s. de jong & f. linde, 22-november-2002 1 icfa seminar particle physics prospects 1. icfa...

S. de Jong & F. Linde, 22-November-2002

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ICFA SeminarParticle Physics Prospects

1. ICFA seminar highlights2. Discussion statements


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5’ Introduction (Eric)30’ Presentation (Sijbrand & Frank)420’ Statement discussion5’ AOB

60’ Beer


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ICFA Seminar Program

Opening Talk (E. Witten) Laboratory Reports Neutrino Physics Advanced Accelerator-Based and Reactor-Based Neutrino Sources Lepton Colliders (added information recent ECFA/DESY e+e linear collider workshop) Advanced Hadron Colliders Networking and Instrumentation Astro-Particle Physics Global Collaboration Spin-off and Outreach Outlook Closing Talk (S. Perlmutter)

http://dsu.web.cern.ch/dsu/of/icfasource.html


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e+e linear collider Politics 1/4Politics:

ECFA, ACFA, HEPAP & OECD agree e+e linear collider is next logical step in accelerator based particle physics;

All laboratories and nationalities involved agree e+e linear collider to be a “world project” (“Global

accelerator/detector concepts”); Cold TESLA concept is at present the only mature

proposal. However, everyone expects three comparable ($$$, L, s) proposals to be available by the end of 2003.

Reality:

State which offers most $, € or ¥ will become the host!

First beam optimistically before end of LHC running (2015?).

“Physics”:

Everyone says pp and e+e collider should run concurrently.


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1. Higgs mass: mH 50 MeV2. Higgs couplings: 2%3. Higgs potential: 20%4. Higgs spin-parity analysis

Z0

H

e

e+

Z0

Electro-weak symmetry breaking

(500-1000 fb1)

e+e linear collider “Standard Model” Physics

2/4

Standard Model internal consistency(“Giga Z” & standard running)

1. Higgs mass: mH 50 MeV

H

Z0

MH viaZ0/ee

recoil mass

1. W-boson: mW 5 MeV2. Standard W&Z couplings3. Z-boson: sin2w 105

4. t-quark mass: mt 100 MeV5. Anomalous W&Z-couplings

Theoretical effort:

• 2-loop calculations e.g. r• (e+e annihilation @ low s)• many new MC generators; e.g. “automatic” MC packages

gHff viaHff

decay

1. Higgs mass: mH 50 MeV 2. Higgs couplings: 2%

tt, bb, cc, gg, WW, ZZ, , ZH

1. Higgs mass: mH 50 MeV2. Higgs couplings: 2%3. Higgs potential: 20%

H potentialvia HHHvertex


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e+e linear collider “New” Physics

3/4

f

e

e+

Gf

Higgs sector: h0, H0, A0, H

• Unravel the ambiguities leftbehind by the LHC!

Supersymmetry

Sparticles:

• Masses: threshold scans• Couplings: cross-sections

Extra-dimensions

G

e

e+

note E-scale!

CLICLC


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e+e linear collider Detector R&D

4/4

CalorimetrySampling technique; active medium:

• silicon pads or scintillator

High segmentation // & directions:

• becomes “tracking” like!• good for particle ID ( 0)

TrackingThree techniques:

• huge TPC• silicon strip & pixel detectors

The TPC appears to be the hottest; competing in resolution with the silicon!

• perforated foils for gas amplification (“GEM” or “Micromega”)

• silicon pixel readout?• resolution diffusion limited

** thinning **


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“NIKHEF joins the globale+e linear collider

endeavour”(Collary: NIKHEF helps to convince CERN to do so as

well!)

How?

1. Physics studies & detector R&D?2. LoopVerein?

When?

1. Before Amsterdam ECFA/DESY workshop?

1


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Neutrino statusStatus:

• Three -species (LEP: 2.981 0.008; 4He/1H: 3.3 0.2 or so)

• -mass limits (tritium -decay: < 2.8 eV; astrophysics: < 1 eV) • Solar -oscillations (Homestake, Gallium, (Super)Kamiokande, SNO)

• Atmospheric -oscillations (IMB, Macro, (Super)Kamiokande, Sudan)

• LSND anomaly (wait for MiniBoone’s result; ignore it for the moment)

• 13 is small (<15o)• CP-violating phase ?• sign of m2 ?• Dirac Majorana• Absolute -mass values?

