11 sessions). 52 sessions were without rain.
Location Name
Location Code
weekday weekend Total number survey
sessions
0700-0900 1000-1200 1300-1500 1700-1900 0700-0900 1000-1200 1300-1500 1700-1900
Blackdown 19 21/08/2014 21/08/2014 20/08/2014 20/08/2014
4
Chapel common 45 13/08/2014 13/08/2014 13/08/2014 13/08/2014 19/07/2014 19/07/2014 19/07/2014 19/07/2014 8
Iping main car-park 104 31/07/2014 31/07/2014 31/07/2014 31/07/2014 02/08/2014 02/08/2014 02/08/2014 02/08/2014 8
Lord's Piece 68 11/08/2014 11/08/2014 11/08/2014 11/08/2014 10/08/2014 10/08/2014 10/08/2014 10/08/2014 8
Marley Common 150 01/08/2014 01/08/2014 01/08/2014 01/08/2014 03/08/2014 03/08/2014 03/08/2014 03/08/2014 8
Midhurst Common 100 05/08/2014 05/08/2014 05/08/2014 06/08/2014 23/08/2014 24/08/2014 24/08/2014 24/08/2014 8
Iping North 181 18/08/2014 12/08/2014 05/08/2014 05/08/2014 09/08/2014 24/08/2014 20/08/2148 09/08/2014 8
Wiggonholt 300 12/08/2014 12/08/2014 12/08/2014 12/08/2014 10/08/2014
10/08/2014 10/08/2014 7
Woolbeding Common 15 12/08/2014 12/08/2014 12/08/2014 12/08/2014 20/07/2014 20/07/2014 20/07/2014 20/07/2014 8
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Appendix 2: Questionnaire Good morning/afternoon. I am conducting a visitor survey for the South Downs National Park Authority and wondered if you could spare me a few minutes to answer some questions about your visit today? Q1 Which of the following best describes your situation today? Read list, single response only. On a day trip/short visit and travelled from home On a day trip/short visit & staying with friends or family On holiday in the area, staying away from home Other, please detail Further details Q2 What is the main activity you are undertaking today? Tick closest answer. Do not prompt. Single response only. Dog walking Walking Jogging/power walking/exercise Outing with family Cycling Wildlife watching Meet up with friends Enjoy scenery Photography Other: Further details/other Q3 How long have you spent / will you spend in the area today? Single response only. Less than 30 minutes Between 30 minutes and 1 hour 1-2 hours 2-3 hours More than 3 hours Q4 Over the past year, roughly how often have you visited this area? Tick closest answer, single response only. Only prompt if interviewee struggles. Daily Most days (180+ visits) 1 to 3 times a week (40-180 visits) 2 to 3 times per month (15-40 visits) Once a month (6-15 visits)
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Less than once a month (2-5 visits) Don't know First visit Other, please detail Further details: Q5 Do you tend to visit this area at a certain time of day? Tick closest answers. Multiple answers ok. Early morning (before 9am) Late morning (between 9am and 12) Early afternoon (between 12 and 2) Late afternoon (between 2 and 4pm) Evening (after 4pm) Varies / Don't know First visit Q6 Do you tend to visit this area more at a particular time of year for [insert given activity]? Multiple answers ok. Spring (Mar-May) Summer (Jun-Aug) Autumn (Sept-Nov) Winter (Dec-Feb) Equally all year Don't know First visit Q7 How did you get here today? What form of transport did you use? Single response only. Car / van On foot Public transport Bicycle Other, please detail Further details: Q8 Why did you choose to specifically visit this area today, rather than another local site? Tick all responses given by visitor in the 'other' column. Do not prompt, tick closest answers. Then ask Which would you say had the most influence over your choice of site to visit today? Tick only one main reason. Use text box for answers that cannot be categorised and for further information. Don't know / others in party chose Main Other
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No need to use car Quick & easy travel route Good / easy parking Feels safe here Choice of routes Quality of the area Scenery / variety of views Rural feel / wild landscape Habit / familiarity Right place for activity Particular wildlife interest Good for dog / dog enjoys it Ability to let dog off lead Closest place to take the dog Closest place to let dog safely off lead Quiet, with no traffic noise Refreshments / cafe/ pub Not many people Other, please detail Further details: Q9 I would now like to ask you about different site features and in general whether you see them as positive or negative features at the sites you visit. For each of the following features in turn, please indicate whether you see it as negative, little/no importance or positive features. A requirement to keep dogs on leads Negative Little/no importance/irrelevant Positive Access excluded from certain areas to protect wildlife Presence of a warden Path network surfaced and maintained Byelaws to limit BBQs Fines for not collecting dog waste Penalties/enforcement for unsociable behaviour Picnic tables Toilets Cafe Site busy with lots of other people
