runway situation awareness tools - skybrary · pdf filetitle: boeing_runway situation...

Copyright © 2013 Boeing. All rights reserved. SAAFER | 1

Marisa JenkinsFlight Deck Engineering

Principle Investigator, Surface OperationsThe Boeing Company

Runway Situation Awareness Tools

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Runway overrun excursionsRunway excursions are the first leading cause of aviation accidents


• Boeing Safety - A top issue

• U.S. NTSB - Runway safety - top 10 issue since 1991

• Flight Safety Foundation - A top issue

• IATA - Recognized accident issue

• ICAO GRSS in May 2011 - A top issue

Runway excursions are the first leading cause of aviation accidents and the third leading cause of transport airplane fatalities.

Overrun characteristics

Friction limited orrunway contamination

Tailwind

Long landing

Unstableapproach(too high, too fast)

ABtoolow

Speedbrakeslate or not

Stability Touch-down Deceleration


Decision height

High touchdown

speed Reverser level too low orreduced too soon

Reversers late ornot deployed

late or notdeployed

Overrun excursions often are caused by more than one factor

Mitigate all contributing factors to overruns

• Multiple solutions and technologies required

Ensure maximum fleet penetration

• Work towards software-only solutions (when feasible)

• Gain customer support and feedback

Guiding principles

Flight Deck Technology

Training Aid

Procedures


• Gain customer support and feedback

• Work towards in- and out-of-production solutions

• Work towards technology packages to incentivize airline acceptance

Implement enhancements as soon as possible

• Advocate near-term solutions (procedures, training aid, existing technology options)

• Multi-model planning: features and functions incorporation

Boeing’s overrun solutionRunway Situation Awareness Tools

Flight Deck TechnologyProcedures

Technology…• Enhanced approach planning tools• Aural and visual runway positional

awareness and alerting• Stability guidance and alerting• Predicted runway stop location display• Overrun alerting

For every landing…


Training Aid

Approach and Landing Training Aid video…• Flying a stable approach• Runway contamination or friction• Checking runway length available

versus required• Reported conditions that vary from

actual• Approach speed additives and effect• Proper, timely use of all deceleration

devices

For every landing…• Perform a landing distance calculation• Calculate and brief a go-around point• Utilize appropriate Speedbrake/Thrust

Reverser callouts

• Perform a thorough approach briefing

• Perform a landing distance calculation and assessment

• Plan a go-around point or a latest touchdown point

• Ensure required procedural callouts are made

Procedures



Training Aid

Procedures

Note: A thrust reverser callout and a landing distance calculation were added to the FCTM and the FCOM

• Flying a stable approach

• Touchdown point

• Runway contamination – known or unexpected

• Calculating the runway distance available versus required

• Reported conditions:

Training aid videoPilots must understand the relationship among these factors


– Can vary from actual conditions

– Reliability of runway braking action reports

– Wind data

• Approach speed additives:

– Effect on landing distance

– Energy to be dissipated

• Proper, timely use of deceleration devices


Training Aid

Procedures

Technology

www.boeing.com/saafer



Training Aid

Procedures

PlanningApproachplanning

Approach Touchdown Deceleration

Displayed landing distance – dry or contaminated runways


Assessment of runway available versus required

PlanningApproachplanning


Displayed landing distance – dry or contaminated runways


Assessment of runway available versus required

ApproachApproachplanning


“TOO HIGH”“TOO FAST”

“APPROACHING 28L”

“SHORT RUNWAY”


• Runway SA and alerting• Stable (speed, altitude, on

G/S) and guidance• Instability alerting

“TOO FAST”

TouchdownApproachplanning


• Landing and flare guidance

• Runway position SA• Long landing alerting

“ X THOUSAND REMAINING”


“LONG LANDING”

TouchdownApproachplanning


• Landing and flare guidance

• Runway position SA• Long landing alerting



“LONG LANDING”

Landing and rolloutApproachplanning

Approach Touchdown Deceleration• Runway

positional awareness

• Display of calculated stop location

• Overrun alerting• Speedbrake

alerting



“ONE HUNDRED REMAINING”

“SPEEDBRAKE”

“OVERRU N”

alerting


Training Aid

Procedures

Non-equipage mitigations available• Updated approach procedures• Boeing-developed Approach and Landing Training Aid• Flight Safety Foundation Approach and Landing Accident

Reduction (ALAR) tool kit• IATA Runway Excursion Risk Reduction (RERR) toolkit

Equipage mitigations available• Head-up Display (HUD)

International Coordinating Council of Aerospace Industries Associations

Future equipage and available SOP and training


Training Aid • Head-up Display (HUD)• Vertical Situation Display (VSD)• Onboard Performance Tool (OPT)• Runway Awareness Advisory System (RAAS)

Packages in work for Boeing models, starting 2015

ICAO Regional Runway Safety Summit


Questions

runway situation awareness tools - skybrary · pdf filetitle: boeing_runway situation...

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