13

1/4

Solar

m2 5105 eV2

12 30o12

Atmospheric

m2 3103 eV2

23 45o23

2

2

2

1

2

12

2

2

1

2

1

sin2

2

2

213e

i


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Neutrino oscillations 2/4

P(x)

P(x)=sin2 2 sin2(Lm2/(4E))

The crucial issues

• Nature: ij & m2

• Neutrino source• Neutrino energy• Neutrino flight distance• Neutrino detector• Event count rate

ij

L

P()1.0

0.0

P()=1 - sin2 2 sin2(Lm2/(4E))

prob

abili

ty

GeV6.0eV003.0 22

Em

E

Loscillation = 1.3m2

E[GeV]

[eV2]

[km]


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Conventional -beam

target

horns

decaytunnel

nearexperiment

farexperiment

-beam prospectives 3/4

Fission reactor: e-beams

experiment

experiment

experiment

experiment

storagering-factory: e,e,,-beams

experiment

18Ne 18F + e+e

6He 6Li + ee-decay: e,e-beams

E

farexperiment

Off-axis -beam (variable energy to optimise Loscillation!)

target

horns

decaytunnel

nearexperiment E =

m2 m2

2(E pcos)


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-beam physics/experiments

4/4

☻ Reactor:e

E 5 MeVbaseline 200 km

Loscillation 250 kme-disappearance-appearance?

or E 0.5 – 20 GeV

baseline 1000 km

Loscillation 800E km appearance

(e appearance)-disappearance

/-beam:

-beam:e or e

E 500 MeVbaseline ? km

Loscillation is large-appearance

e-disappearance?

☻ -factory:

Loscillation: large (20,000 km)rare decays

wrong-sign -appearance(disappearance)

asymmetries CP-violation?

e, e , or polarisation

E 20-50 GeVbaseline 3000 km

huge statistics

technology:-cooling?

physics:sin2213?

K2K: 1.3 GeV

NuMi: tuneableCNGS: 17 GeV


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“NIKHEF makes a serious study of the physics

potential of (high intensity) -beams”

First:

1. Establish a joint experiment-theory study group

2. Capita for our (astro)particle physics master

Next?

1. Join MINOS? Join K2K? Do not join CNGS!2. Investigate -cooling experiment (MICE)?3. -factory collider?

2


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Astroparticle physics 1/3

The universe: 65% dark energy (but Higgs too much!) 30% dark matter (astronomical: white/brown dwarfs, neutron stars/black holes, gas clouds; particles: , axions, WIMPS, ,…) 5% visible baryonic matter

-astronomy:

AMANDA Baikal ANTARES/NEMO NESTOR

1 Southern 1 Northern Hemisphere detector

HENAP


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Axion

search usingLHC magnet

WIMP

DAMA, CMDS, EDELWEISSBoulby mine: NAIAD, ZEPLIN, DRIFT

High Energy Gamma ray:

GLAST


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Satellite based: EUSO OWL

Extensive Air Shower Arrays:

High energy neutrinos High energy gamma rays …

Ground based: AGASA, …, Pierre-Auger

Radio detectors:

RICE, ANITA, SALSA, GLUE, LOFAR


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“NIKHEF increases itsastro-particle physics

effort”

How?

1. Joining prospective experiments covering a broad spectrum to maximize our discovery potential(Pierre-Auger, HyperKamiokande, Gravitational wave

antenna’s, …)

Which level?

1. Manpower wise (WP/V): up to 30%2. Investment wise: substantially less

3


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“NIKHEF improves balance between:

Hardware Software Physicsexperiment contributions”

How?

1. Increased flexibility vis-à-vis individual initiatives

2. Broader experimental program3. Substantially less “mass” production4. Increased collaboration with theory group5. Increase software framework effort?

4


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The End

s. de jong & f. linde, 22-november-2002 1 icfa seminar particle physics prospects 1. icfa...

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