s i t e a n a l y s i s o s l o - n o r w a y o€¦ · s i t e a n a l y s i s 1000 feet n 304.8...

S I T E A N A L Y S I S

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304.8 meters

O S L O - N O R W A Y


The capital of Norway with the total area of 454.03 km2 or 175.30 sq mi (urban: 289.84 km2 or 111.91 sq mi, metro: 8 900 km2 or 3,400 sq mi) is the largest and most populous city in Norway.

Founded around 1000 AD, and established as a "kaupstad" (trading place) in 1048 by King Harald III, the city was elevated to a bishopric in 1070 and a capital under Haakon V around 1300. Personal unions with Denmark

from 1397 to 1523 and again from 1536 to 1814 and with Sweden from 1814 to 1905 reduced its influence. After being destroyed by a fire in 1624, the city was moved closer to Akershus Castle during the reign of King Christian IV

and renamed Christiania in his honour. It was established as a municipality (formannskapsdistrikt) on 1 January 1838. Following a spelling reform, it was known as Kristiania from 1877 to 1925, when its original Norwegian name was restored.

Oslo is the economic and governmental centre of Norway. The city is also a hub of Norwegian trade, banking, industry and shipping. It is an important centre for maritime industries and maritime trade in Europe. The city is home to many

companies within the maritime sector, some of which are among the world's largest shipping companies, shipbrokers and maritime insurance brokers. Oslo is a pilot city of the Council of Europe and the European Commission intercultural

cities programme.

Oslo is considered a global city and ranked "Beta World City" in studies performed by the Globalization and World Cities Study Group and Network in 2008. It was ranked number one in terms of quality of life among European large cities

in the European Cities of the Future 2012 report by fDi magazine. A survey conducted by ECA International in 2011 placed Oslo as the second most expensive city in the world for living expenses after Tokyo. In 2013 Oslo tied with

the Australian city of Melbourne as the fourth most expensive city in the world, according to the Economist Intelligence Unit (EIU)'s Worldwide Cost of Living study.

Given its unique location and geography, the Norwegian society is very environmentally aware. This leads to Norway being one of the precursors of innovative sustainable design strategies and biomimicry.

Rationale for choosing the site:

- relevance of biomimic strategies can be more visible and obvious in more radical geographical locations

- later climate data shows a significance of daylight driven designs which biomimicry often emphasize

- as one of the leaders of alternatively produced energy, Norway is open to experimental design strategies seeking a replacement of fossil fuel energy sources

- Ocean “integration” into the city – maritime landscape urbanism

- Biomimicry research facility – Norway is considered to be one of the most advanced countries in terms of sustainability research and new technologies implementation

- Preservation of unique arctic environment

- Fish farms – closed loop systems

sources:

"GaWC – The World According to GaWC 2008". Lboro.ac.uk. 13 April 2010. Accessed 14 June 2015.Rachel Craig (13 February 2012). "European Cities and Regions of the Future 2012/13". fDiIntelligence.com. Accessed 14 June 2015."Sydney rockets up the list of the world's most expensive cities". ECA International. 8 June 2011. Accessed 14 June 2015.George Arnett; Chris Michael (14 February 2014). "The world's most expensive cities". The Guardian. Accessed 14 June 2015.


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Oslo’s districts:

GRØNLAND

SENTRUM

TØYEN

GAMLE OSLO

TJUVHOLMEN

AKER BRYGGE

SKILLEBEKK

VIKA

HOVEDØYA

LINDØYA

BLEIKØYA

PIPERVIKA

AKERSHUS FESTNING

SIMENSBRÅTEN

NAKKHOLMEN

BJØRVIKA

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

1415

5

1

76

8

10

1211

4

16

9

13

32 OLD TOWN

17

17


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304.8 meters

Oslo Operahuset - Oslo Opera House

Sentralstasjon - Central Station (trainstation and communication hub)

Oslo’s landmarks:


Barcode Project

Jernbanetorget (The Railway Square)

Old Town (Gamlebyen)

Museum of Contemporary Art

Radhus (City Hall)

Radhusplassen (City Hall Square)

The Royal Palace

Nobel Fredssenter (Nobel Peace Center)

Astrup Fearnley Museum of Modern Art


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304.8 meters

walking radius from the city’s centre.