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Q10 Are there any particular changes at this site that you would like to see that would enhance your enjoyment of visits here?Do not prompt. Tick any that apply. Use free text box for any responses that are not easily categorised. No change/nothing/not sure Improvements to parking (more spaces, better surface etc) Vegetation management: cutting/mowing etc More dog bins or measures relating to dog fouling More litter bins or measures relating to litter Improved path surfacing/better maintained paths More paths, e.g. longer routes, circular routes More interpretation, information or guidance Cafe, toilets or other facilities Other/more details Now I'd like to ask you about your route today. looking at the area shown on this map, can you show me where you started your visit today, the finish point and your route please. Probe to ensure route is accurately documented. Use P to indicatewhere the visitor parked, E to indicate the start point and X to indicate the exit. Mark the route with a line; a solid line for the actual route and a dotted line for the expected or remaining route. Q11 Is / was your route today reflective of your usual route when you visit here for [insert given activity]? Tick closest answer, do not prompt. Single response only. Yes, normal Much longer than normal Much shorter than normal Not sure / no typical visit First visit Q12 What, if anything, influenced your choice of route here today? Tick closest answers, do not prompt. Multiple responses ok. Weather Daylight Time Other people Group members (eg kids, less able) Muddy tracks / paths Followed a marked trail Previous knowledge of area / experience Activity undertaken (eg presence of dog) Interpretation/leaflets
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Wanting to be near water Shade Other/please detail: Further details: Q13 Did you/do you intend to go off the footpath or trails during your walk today? If interviewee refuses to answer then leave blank Yes No Not sure Q14 If 'dog walker main 'Dog walkers only: Did you/will you let your dog off the lead during your walk here today? If interviewee refuses to answer then leave blank Yes No Not sure Q15 Do you visit any other open spaces locally for [insert activity]? Yes No Don't know/not sure Q16 if 'yes' If yes, could you tell us the name of up to three of the main other sites you visit? site 1 site 2 site 3 Q17 What is your full home postcode? This is an important piece of information, please make every effort to record correctly. Q18 If visitor is unable or refuses to give postcode: What is the name of the nearest town or village? Q19 If visitor is on holiday ask: Which town / village are you staying in? Q20 How many people in your party fall into the following age categories? Enter the number of people per category. Children under 16 Adult 16-25 26-45 46-59 60+
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Q21 Finally, do you have any other comments about your visit and access to this area? That is the end of the questionnaire. Thank you very much indeed for your time. While the questionnaire has not personal information we are separately also collecting details of people's names and contact details if they might be interested in becoming more involved with the National Park, for example as a volunteer. Please feel free to put your name on the list if you are interested. Q22 Details to be completed by surveyor after interview completed Surveyor initials Month (number, eg 01) Day (number, eg 02) Hour (24 hour, eg 09) Minute (number, eg 05) Survey location code Gender of respondent Total number people in Interviewed group Total males Total females Number of dogs Number of dogs off lead Q23 Surveyor comments. Note anything that may be relevant to the survey, including any changes to the survey entry that are necessary, e.g. changes to answers.
