rural water supply and environmental programme …...building up the private sector’s role in...

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Rural Water Supply and Environmental Programme (RWSEP)

empowering rural people through the

COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT FUND

Ato Zemene Tsehay, WRDBAto Mefin Gebremedhin, BoFED

Closure of the Rural Water Supply And Environmental Programme

Bahar Dar 25 October 2011

Presentation of the RWSEP

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MILESTONES OF RWSEP

• RWSEP started in 1994

• Community Development Fund (CDF) modality piloted in 2003

• CDF modality operational in all RWSEP wordedas in 2005

• Fund management was shifted to BoFED 2007

• CDF incorporated in WASH Implementation Framework in 2011

• CDF renamed to Community Managed Projects (CMP) and nationwide scaling-up started 2011 to 2014




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THE WAY TO CDF SUCCESS

Starting from Phase I, RWSEP introduced:

• A powerful capacity building emphasizing an empowered role of community with strong equity concept and empowerment of women

• A multi-sector partnership between water health, education, women’s affairs and finance sectors,

• Strong message delivery approach

however,

• RWSEP was still a conventional programme, with financial contribution of the GoF managed by the TA consultant

• RWSEP continued like this through the two first phases, up to 2003




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At the end of Phase II (2002)

• Woredas had the skill and capacity to perform but the environment for efficiency seemed to be missing

• Communities participated but had a secondary role in managing the development

• Distribution of resources did not fully consider the varying capacity among the woredas

• Procurement procedures were cumbersome and slowed down the construction speed

• Procurement in bulk put the local suppliers at woredas in marginal

• Woreda offices had resources to manage a limited number of construction sites at the same time

• The superficial role of communities left their capacity under-utilized

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The idea of CDF emerged from the need for:

Efficient utilization of the Partners’ resources:

Enabling an environment for optimizing woredas’ capacity

Establishing a genuine role of the communities for sustaining the benefits of investments

Building up the private sector’s role in construction, maintenance and spare part supply

Creation of decentralized, material, goods and services supply chain, including spare parts supply




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Elements of solution through CDF

Communities’ role was upgraded:

• Communities were made responsible for managing the entire construction including the funds

• Capacity building of communities was extended to contract and financial management processes of construction

Woredas’ role was adjusted to the communities’ new role:

• A woreda-centred decision making structure (CDF Board) was put in place to coordinate the development in each woreda

• The Boards approve projects and control communities use of funds

• Woreda's role became one of a facilitator instead of an implementor

Fund channelling was changed:

• Investment funds were now further transferred through a micro-finance institution (ACSI) to WASHCOS at communities

• No changes were made in channelling funds to government partners for capacity building




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The final steps for institutionalizing the CDF was taken during Phase IV

• TA was integrated in the regional and zone structures:

• Management of GoF fund contribution was shifted to the Regional Bureau of Finance and Economic Development (BoFED)

• Scaling up in Amhara Region started by new financiers introducing CDF (GoE and UNICEF)

• Nation-wide scaling up CDF was initiated leading to the inclusion of the CDF modality into the GoE National WASH Programme Implementation Framework (WIF)




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Stages of the CDF Process




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Features of fund flow in CDF

WASHCOs, elected by community members manage the investment funds

Government uses a micro-financer institution to channel investment funds to WASHCOs

Woredas control the fund use of WASHCOs

Capacity building finds are channelled to woredas through BoFED’s line offices

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Financial Progress in Phase IV

GoF financing to RWSEP

Euro 9.75 million for capacity building and investments (86 %)

Euro 1.57 million for Technical assistance (14 %)

3,240 water points have been constructed serving 770,000 people

Average cost per empowered community Euro 3,490, or Euro 14.70 per community member

GoE financing to RWSEP

Euro 1.42 million for operational costs related to RWSEP

Euro 485 per empowered community, or Euro 1.8 per community member

Community contribution

Euro 1.63 million (in kind), in average 23 % of investment costs

GoF contribution to RWSEP has been Euro 30 million




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ACHIEVEMENTS:

Overall Objective of RWSEP: The capacity of communities to initiate, manage and implement their priority projects with support from woredas in Amhara Region and other regions in Ethiopia

• As result from the capacity building of RWSEP, communities have a proven capacity to manage the cycle for constructing and operating a water point

• Alongside, communities have become empowered to manage other similar development initiatives and their operation and maintenance

• In practicing their capacity, communities’ need for technical support by woreda offices is diminishing

• CDF is currently a national option for implementing WASH projects for reaching the targets of the Universal Access Plan




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Number of water points constructed in RWSEP in 1994-2011:

• Totally 6,524 water points constructed, out of which 4,515 by communities using CDF approach (= built after 2003)

• 92.4 – 100 % of 6,524 water points functional

• Annual construction rate has increased from 20 WPs in 1998 to 75 in 2009;

national average below 30

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Average construction costs in RWSEP:

• Total cost of Phases divided by number of Water Points constructed

• Total cost of one water point in Phase IV ~4,000 Euro, or 12.5 Euro/person (includes all inputs of GoF, GoE and community)

• Investment costs 70%; capacity building 30 % of total costs

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Phase I Phase II Phase III Phase IV

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Access coverage in 14 RWSEP woredas:

• Totally 6,524 water points constructed, out of which 4,515 by communities using CDF approach (= after 2003)

• Coverage in 14 RWSEP woredas varies between 68.7 and 99.3 %; total 1,32 million people

• 92.4 – 100 % of water points functional

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Phase I Phase II Phase III Phase IV

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WASH Implementation Modalities in the National Wash Implementation Framework

Woreda Managed Projects

Community Managed Projects, former Community Development Fund (CDF)

NGO Managed Projects

Self Supply Projects

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CDF for WATER, SANITATION and HYGIENE:

Full utilization of human resources

Empowered communities

Empowered women

Healthy children

Prosperous communities

rural water supply and environmental programme …...building up the private sector’s role in...

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