Rwanda

History

• Called Ruanda-Urundi• Ethnic make up

– 85% Hutu– 14% Tutsi– 1% Twa

• Lived in peace under a Tutsi King• Intermarriages were common• Spoke the same language• Lived side by side

Europeans move in

• Germany first controlled the region– Lost the area after World War I

• Belgium controlled area in 1916• Singled out the Tutsi to act as their proxy

– Collected taxes– Enforced Belgium laws

• Gave the Tutsi the belief that they were superior

• Hatred between the Hutus and Tutsi begins

Independence

• 1962 Rwanda was granted independence

• It was decided to abolish a Tutsi monarch and establish a republic

• Tutsi from Burundi began a guerrilla invasion

• Struggle for power

• Hutus threw a murderous uprising created a majority controlled republic

Bloodshed

• UN backs a campaign to secure power sharing

• Hutu extremist conceive a plan to rid the country of all Tutsi– Play on historical fears of a return to a Tutsi

monarch

• Competition for land between farms (Hutu) and cattle herds (Tutsi)

The Genocide begins

• assassination of President Juvenal Habyarimana (Hutu) on April 6th,1994

• perpetrated by two Hutu militias– The Interahamwe

• “those who stand together”

– the Impuzamugambi • “those who have a single goal”

– Over the course of approximately 100 days 800,000 people were killed

The Genocide Ends

• the Tutsi refugees (Rwandese Patriotic Front) conquered the whole country

• Two problems the country now faces– To bring the refugees back– To try the 81,000 Hutu who are imprisoned

• Many did participate in the murders

The Movie

Cast

• Don Cheadle as Paul Rusesabagina • Sophie Okonedo as Tatiana Rusesabagina • Nick Nolte as Colonel Oliver (based on Roméo Dallaire). • Fana Mokoena as General Augustin Bizimungu • Cara Seymour as Madame Pat Archer • Joaquin Phoenix as journalist Jack Daglish • Jean Reno as Sabena Airlines President Mr. Tillens • Desmond Dube as Dube • Hakeem Kae-Kazim as George Rutaganda

Plot

• Paul (Hutu) is a manger at the manager of Sabena Hotel des Mille Collines

• His wife Tatiana is a Tutsi• George Rutaganda is a

supplier to the hotel who also is the local leader of Interahamwe

• On the night the genocide • Paul negotiates with the

Hutu Army for the safety of his family and friends

• Brings them to the hotel• UN Colonel Oliver is

unable to stop the genocide– “we are here only as peace

keepers not peace makers”

Lt GeneralRomeo Dallaire

• Paul turns to Rwandan Army General, Augustin Bizimungu often times for help– The general is suppose to

be stopping the genocide– But the army is really

helping the Interahamwe

Bizimungu

Survive

• Is the family able to survive the genocide?