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Appendix 3: Reasons for visiting
Reasons for which interviewees visited the site where they were interviewed rather than another
listed under the category “other”
Because it is invigorating
Because it is scenically beautiful
Been to local scout hut
Better today for horse no flies and good going
Came to have a picnic and let the children run about
Change of scenery, sociable
Close to home (x32)
Easy access for horse
Convenience x 3
Convenient/equidistant for both people x 2
Curiosity
Dog can enjoy absolute freedom
Dropping son off locally
Drove by yesterday, moved recently to the area
Dry underfoot (x7)
Can work dogs in the bracken
Defined route
Mixed habitats/Good variety of habitat and terrain/good mixture/natural habitat x5
En route from bird surveying elsewhere
Family connection
Favourite site
Fenced in so dogs are safe x3
Flat terrain x 5
Following a trail from newspaper/internet x2
For a change of site (x6)
Give the dog a change
Hadn't been here for a week
Have time, like the area
Husbands family live here, refresh memories
Interesting site, young dog
Introduced by a friend
Lack of other local sites
Like the open landscape x2
Like the ponds/proximity of a pond/dog pools x 3
Looking for two species of eye bright
Lots of space to run around/space x3
National trust info re walk
Nice to meet other people/sociable site/good to meet other dog owners x 5
No deer
No traffic x 2
Parents live nearby - visiting
Part of a circuit
Passed by a few days ago
Personal reasons
Quick/short/easy walk x3
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Quiet site/peaceful /never gets too busy x3
Relatively flat walk required
RSPB visit (x2)
Safe for the dog (x2)
Sense of history
Shady important when hot. Sometimes in bad weather use this site for dog walking as shady and sheltered x 3
To avoid Cowdray park
Used to be local
Visiting parent’s house
Visiting shop nearby so decided to come here/ passing close by so popped in rather than go to usual places near home/en route to Midhurst x3
Walking/exercise x2
With overseas visitor/ to show a friend x2
Work locally
Young dog training
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Appendix 4: Reasons why visitors chose the site where they were interviewed to visit Number of people (%) at each site who gave specific reasons why they visited the site they were interviewed at to visit.
Bla
ck D
ow
n
Ch
ape
l Co
mm
on
Ipin
g C
om
mo
n
(mai
n c
ar p
ark)
Ipin
g C
om
mo
n
(no
rth
)
Lord
s P
iece
Mar
ley
Co
mm
on
Mid
hu
rst
Co
mm
on
Wig
gon
ho
lt
Co
mm
on
Wo
olb
edin
g
No need to use car
0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 2 (50) 1 (3.1) 1 (11.1) 9 (33.3) 0 (0) 1 (3.125)
Quick & easy travel route
5 (27. 8) 6 (11. 1) 2 (4.7) 3 (75) 3 (9.4) 0 (0) 19 (70.4) 11 (44) 0 (0)
Good / easy parking
1 (5. 6) 9 (16.9) 0 (0) 0 (0) 2 (6.3) 0 (0) 2 (7.4) 3 (12) 1 (3.125)
Feels safe here 1 (5. 6) 7 (13.2) 0 (0) 0 (0) 5 (15.6) 0 (0) 4 (14.8) 5 (20) 1 (3.125)
Choice of routes 3 (16. 7) 32 (60.4) 5 (11.9) 1 (25) 11 (34.45) 0 (0) 3 (11.1) 4 (16) 12 (37.5)
Quality of the area
4 (22.2) 23 (43.4) 4 (9.5) 0 (0) 23 (71.8) 0 (0) 2 (7.4) 12 (48) 25 (78.125)
Scenery / variety of views
4 (22.2) 13 (24.5) 6 (14.3) 0 (0) 14 (43.8) 0 (0) 5 (18.5) 4 (16) 26 (81.25)
Rural feel / wild landscape
2 (11.1) 8 (15.1) 3 (7.13) 0 (0) (0) 0 (0) 2 (7.4) 1 (4) 2 (6.25)
Habit / familiarity
3 (16. 7) 45 (84.9) 4 (9.5) 0 (0) 28 (87.5) 0 (0) 0 (0) 5 (20) 22 (68.75)
Right place for activity
2 (11.1) 5 (9.4) (0) 0 (0) 1 (3.1) 0 (0) 7 (25.9) 2 (8) 4 (12.5)
Particular wildlife interest
1 (5. 6) 6 (11.3) 2 (4.7) 0 (0) 1 (3.1) 0 (0) 0 (0) 6 (24) 3 (9.375)
Good for dog / dog enjoys it
2 (11.1) 21 (39.6) 8 (19.0) 0 (0) 7 (21.9) 1 (11.1) 9 (33.3) 10 (40) 10 (31.25)
Ability to let dog off lead
0 (0) 24 (45.3) 1 (2.4) 0 (0) 16 (50) 0 (0) 7 (25.9) 0 (0) 9 (28.1)
S o u t h D o w n s N a t i o n a l P a r k H e a t h l a n d V i s i t o r S u r v e y 2 0 1 4
62