1/4 mile (402,5 meters)

1/2 mile (805 meters)

3/4 mile (1 207 meters)

1 mile (1 609,5 meters)



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304.8 meters


PUBLIC TRANSPORT

water tram

bus

tram

Oslo S

Train NSB


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304.8 meters


Oslo’s demographics:

figure 1. Population of Oslo from 1801–2006, with yearly data from 1950–2006. Source: Statistics Norway.

Historical population:

Year Population +/- %

1500 2,500 —

1951 434,365 +17274.6%1961 475,663 +9.5%1971 481,548 +1.2%1981 452,023 −6.1%1991 461,644 +2.1%2001 508,726 +10.2%2011 599,230 +17.8%2014 634,463 +5.9%

Source: Statistics Norway.

According to the most recent census 432,000 Oslo residents (70.4% of the population) were ethnically Norwegian, an increase of 6% since 2002 (409,000).Oslo has the largest population of immigrants and Norwegian-born to immigrant parents in Norway, both in relative and absolute figures. Of Oslo's 624,000 inhabitants, 189,400 were immigrants or born to immigrant parents, representing 30.4 percent of the capital's population. All suburbs in Oslowere above the national average of 14.1 percent. The suburbs with the highest proportions of people of immigrant origin were Søndre Nordstrand, Stovner og Alna,where they formed around 50 percent of the population. Pakistanis make up the single largest ethnic minority, followed by Swedes, Somalis, and Poles. Other large immigrant groups are people from Sri Lanka, Vietnam, Turkey, Morocco, Iraq and Iran.

In 2013, 40% of Oslo's primary school pupils were registered as having a first language other than Norwegian or Sami.The western part of the city is predominantly ethnic Norwegian, with several schools having less than 5% pupils with an immigrant background. The eastern part of Oslo is more mixed, with some schools up to 97% immigrant share. Schools are also increasingly divided by ethnicity, with white flight being presentin some of the northeastern suburbs of the city. In the borough Groruddalen in 2008 for instance, the ethnic Norwegian population decreased by 1,500, while the immigrant population increased by 1,600.

sources: https://www.oslo.kommune.no/ , http://www.ssb.no/en/innvbef , http://www.aftenposten.no/nyheter/25-prosent-av-alle-som-bor-i-Oslo-er-innvandrere-6570525.html , http://www.aftenposten.no/nyheter/iriks/Foreldre-flytter-barna-til-hvitere-skoler-5583417.html

population by gender:

315 398319 065

population by age:

59 349

0-5 6-19

90 180

20-54 55 +

345 455 139 479


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304.8 meters


The climate and geography.

Oslo occupies an arc of land at thenorthernmost end of the Oslofjord. The fjord, which is nearly bisected bythe Nesodden peninsula opposite Oslo, lies to the south. In all otherdirections Oslo is surrounded bygreen hills and mountains.

There are 40 islands within the citylimits, the largest being Malmøya (0.56 km2 or 0.22 sq mi), and scoresmore around the Oslofjord. Oslo has 343 lakes, the largest being Maridalsvannet (3.91 km2 or 1.51 sq mi). This is also a main source of drinkingwater for large parts of Oslo.

The highest point of Oslo area isKirkeberget, at 629 metres (2,064 ft).Although the city's population is small compared to most Europeancapitals, it occupies an unusually large land area, of which two-thirdsare protected areas of forests, hillsand lakes. Its boundaries encompassmany parks and open areas, giving itan airy and green appearance.

TEMPERATURE RANGE

ILLUMINATION RANGE

SKY COVERAGE

ANNUAL WIND ROSE

source: Climate Consultant 5.5


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AREAS OF INTEREST

HOVEDØYA

AREA: 0.68 sq km (0.26 sq mi.)

LINDØYA

AREA: 0.61 sq km (0.24 sq mi.)


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304.8 meters


PHOTOGRAPHIC DOCUMENTATION

sources: Wikimedia Commons, Leif-Harald Ruud, by Author.

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