Bla
ck D
ow
n
Ch
ape
l Co
mm
on
Ipin
g C
om
mo
n
(mai
n c
ar p
ark)
Ipin
g C
om
mo
n
(no
rth
)
Lord
s P
iece
Mar
ley
Co
mm
on
Mid
hu
rst
Co
mm
on
Wig
gon
ho
lt
Co
mm
on
Wo
olb
edin
g
Closest place to take the dog
1 (5.6) 2 (3.7) 3 (7.1) 0 (0) 4 (12.5) 0 (0) 4 (14.8) 1 (4) 0 (0)
Closest place to let dog safely off lead
0 (0) 25 (47.2) 0 (0) 0 (0) 24 (75) 0 (0) 4 (14.8) 0 (0) 4 (12.5)
Quiet, with no traffic noise
2 (11.1) 7 (13.2) 1 (2.3) 1 (25) 2 (6.25) 0 (0) 1 (3.7) 1 (4) 11 (34.3)
Refreshments / cafe/ pub
0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 3 (12) 0 (0)
Not many people
1 (5. 6) 13 (24.55) 1 (2.3) 0 (0) 9 (28.125) 0 (0) 0 (0) 2 (8) 11 (34.3)
Other 0 (0) 17 (32.1) 24 (57.1) 0 (0) 13 (40.6) 8 (88.8) 1 (3.7) 1 (4) 12 (37.5)
S o u t h D o w n s N a t i o n a l P a r k H e a t h l a n d V i s i t o r S u r v e y 2 0 1 4
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Appendix 5: The importance of measures on site The percentage of interviewees at each site who considered measures to be of Little/no importance/irrelevant (0), negative (-) or positive (+). BD – Blackdown, CC – Chapel
Common, IP(m) Iping (main car park), IP(N) Iping Common north, LP – Lords Piece, MaC Marley Common, MiC – Midhurst Common, WC – Wiggonholt Common, WbC –
Woolbeding Common.
Site
A r
equ
irem
ent
to
kee
p d
ogs
on
lead
s
Acc
ess
excl
ud
ed
fro
m c
erta
in a
reas
to
pro
tect
wild
life
Pre
sen
ce o
f a
war
den
Pat
h n
etw
ork
surf
aced
an
d
ma
inta
ined
Bye
law
s to
lim
it
BB
Qs
Fin
es f
or
no
t co
llect
ing
do
g w
aste
Pen
alti
es/e
nfo
rcem
ent
for
un
soci
able
b
ehav
iou
r
Pic
nic
tab
les
Toile
ts
Caf
e
Site
bu
sy w
ith
lots
o
f o
ther
peo
ple
0 - + 0 - + 0 - + 0 - + 0 - + 0 - + 0 - + 0 - + 0 - + 0 - + 0 - +
BD 17 56 28 6 17 78 56 6 39 11 56 33 0 11 89 6 17 78 0 0 100 22 33 44 0 67 33 17 56 28 22 61 17
CC 4 85 11 8 2 91 79 2 19 21 68 11 9 6 85 17 21 62 28 0 72 15 62 23 9 85 6 4 87 10 30 60 9
IP(m) 15 68 17 17 20 63 54 12 34 12 61 24 20 2 78 17 12 71 17 0 83 20 56 24 22 61 17 20 71 10 37 54 10
IP(N) 0 100 0 0 0 100 25 25 50 25 0 75 0 0 100 0 25 75 0 0 100 0 100 0 0 75 25 0 100 0 25 25 50
LP 3 87 10 0 0 100 77 0 23 19 58 23 3 6 90 16 32 52 30 3 67 26 45 29 10 84 6 6 87 6 10 87 3
MaC 22 67 11 44 0 56 44 22 33 0 100 0 33 0 67 22 11 67 11 0 89 22 56 22 11 67 22 11 78 11 11 89 0
MiC 7 74 19 33 7 59 59 11 30 30 19 52 37 11 52 19 7 74 22 0 78 30 48 22 48 30 22 41 44 15 42 31 27
WC 12 76 12 20 28 52 54 0 46 28 4 68 12 8 80 4 4 92 4 0 96 28 4 68 32 0 68 29 0 71 20 64 16
WbC 9 78 13 9 13 78 63 3 34 16 69 16 16 9 75 26 35 39 39 3 58 38 22 41 13 69 19 6 84 9 6 81 13
S o u t h D o w n s N a t i o n a l P a r k H e a t h l a n d V i s i t o r S u r v e y 2 0 1 4
64
Appendix 6: Features that would enhance enjoyment
Comments made about features that would enhance interviewees’ enjoyment of the site at
which they were interviewed:
Better security, car break-ins a problem and damage to cars
Boardwalks
Bracken needs to be cut back from paths/for wild flowers x 4
Byways should remain open to all traffic and classification should not change
Cafe, picnics and litter bins will attract more rubbish
Car park holes need maintenance from time to time- not tarmacked
Cattle presence is worrying /quieter cattle needed/ would like to know when cattle returning x 8
Clear vegetation along footpaths x 6
Covers for leaflets
Cutting grass (earlier) x3
Dog bins or measures needed/ can't enforce no dog fouling if no alternative provided x 7
Don’t approve of all cutting down
Entrance at both entry points should be resurfaced to make it safer and more accessible
Glad to see the ragwort topped
Guidance on management aims/more communication on future work plans (x3)
Horses need controlling as they go off bridle paths
Improvements to the car park surfaces - fill in potholes
Information on routes/map on website x 2
Leave it as it is
Less birch
Like to see the cattle grazing x 3
Litter cleared up, litter bins at strategic points
Maintain bike area.
Make car park more open, Can be scary in winter
Map of site on website
Marked routes would be useful/ fingerposts to car park/better signage for South Downs Way x 4
More benches/logs for sitting on x 8
Open up views
More guided walks round heathland
More habitat management
More secure area in car park for dogs
More than ever there is a need to manage recreation
More wild flowers
Better liaison with local community
Nice diversity of woods and heathland
Occasional presence of ranger would help prevent motorcyclists driving over heath
open up area restricting dogs
penalties for motorcyclists
Ragwort has been worrying/is a problem/should be pulled as it used to be x 13
Remove height restriction
Repair of potholes along the byway
S o u t h D o w n s N a t i o n a l P a r k H e a t h l a n d V i s i t o r S u r v e y 2 0 1 4
65
Some seats need repair/replacing
This area is almost exclusively used by dog walkers, presumably no problem with not picking up?
Viewing area over gravel pit to see birds
Wish that dog owners would be more considerate
Clearing fallen trees would be good
Worried about adders
Would like more interpretation on reasons for fencing and on heathland restoration
Remove green algae from the pond
Would like to see more security
Appendix 7: Other sites
Other sites visited by interviewees.
Do you visit any other open spaces locally to undertake the same activity?
No. of references
Do you visit any other open spaces locally to undertake the
same activity?
No. of references
Hindhead/Devil's Punch Bowl 30 Duncton Common 3
Iping Common 30 Flexham Park 3
Durford Heath 25 Frensham Common 3
Bignor Hill 24 Henley Common 3
Harting Down 24 Pagham 3
Linchmere Common 18 Stedham Common 3
Woolbeding Common 18 Bramshott Common 2
Blackdown 17 Butser Hill 2
Cowdray Park 17 Chiltington Common 2
Petworth Park 15 Coates Common 2
South Downs 15 Cocking Common 2
Fittleworth common 10 Easebourne area 2
Liss Forest 10 Fittleworth 2
Marley Common 10 Goodwood Country Park 2
Pulborough Brooks 10 Highdown Hill 2
Midhurst Common 9 Liphook 2
Stedham Common 9 Lords Piece 2
The Severals, Pagham Harbour 9 Millennium field at sheet 2
Chapel Common 7 Minstead Common 2
Graffham Common 7 Monkmead Wood 2
Iron Hill 7 Rackham Woods 2
Ludshott Common 7 River Rother 2
Kithurst Hill 6 Sandgate Park 2
Petersfield Heath 6 Storrington Downs 2
Rogate Common 5 The Trundle 2
Sullington Warren 5 Witley Common 2
Swan Barn Farm 5 Abbotstone Down 1
Ambersham Common 4 Adversane 1
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66
Do you visit any other open spaces locally to undertake the same activity?
No. of references
Do you visit any other open spaces locally to undertake the
same activity?
No. of references
Cold Harbour Wood 4 Amberley 1
General countryside 4 Arun valley 1
Grayshott 4 Ashford Hangers 1
Hesworth Common 4 Bexley Hill (Eastbourne) 1
Heyshott Common 4 Bottingdean 1
Queen Elizabeth Country Park 4 Burton Mill 1
Slindon 4 Burton Rough 1
Waggoners Wells 4 Caron Lane - open space at top 1
Weavers Down 4 Chanctonbury Ring 1
Alderhill 3 Cissbury Ring 1
Arundel Park 3 Codmore 1
Coast 3 North stoke 1
Duncton Down 1 Old Thornes 1
Cowdray (woods near) 1 Other heathland sites 1
Didling 1 Parham 1
Ditchling Common 1 Patching hill 1
East meon 1 Pound common 1
Elsted 1 Pulborough area 1
Elsted (South Downs way) 1 Rackham Plantation 1
Farlington 1 Radford Park 1
Fernhurst 1 Rake common 1
Findon 1 River Arun 1
Fittleworth woods 1 Southwater Country Park 1
Glinding Field 1 St Anne's Hill 1
Grayswood Common 1 Stanley Common 1
Hatch? 1 Steep hangers 1
High Salvington Hill 1 Stopham 1
Houghton Forest 1 Storrington Recreation Ground 1
Hurston Warren 1 Sustainability centre, Clanfield 1
Kingley Vale 1 Trafford Hill 1
Lavington Woods 1 Verdley Wood 1
Leven Down 1 Washington Common 1
Liphook golf course 1 Washington Woods 1
Liphook local park 1 West Dean woods 1
Love Lane Field 1 West Heath Common 1
Meon valley 1 West Sussex Golf Course 1
Milland area 1 West Wittering Beach 1
MoD ranges 1 Whip Hill 1
Monarch's way 1 Woods Mill 1
S o u t h D o w n s N a t i o n a l P a r k H e a t h l a n d V i s i t o r S u r v e y 2 0 1 4
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Appendix 8: Choice of route The percentage of interviewees at each site who considered specific factors influenced their choice of site.
Site
No
ne
ed t
o u
se c
ar
Qu
ick
& e
asy
tra
vel r
ou
te
Go
od
/ e
asy
par
kin
g
Fee
ls s
afe
he
re
Ch
oic
e o
f ro
ute
s
Qu
alit
y o
f th
e a
rea
Scen
ery
/ v
arie
ty o
f vi
ew
s
Ru
ral f
ee
l / w
ild la
nd
scap
e
Hab
it /
fam
iliar
ity
Rig
ht
pla
ce f
or
acti
vity
Par
ticu
lar
wild
life
inte
rest
Go
od
fo
r d
og
/ d
og
enjo
ys it
Ab
ility
to
let
do
g o
ff le
ad
Clo
sest
pla
ce t
o t
ake
the
do
g
Clo
sest
pla
ce t
o le
t d
og
safe
ly o
ff
lead
Qu
iet,
wit
h n
o t
raff
ic n
ois
e
Re
fre
shm
en
ts /
caf
e/
pu
b
No
t m
any
peo
ple
Black Down 0 28 6 6 17 22 22 11 17 11 6 11 0 6 0 11 0 6
Chapel Common 0 11 17 13 60 43 25 15 85 9 11 40 45 4 47 13 0 25
Iping Common (main car park) 0 5 0 0 12 10 14 7 10 0 5 19 2 7 0 2 0 2
Iping Common (north) 50 75 0 0 25 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 25 0 0
Lords Piece 3 9 6 16 34 72 44 0 88 3 3 22 50 13 75 6 0 28
Marley Common 11 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 11 0 0 0 0 0 0
Midhurst Common 33 70 7 15 11 7 19 7 0 26 0 33 26 15 15 4 0 0
Wiggonholt Common 0 44 12 20 16 48 16 4 20 8 24 40 0 4 0 4 12 8
Woolbeding 3 0 3 3 38 78 81 6 69 13 9 31 28 0 13 34 0 34
S o u t h D o w n s N a t i o n a l P a r k H e a t h l a n d V i s i t o r S u r v e y 2 0 1 4
68
Appendix 9: Choice of route (“other” factors)
“Other” factors influencing interviewee’s choice of route:
Avoiding the pond, worried about the blue-green algae x3
Avoiding other dogs x3
Circular walk x2
Dog chooses route x6
Dog's ability (old/infirm/young) x4
Dry tracks to keep dogs clean
Easy/short/flat walk x8
Exploring the area x2
Avoiding cyclists x2
Avoiding horses
Lack of interpretation
Longest route
No deer (greyhound owners)
Nothing x5
Open pathways, trying to find the way through bracken, disorientating dogs
Parking - location
Routine walk x2
Visit viewpoint
Visiting places that they used to come before husband/father died
Walk in the heather x2
Whim/depends on mood x3
Wildlife interest x2
Will divert if see horses or cyclists
Worried about being mugged